MANUAL ON THE

CREATION OF
ACCRETION AND
EROSION MAP USING
ARCGIS AND DIGITAL
SHORELINE
ASSESSMENT SYSTEM
(DSAS)
PREPARED BY:
MARCELO M. ALILIO
ENGINEER IV

DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCE

MINES AND GEOSCIENCES BUREAU

MARINE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY DIVSION
3RD Floor, J. C. Fernandez Building, North Avenue, Diliman, Quezon City
Table of Contents
1. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................... 4
1.1. OVERVIEW ........................................................................................................ 4
1.2. SOFTWARES AND SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS .............................................. 4
2. SOFTWARE INSTALLATIONS................................................................................. 4
2.1. ARCGIS ............................................................................................................. 4
2.2. DSAS 4.0 ........................................................................................................... 5
3. BASE MAP PREPARATION ..................................................................................... 5
3.1. ASSIGN COORDINATE SYSTEM ..................................................................... 5
3.2. GEOREFERENCING ......................................................................................... 6
4. DIGITIZATION ........................................................................................................ 10
4.1. DIGITIZATION OF OLD SHORELINE ............................................................. 10
4.2. DIGITIZING THE GOOGLE EARTH SHORELINE ........................................... 13
4.3. IMPORT THE .KMZ FILE TO ARCMAP ........................................................... 16
5. CREATION OF SHORELINE FROM DTM (IFSAR) ............................................... 19
6. IMPORT THE GPS DATA ...................................................................................... 23
6.1. CONVERT GPX TO SHAPEFILES .................................................................. 23
7. ADD ALL SHORELINES TO LAYER AND ANALYZE ............................................ 25
8. EDIT AND MERGE GPS DATA .............................................................................. 26
9. CREATE POLYGONS USING TWO SHORELINES .............................................. 27
10. SPLIT POLYGON INTO ACCRETION AND EROSION POLYGON.................... 32
11. CALCULATION OF THE ACCRETION AND EROSION HECTARAGE PER
BARANGAY. ................................................................................................................. 35
12. DATA PREPARATION FOR DAS USE ............................................................... 38
12.1. SHORELINE PREPARATION ...................................................................... 38
12.2. APPENDING SHORELINES. ........................................................................ 41
12.3. BASELINE CREATION ................................................................................. 44
13. DSAS WORKFLOW ............................................................................................ 52
13.1. SET DEFAULT PARAMETERS .................................................................... 52
13.2. CAST TRANSECTS...................................................................................... 55
13.3. CALCULATE STATISTICS ........................................................................... 57
13.4. CLIPPING TRANSECT TO THE SHORELINE CHANGE ENVELOPE (SCE)
58
13.5. VIEW RESULT SPATIALLY ......................................................................... 59

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14. JOIN THE ACCRETION AND EROSION BARANGAY INTERSECT WITH THE
CHANGE RATE ............................................................................................................ 62
14.1. EROSION ..................................................................................................... 62
14.2. ACCRETION ................................................................................................. 64
15. ADDITIONAL MAP LAYERS ............................................................................... 66
15.1. ADD BACKGROUND.................................................................................... 66
15.2. ADD ROAD LAYER ...................................................................................... 67
15.3. ADD CONTOUR ........................................................................................... 70
16. MAP LAYOUT SPECIFICATION ......................................................................... 72
16.1. MAP LAYOUT ............................................................................................... 75

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1. INTRODUCTION
1.1. OVERVIEW

The Mines and Geosciences Bureau (MGB) has been mandated by the
Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) Administrative Order
2000-28 to comprehensively study impacts and address the mitigating measures
of geohazard. In this regards, The Marine and Geological Survey Division
(MGSD) under MGB were task to conduct the coastal geohazard assessment
component of this study. The MGSD has been conducting the assessment since
2010 but because of the magnitude of the study area and the lack of manpower
resources, former Director Leo Jasareno had ordered the ROs to help in the
conduct of the survey.
The purpose of this Manual is to standardize the creation of maps by the Mines
and MGB Central Office (CO) and the Regional Offices (RO) using the ARCGIS
software and the Digital Shoreline Assessment System (DSAS). The field
assessment procedures are discussed in another guidebook.
This Manual target audience are those geologist or Information Technology (IT)
personnel who has background on the use of ARCGIS. It did not attempt to
teach or explain the details of the commands and processes use in the execution
of each step.

