AUTOMATIC GARAGE DOOR

OPENER SYSTEM
1.1Abstract
In today's world, security, safety and convenience become more important
than ever. As the dependency on technology increases, people require the ability to
think less about menial tasks and concentrate on other relevant issues. This type of
demand can only be met by a system capable of quickly, accurately, and reliably
interpreting the needs of the user and implementing appropriate actions self-
sufficiently.
The Automatic Garage Door Opener System will exploit the use of current
technologies to provide such a system. The general concept behind the AGDOS is
to implement a system where the user is no longer primarily responsible for
determining the action, but instead a command module monitors the action the
garage door needs to be performing and makes the appropriate adjustments.
2 INTRODUCTION
2.1 Background

This section will give a general background of the general garage opening
problem, a technical description of the problem and what the solution is to be. It will
explain the operating environment, the intended users, and assumptions and
limitations the team was faced with during the project duration.
The uses of garage doors can go back to 450 BC when chariots were kept
in it, its uses increased extensively around 20th century when expensive motorized
vehicles came into existence and its safety became a concern for its users.
Evidences suggests that upward lifting garage door was invented in 1906 and the
developments in these doors progressed since then, like ease in its uses and in its
working mechanisms. They also got motorized in later years.

After the huge progress made in the field of electronics that touched
everything of our basic necessities, garage doors was not an exception. Several
garage doors are available that can be opened with remote control and they come
with various safety measures for the users. So the advantages and disadvantages
of various existing types of garage doors are observed and one model is selected
for further development in the project.

The various types of existing garage doors are:

• Sectional Doors
• Flex-A-Door
• Rolling Doors

.
2.1.1 Sectional Door

They are created out of various inflexible segments/boards that are

pivoted together and move vertically in the opening, then evenly along the roof,
guided by tracks and balanced spring.

The Sectional garage door offers the best level of stylish flexibility. It
includes various vast segments or boards.

Fig. – 2.1.1: Image shows the view of a Sectional Door from inside of the Garage.

Advantages of Sectional Garage Door:

• They open upwards and run parallel to the roof.

• Unlike the customary "tilt" doors, they don't swing outwards to open.

• Vehicles could be stopped straight up to the front of the garage door without
blocking its opening.

• In instance of any harm, areas or boards could be supplanted independently.

• Require little headroom.

2.1.2 Flex-A-Door

They are made from a durable Roll-A-door curtain which is fitted on a

curving track – that slides from a vertical position up into a horizontal position,
close to the ceiling.

It is especially suited to applications where there is not the headroom for a

rolling door, or where a smoother, easier to use solution is required to replace an
existing tilt door.

Advantages of Flex-A-Door:

• Suitable for low headroom.

• Great for accommodating vehicles that require extra height.

• They open upwards and parallel to the ceiling.

• Vehicles can be parked right in front of the garage door.

Fig.-2.1.2: Image shows the view of a flex-a-door from inside of the Garage.

2.1.3 Rolling Door

They consist of a ribbed steel shutter that moves vertically while opening and
rolls up and around the drum, guided by tracks and counterbalanced with springs.

They are particularly suitable for garages where there is plenty of headroom
above the opening and where an old-fashioned look is required.
Fig.-2.1.3: Image shows the view of a rolling garage shutter.
2.2 Motivation

• Safety of the vehicles.

• Ease in handling the system.
• Ease in uses.
• Opening the garage door while sitting in the car.
• Making the existing mechanisms less complicated.
• Safety of the users.
• Making these doors automatic.
• Affordable price.

2.3 Problem Statement

The current issue burdening most users as they leave their homes is the
inquiry, "Did I close my garage door?" As an immediate consequence of this
puzzlement, the user is frequently compelled to return over to their home to
wiretap the status of their garage door. This kind of issue expenses the users a
migraine, as well as amazingly valuable time they could have set somewhere else.

The second issue confronted by Indian sub-landmass individuals is

opening the garage door physically. Pushing and pulling the garage door
physically is a monotonous undertaking that devours both vitality and time.

This task is focused for taking care of both the issues and giving an idea to
remote controlled garage door that is reasonable by the clients.

This task is focused around a framework that might figure out whether the
garage door ought to be shut naturally after leaving the home. This will be
achieved using a few gadgets observed by an expert summon module. These
gadgets incorporate a door sensor, light sensor, a micro-controller, an impediment
sensor, a four-catch principle controller, a four catch remote control, and
attractive sensors.

The mounting of these gadgets will introduce straightforwardly upon the

current garage door framework and ought to not the slightest bit meddle with the
best possible working of the garage door.
General Dimensional Requirements for the garage door are:

The accompanying measurements are to be dealt with while introducing a

computerized garage door

• Measurement of door opening width and height. This determines the size
of door needed, and the rough opening should be the same size as the
door.

• Measurement of the clearance (side room) on the left and right side of the
garage door opening. There needs to be at least 3-3/4" clearance on either
side to accommodate the installation of the vertical track for standard
extension spring and standard torsion spring systems. Specialized
extension and torsion spring systems may require more side room.

