Ci 41 C P 27.0001 A PDF

REV DESCRIPTION DRAWN CHKS APPD DATE
OWNER
HIDROELÉCTRICA LA CONFLUENCIA S.A.

KEY MAP
LA CONFLUENCIA
HYDROPOWER PROJECT
CONTRACTOR
DESIGNER
LEADING DESIGN
TITLE
LA CONFLUENCIA
DETAILED DESIGN REPORT. LINING FOR THE SWELLING

CONDITIONS IN THE PORTILLO TUNNEL
REDACTED CHECKED BY APPROVED BY SCALE
E.Chávez See drawing
NAME D. Santos J. M. Galera G. Ibarra
A. Jiménez
DATE 15.12.2011 21.12.2011 22.12.11 SIZE A4
DRAWING No. MAIN LOCATION PHASE DOC. DRWG No. REVISION
CATEGORY TYPE
CI 41 C P 27.0001 A
Contacts
SUBTERRA INGENIERIA Ltda. SUBTERRA INGENIERIA, S.L. SUBTERRA PERÚ SAC
José M. Infante, 2802 Vallehermoso, 30. Bajo A. General Belisario Suárez, 1280
Ñuñoa – Santiago de Chile. Chile. 28015 Madrid. España. Miraflores. Lima 18. Perú
T./ +56 – 2 651 7670 T./ +34 91 534 05 30 T./ +511 440 6868
F./ +56 – 2 651 7672 F./ +34 91 533 14 75 F./ +511 440 6656
chile@subterra-ing.com info@subterra-ing.com peru@subterra-ing.com
Erik Chávez, Geological Eng.

echavez@subterra-ing.com
Adela Jiménez, Geological Eng.

ajimenez@subterra-ing.com
Daniel Santos, Civil Eng.

dsantos@subterra-ing.com
José Miguel Galera, Ph. D. Mining Eng.

Mobile +34 606 45 12 89
Mobile +56 9 959 36 015
jmgalera@subterra-ing.com
Guillermo Ibarra, Civil Eng.

Tel. +56 2 223 2776
Mobile: +56 9 982 20 621
gibarra@subterra-ing.com
LINING FOR THE SWELLING CONDITIONS IN THE PORTILLO
TUNNEL
INDEX
1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................... 1
2. ANALISYS AND SELECTION OF THE TUNNEL SECTIONS TO BE LINED................................. 2
2.1. DATA FROM THE TUNNEL CONSTRUCTION ............................................................................. 3
2.2. MAIN OBSERVATIONS DONE DURING THE VISIT TO THE TUNNEL AND SUMMARY OF
SWELLING TEST ..................................................................................................................................... 5
3. SWELLING CONCRETE LINING TYPES ........................................................................................ 7
4. WORK METHODOLOGY .................................................................................................................. 9
5. REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN ............................................................................................. 15
5.1. BASES OF CALCULATION ......................................................................................................... 15
5.1.1. INSTRUCTION AND NORMATIVE APPLIED ...................................................................... 15
5.1.2. MATERIALS PROPERTIES ................................................................................................. 15
5.1.3. ACTIONS .............................................................................................................................. 16
5.1.4. MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS FOR THE STEEL QUANTITY ............................................... 16
5.2. RESULTS ..................................................................................................................................... 16
5.2.1. LINING A............................................................................................................................... 16
5.2.2. LINING B............................................................................................................................... 17
5.2.3. LINING C .............................................................................................................................. 17
5.2.4. LINING D (OPTION 1) .......................................................................................................... 18
5.2.5. LINING D (OPTION 2) .......................................................................................................... 18
5.2.6. LINING E............................................................................................................................... 18
5.2.7. LINING F ............................................................................................................................... 19
6. MONITORING ................................................................................................................................. 20
7. CONCLUSIONS .............................................................................................................................. 23
LIST OF TABLES
Table 2.I.- Zoning and swelling pressures suggested by HLC ............................................................. 2

Table 2.1.I.- Main data obtained during the tunnel construction. .......................................................... 4
Table 2.2.I.- Main observations done during the inspection. ................................................................ 6
Table 3.I.- Main construction and monitoring actions defined. ............................................................. 7
Table 4.I.- Cases studies used to define the swelling lining (EG3/EG2 zones) .................................. 10
Table 4.II.- Results of the analysis done with FLAC ........................................................................... 14
Table 3.II.- Recommended convergence sections .............................................................................. 22
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 2.2.a. Observations and data for the section between 36+540 and 36+590. ............................ 6
Figure 4.a.- Axial force on rock bolts after the invert excavation for case study 1. ............................ 11
Figure 4.b.- Horizontal displacement after the invert excavation for case study 1. ............................ 12
Figure 4.b.- Plasticity around the tunnel after the invert excavation for case study 1. ....................... 12
Figure 6.a.- Characteristics of the 5 point convergence section and of the MPBX............................. 21
Figure 6.b.- Characteristics of the 8 point convergence section (PKs 35+545, 36+565 and 36+595) 21
DRAWINGS
CI 41 CD 27.0001 SWELLING CONCRETE LINING. GEOMETRY
CI 41 CD 27.0002 SWELLING CONCRETE LINING. REINFORCEMENT (1/4)
CI 41 CD 27.0006 SWELLING CONCRETE LINING. LINING TRANSITION
CI 41 CD 27.0007 ADDITIONAL SUPPORT MEASURES. FAULT ZONE 11+730 TO 11+735
ANNEX
ANNEX 1.- PRINCIPAL STRESSES AT THE LINING
ANNEX 2.- BENDING MOMENTS, AXIAL STRESSES AND SHEAR STRESSES AT THE LINING
ANNEX 3.- SUPPORTING CALCULUS. REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN

LINING FOR THE SWELLING CONDITIONS IN THE PORTILLO
TUNNEL
1. INTRODUCTION
In some sections of the Portillo Tunnel that is one of the main two branches of La Confluencia
Hydroelectric Power Plant, the presence of expansive rocks has been detected.
These expansive materials has been detected after an intensive site investigation collecting
samples all along the tunnel and testing them in order to precise the presence of swelling
material as well as its swelling capacity.
The existence of swelling rocks could cause severe damages to the support of the tunnel and
the closure of the section considering long term behaviour.
To prevent this long term effect a lining of reinforced concrete has been designed, able to
support high pressures due to the swelling processes.
This document presents the detailed report report with the results obtained in the calculus done
to design the reinforcement lining.
LINING FOR THE SWELLING CONDITIONS IN THE PORTILLO TUNNEL -Page 1-

2. ANALISYS AND SELECTION OF THE TUNNEL SECTIONS TO BE LINED
The owner (HLC) has made three different proposals of tunnel zones to be reinforced using a
secondary concrete lining. These three proposals were done:
 First proposal (15/11/2011):14 zones with a total reinforcement length of 266 m
 Second proposal (30/11/2011):10 ones with a total reinforcement length of 267m
 Third proposal (06/12/2011): 11 zones with a total reinforcement length of 281 m
Table 2.I shows the most detailed zoning provided by HLC (second proposal), as well as the
suggested design pressures.
Table 2.I.- Zoning and swelling pressures suggested by HLC
In order to analyze this zoning, between last 8th and 9th December 2011 a site visit to Portillo
tunnel was done by Ludger Oligmüller and José-Miguel Galera.

During this visit also Erik Chavez and Pedro Meyer participated from the side of CHT, while
from HLC the people participating were Ken Wood (Tinguiririca), Gus Smith (Pacific Hydro),
Trevor Carter (Golder) and Santiago Castro (Golder). During this visit the tunnel was inspected
and all the data concerning swelling was analyzed carefully.
The development of the site visit was the following:
 Thursday 8th Dec.: analysis of the data of the 11 recommended reinforcement zones by
Tinguiririca.
 Thursday 8th Dec.: meeting with Tinguiririca staff in which they explain us the criteria
followed to establish the zones.
 Friday 9th Dec.: joined visit to the areas between P4 and P1 in the morning and between
P1 and PP after lunch.
 Friday 9th Dec.: final meeting CHT – HLC to establish the agreements.
Afterwards on Monday 12th December a teleconference meeting was held in Tinguiririca

headquarters in Santiago, with the additional presence of Thomas Schönborn (SN Power), Joe
Carvalho (Golder) and Christophe Odekerken (CHT) to establish the final conclusions.
Following the main data and observations taken concerning the swelling zoning are provided.
Basically the data comes from the tunnel construction, from the visit to the tunnel and from the
results of the test done at laboratory.
2.1. DATA FROM THE TUNNEL CONSTRUCTION
The first analysis carried done was in relation with the data obtained during the construction
(excavation and support) of the Portillo Tunnel. On Table 2.1.I the main data of the eleven
zones to be reinforced using a concrete lining proposed by Tinguiririca are shown. Specifically
in this stable the following main data are included:
 Support class and support additional existing reinforcement
 Tunnel behavior provided by construction convergence sections
 Geological and geotechnical characteristics (lithology description and RMR) provided by

the face mapping done during the construction.

Table 2.1.I.- Main data obtained during the tunnel construction.

The first main conclusion obtained is that not all the zones are located at the same geological
unit and lithology, as basically three different areas can be distinguished:
 Zones 1, 2 and 3 (between PP and P1) are located in a soil that corresponds to the
detritic non consolidated deposits of Sordo-Lucas Unit (Qb).
In the three cases the support applied was Va1 and the maximum convergence
observed was 12 mm.
 Zones 4 to 9 (between P1 and P4Ar) are located at the Coya-Machalí unit (KCMt) and in
all the cases the lithology encountered are reddish and brownish tuffs.
The supports used at these 7 areas range between IIIa and Vc. Their details are given in
Table 2.1.I.
 Zone 10 (from 11+730 to 11+740) is located at the Coya-Machalí unit (KCMa) and the
lithology are grey andesites moderately fractured, in which a 0.5 m thickness fault with
20 cm of clay exists.
The supports used at this zone are IIIa and Iva.
2.2. MAIN OBSERVATIONS DONE DURING THE VISIT TO THE TUNNEL AND
SUMMARY OF SWELLING TEST
Following in the Table 2.2.I the main data obtained during the visit are given. These data
corresponds with the observed lithology when possible, the main result tests obatained from the
lab tests and the observed visible damages in the tunnel.
A special analysis was done for the section between 36+540, as it is the tunnel section in which
major damages have been observed and also it contains the samples that have provide the
highest swelling values.
Figure 2.2.a shows all data (observations, construction data and test results) concerning these
last tunnel section.
As it can be observed, three different stretches can be defined:
 From 35+540 to 36+560, in which several damages and high swelling values are
reported.
 From 36+560 to 36+580, in which no damages exists.
 From 36+580 to 36+590, with relatively high swelling values.

