1.

Wooden Pile

1.1 Bearing Capacity of a Pile

(1) Design data

Diameter of wooden pile D = 15.0 cm

Length of pile L = 4.00 m
Area of pile section A = 1/4 x p x D2 = 0.018 m2
Perimeter of pile W = pxD = 0.471 m
SPT N-Value = 30

Ni : Average N value in a soil layer = 30

fi : friction of soil = 0.20 x Ni = 6.00 t/m2

(2) Ultimate vertical bearing capacity, (qu)

qu = (40 x N x A) + (W x fi x li)
= ( 40 x 30.0 x 0.018 )+( 0.471 x 6.00 x 4.0 )
= 21.206 + 11.310 = 32.515 ton/pile

(3) Ultimate vertical bearing capacity, (qu)

qa = qu/n = 32.515 / 3 = 10.838 ton/pile

(safety factor : n = 3)

1.2 Allowable horizontal bearing capacity

Horizontal bearing capacity depend on displacement of a pile

(1) Design data

Class of timber (pile) : III Class

E = 80,000 kg/cm 2
(Young's modulus)
d = Allowable horizontal displacement = 0.01 m
N = SPT N-value is assumed as = 30

p x D4
I = = 2,485.0 cm4 (I : Moment of Inertia for a pile)
64

(2) Horizontal bearing capacity of one pile (Ha)

a = 0.20 E = 28 x N
Kh = a x E x D-3/4
= 0.20 x( 28 x 30.0 )x( 15.0 )-3/4 = 22.041 kg/cm3

4 Kh x D 4 22.041 x 15.0
b = = = 0.025 cm
4 EI 4 x 80,000 x 2,485.0

Kh x D 22.041 x 15.0
Ha = x d = x 1 = 13,020.22 kg
b 0.025
= 13.020 ton
(3) Allowable horizontal bearing capacity due to the stress of a pile itself

Ha = 2 x b x Ma

s = Allowable stress of timber III class = 75.00 kg/cm2

p x D3
W = = 331.34 cm3 ; (W : section modulus of a pile)
32

Ma = s x W = 75.00 x 331.34 = 24,850.5 kg cm

Ha = 2 x b x Ma
= 2 x 0.025 x 24,850.5 = 1,262.06 kg/pile = 1.262 ton/pile

Allowable horizontal bearing capacity acting on the pile top depend upon the allowable
stress of pile itself.

1.3 Spacing of Pile

(1) For horizontal load

Ha = 1.262 ton/pile ; (Ha : Horizontal load carried by pile)

Hr = H - Hf = H - V x tan(2f/3) = 0.704 - 0.732 = -0.028 ton/m

Ha 1.262
Spacing of pile = = = -45.07 m
Hr -0.028

Spacing of pile = -45.07 m (center to center) by horizontal force

(2) For vertical load

V = 2.012 ton/m : Vertical load carried by pile

qa = 10.838 ton/pile : Allowable vertical bearing capacity of a pile

qa 10.838
Spacing of pile = = = 5.39 m
V 2.012

Spacing of pile can be determined 0.75 m for a pile ( f 150, L = 4.00 m ),

Vp = -0.739 ton/m : Vertical load carried by pile

qa = 10.838 ton/pile : Allowable vertical bearing capacity of a pile

qa 10.838
Spacing of pile = = = -14.67 m
Vp -0.739

Spacing of pile can be determined 1.50 m for a pile ( f 150, L = 4.00 m ),

1.2 Daya Dukung Tiang Kelompok (P2)

0.168

(1) Data Desain

Jenis Tanah = Lempung
Daya Dukung Tiang Tunggal Qa = 10.8 ton
Jumlah Tiang n = 4.00 bh
Jumlah Baris Tiang n = 1.00
Jumlah tiang dalam Satu Baris m = 2
Jarak Antar Tiang s = 0.9
Dimensi Tiang d = 0.3

(2) Daya dukung tiang kelompok berdasarkan tiang tunggal

Qg = m x n x ( Qa)
= 2 x 1.00 x 10.8
= 21.68 ton

(3) Daya dukung kelompok tiang berdasarkan BLOK

∑ Q u =( Lg B g ) c u ( p) N ¿c + ∑ 2 ( L g + B g ) c u ΔL
Qg = m x n x ( Qa)
= 0 x 0.00 x 0.3
= - ton

N SPT N1 (Kedalaman 8D pada ujung tiang ke atas) = 1 (BH-02) = 1 (BH-02)

N2 (Kedalaman 3D pada ujung tiang ke bawah) = 6 (BH-02) = 6 (BH-02)