• Measurement of the headroom - distance between the top of the door

opening (jamb header) and the ceiling (or floor joist). Standard extension
and torsion spring systems generally require 10" to 12" of headroom.
Additional headroom is required for installation of an automatic garage
door opener.

• Measurement of the backroom - distance is measured from the garage

door opening toward the back wall of the garage. Door height plus 18" is
required. Additional backroom may be required for installation of an
automatic garage door opener.
 Fig.-2.3: Image shows the dimensional requirements needed for a Garage Door [2].

The least space required among the three garage doors is by Sectional Door
and the least amount of power required for automatically lifting the garage door
by motor is taken by Sectional Garage Door.

2.4 Literature Review

The creation is all the more especially concerned with instrument for
working doors for garages and so forth which are mounted for development from
a shut vertical position to an open overhead level position, and the other way
around.

An essential object of the creation is to give door working instrument of the

general character above alluded to which is generally straightforward in
development, promptly versatile for utilization with existing doors and which is
profoundly productive and tried and true in operation. The enhanced component is
generally basic in development, exceptionally productive in operation, and offers
least infringement upon the typical space inside the building having a door gave the
instrument.

A sectional door embodying a majority of areas urgently associated at

contiguous edges for relative development of the segments in the development
of the door between vertical shut and level open positions. The door is given
rollers at each of its inverse side edges for go in a channel track including a
vertical segment and an overhead level area united with the vertical area
through a bended area. The roller captivating tracks are arranged at inverse
sides of the door opening which is characterized by a casing. An engine
supporting plate is settled to the bars halfway their closures and on which is
suitably secured an electric engine. A channel iron is arranged transversely of
the point bars middle their inverse closures and the engine 14 and is inflexibly
secured to the more level countenances of the bars.

The drive shaft is given at each one end thereof with a sprocket adapt
whose teeth are locked in inside openings in a longitudinally expanding
punctured track. The punctured tracks are arranged at inverse sides of the casing
and parallel therewith and such tracks are underpinned from roof pillars as by
method for suitable grapple parts. The engine is of the reversible sort and in the
establishment of the instrument suitable stop and switching switches are given,
the switches in essence shaping no some piece of the creation.

In operation; with the door shut, upon empowerment of the engine, the
edge will be brought about to go from the full line to the dabbed line position
with ability to turn about the hub of the drive shaft and the door will be moved to
the vacant position. The door in its vacant position is arranged over the highest
point of the door opening whereby affect therewith is significantly completely
dodged.

In a complete establishment, the punctured tracks are arranged nearly

nearby inverse sides of the casing. Where the door roller engage able tracks are
now mounted, the punctured tracks may be mounted on the roller tracks through
interceding separating components. With this plan, on the other hand, longer
drive shafts are obliged and such more drive shafts ideally have their inverse
closures rotatable backed in heading underpinned by suitable parallel
expansions of the edge.

3. Design of Garage Door

3.1 Sectional Garage Door
Sectional doors are usually slide horizontal manner. Sectional doors have some
distinct advantages over single panel monolithic doors, which are:

• Wider Space

Sectional doors require very little space outside the garage to open. A vehicle may
park very close to the garage before opening the door.

• Reliability

Each section of a sectional door has its own link to the door track. This increases
consistency and robustness as compared to monolithic doors.

• Space Saving
Sectional garage doors open horizontally and they are suspended under the
ceiling to sustain any additional space. This constructional method means one
can take full advantage of the space inside and outside of the garage for parking.

3.2 Materials Used

Garage doors can be made out of many materials, steel, aluminum, wood,
copper, glass and vinyl (polyethylene) are the most popular ones. A few
manufacturers make garage doors by putting foamed-in-place polyurethane
insulation in panels and sectional garage doors.

3.3 Main Parts

 Lead Screw- It is a screw used as a link into the machine, to convert
rotational motion into linear motion. Because of the large area of sliding
contact between their male and female members, screw threads have larger
frictional energy losses compared to other linkages. They are not typically
used to carry high power, but more for intermittent use in low power
actuator and positioner mechanisms.
 Fig. Image shows a rendered model in solid works of a lead screw.

 A DC Motor - A DC motor is any of a class of rotary electrical machines

that converts direct current electrical energy into mechanical energy. The
most common types rely on the forces produced by magnetic fields. Nearly
all types of DC motors have some internal mechanism, either
electromechanical or electronic, to periodically change the direction of
current flow in part of the motor

Fig. Image shows a rendered model in solid works of a DC motor.

 Pulley - A pulley is a wheel on an axle or shaft that is designed to support

movement and change of direction of a taut cable, supporting shell is referred to
as a "block."
A pulley may also be called a sheave or drum and may have a groove or
grooves between two flanges around its circumference. The drive element of
a pulley system can be a rope, cable, belt, or chain that runs over the pulley
inside the groove or grooves
Fig. Image shows a rendered model in solid works of a Pulley.
4. Operation

 In this prototype the working principle used is different and easier in

functioning from the one contemporarily used for the Garage.

