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Yarn supplier selection using analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and standardized

unitless rating (SUR) method on textile industry


M. H. Erfaisalsyah, A. Mansur, and A. U. Khasanah

Citation: AIP Conference Proceedings 1902, 020011 (2017);


View online: https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5010628
View Table of Contents: http://aip.scitation.org/toc/apc/1902/1
Published by the American Institute of Physics
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Department of Industrial Engineering, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

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3rd International Materials, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering Conference (MIMEC2017)


AIP Conf. Proc. 1902, 020011-1–020011-8; https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5010628
Published by AIP Publishing. 978-0-7354-1590-4 /$30.00

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