TYPE TESTS
ZONE PK MAIN VISIBLE DAMAGES
(lithology) RESUME
@ 2530: 0.2 MPa, Vertical cracks on ribs + some occasional in

1 2+455 to 2+500 Soil
EG 0-2, LL 32 between
@ 2630: 0.2 MPa, Vertical cracks on ribs + some occasional in
2 2+580 to 2+594 Soil
EG 0-3, LL 34 between
@ 2700: 0.23 MPa,
EG0-1, LL34 Vertical cracks on ribs + some occasional in
3 2+675 to 2+689 Soil
@ 2750: 0.16 MPa, between
EG0-1, LL30
4b 35+505 to 35+540 Red tuffs EG 0.3, LL 25 No damage observed
SP 0.27 MPa, LL
4 36+185 to 36+218 Red tuffs 20-24,(30), EG 1-2, Two single cracks
0.1
EG 1-3, LL 57, PI Possible floor bump @36+590
5 36+540 to 36+590 Red tuffs 24, SP 1.27 MPa Water flows between 36+570 and 36+550
Wall cracks @36+545
EG 1-2 /1-3, SP
6 36+685 to 36+706 Red tuffs Concrete lining under construction
0.26/0.52 MPa
7 37+242 to 37+265 Red tuffs SP 0.67 MPa Concrete lining under construction
EG 0.2, LL 24-27,
8 39+231 to 39+255 Red tuffs Star cracks at both walls
SP 0.1 MPa
9 40+838 to 40+850 Red tuffs EG, LL, PI, all Low Small fissures
EG, LL, PI, all Low Any damage. A 20 cm clay vein is observed in
10 11+730 to 11+740 Fault (andesites)
the left wall
Table 2.2.I.- Main observations done during the inspection.
Figure 2.2.a. Observations and data for the section between 36+540 and 36+590.

3. SWELLING CONCRETE LINING TYPES
After analyzing all the data concerning the tunnel construction, the tests results and the tunnel
observations; the following Table 3.I shows the construction and monitoring actions that have
been defined.
TUNNEL LENGTH ADDITIONAL SUPPORT

CONCRETE LINING MONITORING
SECTION (m) MEASURES
2+455 to 45 --- --- Grid monitoring of invert
2+500
2+594
2+689
35 --- --- Convergence (8 p)
35+505 to
@36+545
35+540
Grid monitoring of invert
33 --- --- 2 Convergence (5 p)
36+185 to @36+185 and 36+202
36+218 Grid monitoring of invert
MPBX @36+200
50 Concrete lining for 1.0 MPa --- Convergence (8 p) @
from 36+540 to 36+560 36+565 and 36+595
36+540 to
For 0.4 MPa from 36+580 Grid monitoring of invert
36+590
to 36+590 MPBX @36+595 and
36+565
36+685 to 21 Concrete lining for 0.6 MPa --- ---
36+706
37+265
35 --- --- 2 Convergence (5 p)
@39+115 and 39+130
39+105 to
39+140
Crack monitoring
(fissuremeter)
39+231
39+231 to 24 --- --- Convergence (5 p)
39+255 @39+238
12 --- Convergence (5 p)
@40+844
40+838 to
40+850
Crack monitoring
(fissuremeter)
10 --- Fault treatment support 3 Convergence (5 p) (2
11+730 to
from 11+730 to 11+735 already installed)
11+740
Table 3.I.- Main construction and monitoring actions defined.

As a resume the following construction action were agreed to be necessary:
 Concrete lining in four sections (maximum length of 115 m):
 From 36+540 to 36+560 for a design swelling pressure of 1.25 MPa.
 From 36+685 to 36+706 for a design swelling pressure of 0.6 MPa. This section
is under construction.
 From 37+242 to 37+265 for a design swelling pressure of 0.7 MPa. This section
is under construction.
 Additional support measures for treatment of the fault between 11+735 to 730 (5 m)

4. WORK METHODOLOGY
In order to design the lining reinforcement layouts capable to resist the swelling pressures
given, FLAC 2D v6.0 code has been employed.
The methodology used to define the concrete lining basically consists in two steps.
In the first one a calibration has been done to obtain realistic and representative rock mass
parameters according to the short term behavior of the tunnel, while afterwards the future
constructive sequence (invert excavation, lining construction and application of the swelling
pressure) has been modelized.
In detail the methodology that has been used for the first step (calibration) was the following:
1. Analysis of the behavior of all the sections to be reinforced during their construction in
term of support applied and convergence measured.
2. Selection of the tunnel chainage (worst case) to be calculated for each section.
3. Calibration of the tunnel convergence measures for each tunnel section using back
analysis. The K0 (ratio between horizontal and vertical stresses) used has been in all the
cases 1.8 transversally and 1.2 longitudinally .As a result of satisfactory calibration using
back analysis techniques, representative rock mass parameters for each rock mass
class at each tunnel section were obtained. Also the main actions at the support
elements have been obtained.
Table 4.I shows all the sections chosen, their main characteristics as well as the rock mass
parameters, obtained in each case.
As it can be observed from this table the values of the real convergence measured in the tunnel
fits reasonably well with the one obtained from the model solved with FLAC, as they are values
of the same range.
The values of the strength and deformational parameters of the rock mass are in the same
range that the ones used in the design of the tunnel support.
It can be concluded that the actual state of the tunnel prior to the construction of the concrete
lining is well known and defined.

CONVERGENCE ROCK MASS PARAMETERS OBTAINED
SWELLING
CASE OVERBURDEN SUPPORT
P.K. PRESSURE Real Model K (MPa) G  C  ()
STUDY (m) CLASS
(MPa) (mm) (MPa) 3
(kN/m ) (MPa)
(mm)
1 36+560 385 Vc 1,5/1,0 34,05- 59,2 1.333,3 615,4 0,0026 0,9 30

15,05
2 2+590 167 Va1 0,8 5,41 5,81 2.993,8 2.245,4 0,00265 1,071 51
3 36+690 386 IIIa+R 0,6 7,35 4,27 11.220,2 7.725,4 0,00281 2,72 51
3b 11+740 253 IIIa 0,8 0,37-0,86 2,64 11.220,2 7.725,4 0,00281 2,72 51
4 34+250 441 Vc (IVa+R) 0,7 6,55-7,3 6,48 6.856,7 1.023,8 0,00281 1,97 46
4b 36+186 410 IVc 0,3 3,32 4,88 6.856,7 1.023,8 0,00281 1,97 46
4t 39+225 300 IVc 0,4 0,4-1,05 2,01 6.856,7 1.023,8 0,00281 1,97 46
4 sp 39+225 300 IVc 0,4 0,4-1,05 2,01 6.856,7 1.023,8 0,00281 1,97 46
5 40+840 360 IVa 0,1 1,15-1,84 2,06 9.406,7 5.644 0,00281 2,11 49
Table 4.I.- Cases studies used to define the swelling lining (EG3/EG2 zones)
Once this first stage (calibration) has been solved the future constructive sequence (invert
excavation, lining construction and application of the swelling pressure) has been modellized
using following process for each model:
1. Installation at each lattice girder of 8 m long rock bolts DSI 32/20 P anchoring them to
the rock mass.
2. Excavation of the existing RCC slab and of the future curve invert, providing an
estimation of the increment of horizontal convergence to be measured at each tunnel
section.
Figure 4.a shows the acting axial force at all the rock bolts in the worst case (Case study 1).
It can be observed that the effect of the RCC slab and the invert excavation doesn’t charge
too much these two last long rock bolts.
JOB TITLE : DISEÑO SWELLING LA CONFLUENCIA.ST Vc (*10^1)
FLAC (Version 6.00)
0.800
LEGEND
28-Nov-11 12:29
step 64791
-1.083E+01 <x< 1.034E+01
-1.066E+01 <y< 1.051E+01 0.400
Cable Plot
Axial Force on
Structure Max. Value
# 2 (Cable) -1.653E-01
0.000
# 3 (Cable) -1.464E-01
# 4 (Cable) -8.716E-02
# 5 (Cable) -9.303E-02
# 6 (Cable) -1.237E-01
# 7 (Cable) -9.443E-02
# 8 (Cable) -8.791E-02
-0.400
# 9 (Cable) -1.463E-01
#10 (Cable) -1.653E-01
#11 (Cable) -3.338E-02
#12 (Cable) -3.474E-02
Boundary plot
-0.800
0 5E 0
SUBTERRA INGENIERIA, S.L.