1.2. SOFTWARES AND SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS

Before proceeding further, be sure to have the following requirements:

1. PC or laptop with I7 or equivalent processor, Window 8 or higher, 8gb ram
(preferred);
2. Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 (or higher);
3. Installed ArcGIS 10 or higher;
4. Installed DSAS 4.0 or higher;
5. Freely available MATLAB component runtime library utility.

2. SOFTWARE INSTALLATIONS
2.1. ARCGIS
ArcGIS provides contextual tools for mapping and spatial reasoning so you can
explore data and share location-based insights. ArcGIS creates deeper

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 understanding, allowing you to quickly see where things are happening and how
information is connected.
ArcGIS offers a unique set of capabilities for applying location-based analysis to
your business practices. Gain greater insights using contextual tools to analyze
and visualize your data. Then share these insights and collaborate with others via
apps, maps, and reports.
Refer to the ARCGIS User’s Guide for the installation instruction.

2.2. DSAS 4.0

The Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) is a freely available software
application that works within the Environmental Systems Research Institute
(ESRI) Geographic Information System (ArcGIS) software. DSAS computes rate-
of-change statistics for a time series of shoreline vector data. Version 4.3 was
released in April 2012 and is only compatible with ArcGIS v.10. It is supported on
Windows XP, Vista, 7, 8, and 10 operating systems. The application is available
for download at the web site (http://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/projectpages/dsas/).
DSAS user guide describes the system requirements, installation procedures,
and necessary inputs to establish measurement locations with transects and
compute rate-of-change calculations using DSAS. The DSAS software was
developed in the early 1990s. Updates have focused on improving the rate-of
change statistics as well as the user interface and are designed to be compatible
with the current version of ESRI Arcgis software. Reference to this user guide
will be sited on this manual.

3. BASE MAP PREPARATION

NAMRIA Topographic Map with 1:50,000 scale will be used as the baseline for
the shoreline movement measurement

3.1. ASSIGN COORDINATE SYSTEM

Proper coordinate system should be assigned to the Data Frame prior to
georeferencing.
Defining the correct spatial reference system for your raster data is important.
ArcGIS applications, such as ArcMap, or datasets, such as mosaic datasets, can
reproject on the fly. This is useful; however, each time a raster dataset is
transformed, there is a change in the cells as they are resampled. You want to
minimize this to maintain the best image and data quality.
When you define a spatial reference system for a raster dataset, you are defining
the projection used to store the data. This has a direct effect on the cells, as they
are permanently resampled to fit this projection. When you define a spatial

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 reference system for a raster catalog or mosaic dataset, you are generally not
defining the projection used to store the raster data but the projection that is used
to manage the data and create the footprints, boundaries, or other features.
Locate the projection used in the basemap, in this case, PTM GRID ZONE III.

Assign the coordinate system to the Data Frame.

3.2. GEOREFERENCING1
Georeferencing is the process of aligning spatial data (layers that are shape files:
polygons, points, etc.) to an image file such as an historical map, satellite image,
or aerial photograph. This document describes the basic steps for georeferencing
our basemap using ArcGIS.

1 http://library.columbia.edu/locations/dssc/technology/georef.html

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1. Prepare the Software
◦ Add the Georeferencing toolbar, if it is not already showing, by selecting:
View > Toolbars > Georeferencing
2. 2
.
Pre
pare the Image Layer

 Open the image layer.

 Rescale the image to fit within the window; select from the Georeferencing
toolbar:
Georeferencing > Fit to Display

3. Adding Control Points

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 This is the process of matching points on the image layer to corresponding points
on the shape layers.
From the Georeferencing toolbar, select the Add Control Points icon.

This tool allows you to georeference the image:

 First, using your mouse, left click on a known point on the image. This will place a
cross mark on that location.

 Next, left click on the matching control point in another layer. This will 'move' the
image and better align the control points.

 Repeat this step with each control point.

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If you would like to input x and y coordinates as an alternative to the method
mentioned above, after placing a cross mark on a location, right-click on it and
enter in the coordinates.
Note: it is a good idea to zoom in on your image when adding control points for
better accuracy.
For every set of control points you create, an entry is created in a table that
records the original coordinates, the control point coordinates, and the residual
error. Access the table by choosing the View Link Table icon from the
Georeferencing toolbar.