Ni : Nilai N rata-rata pada lapisan tanah = 3.5 3.5

fi : Gaya Gesek Tanah = 0.50 x Ni = 1.75 t/m 2
(Lempung) 1.75 t/m2 (Lempung)

(2) Daya Dukung Ultimate vertical, (qu)

qu = (40 x N x A) + (W x fi x li)
= ( 40 x 3.5 x - )+( - x 1.75 x 4.0 ) 1.75 x - )
= 0.000 + 0.000 = 0.000 ton/Tiang

(3) Daya Dukung Tiang Pancang, (qu)

 qa = qu/n = 0.000 / 3 = 0.000 ton/Tiang

(safety factor : n = 3)

1.2 Daya Dukung Izin Horizontal

Daya dukung horisontal bergantung pada perpindahan tiang

(1) Data Desain

Kelas Kayu (tiang) : kelas I

E = 125,000 kg/cm (Young's modulus)
2

d = Defleksi izin horizontal = 0.01 m 0.01 m

N = N SPT = 3.5 3.5

p x D4
I = = 677.4 cm4 (I : Momen Inersia tiang)
64

(2) Daya Dukung Horizontal untuk satu tiang (Ha)

a = 0.20 E = 28 x N
Kh = a x E x D -3/4

= 0.20 x( 28 x 3.5 )x( 10.8 )-3/4 = 3.281 kg/cm3 = #NUM! kg/cm3

4 Kh x D 4 3.281 x 10.8
b = = = 0.018 cm = #DIV/0! cm
4 EI 4 x 125,000 x 677.4

Kh x D 3.281 x 10.8
Ha = x d = x 1 = 1,975.62 kg 1 = #DIV/0! kg
b 0.018
= 1.976 ton = #DIV/0! ton
(3) Kapasitas bantalan horisontal yang diizinkan karena tegangan tiang itu sendiri

Ha = 2 x b x Ma

s = Tekanan Izin Kayu Kelas II = 150.00 kg/cm2 150.00 kg/cm2

p x D3
W = = 125.00 cm3 ; (W : section modulus of a pile)
32

Ma = s x W = 150.00 x 125.00 = 18,749.9 kg cm 0.0 kg cm

Ha = 2 x b x Ma
= 2 x 0.018 x 18,749.9 = 675.03 kg/pile = 0.675 ton/tiang = 0.000 ton/tiang

Daya dukung izin horisontal yang bekerja Pada kepala Tiang akibat tekanan tiang itu sendiri

1.3 Jarak Tiang

(1) Untuk Beban Horizontal

Ha = 0.675 ton/pile ; (Ha : Beban Horizontal Yang didukung Oleh Tiang)

Hr = H - Hf = H - V x tan(2f/3) = 1.977 - 0.902 = 1.075 ton/m 0.000 = 0.000 ton/m

Ha 0.675
Jarak Tiang = = = 0.63 m
Hr 1.075

Jarak Tiang = 0.63 m (Jarak Tiang Ke Tiang) Akibat Gaya Horizontal

(2) Untuk Beban Vertikal

V = 2.182 ton/m : Beban Vertikal Yang didukung Oleh Tiang

qa = 0.000 ton/pile : Daya Dukung Izin Untuk Satu Tiang

qa 0.000
Jarak Tiang = = = 0.00 m
V 2.182

Jarak Tiang Ditetapkan 0.5 m ( f 120, L = 4.00 m ),

Pembebanan Pada Tiang Pancang Dolken

Beban Pada Pasangan Batu Kali

Panjang = 3.6 m
Tebal = 0.3 m
Lebar = 1 m (diambial Tiap 1m')
Berat Jenis Pasangan Batu Kali = 2.2 t/m3
α = 33.69 º
W1 = 3.6 x 0.3 x 1 x 2.2 = 2.376 t
0.300

Beban Pada Balok 3.606

1.5
Lebar = 0.6 m 1
tinggi = 0.6 m
33.69°
Panjang = 1 m (diambial Tiap 1m')
Berat Jenis Pasangan Batu Kali = 2.4 t/m3
0.600
W2 = 0.6 x 0.6 x 1 x 2.4 = 0.864 t 0.600

Beban Horizontal

H = Cos α x W1 Hf = V x tan(2f/3)
= Cos 34 x 2.376 = 2.182 x Tan(2*33.69/3)
= 1.97695 t = 0.90202 t

Beban Horizontal

V = Sin α x W1 + W2
= sin 34 x 2.376 + 0.9
= 2.182 t
1. Tiang Pancang Kayu Batang Belimbing