Madrid, SPAIN
-0.800 -0.400 0.000 0.400 0.800
(*10^1)
Figure 4.a.- Axial force on rock bolts after the invert excavation for case study 1.
Another critical parameter obtained at this stage calculation has been the measurable horizontal
deformation caused by the RCC slab demolition and invert excavation. This is a valuable figure
to be used during the lining implementation to control and monitoring of the constructive
sequence, as a round excavation length of 5 m has been modellized. This deformation value for
the worst case (Case study 1) is lesser than 1 mm. Figure 4.b shows the horizontal deformation
for this case.
JOB TITLE : DISEÑO SWELLING LA CONFLUENCIA.ST Vc
FLAC (Version 6.00) 7.000
LEGEND
5.000
28-Nov-11 13:42
step 64552
-8.233E+00 <x< 8.480E+00 3.000
-8.936E+00 <y< 7.777E+00
X-displacement contours
-4.00E-03 1.000
-3.00E-03
-2.00E-03
-1.00E-03
0.00E+00 -1.000
1.00E-03
2.00E-03
3.00E-03
-3.000
4.00E-03
Contour interval= 1.00E-03

Displacement vectors -5.000
max vector = 4.626E-03
0 1E -2
-7.000

Madrid, SPAIN
-7.000 -5.000 -3.000 -1.000 1.000 3.000 5.000 7.000
Figure 4.b.- Horizontal displacement after the invert excavation for case study 1.
Finally the plastified area around the tunnel has been also analyzed at each case in order to
know the state of the rock mass close to the tunnel perimeter and to establish the length of any
reinforcement or monitoring system around the tunnel. Figure 4.c show the plasticity obtained
in the case study 1.
JOB TITLE : DISEÑO SWELLING LA CONFLUENCIA.ST Vc (*10^1)
LEGEND 0.700
20-Dec-11 9:54
step 66682 0.500
-1.000E+01 <x< 1.000E+01
-1.000E+01 <y< 1.000E+01
0.300
state
Elastic
At Yield in Shear or Vol.
0.100
Elastic, Yield in Past
Plasticity Indicator
* at yield in shear or vol.
-0.100
X elastic, at yield in past
Cable plot
Boundary plot
-0.300
0 5E 0
-0.500
-0.700
-0.900
Madrid, SPAIN
-0.900 -0.700 -0.500 -0.300 -0.100 0.100 0.300 0.500 0.700 0.900
(*10^1)
Figure 4.b.- Plasticity around the tunnel after the invert excavation for case study 1.
Once the excavation has been modellized, the final steps have been the following:
3. Construction of the lining designed for each swelling pressure.
4. Application of the swelling pressure according to HLC requirements
As a result of all the described previous phases the existing principal stresses at the lining have
been obtained. In Annex 1 the results in terms of principal stresses for each of the nine cases
studied are provided (Figures 1 to 18).
In order to give more confidence to these results a second type of calculation was done using
structural elements (beams) for the previously described phases 3 and 4. In Annex 2 the results
in terms of bending moments, axial stresses and shear stresses diagrams for each of the nine
cases studied are provided (Figures 1 to 27).
Following in Table 4.II the maximum values of axial stresses, bending moments and shear
stresses at the vault, walls and invert are provided.
MAX CON MIN CONC MAX CONC
M N ( M N V N
LINING CLASS SECTOR
C
(kN∙m) (kN) (kN∙m) (kN) (kN) (kN)
INVERT 1016 6161 2099 5912 1860 6101
A SIDE WALLS 1446 5731 914 3746 1348 4832
VOID 93 3842 285 3931 1024 4247
INVERT 1082 4114 558 3217 286 3890
B SIDE WALLS 858 2585 373 982 875 2210
VOID 65 1830 180 1042 357 1042
INVERT 398 2593 176 299 543 3308
C SIDE WALLS 433.5 1663 210 1011 517 1686
VOID 46 1405 140 1305 288 1305
INVERT 702 161 690 1601 818 1069

D
SIDE WALLS 398 981 67 460 874 925
Option 1
VOID 2 486 8.5 349 53 349
INVERT 118 5855 168 573 69 1011

D
SIDE WALLS 136 588 55 252 244 598
Option 2
VOID 1.5 458 19 331 76 355
INVERT 10 152 10 155 40 151
E SIDE WALLS 18 74 5 52 36 75
VOID 1 605 2 534 4 467
INVERT 764 5703 4963 1200 1265 5126
F SIDE WALLS 1391 3608 434 991 1250 562
VOID 62 2357 166 1136 427 1136
Table 4.II.- Results of the analysis done with FLAC
5. REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN
After the results verification the steel reinforcement has been established. Drawings 1 to 7
shows the steel reinforcement for the final lining sections defined.
Following it is developed the design of the reinforced concrete lining in order to resist the efforts
configurations obtained.
5.1. BASES OF CALCULATION
The bases of the calculus done have been the actions included at Table 4.II. and following
below it is explained the work methodology used.
5.1.1. INSTRUCTION AND NORMATIVE APPLIED
The normative EFNARC and EHE-08 has been followed to design the reinforced concrete
lining.
5.1.2. MATERIALS PROPERTIES
The materials properties that have been considered in the reinforced concrete design are the
following:
 Concrete, invert slab and side walls
 Compression resistance: fc= 45 N/mm2
 Safety factor: gc= 1,5
 Shotcrete, vault
 Compression resistance: fc= 35 N/mm2
 Safety factor: gc= 1,5
 Steel in reinforcement
 Steel yield limit: fy= 500 N/mm2
 Safety factor: gs= 1,15
5.1.3. ACTIONS
It has not been considered a safety factor or increasing coefficient for the efforts obtained from
the FLAC calculations that have been included in Table 4.II.
At the corners, in the match between the slab and the walls there have been assumed the next
considerations to measure the efforts:
 For bending moment and axial force design it has been considered the efforts in a node
between the corner and a distance lower than the half thickness of the section.
 For shear force design it has been considered the efforts in a node between the corner
and a distance lower than one and a half thickness of the section.
5.1.4. MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS FOR THE STEEL QUANTITY
In order to prevent the cracking of the concrete because of volumetric changes it has been
established a minimum quantity of steel. So, there must be disposed a minimum steel quantity
of 0,9 ‰ percentage of the concrete section area.
In sections under bending moments, in order to prevent the brittle fracture of the steel when the
concrete achieve its traction resistance, it will be demanded the next quantity of steel:
Where As, is the steel resistant area in the section
5.2. RESULTS
Next it has been summarized the steel reinforcement disposed in each lining class. The
supporting calculi are enclosed in Annex 3.
5.2.1. LINING A
After all the analysis developed it has been established the next steel reinforcements:
 Longitudinal reinforcement: Ø16/0,30 m for the vault and Ø16/0,20 for the side walls and
invert
 Vault transversal reinforcement: Ø16/0,30 in each face
 Side walls reinforcement: Ø20/0,10 in each face
 Upper invert reinforcement: Ø20/0,10 in each face
 Stirrups: Ø16 distributed in the junctions vault-walls and walls-invert
5.2.2. LINING B
 Longitudinal reinforcement: Ø16/0,30 m for the vault and side walls and Ø16/0,25 m for
the invert.
 Interior vault transversal reinforcement: Ø16/0,30 m
 Interior side walls reinforcement: Ø16/0,10 m.
 Exterior side walls reinforcement: Ø25/0,125 m.
 Upper invert reinforcement: Ø16/0,10 m.
 Lower invert reinforcement: Ø25/0,125 m.
 Stirrups: Ø16 distributed in the junctions walls-invert .
5.2.3. LINING C
the invert.
 Interior vault transversal reinforcement: Ø16/0,30 m.
 Stirrups: Ø12 distributed in the junctions walls-invert.
5.2.4. LINING D (OPTION 1)
the invert.
 Interior vault transversal reinforcement: Ø16/0,30m.
 Stirrups: Ø16 distributed in the junctions walls-invert.
5.2.5. LINING D (OPTION 2)
the invert
 Side walls reinforcement: Ø16/0,15 m in each face.
 Invert reinforcement: Ø16/0,15 m.
5.2.6. LINING E
 Longitudinal reinforcement: Ø16/0,30 m.
 Side walls reinforcement: Ø16/0,15 m in each face.
 Invert reinforcement: Ø16/0,15 m in each face.
5.2.7. LINING F
the invert.
 Interior vault transversal reinforcement: Ø16/0,30 m
 Exterior side walls reinforcement: Ø25/0,07 m or 15 units per meter of Ø25 settled in
groups of two bars.
 Stirrups: Ø16 distributed in the junctions walls-invert .
This lining has been supplemented by deep 8 m length anchors (32/20 P), two at the invert
spaced every 0.625 m and two at each wall spaced 1.25 , in order to reach a swelling capacity
of 1.25 MPa.
6. MONITORING
In order to check the efficiency of the lining in EG3/EG2 sections and to monitor the EG2/EG1
sections, an intensive instrumentation programme is proposed.
For the above purposes four different types of monitoring have been considered:
 Multi Point Borehole Extensometer (MPBX): there are three sections in which MPBX
shall be installed:
 PK 36+565
 PK 36+595
 PK 36+200
The details of the borehole extensometer are given in Figure 6.a.
 Convergence measurement sections with two different array schemes with 5 and 8
points. The characteristics of these two different schemes are shown at Figures 3.a and
3.b.
Table 6.I shows the 5-points convergence sections recommended for the lined section as well
as for the second (EG2) and third priority areas proposed by Tinguiririca.
 Grid monitoring of the invert; in the location indicated at Table 3.I a grid monitoring of
the invert shall be done.
In al the cases the grid shall be composed by 3 longitudinal lines, one in the tunnel axis
and two laterally located at 2 m from the axis. The spacing of the monitoring references
at each line will be 2 m.
The measurements will be done using a total station.
 Fissuremeters (graticule plates): in the two locations indicated at Table 3.I, the main
cracks and fissures will be monitored using fissuremeters to follow the evolution and
aperture of these cracks.
Figure 6.a.- Characteristics of the 5 point convergence section and of the MPBX
Figure 6.b.- Characteristics of the 8 point convergence section (PKs 35+545, 36+565 and 36+595)
ZONES PK PRIORITY TYPE STATE OBSERVATIONS
2455-2500 2478 EG3 5 Points
2520 EG3 5 Points Installed

2580-2594 2587 EG3 5 Points
2675-2689 2682 EG3 5 Points
2700 EG2 5 Points

2765 EG2 5 Points
2810 EG1 5 Points
33940 EG1 5 Points
34025 EG1 5 Points
35300 EG1 5 Points
35523 EG3 5 Points

35505-35540
35545 EG3 8 Points Installed Agreeded on meeting
35900 EG2 5 Points
36185 EG3 5 points Agreeded on meeting

36185-36218 36202 EG3 Agreeded on meeting
36202 5 points Agreeded on meeting
36400 EG2
36480 EG2 5 Points
36545 EG2 5 Points

36540-36590 36565 EG3 8 Points Agreeded on meeting
36610 EG2 5 Points
36685-36706 36690 EG2 5 Points

36920 EG2 5 Points
37140 EG1 5 Points
37190 EG1 5 Points
37242-37265 37235 EG3 5 Points Installed
37330 EG1 5 Points

37383 EG1 5 Points
38060 EG1 5 Points
38900 EG1 5 Points
39020 EG2 5 Points
39050 EG2 5 Points
39083 EG1 5 Points
39115 5 Points Agreeded on meeting

39105-39140
39185 EG2 5 Points

39210-39231 39231 EG3
39231-39255 39238 5 Points Agreeded on meeting
40838-40850 40844 EG3 Agreeded on meeting