4. Adjusting the Final Product

Residual error is the measure of the fit between the true locations and the
transformed locations of the output control points. If there is a link with a high
level of error, consider deleting it by highlighting the point in the link table and
clicking the delete icon.

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 Depending on the number of control points you have, from the Georeferencing
table you can perform either a 1st, 2nd, or 3rd order transformation. The
transformations compare the coordinates of the source image with the control
points creating two least-square-fit equations to translate the image coordinates
into map coordinates.
A 1st order transformation shifts the image up, down, right, or left, stretches the
image larger or smaller, or rotates the entire image.
The 2nd and 3rd order transformations fit higher order polynomial equations to
the data, allowing points to be shifted in a non-uniform manner.
Most of the time either a 1st or 2nd order will suffice. Try all three and choose
the one that works best.
5. Saving Changes
When you are satisfied with the georeferencing process, three options for saving
changes are offered:

 As a text file
You can load the text file when you need to have the image georefenced again.

 From the Link Table, select Save.

 As an .aux file
This saves the changes in a file readable by ESRI products.

 From the Georeferencing toolbar, select Update Georeferencing.

 As a World file
This creates a new image (either TIFF, ESRI Grid, or ERDAS Imagine) with the
coordinates stored. Use this option if you plan on using the image with other
software.

 From the Georeferencing toolbar, select Rectify.

4. DIGITIZATION
4.1. DIGITIZATION OF OLD SHORELINE2
1. To create a new shapefile, open ArcCatalog by clicking the ArcCatalog button
in an open ArcMap project.
2. Navigate the directory structure to the left of the window and single-click the
directory that you would like to create the new shapefile in.

2 http://gif.berkeley.edu/documents/Creating a new shapefile and digitizing basics in ArcMap.pdf

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Right-click in the directory and choose New> shapefile.

3. In the Create New Shapefile Dialog, choose a file name, the type of file (point,
line or polygon), and choose a projection by clicking the edit... button. Choose the
Select... button in the Spatial Reference Properties dialog to choose the desired
projection from a list. Although ArcMap can “project on the fly” it is important to
use the same projection for all map layers in a project in order to preserve
accuracy. Click OK twice.

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4. The new shapefile may now be opened in an ArcMap project and used for on-
screen digitizing.
5. There are numerous options available in ArcMap in terms of on-screen
digitizing. This guide will only introduce the very basics in order to facilitate use.
In an open project, load a base layer (satellite image, topo map, dem...) and the
newly created shapefile.
6. Bring up the Editor toolbar by right-clicking anywhere on the top button bar of
ArcMap and choosing Editor. Make sure the new shapefile is listed as the Target,
and Create New Feature is listed as the Task. Click the Editor button, and choose
Start Editing. This activates the bar, and the Pencil tool may be used to edit new
features.

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 For a line, single-click each node and double-click to finish. For a point, click once
for each feature. Choose stop digitizing in the Editor button when complete.

4.2. DIGITIZING THE GOOGLE EARTH SHORELINE

There are circumstances that some of the shoreline is not reachable and that
GPS data is not available. Google Earth latest imagery can be digitized and use
to supplement data gaps.

13
1. Open the google earth application and zoom to the area of interest.

2. Zoom to the area that you will digitize for accuracy. Click add path and the
New Path dialogue box will appear. Type the name of your shoreline and start
digitizing the shoreline. If you reach the edge of the graphic window pan the

map and continue digitizing. Click OK in the New Path dialogue box.

3. Save the path in your folder by Clicking File > Save> Save Place As, and
name your path.

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4. If you want to reedit the path in future session then click File> Open and enter
the filename.

5. Right click the Path> Properties and continue editing. Save again.

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4.3. IMPORT THE .KMZ FILE TO ARCMAP
In order to do GIS analysis on such data and incorporate them into your ArcMap
project you will need to import such data into ArcMap.
1. Toolbox> Conversion Tools KML To Layer

2. Input KML/KMZ File that was created in Google Earth, the output folder and
the name of output.

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The output is a file geodatabase with a WGS_84 Geographic Coordinate.