1.1 Daya Dukung Tiang

(1) Data Desain

Diameter Pancang Kayu D = 12.0 cm

Panjang Pancang L = 3.00 m
Luas Penampang Pancang A = 1/4 x p x D2 = 0.011 m2
Keliling Tiang W = pxD = 0.377 m
N SPT N1 (Kedalaman 8D pada ujung tiang ke atas) = 14 (BH-01)
N2 (Kedalaman 3D pada ujung tiang ke bawah) = 6 (BH-01)

Ni : Nilai N rata-rata pada lapisan tanah = 10.0

fi : Gaya Gesek Tanah = 0.50 x Ni = 5.00 t/m2 (Pasir)

(2) Daya Dukung Ultimate vertical, (qu)

qu = (40 x N x A) + (W x fi x li)
= ( 40 x 10.0 x 0.011 )+( 0.377 x 5.00 x 3.0 )
= 4.524 + 5.655 = 10.179 ton/Tiang

(3) Daya Dukung Tiang Pancang, (qu)

qa = qu/n = 10.179 / 3 = 3.393 ton/Tiang

(safety factor : n = 3)

1.2 Daya Dukung Izin Horizontal

Daya dukung horisontal bergantung pada perpindahan tiang

(1) Data Desain

Kelas Kayu (tiang) : kelas I

E = 125,000 kg/cm 2
(Young's modulus)
d = Defleksi izin horizontal = 0.01 m
N = N SPT = 10.0

p x D4
I = = 1,017.9 cm4 (I : Momen Inersia tiang)
64

(2) Daya Dukung Horizontal untuk satu tiang (Ha)

a = 0.20 E = 28 x N
Kh = a x E x D-3/4
= 0.20 x( 28 x 10.0 )x( 12.0 )-3/4 = 8.686 kg/cm3

4 Kh x D 4 8.686 x 12.0
b = = = 0.021 cm
4 EI 4 x 125,000 x 1,017.9

Kh x D 8.686 x 12.0
Ha = x d = x 1 = 4,899.55 kg
b 0.021
= 4.900 ton
(3) Kapasitas bantalan horisontal yang diizinkan karena tegangan tiang itu sendiri

Ha = 2 x b x Ma

s = Tekanan Izin Kayu Kelas III = 150.00 kg/cm2

p x D3
W = = 169.65 cm3 ; (W : section modulus of a pile)
32

Ma = s x W = 150.00 x 169.65 = 25,446.9 kg cm

Ha = 2 x b x Ma
= 2 x 0.021 x 25,446.9 = 1,082.66 kg/pile = 1.083 ton/tiang

Daya dukung izin horisontal yang bekerja Pada kepala Tiang akibat tekanan tiang itu sendiri

1.3 Jarak Tiang

(1) Untuk Beban Horizontal

Ha = 1.083 ton/pile ; (Ha : Beban Horizontal Yang didukung Oleh Tiang)

Hr = H - Hf = H - V x tan(2f/3) = 3.465 - 1.312 = 2.153 ton/m

Ha 1.083
Jarak Tiang = = = 0.50 m
Hr 2.153

Jarak Tiang = 0.50 m (Jarak Tiang Ke Tiang) Akibat Gaya Horizontal

(2) Untuk Beban Vertikal

V = 3.174 ton/m : Beban Vertikal Yang didukung Oleh Tiang

qa = 3.393 ton/pile : Daya Dukung Izin Untuk Satu Tiang

qa 3.393
Jarak Tiang = = = 1.07 m
V 3.174

Jarak Tiang Ditetapkan 1.00 m ( f 120, L = 3.00 m ),

Pembebanan Pada Tiang Pancang Dolken

Beban Pada Pasangan Batu Kali

Panjang = 6.3 m
Tebal = 0.3 m
Lebar = 1 m (diambial Tiap 1m')
Berat Jenis Pasangan Batu Kali = 2.2 t/m3
α = 33.69 º 0.300
W1 = 6.3 x 0.3 x 1 x 2.2 = 4.1646 t
6.310
Beban Pada Balok

Lebar = 0.6 m
tinggi = 0.6 m
Panjang = 1 m (diambial Tiap 1m')
Berat Jenis Pasangan Batu Kali = 2.4 t/m3
33.69°
W2 = 0.6 x 0.6 x 1 x 2.4 = 0.864 t
0.600

Beban Horizontal 0.600

H = Cos α x W1 Hf = V x tan(2f/3)
= Cos 34 x 4.1646 = 3.174 x Tan(2*33.69/3)
= 3.46516 t = 1.31216 t

Beban Horizontal

V = Sin α x W1 + W2
= sin 34 x 4.1646 + 0.9
= 3.174 t
0.300