11730-11740 11735 EG3 5 Points Installed Agreeded on meeting
Table 3.II.- Recommended convergence sections
7. CONCLUSIONS
The analysis of the data during the tunnel construction, the results of the swelling lab tests an d
the tunnel inspection, allow establishing a tunnel zoning defining the section in which a concrete
lined able to support swelling pressures is necessary.
Those sections have been calculated using FLAC code and making a double checking with
elements and structural elements. After the results verification, the steel reinforcement has been
established for the three different concrete lining geometries established.
Drawings 1 to 7 show these concrete linings according to the swelling design pressure
established.
Drawing 1 defines the three geometries defined as well as the inner hydraulic section for each
one.
Drawings 2 to 5 define the lining reinforcement define for all the tunnel sections in which
swelling formation have been detected as well as for all the range of swelling pressures defined
by HLC. Drawing 6 defines the transition between the tunnel stretch lined and the supported
section.
Finally, drawing 7 define the additional support measures defined to the fault section.
As it can be observed the following solutions are given:
 Lining A: for swelling pressures up to 1.5 MPa. It consists in a curved (60 cm) structural
invert and circular walls with reinforced concrete H45 and a vault constructed with
reinforced shotcrete Sh-35.
 Lining B: for a swelling pressure ranging of 0.8 MPa. It consists in a curved (30 cm)
structural invert and inclined walls with reinforced concrete H45 and a vault constructed
with reinforced shotcrete Sh-35.
 Lining C: for a swelling pressure ranging between 0.7 and 0.6 MPa. It consists in a
curved (30 cm) structural invert and inclined walls with reinforced concrete H45 and a
vault constructed with reinforced shotcrete Sh-35, with less steel quantity than lining B.
 Lining D: for a swelling pressure ranging between 0,4 and 0,3 MPa. As it can be
observed in Drawing 2, for swelling pressures ranging form 0.4 to 0.3 MPa, two options
are given. The first one, keeping the geometry of the lining classes B and C but with a
substantive reduction in the steel reinforcement amount. And the second one,
considering the geometry of the lining class E but heavily reinforced.
 Lining E: for a swelling pressures lower than 0.1 MPa. It consists in a structural slab and
inclined walls with reinforced concrete H45 and a vault constructed with reinforced
shotcrete Sh-35.
 Lining F: for a swelling pressure of 1 MPa. It consists in a curved (30 cm) structural
invert and inclined walls with reinforced concrete H45 and a vault constructed with
reinforced shotcrete Sh-35. This section is heavily steel reinforced.
In this lining type it has been considered an alternative anchoring the lining to the deep
rock mass and increasing its capacity up to 1.25 MPa of swelling pressure.
In all the cases the concrete is H45 and the shotcrete used at the vault is Sh35.
Finally for the rest of the sections in which swelling condition EG2 and EG1 have been
encountered a complete monitoring plan has been defined.
Santiago, 15th December 2011
Adela Jiménez Erik Chávez Daniel Santos José M Galera

Geological Engineer Geological Engineer Civil Engineer Ph. D Mining Engineer
DRAWINGS
LINING FOR THE SWELLING CONDITIONS IN THE PORTILLO TUNNEL

CI 41 CD 27.0001 SWELLING CONCRETE LINING. GEOMETRY

CI 41 CD 27.0002 SWELLING CONCRETE LINING.
REINFORCEMENT (1/4)

REINFORCEMENT (2/4)

REINFORCEMENT (3/4)

REINFORCEMENT (4/4)

CI 41 CD 27.0006 SWELLING CONCRETE LINING. LINING
TRANSITION

CI 41 CD 27.0007 ADDITIONAL SUPPORT MEASURES. FAULT
ZONE 11+730 TO 11+735

ANNEX

ANNEX 1.- PRINCIPAL STRESSES AT THE LINING

JOB TITLE : DISEÑO SWELLING LA CONFLUENCIA.ST-Vc
LEGEND
2.500
3-Dec-11 21:14
step 68428
-4.000E+00 <x< 4.000E+00
-4.000E+00 <y< 4.000E+00 1.500
Maximum principal stress

-1.50E+01
-1.25E+01 0.500
-1.00E+01
-7.50E+00
-5.00E+00
-2.50E+00 -0.500
0.00E+00
Contour interval= 2.50E+00

Principal stresses -1.500
Max. Value = 6.512E+00

Min. Value = -1.706E+01
0 1E 2 -2.500
Boundary plot
0 2E 0 -3.500

Madrid, SPAIN
-3.500 -2.500 -1.500 -0.500 0.500 1.500 2.500 3.500
Figure 1.- Maximum principal stresses. ST Vc. P.K. 36+560.
LEGEND
2.500
3-Dec-11 21:14
step 68428
-4.000E+00 <x< 4.000E+00
-4.000E+00 <y< 4.000E+00 1.500
Minimum principal stress

-5.00E+00
-2.50E+00 0.500
0.00E+00
2.50E+00
5.00E+00
-0.500

Principal stresses
Min. Value = -1.706E+01 -1.500
0 1E 2
Boundary plot -2.500
0 2E 0
-3.500

Madrid, SPAIN
-3.500 -2.500 -1.500 -0.500 0.500 1.500 2.500 3.500
Figure 2.- Minimum principal stresses. ST Vc. P.K. 36+560.
SUBTERRA INGENIERÍA, S.L. | DESIGN OF THE LINING FOR THE SWELLING CONDITIONS IN THE PORTILLO TUNNEL 11
JOB TITLE : STRUCTURAL DESIGN SWELLING HLC.ST-Va1
LEGEND
2.500
3-Dec-11 13:40
step 57018
-4.000E+00 <x< 4.000E+00
-4.000E+00 <y< 4.000E+00 1.500

-1.50E+01
-1.25E+01 0.500
-1.00E+01
-7.50E+00
-5.00E+00
-2.50E+00 -0.500
0.00E+00


Min. Value = -1.718E+01
0 1E 2 -2.500
Boundary plot
0 2E 0 -3.500

Madrid, SPAIN
-3.500 -2.500 -1.500 -0.500 0.500 1.500 2.500 3.500
Figure 3.- Maximum principal stresses. ST Va1. P.K. 2+590.
LEGEND
2.500
3-Dec-11 13:40
step 57018
-4.000E+00 <x< 4.000E+00
-4.000E+00 <y< 4.000E+00 1.500

-7.50E+00
-5.00E+00 0.500
-2.50E+00
0.00E+00
2.50E+00
5.00E+00 -0.500
7.50E+00
1.00E+01
1.25E+01
-1.500

Principal stresses
Min. Value = -1.718E+01 -2.500
0 1E 2

0 2E 0
Madrid, SPAIN
-3.500 -2.500 -1.500 -0.500 0.500 1.500 2.500 3.500
Figure 4.- Minimum principal stresses. ST Va1. P.K. 2+590.
JOB TITLE : STRUCTURAL DESIGN SWELLING HLC.ST-IIIa
LEGEND
2.500
3-Dec-11 14:08
step 34682
-4.000E+00 <x< 4.000E+00
-4.000E+00 <y< 4.000E+00 1.500

-3.00E+00
-2.50E+00 0.500
-2.00E+00
-1.50E+00
-1.00E+00
-5.00E-01 -0.500
0.00E+00


Min. Value = -3.385E+00
0 2E 1 -2.500
Boundary plot
0 2E 0 -3.500

Madrid, SPAIN
-3.500 -2.500 -1.500 -0.500 0.500 1.500 2.500 3.500
Figure 5.- Maximum principal stresses. ST IIIa. P.K. 36+690.
LEGEND
2.500
3-Dec-11 14:08
step 34682
-4.000E+00 <x< 4.000E+00
-4.000E+00 <y< 4.000E+00 1.500

-7.50E-01
-5.00E-01 0.500
-2.50E-01
0.00E+00
2.50E-01
5.00E-01 -0.500
7.50E-01
1.00E+00
Contour interval= 2.50E-01 -1.500
Principal stresses
Min. Value = -3.385E+00
-2.500
0 2E 1
Boundary plot
-3.500
0 2E 0
Madrid, SPAIN
-3.500 -2.500 -1.500 -0.500 0.500 1.500 2.500 3.500
Figure 6.- Minimum principal stresses. ST IIIa. P.K. 36+690.
JOB TITLE : STRUCTURAL DESIGN SWELLING HLC. P.K. 11+740.ST-IIIa
LEGEND
2.500
3-Dec-11 14:47
step 41892
-4.000E+00 <x< 4.000E+00
-4.000E+00 <y< 4.000E+00 1.500

-6.00E+00
-5.00E+00 0.500
-4.00E+00
-3.00E+00
-2.00E+00
-1.00E+00 -0.500
0.00E+00


Min. Value = -6.466E+00
0 2E 1 -2.500
Boundary plot
0 2E 0 -3.500

Madrid, SPAIN
-3.500 -2.500 -1.500 -0.500 0.500 1.500 2.500 3.500
Figure 7.- Maximum principal stresses. ST IIIa. P.K. 11+740.
LEGEND
2.500
3-Dec-11 14:47
step 41892
-4.000E+00 <x< 4.000E+00
-4.000E+00 <y< 4.000E+00 1.500

-3.00E+00
-2.00E+00 0.500
-1.00E+00
0.00E+00
1.00E+00
2.00E+00 -0.500
3.00E+00
4.00E+00
5.00E+00
-1.500

Principal stresses
Min. Value = -6.466E+00 -2.500
0 2E 1

0 2E 0
Madrid, SPAIN
-3.500 -2.500 -1.500 -0.500 0.500 1.500 2.500 3.500
Figure 8.- Minimum principal stresses. ST IIIa. P.K. 11+740.
JOB TITLE : STRUCTURAL DESIGN SWELLING HLC.ST-IVc
LEGEND
2.500
3-Dec-11 15:02
step 44712
-4.000E+00 <x< 4.000E+00
-4.000E+00 <y< 4.000E+00 1.500

-1.00E+01
-8.00E+00 0.500
-6.00E+00
-4.00E+00
-2.00E+00
0.00E+00 -0.500

Principal stresses
Max. Value = 5.495E+00 -1.500
Min. Value = -1.131E+01
0 5E 1
-2.500
Boundary plot
0 2E 0
-3.500