3. Convert the file geodatabase to shape files.

Toolbox>Conversion Tools>To shapefile>Feature Class to Shape File (multiple)

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4. Geographic Transformation. The output shapefile is in GCS WGS_84 and
should be transformed to PTM Zone 3.
Toolbox> Data Management Tools> Projections and Transformations> Projection

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 The Output would be offset to the NW.

5. CREATION OF SHORELINE FROM DTM

(IFSAR)

A digital terrain model (DTM) can be described as a three – dimensional

representation of a terrain surface consisting of X, Y, Z coordinates stored in
digital form. It includes not only heights and elevations but other geographical
elements and natural features such as rivers, ridge lines, etc. A DTM is effectively
a DEM that has been augmented by elements such as breaklines and

19
observations other than the original data to correct for artifacts produced by using
only the original data. With the increasing use of computers in engineering and
the development of fast three-dimensional computer graphics the DTM is
becoming a powerful tool for a great number of applications in the earth and the
engineering sciences including the shoreline delineation.

1. Add the DTM raster to the ArcMap.

2. Click Toolbox> Spatial Analyst Tools> Surface> Contour List

3. Enter values to the Input Raster, Output polyline features and contour value =
0.

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4. The contour_0 polylines will be displayed in the graphic window. But these
are not all shorelines. Fish ponds, swamps and other low elevation
geomorphologic features are present and must be deleted.

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5. Edit the contour_0 polylines. Right click contour_0>Edit Features>Start
Editing.

6. Delete unwanted polylines by selecting and deleting. Click on the polyline

then press delete.

Select:

Press delete on your keyboard or Right Click> Delete. Repeat to other polylines.

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6. IMPORT THE GPS DATA
6.1. CONVERT GPX TO SHAPEFILES
This tool converts the point information inside a GPX file into features. The output
features will include the geometry (including elevation or Z-value) as well as
attribute fields for Name, Description, Type, DateTimeS (string type), Elevation,
and DateTime (date type - if possible). Shapefiles do not support Date-Time
fields, they only support Date fields. Output shapefiles will only have a DateTime
field of type string created. All other output format types will attempt to create a
real DateTime field as long as the date format complies to the XML Time
standard. Most GPX files follow the XML Time standard.

1. Toolbox> Conversion Tools > GPX

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2. Convert the coordinate system from WGS84 to PTM 3.

The output shapefile will be offset to the NW.

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7. ADD ALL SHORELINES TO LAYER AND
ANALYZE
Now that we have all the historical shoreline, we analyze visually the resulting
layers. We add all the shorelines to the layers.

In the above map, we can see that the IFSAR, Google Earth and the GPS
shorelines are close to its other, meaning that our ground truthing survey is very
satisfactory and give as confidence of the accuracy of all the data.

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8. EDIT AND MERGE GPS DATA
1. Edit the GPS data polylines so that it is connected to each other and close to
touch the Old Shoreline. Use either the GPS or Google Earth as guide.
Right click gps_ptm3> Edit Features> Start Editing

2. Select the features and Click Edit Vertices. Connect the endpoint to the next
line. Repeat process until all lines is connected.

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9. CREATE POLYGONS USING TWO
SHORELINES
Polygon should be created so that we will be able to compute for the hectarage of
the eroded and accreted portion in each barangay.

1. Toolbox> Features> Features to Polygon

27
The output are polygons representing the shoreline movement.

28
2. Add Type_ field to polygon features

Right Click shoreline_polygon> Open Attribute Table > Add field

Close.

3. Right Click shoreline_polygon> Edit Feature> Start Editing

4. Right Click shoreline_polygon> Open Attribute Table > Zoom to Selected

29
5. Determine whether the polygon is erosion or accretion and enter to S_Type the
value.

6. Repeat in next polygon until all polygon had been filled up.

30
7. Check if all the polygon had the right value by color coding.

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10. SPLIT POLYGON INTO ACCRETION AND
EROSION POLYGON.
1. Toolbox> Analysis Tools> Select

2. In the Select dialogue box fill up the Input feature (shoreline_polygon) and
the Output Feature Class (accretion_). In the query builder type “S_Type” =
‘accretion’. Click OK.

32
The output is a polygon in accreted areas.

33
3. In the Select dialogue box fill up the Input feature (shoreline_polygon) and
the Output Feature Class (erosion_). In the query builder type “S_Type” =
‘erosion’. Click OK.