 Here, a lead screw is coupled with the motor. Lead screw has a nut whose
rotational movement is fixed i.e. it will not show any rotational movement
when door will rotate. So there will be a lateral movement of the bolt along
with the lead screw and the door is attached with the bolt, so the bolt will pull
to open or push to close the door.

 Therefore, when power is supplied to the motor, it will rotate together with
the coupled screw and nut meshed with the screw will make translational
motion and the door will open or close depending on the direction of motion
of the motor.

 Therefore, when power is supplied to the motor, it will rotate together with
the coupled screw and nut meshed with the screw will make translational
motion and the door will open or close depending on the direction of motion
of the motor.
5. Fabrication of Garage Door Opener

5.1. Parts and Specifications:

 Sheet– 1 piece of Acrylic sheet are required for the basic structure of the
garage door system.
 Dimension: 300mm X 300mm
 Quantity: 1

Fig. Image shows a rendered drawing in solid works of a Base Plate.

 Metal Plate- 1 piece of Aluminum are required for wall of garage door
system.
 Dimension:230mm X 168mm
 Quantity:1
 Fig. Image shows a rendered drawing in solid works of a Wall.

 Door- 1 piece of Acrylic sheet are used for door of garage door system.

 Dimension: 80mm X 120mm

 Quantity:1

Fig. Image shows a rendered drawing in solid works of a Door.

 Supporting Clamps-4 piece of L-clamps of mild steel are required for

supporting action between base plate and wall.
 Dimension: (30mm X 30mm) X 2 times
 Quantity:4
 Fig. Image shows a rendered drawing in solid works of L-clamps.

 Lead Screw and Nut- A lead screw is used to be coupled with pulley. Also a
nut is needed with the lead screw for movement purpose.

 Dimension: 280 mm length.

 Quantity:1

Fig. Image shows a rendered drawing in solid works of Lead.

 Dimension of nut: 15 mm diameter.

 Quantity:1
 Pulley- Pulley which is used for rotating lead screw with motor. Also
transmitting power through belt.
 Quantity: 2

Fig. Image shows a rendered drawing in solid works of Lead Shaft Pulley.

Fig. Image shows a rendered drawing in solid works of Motor Shaft Pulley.

 Clamps of Lead screw: This is used for give support to lead screw.
 Fig. Image shows a rendered drawing in solid works of Clamps of Shaft.

Fig. Image shows a rendered drawing in solid works of Clamps of Shaft.

 Belt- A flat belt used for garage door system.

 Dimension: 350 mm length.
 Width: 6mm.
  Thickness: 3mm

 Motor: 12 v DC motor which is used for garage door system.

 Specification: 1000 RPM.
 Quantity:1

5.2 Working Principle

In this prototype the working principle used is different and easier in functioning
from the one contemporarily used for the Garage.
Here, a lead screw is coupled with the motor. Lead screw has a nut whose rotational
movement is fixed i.e. it will not show any rotational movement when door will
rotate. So there will be a lateral movement of the bolt along with the lead screw and
the door is attached with the bolt, so the bolt will pull to open or push to close the
door.
Therefore, when power is supplied to the motor, it will rotate together with the
coupled screw and nut meshed with the screw will make translational motion and
the door will open or close depending on the direction of motion of the motor.

Therefore, when power is supplied to the motor, it will rotate together with the
coupled screw and nut meshed with the screw will make translational motion and
the door will open or close depending on the direction of motion of the motor.

6. Conclusion and Future Work

After working on this project, it can be concluded that among various garage shutters
available, sectional garage door is the most efficient, convenient, useful and requires
minimum space for installation.
Various mechanisms for the operation of Sectional Garage Door are studied. One of
them is selected for prototype development purpose.

6.1 Scope of Future work:

• Controlling the opening and closing of the door with remote control which
involved integration of signal receivers which will actuate the motor and give
instruction to open or to close.
• Light sensor can be used for detecting the lighting condition of the garage.
• Magnetic sensor can be used in the door for detecting whether there is any
obstacle in between the floor and the door when the door is in open condition. If
there is any obstacle then the door will be prevented from closing.

7. References

[1] http://www.thegaragedoorcentre.co.uk/automateexistingdoors.php

[2] http://www.overheaddoor.com/commercial-
doors/Documents/brochures/sectional-steeldoor-systems-brochure.pdf

[3] http://www.homedepot.ca/know-how/buying-guides/garage-doors

[4] http://www.bnd.com.au/

[5] http://garages.about.com/od/buildingagarage/a/A-Guide-To-Garage-Door-
Size.htm

[6] http://hartmangroup.com.au/Baston%20Sectional%20Garage%20Door%20instr
uction.pdf
[7] https://www.google.com/patents/US2790635?dq=garage+doors&hl=en&sa=X
&ei=f8BrU
SIMm0uASrsoKACA&sqi=2&pjf=1&ved=0CDUQ6AEwAA