Madrid, SPAIN
-3.500 -2.500 -1.500 -0.500 0.500 1.500 2.500 3.500
Figure 9.- Maximum principal stresses. ST IVc. P.K. 37+250.
LEGEND
2.500
3-Dec-11 15:02
step 44712
-4.000E+00 <x< 4.000E+00
-4.000E+00 <y< 4.000E+00 1.500

-3.00E+00
-2.00E+00 0.500
-1.00E+00
0.00E+00
1.00E+00
2.00E+00 -0.500
3.00E+00
4.00E+00
5.00E+00
-1.500

Principal stresses
Min. Value = -1.131E+01 -2.500
0 5E 1

0 2E 0
Madrid, SPAIN
-3.500 -2.500 -1.500 -0.500 0.500 1.500 2.500 3.500
Figure 10.- Minimum principal stresses. ST IVc. P.K. 37+250.
JOB TITLE : STRUCTURAL DESIGN SWELLING HLC. P.K.36+186.ST-IVc
LEGEND
2.500
3-Dec-11 15:21
step 34036
-4.000E+00 <x< 4.000E+00
-4.000E+00 <y< 4.000E+00 1.500

-2.50E+00
-2.00E+00 0.500
-1.50E+00
-1.00E+00
-5.00E-01
0.00E+00 -0.500

Principal stresses
Max. Value = 5.201E-01 -1.500
Min. Value = -2.963E+00
0 1E 1
-2.500
Boundary plot
0 2E 0
-3.500

Madrid, SPAIN
-3.500 -2.500 -1.500 -0.500 0.500 1.500 2.500 3.500
LEGEND
2.500
3-Dec-11 15:21
step 34036
-4.000E+00 <x< 4.000E+00
-4.000E+00 <y< 4.000E+00 1.500

-7.50E-01
-5.00E-01 0.500
-2.50E-01
0.00E+00
2.50E-01
5.00E-01 -0.500

Principal stresses
Max. Value = 5.201E-01 -1.500
Min. Value = -2.963E+00
0 1E 1
-2.500
Boundary plot
0 2E 0
-3.500

Madrid, SPAIN
-3.500 -2.500 -1.500 -0.500 0.500 1.500 2.500 3.500
LEGEND
2.500
3-Dec-11 15:49
step 34613
-4.000E+00 <x< 4.000E+00
-4.000E+00 <y< 4.000E+00 1.500

-3.00E+00
-2.50E+00 0.500
-2.00E+00
-1.50E+00
-1.00E+00
-5.00E-01 -0.500
0.00E+00


Min. Value = -3.351E+00
0 2E 1 -2.500
Boundary plot
0 2E 0 -3.500

Madrid, SPAIN
-3.500 -2.500 -1.500 -0.500 0.500 1.500 2.500 3.500
LEGEND
2.500
3-Dec-11 15:49
step 34613
-4.000E+00 <x< 4.000E+00
-4.000E+00 <y< 4.000E+00 1.500

-1.00E+00
-7.50E-01 0.500
-5.00E-01
-2.50E-01
0.00E+00
2.50E-01 -0.500
5.00E-01
7.50E-01
1.00E+00
1.25E+00 -1.500

Principal stresses
Max. Value = 1.367E+00 -2.500
Min. Value = -3.351E+00
0 2E 1
-3.500
Boundary plot
Madrid, SPAIN
-3.500 -2.500 -1.500 -0.500 0.500 1.500 2.500 3.500
JOB TITLE : STRUCTURAL DESIGN SWELLING HLC. P.K. 39+225.ST-IVc
LEGEND
2.500
5-Dec-11 10:23
step 31516
-4.000E+00 <x< 4.000E+00
-4.000E+00 <y< 4.000E+00 1.500

-1.00E+01
-8.00E+00 0.500
-6.00E+00
-4.00E+00
-2.00E+00
0.00E+00 -0.500

Principal stresses
Max. Value = 1.838E+01 -1.500
Min. Value = -1.134E+01
0 1E 2
-2.500
Boundary plot
0 2E 0
-3.500

Madrid, SPAIN
-3.500 -2.500 -1.500 -0.500 0.500 1.500 2.500 3.500
LEGEND
2.500
5-Dec-11 10:23
step 31516
-4.000E+00 <x< 4.000E+00
-4.000E+00 <y< 4.000E+00 1.500

-2.50E+00
0.00E+00 0.500
2.50E+00
5.00E+00
7.50E+00
1.00E+01 -0.500
1.25E+01
1.50E+01
1.75E+01
-1.500

Principal stresses
Min. Value = -1.134E+01 -2.500
0 1E 2

0 2E 0
Madrid, SPAIN
-3.500 -2.500 -1.500 -0.500 0.500 1.500 2.500 3.500
JOB TITLE : STRUCTURAL DESIGN SWELLING HLC. P.K. 40+840.ST-IVa
LEGEND
2.500
3-Dec-11 16:08
step 26571
-4.000E+00 <x< 4.000E+00
-4.000E+00 <y< 4.000E+00 1.500

-5.00E-01
-4.00E-01 0.500
-3.00E-01
-2.00E-01
-1.00E-01
0.00E+00 -0.500

Principal stresses
Max. Value = 8.289E-02 -1.500
Min. Value = -5.702E-01
0 2E 0
-2.500
Boundary plot
0 2E 0
-3.500

Madrid, SPAIN
-3.500 -2.500 -1.500 -0.500 0.500 1.500 2.500 3.500
Figure 17.- Maximum principal stresses. ST IVa. P.K. 40+840.
LEGEND
2.500
3-Dec-11 16:08
step 26571
-4.000E+00 <x< 4.000E+00
-4.000E+00 <y< 4.000E+00 1.500

-1.25E-01
-1.00E-01 0.500
-7.50E-02
-5.00E-02
-2.50E-02
0.00E+00 -0.500
2.50E-02
5.00E-02
7.50E-02
-1.500

Principal stresses
Max. Value = 8.289E-02
Min. Value = -5.702E-01 -2.500
0 2E 0

0 2E 0
Madrid, SPAIN
-3.500 -2.500 -1.500 -0.500 0.500 1.500 2.500 3.500
Figure 18.- Minimum principal stresses. ST IVa. P.K. 40+840.
ANNEX 2.- BENDING MOMENTS, AXIAL STRESSES AND SHEAR STRESSES AT THE LINING
FLAC (Version 6.00)

4.000
LEGEND
3-Dec-11 21:42
step 73194
-5.000E+00 <x< 5.000E+00
2.000
-5.000E+00 <y< 5.000E+00
Beam Plot
#12 (Beam ) 4.272E-01
#13 (Beam ) -3.055E+00
#14 (Beam ) 3.065E+00
#15 (Beam ) 3.065E+00 0.000
Beam plot
-2.000
-4.000

Madrid, SPAIN
-4.000 -2.000 0.000 2.000 4.000
Figure 1.- Bending moments. ST Vc. P.K. 36+560.
FLAC (Version 6.00)

4.000
LEGEND
3-Dec-11 21:42
step 73194
-5.000E+00 <x< 5.000E+00
2.000
-5.000E+00 <y< 5.000E+00
Beam Plot
#12 (Beam ) 4.247E+00
#13 (Beam ) 5.819E+00
#14 (Beam ) 5.806E+00
0.000
#15 (Beam ) 6.215E+00
Beam plot
-2.000
-4.000

Madrid, SPAIN
-4.000 -2.000 0.000 2.000 4.000
Figure 2.- Axial stresses. ST Vc. P.K. 36+560.
FLAC (Version 6.00)

4.000
LEGEND
3-Dec-11 21:42
step 73194
-5.000E+00 <x< 5.000E+00
2.000
-5.000E+00 <y< 5.000E+00
Beam Plot
#12 (Beam ) 1.024E+00
#13 (Beam ) 4.512E+00
#14 (Beam ) -4.512E+00
#15 (Beam ) -3.402E+00 0.000
Beam plot
-2.000
-4.000

Madrid, SPAIN
-4.000 -2.000 0.000 2.000 4.000
Figure 3.- Shear stresses. ST Vc. P.K. 36+560.
LEGEND
2.500
3-Dec-11 17:48
step 39178
-4.000E+00 <x< 4.000E+00
-4.000E+00 <y< 4.000E+00 1.500
Beam Plot
Moment on
0.500
# 4 (Beam ) 1.796E-01
# 5 (Beam ) 1.274E+00
Beam plot
-0.500
-1.500
-2.500
-3.500

Madrid, SPAIN
-3.500 -2.500 -1.500 -0.500 0.500 1.500 2.500 3.500
Figure 4.- Bending moments. ST Va1. P.K. 2+590.
LEGEND
2.500
3-Dec-11 17:48
step 39178
-4.000E+00 <x< 4.000E+00
-4.000E+00 <y< 4.000E+00 1.500
Beam Plot
Axial Force on
0.500
# 4 (Beam ) 1.883E+00
# 5 (Beam ) 4.507E+00
Beam plot
-0.500
-1.500
-2.500
-3.500

Madrid, SPAIN
-3.500 -2.500 -1.500 -0.500 0.500 1.500 2.500 3.500
Figure 5.- Axial stresses. ST Va1. P.K. 2+590.
LEGEND
2.500
3-Dec-11 17:48
step 39178
-4.000E+00 <x< 4.000E+00
-4.000E+00 <y< 4.000E+00 1.500
Beam Plot
Shear Force on
0.500
# 4 (Beam ) -3.619E-01
# 5 (Beam ) -2.078E+00
Beam plot
-0.500
-1.500
-2.500
-3.500

Madrid, SPAIN
-3.500 -2.500 -1.500 -0.500 0.500 1.500 2.500 3.500
Figure 6.- Shear stresses. ST Va1. P.K. 2+590.
LEGEND
2.500
3-Dec-11 17:56
step 32386
-4.000E+00 <x< 4.000E+00
-4.000E+00 <y< 4.000E+00 1.500
Beam Plot
# 6 (Beam ) -1.160E-02
# 7 (Beam ) 1.265E-01 0.500
Beam plot
-0.500
-1.500
-2.500
-3.500

Madrid, SPAIN
-3.500 -2.500 -1.500 -0.500 0.500 1.500 2.500 3.500
Figure 7.- Bending moments. ST IIIa. P.K. 36+690.
LEGEND
2.500
3-Dec-11 17:56
step 32386
-4.000E+00 <x< 4.000E+00
-4.000E+00 <y< 4.000E+00 1.500
Beam Plot
# 6 (Beam ) 4.741E-01
# 7 (Beam ) 1.159E+00 0.500
Beam plot
-0.500
-1.500
-2.500
-3.500