The out polygon is in the eroded areas.

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11. CALCULATION OF THE ACCRETION
AND EROSION HECTARAGE PER BARANGAY.
1. Add the Barangay Administrative Map.
2. Intersect the barangay map with the accretion_ polygon.

35
The attribute table of the intersected polygons look like this. Shape_Area is the
area of each polygon in square meters.

36
 To compute for Hectarage: Open the Attribute Table > Right Click on
Shape_Area > Calculate Geometry. In Units dialogue box select Hectares [ha].

The area is now in hectares

37
3. Repeat the procedure for erosion_ polygon.

12. DATA PREPARATION FOR DSAS USE

The Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) is an ArcGIS extension that
computes rate-of-change statistics from multiple historic shoreline positions
residing in a GIS. It is freely downladable in
https://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/project-pages/DSAS/version4/index.html.

For detail explanation of each topic please refer to the DSAS Installation
Instructions and User’s Guide.

12.1. SHORELINE PREPARATION

All DSAS input data must be manage within the personal geodatabase and must
be in the same projected coordinate system. That means that all shapefiles and
file geodatabase must be converted to personal database.

1. Create New personal geodatabase. In the Catalog Window Right Click on the
Home Folder > New > Personal Geodatabase

38
2. Convert the four shoreline features to personal database. Toolbox >
Conversion Tools > To Geodatabase.

39
2. Add the DATE_ (Text) and UNCERTAINTY (Short Integer) field to all the
shoreline features.

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 3. Enter DATE_ value in mm/dd/yyyy format. UCT value is the uncertainty field.
For standalone GPS reading this is usually 3.

12.2. APPENDING SHORELINES.

All shorelines positions that are to be used in the change-rate analysis must
reside in a single feature class in the geodatabase

1. Copy any of the shoreline feature. In Catalog Window right click on the
feature you want to copy.

41
The Data transfer window will appear once the copied features class has been
pasted into the Geodatabase. Choose a target name to indicate that this copy
will represent the shoreline data to be appended.

2. Open the Append tool from Toolbox. Data Management Tools > General >
Append

42
Append and add all the shoreline feature classes except for the copied shoreline.

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12.3. BASELINE CREATION
DSAS uses a measurement baseline method to calculate rat of change statistics
for a time series of shorelines. The baseline is constructed by the user and
serves as the starting point for all transect. The transect intersect each shoreline
and the measurement point is used to calculate the shoreline change rate.

1. Buffer the Oldest shoreline in this case, the shoreline digitized from NAMRIA
map 1:50000.

Geoprocessing > Buffer

The output is a polygon.

44
2. Convert polygon to line. In toolbox Feature > Polygon to Line

45
The output is a polyline.

46
3. Edit the polyline and remove the unwanted segment.

Using the Editor’s Split Tool , split the line and remove the unwanted segments.

The Baseline should look like the one below.

47
4. Add the attribute field requirement for Baseline. Please refer to the User’s
Guide for detailed explanation of each field. The additional required field are Id,
Group_, OFFshore, and CastDir.

48
a. Add the Id Field

b. Add the Group_ Field

49
c. Add the OFFshore Field

50
d. Add CastDir Field

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 5. Enter values for each added field. Refer to User’s Guide p17 for the right
values to be entered.

13. DSAS WORKFLOW

Now that we have created the required geodatabase for DSAS and all the
necessary feature classes have been added and properly attributed, we can now
use the DSAS application with in the ArcMap.

13.1. SET DEFAULT PARAMETERS

1. Cast Transect Setting

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2. Shoreline Calculation Setting

53
3. Metadata Setting

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13.2. CAST TRANSECTS

The transect output and attribute table are shown below.

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56
13.3. CALCULATE STATISTICS
Once the transect feature has been created and all updates or modifications have
been made, the data can be used to compute change statistics.

1. On the DSAS Toolbar Enter the Transect Layer then click Calculate Change
Statisitics.

2. Check the Statistics to Calculate. Click Calculate.

Two tables were created as shown below.

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13.4. CLIPPING TRANSECT TO THE SHORELINE
CHANGE ENVELOPE (SCE)
The Clip to Shoreline Change Envelope function will create a copy of the original
transects clipped to the SCE extent.

Click the scissor tool in the DSAS Tool bar

Input the transect layer and Intersect table to use.