Madrid, SPAIN
-3.500 -2.500 -1.500 -0.500 0.500 1.500 2.500 3.500
Figure 8.- Axial stresses. ST IIIa. P.K. 36+690.
LEGEND
2.500
3-Dec-11 17:56
step 32386
-4.000E+00 <x< 4.000E+00
-4.000E+00 <y< 4.000E+00 1.500
Beam Plot
# 6 (Beam ) 4.138E-02
# 7 (Beam ) 4.388E-01 0.500
Beam plot
-0.500
-1.500
-2.500
-3.500

Madrid, SPAIN
-3.500 -2.500 -1.500 -0.500 0.500 1.500 2.500 3.500
Figure 9.- Shear stresses. ST IIIa. P.K. 36+690.
LEGEND
2.500
3-Dec-11 18:04
step 32140
-4.000E+00 <x< 4.000E+00
-4.000E+00 <y< 4.000E+00 1.500
Beam Plot
# 6 (Beam ) 7.569E-02
# 7 (Beam ) 6.081E-01 0.500
Beam plot
-0.500
-1.500
-2.500
-3.500

Madrid, SPAIN
-3.500 -2.500 -1.500 -0.500 0.500 1.500 2.500 3.500
Figure 10.- Bending moments. ST IIIa. P.K. 11+740.
LEGEND
2.500
3-Dec-11 18:04
step 32140
-4.000E+00 <x< 4.000E+00
-4.000E+00 <y< 4.000E+00 1.500
Beam Plot
# 6 (Beam ) 7.333E-01
# 7 (Beam ) 3.022E+00 0.500
Beam plot
-0.500
-1.500
-2.500
-3.500

Madrid, SPAIN
-3.500 -2.500 -1.500 -0.500 0.500 1.500 2.500 3.500
Figure 11.- Axial stresses. ST IIIa. P.K. 11+740.
LEGEND
2.500
3-Dec-11 18:04
step 32140
-4.000E+00 <x< 4.000E+00
-4.000E+00 <y< 4.000E+00 1.500
Beam Plot
# 6 (Beam ) -1.296E-01
# 7 (Beam ) 1.168E+00 0.500
Beam plot
-0.500
-1.500
-2.500
-3.500

Madrid, SPAIN
-3.500 -2.500 -1.500 -0.500 0.500 1.500 2.500 3.500
Figure 12.- Shear stresses. ST IIIa. P.K. 11+740.
LEGEND
2.500
3-Dec-11 18:46
step 37021
-4.000E+00 <x< 4.000E+00
-4.000E+00 <y< 4.000E+00 1.500
Beam Plot
#10 (Beam ) 6.256E-02
#11 (Beam ) 6.567E-01 0.500
Beam plot
-0.500
-1.500
-2.500
-3.500

Madrid, SPAIN
-3.500 -2.500 -1.500 -0.500 0.500 1.500 2.500 3.500
Figure 13.- Bending moments. ST IVc. P.K. 37+250.
LEGEND
2.500
3-Dec-11 18:46
step 37021
-4.000E+00 <x< 4.000E+00
-4.000E+00 <y< 4.000E+00 1.500
Beam Plot
#10 (Beam ) 1.528E+00
#11 (Beam ) 3.620E+00 0.500
Beam plot
-0.500
-1.500
-2.500
-3.500

Madrid, SPAIN
-3.500 -2.500 -1.500 -0.500 0.500 1.500 2.500 3.500
Figure 14.- Axial stresses. ST IVc. P.K. 37+250.
LEGEND
2.500
3-Dec-11 18:46
step 37021
-4.000E+00 <x< 4.000E+00
-4.000E+00 <y< 4.000E+00 1.500
Beam Plot
#10 (Beam ) 2.371E-01
#11 (Beam ) 1.299E+00 0.500
Beam plot
-0.500
-1.500
-2.500
-3.500

Madrid, SPAIN
-3.500 -2.500 -1.500 -0.500 0.500 1.500 2.500 3.500
Figure 15.- Shear stresses. ST IVc. P.K. 37+250.
LEGEND
2.500
3-Dec-11 19:10
step 36874
-4.000E+00 <x< 4.000E+00
-4.000E+00 <y< 4.000E+00 1.500
Beam Plot
#10 (Beam ) 5.925E-02
#11 (Beam ) 6.447E-01 0.500
Beam plot
-0.500
-1.500
-2.500
-3.500

Madrid, SPAIN
-3.500 -2.500 -1.500 -0.500 0.500 1.500 2.500 3.500
LEGEND
2.500
3-Dec-11 19:10
step 36874
-4.000E+00 <x< 4.000E+00
-4.000E+00 <y< 4.000E+00 1.500
Beam Plot
#10 (Beam ) 1.419E+00
#11 (Beam ) 3.560E+00 0.500
Beam plot
-0.500
-1.500
-2.500
-3.500

Madrid, SPAIN
-3.500 -2.500 -1.500 -0.500 0.500 1.500 2.500 3.500
LEGEND
2.500
3-Dec-11 19:10
step 36874
-4.000E+00 <x< 4.000E+00
-4.000E+00 <y< 4.000E+00 1.500
Beam Plot
#10 (Beam ) -2.200E-01
#11 (Beam ) 1.222E+00 0.500
Beam plot
-0.500
-1.500
-2.500
-3.500

Madrid, SPAIN
-3.500 -2.500 -1.500 -0.500 0.500 1.500 2.500 3.500
LEGEND
2.500
3-Dec-11 19:33
step 32883
-4.000E+00 <x< 4.000E+00
-4.000E+00 <y< 4.000E+00 1.500
Beam Plot
#10 (Beam ) -1.508E-02
#11 (Beam ) 1.685E-01 0.500
Beam plot
-0.500
-1.500
-2.500
-3.500

Madrid, SPAIN
-3.500 -2.500 -1.500 -0.500 0.500 1.500 2.500 3.500
LEGEND
2.500
3-Dec-11 19:33
step 32883
-4.000E+00 <x< 4.000E+00
-4.000E+00 <y< 4.000E+00 1.500
Beam Plot
#10 (Beam ) 4.673E-01
#11 (Beam ) 1.314E+00 0.500
Beam plot
-0.500
-1.500
-2.500
-3.500

Madrid, SPAIN
-3.500 -2.500 -1.500 -0.500 0.500 1.500 2.500 3.500
LEGEND
2.500
3-Dec-11 19:33
step 32883
-4.000E+00 <x< 4.000E+00
-4.000E+00 <y< 4.000E+00 1.500
Beam Plot
#10 (Beam ) -6.509E-02
#11 (Beam ) 4.928E-01 0.500
Beam plot
-0.500
-1.500
-2.500
-3.500

Madrid, SPAIN
-3.500 -2.500 -1.500 -0.500 0.500 1.500 2.500 3.500
LEGEND
2.500
9-Dec-11 21:22
step 30579
-4.000E+00 <x< 4.000E+00
-4.000E+00 <y< 4.000E+00 1.500
Beam Plot
# 8 (Beam ) -1.305E-02
# 9 (Beam ) 1.029E+00 0.500
Beam plot
-0.500
-1.500
-2.500
-3.500
SUBTERRA INGENIERIA S.L.

Madrid (Spain)
-3.500 -2.500 -1.500 -0.500 0.500 1.500 2.500 3.500
LEGEND
2.500
9-Dec-11 21:22
step 30579
-4.000E+00 <x< 4.000E+00
-4.000E+00 <y< 4.000E+00 1.500
Beam Plot
# 8 (Beam ) 4.923E-01
# 9 (Beam ) 1.961E+00 0.500
Beam plot
-0.500
-1.500
-2.500
-3.500

Madrid (Spain)
-3.500 -2.500 -1.500 -0.500 0.500 1.500 2.500 3.500
LEGEND
2.500
9-Dec-11 21:22
step 30579
-4.000E+00 <x< 4.000E+00
-4.000E+00 <y< 4.000E+00 1.500
Beam Plot
# 8 (Beam ) 6.175E-02
# 9 (Beam ) 1.823E+00 0.500
Beam plot
-0.500
-1.500
-2.500
-3.500

Madrid (Spain)
-3.500 -2.500 -1.500 -0.500 0.500 1.500 2.500 3.500
LEGEND
2.500
3-Dec-11 21:22
step 26459
-4.000E+00 <x< 4.000E+00
-4.000E+00 <y< 4.000E+00 1.500
Beam Plot
# 8 (Beam ) -1.861E-03
# 9 (Beam ) 3.091E-02 0.500
Beam plot
-0.500
-1.500
-2.500
-3.500

Madrid, SPAIN
-3.500 -2.500 -1.500 -0.500 0.500 1.500 2.500 3.500
Figure 25.- Bending moments. ST IVa. P.K. 40+840.
LEGEND
2.500
3-Dec-11 21:22
step 26459
-4.000E+00 <x< 4.000E+00
-4.000E+00 <y< 4.000E+00 1.500
Beam Plot
# 8 (Beam ) 1.088E-01
# 9 (Beam ) 1.951E-01 0.500
Beam plot
-0.500
-1.500
-2.500
-3.500

Madrid, SPAIN
-3.500 -2.500 -1.500 -0.500 0.500 1.500 2.500 3.500
Figure 26.- Axial stresses. ST IVa. P.K. 40+840.
LEGEND
2.500
3-Dec-11 21:22
step 26459
-4.000E+00 <x< 4.000E+00
-4.000E+00 <y< 4.000E+00 1.500
Beam Plot
# 8 (Beam ) 8.622E-03
# 9 (Beam ) 7.055E-02 0.500
Beam plot
-0.500
-1.500
-2.500
-3.500

Madrid, SPAIN
-3.500 -2.500 -1.500 -0.500 0.500 1.500 2.500 3.500
Figure 27.- Shear stresses. ST IVa. P.K. 40+840.
ANNEX 2.- BENDING MOMENTS, AXIAL STRESSES AND
SHEAR STRESSES AT THE LINING

ANNEX 3.- SUPPORTING CALCULUS. REINFORCED
CONCRETE DESIGN

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LINING A
BENDING MOMENT CHECKS.
INVERT. LOWER REINFORCEMENT

INVERT. UPPER REINFORCEMENT
SIDE WALLS. EXTERIOR REINFORCEMENT
SIDE WALLS. INTERIOR REINFORCEMENT
VAULT
SHEAR FORCES CHECKS.
INVERT
b (m) 1.00
h (m) 0.70
d' (m) 0.05
d (m) 0.65
Armadura
31.40
(cm2)
fck (N/mm2) 45
gc 1.5
fyk (N/mm2) 500
gs 1.15
Nd (kN)
6101.00
compr (-)
Vd (kN) 1860.00
jº 50.00
cotg j 0.84
Ac (m2) 0.70
scd
8.72
(N/mm2)
K 1.00
Vu1 (kN) 5761
Vu1>Vd si
scd 2
8.72
(N/mm2)
x 1.55
r 0.0048
Vu2,1 (kN) 0.00
fct,m
3.80
(N/mm2)
cotg je 0.50
b 0.77
Vcu (kN) 0.00
Vsu (kN) 1860.00
A90
94.73
(cm2/m)
A90 min
12.65
(cm2/m)
A90
necesaria 94.73
(cm2/m)
SIDE WALLS
b (m) 1.00
h (m) 0.70
d' (m) 0.05
d (m) 0.65
Armadura
31.40
(cm2)
fck (N/mm2) 45
gc 1.5
fyk (N/mm2) 500
gs 1.15
Nd (kN)
4832.00
compr (-)
Vd (kN) 1348.00
jº 50.00
cotg j 0.84
Ac (m2) 0.70
scd
6.90
(N/mm2)
K 1.00
Vu1 (kN) 5761
Vu1>Vd si
scd 2
6.90
(N/mm2)
x 1.55
r 0.0048
Vu2,1 (kN) 0.00
fct,m
3.80
(N/mm2)
cotg je 0.50
b 0.77
Vcu (kN) 0.00
Vsu (kN) 1348.00
A90
68.65
(cm2/m)
A90 min
12.65
(cm2/m)
A90
necesaria 68.65
(cm2/m)
VAULT
b (m) 1.00
h (m) 0.30
d' (m) 0.05
d (m) 0.25
Armadura
31.40
(cm2)
fck (N/mm2) 45
gc 1.5
fyk (N/mm2) 500
gs 1.15
Nd (kN)
3931.00
compr (-)
Vd (kN) 1024.00
jº 50.00
cotg j 0.84
Ac (m2) 0.30
scd
13.10
(N/mm2)
K 1.00
Vu1 (kN) 2216
Vu1>Vd si
scd 2
13.10
(N/mm2)
x 1.89
r 0.0126
Vu2,1 (kN) 0.00
fct,m
3.80
(N/mm2)
cotg je 0.50
b 0.77
Vcu (kN) 0.00
Vsu (kN) 1024.00
A90
135.60
(cm2/m)
A90 min
12.65
(cm2/m)
A90
necesaria 135.60
(cm2/m)
'{ 7, B't~~ fl
yj 'iZZ Qf C~
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- - - - - - = - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - :O.L8 3 AOtl d
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LINING B

INVERT
b (m) 1.00
h (m) 0.50
d' (m) 0.05
d (m) 0.45
Armadura
39.20
(cm2)
fck (N/mm2) 45
gc 1.5
fyk (N/mm2) 500
gs 1.15
Nd (kN)
3890.00
compr (-)
Vd (kN) 647.00
jº 50.00
cotg j 0.84
Ac (m2) 0.50
scd
7.78
(N/mm2)
K 1.00
Vu1 (kN) 3988
Vu1>Vd si
scd 2
7.78
(N/mm2)
x 1.67
r 0.0087
Vu2,1 (kN) 0.00
fct,m
3.80
(N/mm2)
cotg je 0.50
b 0.77
Vcu (kN) 0.00
Vsu (kN) 647.00
A90
47.60
(cm2/m)
A90 min
12.65
(cm2/m)
A90
necesaria 47.60
(cm2/m)
SIDE WALLS
b (m) 1.00
h (m) 0.35
d' (m) 0.05
d (m) 0.30
Armadura
39.20
(cm2)
fck (N/mm2) 45
gc 1.5
fyk (N/mm2) 500
gs 1.15
Nd (kN)
2210.00
compr (-)
Vd (kN) 846.00
jº 50.00
cotg j 0.84
Ac (m2) 0.35
scd
6.31
(N/mm2)
K 1.00
Vu1 (kN) 2659
Vu1>Vd si
scd 2
6.31
(N/mm2)
x 1.82
r 0.0131
Vu2,1 (kN) 0.00
fct,m
3.80
(N/mm2)
cotg je 0.50
b 0.77
Vcu (kN) 0.00
Vsu (kN) 846.00
A90
93.35
(cm2/m)
A90 min
12.65
(cm2/m)
A90
necesaria 93.35
(cm2/m)
---.
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1 (\ ~
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LINING C

INVERT
b (m) 1.00
h (m) 0.55
d' (m) 0.00
d (m) 0.55
Armadura
20.11
(cm2)
fck (N/mm2) 45
gc 1.5
fyk (N/mm2) 500
gs 1.15
Nd (kN)
3308.00
compr (-)
Vd (kN) 543.00
jº 45.00
cotg j 1.00
Ac (m2) 0.55
scd
6.01
(N/mm2)
K 1.00
Vu1 (kN) 4950
Vu1>Vd si
scd 2
6.01
(N/mm2)
x 1.60
r 0.0037
Vu2,1 (kN) 0.00
fct,m
3.80
(N/mm2)
cotg je 0.50
b 0.67
Vcu (kN) 0.00
Vsu (kN) 543.00
A90
27.42
(cm2/m)
A90 min
12.65
(cm2/m)
A90
necesaria 27.42
(cm2/m)
SIDE WALLS
b (m) 1.00
h (m) 0.40
d' (m) 0.00
d (m) 0.40
Armadura
13.40
(cm2)
fck (N/mm2) 45
gc 1.5
fyk (N/mm2) 500
gs 1.15
Nd (kN)
1686.00
compr (-)
Vd (kN) 482.00
jº 45.00
cotg j 1.00
Ac (m2) 0.40
scd
4.22
(N/mm2)
K 1.00
Vu1 (kN) 3600
Vu1>Vd si
scd 2
4.22
(N/mm2)
x 1.71
r 0.0034
Vu2,1 (kN) 46.35
fct,m
3.80
(N/mm2)
cotg je 0.50
b 0.67
Vcu (kN) 46.35
Vsu (kN) 435.65
A90
30.25
(cm2/m)
A90 min
12.65
(cm2/m)
A90
necesaria 30.25
(cm2/m)
-
h )V)
I'(J.~ ;, b f- ~ _ C>y
itt';:
I J J 1........ :r
) C I" C r- ...j 0 / 00 c; < (
'511
~I
C~oIJ()V
I
['/{)/ J(;z, -~- 2 --Y) J:. ? -<'
r - - - - - - - - - - , - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - :~'d8nl
-, -, - : \f H J 3 ~
- 3 0 -vrOH
'v'1~3IN38N I
:S3.LN3.LSIS'd
P7'<]r---------------- : O.L~ 3 AO ~ d
b,t.?c/ .; I( ,
= /tr Q z, J, r
_C,L?& -:1
; ( t> .: (( \
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J '-'} t I • -: t{ (
I
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\
, ~ I 1
I 'r t1'?r--
t~ . r ~
I
- ? (
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......J
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- -J
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I
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(
If '" "/- ...;
'
::'j:.C/c> )
- ,.o.{ 'J :,) ? .,u)
0;11---
I
iY:/! ;.J ::1-1
.s r c/ J(CP ~7(
/
~ -; o/f :1'( \
/J(
_('I ..., -:J) J'l"! I 2'"'.'17([
) -'J J c);( -;( Y
~
v
c- bS' ::.
7
4
~Gfo .I hSf )r!(
1/ P \
/7 'rsi. -- !'{
/ ~
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r
~ 77'f r-'l JellS
- / - / - :VH:::> 3 .::l
30
'v' 1~3 IN38N I
:S::U N31 SISV
:Ol :::> 3 ,A.Ot:ld
P/<J
LINING D (OPTION 1)