TRANSECT_1 was created as shown below.

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13.5. VIEW RESULT SPATIALLY

To display the statisitical calculation output spatially in ArcMap, join the transect
feature class by the ObjectID field to the rates statistic table by the TransectID.

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60
The Transect_1 feature has the statistical rate value and can be display
graphically as shown below:

Right Click the Transect_1 > Layer Properties < Symbology

Use the EPR field to display the yearly rate ranges.

The EPR can now be displayed graphically with the positive value representing
the accreted areas and negative values representing the eroded areas.

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14. JOIN THE ACCRETION AND EROSION
BARANGAY INTERSECT WITH THE CHANGE
RATE
In order to be able to present the Change Rate data in the barangay level, the
accretion and erosion polygon that were intersected with barangay boundary
have to be join with the Change Rate Statistics data

14.1. EROSION

1. Right click the bgy_erosion layer > Join and Relates > Join…

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Join data base on spatial location and check minimum.

2. Categorized the polygons base on the EPR. Right click on the layer >
Properties > Symbology

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14.2. ACCRETION
1. Right click on the bgy_accretion layer> Join and Relates > Join…

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Join data base on spatial location and check maximum

2. Categorized the polygons base on the EPR. Right click on the layer >
Properties > Symbology

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15. ADDITIONAL MAP LAYERS
15.1. ADD BACKGROUND
1. Add the georeferenced Google Earth imagery.

66
 Repeat 1 until all the quadrangles have been fill up as shown below.

15.2. ADD ROAD LAYER

Philippine roads, building foot prints, places, etc. can be downloaded from the
http://download.geofabrik.de/asia/philippines.html

67
1. Download the file.

2. Unzip and the following files will be available for ArcGIS layer.

68
 Road shape
files

3. Clip the gis_osm_road_a_free_1.shp.

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15.3. ADD CONTOUR
Contour will be derived from IFSAR DTM.

1. Create minor contour with 10 meters interval.

70
2. Create major contour with 50 meters interval

3. Label the major contour

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16. MAP LAYOUT SPECIFICATION
Paper size 24 x 36 inches (ARC D)
Orientation Landscape
Scale 1:10,000
Map Window dimension 3’ x 3’ @ 1:10,000
Title ACCRETION AND EROSION MAP
Font Arial bold
Font Size 36
Justification Center
Low Center Anchor point X,Y 29, 22.5
Sub title 1 Map Name
Font Arial
Font size 28
Justification Center
Low Center Anchor point X,Y 29, 22.1
Sub title 2 Map No.
Font Arial
Font size 28

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 Justification Center
Low Center Anchor point X,Y 29, 22.7
North Arrow ESRI North 7
Size 115
Low Center Anchor point X,Y 29, 20
Coordinate System Dynamic Text
Font Arial
Font size 12
Low Center Anchor point X,Y 29, 17.8
Scale Alternating Scale Bar 1
Number of division 4
Number of subdivision 5
Label position Below center
Label Kilometer
Low Center Anchor point X,Y 29,16.5
Legend
Items Accretion rate
Erosion rate
Barangay Boundary
Contour major
Contour minor
Shorelines
Road
Width 5.8
Height 3
Low Center Anchor point X,Y 29, 9
Accretion rate colors
Low Solar Yellow
Moderate Quetzel Green
High Ultra Blue

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 Erosion Rate Colors
Low Rose Quartz
Moderate Poinsettia red
High Dark umber
Barangay boundary
Color Yogo Blue
Line Neighborhood Boundary
Contour major Contour topographic index
Contour minor Contour topographic intermediate
Shorelines Colors
GPS Amethyst
NAMRIA Mars Red
IFSAR Leaf green
Google Earth Lapis lazuli
Road Road.lyr
Office Logo
Low Center Anchor point X,Y 29, 2
Survey Location Map
Low Center Anchor point X,Y 26, 5
Width 5
Height 5
Title Survey Location Map
Low Center Anchor point X,Y 26, 4.5
Font, size Arial, 12
Quadrangle Location Map
Low Center Anchor point X,Y 32, 5
Width 5
Height 5
Title Quadrangle Location Map
Low Center Anchor point X,Y 31, 4.5

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 Font, size Arial, 12

16.1. MAP LAYOUT

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