INVERT
b (m) 1.00
h (m) 0.40
d' (m) 0.05
d (m) 0.35
Armadura
31.20
(cm2)
fck (N/mm2) 45
gc 1.5
fyk (N/mm2) 500
gs 1.15
Nd (kN)
1069.00
compr (-)
Vd (kN) 818.30
jº 50.00
cotg j 0.84
Ac (m2) 0.40
scd
2.67
(N/mm2)
K 1.00
Vu1 (kN) 3102
Vu1>Vd si
scd 2
2.67
(N/mm2)
x 1.76
r 0.0089
Vu2,1 (kN) 132.85
fct,m
3.80
(N/mm2)
cotg je 0.54
b 0.80
Vcu (kN) 132.85
Vsu (kN) 685.45
A90
64.83
(cm2/m)
A90 min
12.65
(cm2/m)
A90
necesaria 64.83
(cm2/m)
SIDE WALLS
b (m) 1.00
h (m) 0.40
d' (m) 0.05
d (m) 0.35
Armadura
39.20
(cm2)
fck (N/mm2) 45
gc 1.5
fyk (N/mm2) 500
gs 1.15
Nd (kN)
925.00
compr (-)
Vd (kN) 845.00
jº 50.00
cotg j 0.84
Ac (m2) 0.40
scd
2.31
(N/mm2)
K 1.00
Vu1 (kN) 3102
Vu1>Vd si
scd 2
2.31
(N/mm2)
x 1.76
r 0.0112
Vu2,1 (kN) 151.75
fct,m
3.80
(N/mm2)
cotg je 0.63
b 0.84
Vcu (kN) 151.75
Vsu (kN) 693.25
A90
65.57
(cm2/m)
A90 min
12.65
(cm2/m)
A90
necesaria 65.57
(cm2/m)
JJ(
r-
I
_/~
Y; ~\-
C / r.,'c: +
/
- I
l' h b
t: ........----- I. U : f
r- ~
oy ~,,-...)~~
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- / - / - :VH8 3 .: :1
- 30 - 'vTOH
'v' 1~3IN38NI
-...
~, -,0;),,) ~
rri(U"',~, )vV :~
(W V
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.I
:: c / (
- ..
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L.C') ;J J
,,-<i"'v ) :(\~
_' 1\
..J; V
.:» (/<PI !rrf\ ~ 6 -?C.l rr 2 J(
?r(C.l (
(( ~ ~ c7 -:: J
/
----.~ If7, ~ 9 ~ Y - II
... .1 '" - Y-V ,.J Ii
301..')
LINING D (OPTION 2)
INVERT.
SIDE WALLS.
't I, {'.J
7/7',
( /
S"yr
;< 1\... 0
-' f/J ",
<
r
«: oct N
I ~ J'/C"J
Y ," t{ /1 ft.- U.
C
--
» / U
,
- ,1 0"l -d- '- , f t /'
_) 1 °1 J/V ~ ;; / or" bel
...- -
/' ?' b /c;
I -------- /'
c, '; C/ "/ l<- ;.. '- ;/ /' <r- t.Gc. ~
- -
.3 ~ /VI Jy'1(
-/-/-: V H ~ 3 :J
30 ''i7TOH
\fltl3 1N38NI
:S::U N31 S ISV
- - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - :0 1 8 3 }..OCld
..... J -l
I - L.I \,
Jr I r>: - r(
(' ,~
iiJ
J
J(7'g!;2 .; ..,-01--< o 'v '" J ~ 0 - ... r ) "r
'r l' J"": ....:.-J "
\ J J f.- c Ie•
" '/,r C ,
")"\ 7()'>"J.~
:- :IJ~ IU
t
/ 5f( JIr6
II ~ eel :: »t« rI
/
---V/11 r-.«: -- 1--\
~ 1,1(
rnvJt'l 3 'lIS
LINING E
INVERT.
SIDE WALLS.
-
f
(
) ;
frY( ?:lC( 1)S(O r
'('~ i/;J
,-......,.
'!
.r » C'f ' ;' J
(/ '
I
J I. :: 1
7(r6 cf oczr : 4 C "'Y;: d(0l{
I, I(
.: ~:: 1
');: :: H
(
:f . JKut/7
- / - / - :VH:::>3 :l
- - 3 0 -\7TOH
VICl3 1N38NI
:S3..LN3..LSIS\f
~(LJ c r :O..L8 3 AOCl d
( r sr:. /0
/ J
-4 -
N1 J/Cr ::- ~ ( ir: -rr)1
I
,---...
/{1 Otr( = 1; ( G r IJ ,cq
f
/'
Sf" 0 cc / (
- t -
t? c -: ( J
cct/ ~,
-
.s~/a
~t
1:,(1 (( J /U l- ~t(
I
iJZ r~/(
~ 'ru. -II ~
1./ ~ '(,~Yif"""I
/', ~
J "{
t
( VI') '7 c 'rr -
'10
/7 '0
v 1
...w.!(Y fo zr :. U
sr « sf I IV/! ~oJ~:'f'{
~ u:
wi!
.' ~» J
f'
'S77t~ 3Q/j
- / - / - :VH8 3 ::l
- - 3 0 - 'vT OH
1;f1};l3 IN3£lNI
;:0 (
TidJI tt /~ -:, = .;)1 1,8 '( -- 1"' ( - J
- ~ ~y ( ::~ J
---'
I ( j /
?" >'f 0}
({""(~(;:l J' I
....J.,J Sf U
-- -
11 r» .- 7/- J " -
5j:.C J l
~~
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+- cC , ) y: ~~~ ¥I(
I I
t~" L If
;) ,
( /,..J c(z
J (
(';:i -)
.»: - I(
Cj~ ~
~ ~( ~ "( -:;)J
-:- - - '1 IJ- I(
-- J ~ -i: ry
-,
:J
r s»
I
jr , J
t rr °t) -- \"A
f~
LINING F

VOID
INVERT
b (m) 1.00
h (m) 0.50
d' (m) 0.05
d (m) 0.45
Armadura
50.00
(cm2)
fck (N/mm2) 45
gc 1.5
fyk (N/mm2) 500
gs 1.15
Nd (kN)
5126.00
compr (-)
Vd (kN) 1110.00
jº 50.00
cotg j 0.84
Ac (m2) 0.50
scd
10.25
(N/mm2)
K 1.00
Vu1 (kN) 3988
Vu1>Vd si
scd 2
10.25
(N/mm2)
x 1.67
r 0.0111
Vu2,1 (kN) 0.00
fct,m
3.80
(N/mm2)
cotg je 0.50
b 0.77
Vcu (kN) 0.00
Vsu (kN) 1110.00
A90
81.66
(cm2/m)
A90 min
12.65
(cm2/m)
A90
necesaria 81.66
(cm2/m)
SIDE WALLS
b (m) 1.00
h (m) 0.35
d' (m) 0.05
d (m) 0.30
Armadura
50.00
(cm2)
fck (N/mm2) 45
gc 1.5
fyk (N/mm2) 500
gs 1.15
Nd (kN)
1250.00
compr (-)
Vd (kN) 1193.00
jº 50.00
cotg j 0.84
Ac (m2) 0.35
scd
3.57
(N/mm2)
K 1.00
Vu1 (kN) 2659
Vu1>Vd si
scd 2
3.57
(N/mm2)
x 1.82
r 0.0167
Vu2,1 (kN) 115.06
fct,m
3.80
(N/mm2)
cotg je 0.50
b 0.77
Vcu (kN) 85.63
Vsu (kN) 1107.37
A90
122.20
(cm2/m)
A90 min
12.65
(cm2/m)
A90
necesaria 122.20
(cm2/m)

Ci 41 C P 27.0001 A PDF

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REV DESCRIPTION DRAWN CHKS APPD DATE

HIDROELÉCTRICA LA CONFLUENCIA S.A.

DETAILED DESIGN REPORT. LINING FOR THE SWELLING

SUBTERRA INGENIERIA Ltda. SUBTERRA INGENIERIA, S.L. SUBTERRA PERÚ SAC

chile@subterra-ing.com info@subterra-ing.com peru@subterra-ing.com

Erik Chávez, Geological Eng.

Adela Jiménez, Geological Eng.

Daniel Santos, Civil Eng.

José Miguel Galera, Ph. D. Mining Eng.

Guillermo Ibarra, Civil Eng.

Table 2.I.- Zoning and swelling pressures suggested by HLC ............................................................. 2

CI 41 CD 27.0001 SWELLING CONCRETE LINING. GEOMETRY

CI 41 CD 27.0002 SWELLING CONCRETE LINING. REINFORCEMENT (1/4)

CI 41 CD 27.0003 SWELLING CONCRETE LINING. REINFORCEMENT (2/4)

CI 41 CD 27.0004 SWELLING CONCRETE LINING. REINFORCEMENT (3/4)

CI 41 CD 27.0005 SWELLING CONCRETE LINING. REINFORCEMENT (4/4)

CI 41 CD 27.0006 SWELLING CONCRETE LINING. LINING TRANSITION

CI 41 CD 27.0007 ADDITIONAL SUPPORT MEASURES. FAULT ZONE 11+730 TO 11+735

ANNEX 1.- PRINCIPAL STRESSES AT THE LINING

ANNEX 3.- SUPPORTING CALCULUS. REINFORCED CONCRETE DESIGN

LINING FOR THE SWELLING CONDITIONS IN THE PORTILLO TUNNEL -Page 1-

 First proposal (15/11/2011):14 zones with a total reinforcement length of 266 m

 Second proposal (30/11/2011):10 ones with a total reinforcement length of 267m

 Third proposal (06/12/2011): 11 zones with a total reinforcement length of 281 m

Table 2.I.- Zoning and swelling pressures suggested by HLC

LINING FOR THE SWELLING CONDITIONS IN THE PORTILLO TUNNEL -Page 2-

The development of the site visit was the following:

Afterwards on Monday 12th December a teleconference meeting was held in Tinguiririca

2.1. DATA FROM THE TUNNEL CONSTRUCTION

 Support class and support additional existing reinforcement

 Tunnel behavior provided by construction convergence sections

 Geological and geotechnical characteristics (lithology description and RMR) provided by

LINING FOR THE SWELLING CONDITIONS IN THE PORTILLO TUNNEL -Page 3-

LINING FOR THE SWELLING CONDITIONS IN THE PORTILLO TUNNEL -Page 4-

The supports used at this zone are IIIa and Iva.

As it can be observed, three different stretches can be defined:

 From 36+560 to 36+580, in which no damages exists.

 From 36+580 to 36+590, with relatively high swelling values.

LINING FOR THE SWELLING CONDITIONS IN THE PORTILLO TUNNEL -Page 5-

@ 2530: 0.2 MPa, Vertical cracks on ribs + some occasional in

Table 2.2.I.- Main observations done during the inspection.

LINING FOR THE SWELLING CONDITIONS IN THE PORTILLO TUNNEL -Page 6-

TUNNEL LENGTH ADDITIONAL SUPPORT

Table 3.I.- Main construction and monitoring actions defined.

LINING FOR THE SWELLING CONDITIONS IN THE PORTILLO TUNNEL -Page 7-

 Concrete lining in four sections (maximum length of 115 m):

 From 36+540 to 36+560 for a design swelling pressure of 1.25 MPa.

 From 36+580 to 36+590 for a design swelling pressure of 0.4 MPa.

 From 39+231 to 39+210 for a design swelling pressure of 0.2 MPa.

LINING FOR THE SWELLING CONDITIONS IN THE PORTILLO TUNNEL -Page 8-

LINING FOR THE SWELLING CONDITIONS IN THE PORTILLO TUNNEL -Page 9-

1 36+560 385 Vc 1,5/1,0 34,05- 59,2 1.333,3 615,4 0,0026 0,9 30

JOB TITLE : DISEÑO SWELLING LA CONFLUENCIA.ST Vc (*10^1)

FLAC (Version 6.00)

SUBTERRA INGENIERIA, S.L.

FLAC (Version 6.00) 7.000

Contour interval= 1.00E-03

SUBTERRA INGENIERIA, S.L.

JOB TITLE : DISEÑO SWELLING LA CONFLUENCIA.ST Vc (*10^1)

FLAC (Version 6.00) 0.900

3. Construction of the lining designed for each swelling pressure.

4. Application of the swelling pressure according to HLC requirements

INVERT 1016 6161 2099 5912 1860 6101