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KAL PATHIPPAGAM– 99446 50380, 96266 26747
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KAL PATHIPPAGAM– 99446 50380, 96266 26747
14. What are the types of moulding sand?
1) Green sand 2) Dry sand 3) Loam sand
4) Facing sand 5) Parting sand 6) Core sand
15. List out the properties of moulding sand.
1) Porosity 2) Plasticity 3) Adhesiveness
4) Cohesiveness 5) Refractoriness 6) Collapsibility
16. List out the steps involved in preparation of moulding sand.
1)Mixing of sand 2)Tempering of sand 3)Conditioning of sand
17. List out the various moulding tools?
1) Shovel 2) Riddle 3) Rammer 4) Trowel
5) Slick 6) Lifter 7) Sprue pin 8) Strike off bar
9) Bellows 10) Swab 11) Gate cutter 12) Draw spike
13) Vent rod 14) Mallet
18. List out the uses of rammer, trowel and slick.
1) Moulding boxy; kz;iz mOj;jp epug;Gtjw;F
rammer gad; gLfpwJ.
2) Mouldd; gug;ig smooth Mf khw;wTk; Nrjkile;j
gFjpia rhp nra;aTk; trowel gad;gLfpwJ.
3) Mouldd; gug;Gfis rPuhf;fTk;> tl;l tbt
Kidfis rhp nra;aTk; slick gad;gLfpwJ.
19. Give the uses of lifter, sprue pin and strike off bar.
1) Mouldy; cs;s cjphp kz;iz ntspNa vLf;fTk;>
mouldI rhp nra;aTk; lifter gad;gLfpwJ.
2) Runner kw;Wk; riser Jisfis mouldy; cUthf;f
sprue pin gad;gLfpwJ.
3) Ramming nra;j gpwF moulding boxy; ,Ue;J
mjpfg;gbahd kz;iz mfw;w strike off bar
gad;gLfpwJ.
20. What are the uses of swab, gate cutter and draw spike?
1) Mouldy; ,Ue;J patternI vLg;gjw;F Kd;G patternI
Rw;wp rpwpjsT jz;zPh; nrYj;j swab gad;gLfpwJ.
2) Mouldy; gate ntl;Ltjw;F gate cutter gad;gLfpwJ.
3) Mouldy; ,Ue;J patternI ntspNa vLg;gjw;F draw
spike gad;gLfpwJ.
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KAL PATHIPPAGAM– 99446 50380, 96266 26747
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KAL PATHIPPAGAM– 99446 50380, 96266 26747
2) Jolt machine
3) Sand slinger
29. What is core and core print?
Castingy; cs;sPlw;w (hollow)mikg;G kw;Wk; Jis
Vw;gLj;j gad;gLtJ core MFk;.
Patterny; Vw;gLj;Jk; projection MdJ core print MFk;.
Mouldy; core seatI cUthf;f core print gad;gLfpwJ.
30. What are the essential qualities of core sand?
1) High refractoriness 2) Good permeability
3) Good stability 4) Good collapsibility
5) Sufficient strength and hardness
31. List out the core binders. Give an example.
1) Oil binders : Linseed oil
2) Water soluble binders : Starch and dextrin
3) Resin binders : Phenol formaldehyde and urea
32. List out the types of core boxes.
1) Half core box 4. Stickle core box
2. Dump core box 5. Gang core box
3. Split core box
33. List out the steps in core making.
1) Core sand preparation 2) Core moulding
3) Baking 4) Core finishing
34. What are the types of cores?
1) Green sand core 2) Horizontal core 3) Vertical core
4) Balanced core 5) Hanging core 6) Drop core
35. List out the ovens used for heating the core.
1) Batch type ovens
2) Continuous type ovens
3) Dielectric type ovens
36. What is iron-carbon equilibrium diagram?
,Uk;ig ntg;gg;gLj;Jk;NghNjh my;yJ Fsph;
tilar; nra;Ak;NghNjh> ,Uk;gpy; cs;s fhh;gd;
msT kw;Wk; ntg;gepiyia nghWj;J ,Uk;gpd;
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KAL PATHIPPAGAM– 99446 50380, 96266 26747
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KAL PATHIPPAGAM– 99446 50380, 96266 26747
43. List out the various casting processes.
1) Sand casting 5) Continuous casting
2) Gravity die casting 6) Chilled casting
3) Pressure die casting 7) Malleable casting
i) Hot chamber die casting 8) Shell mould casting
ii) Cold chamber die casting 9) Investment casting
4) Centrifugal casting
44. What are the applications of pressure die casting?
Carburettor body, crank case, fuel pump parts, sound horn,
wiper Nghd;wit jahhpf;fyhk;. NkYk; toys, cameras,
clocks, wahing machine parts Nghd;wtw;iw jahhpf;fg;
gad;gLfpwJ.
45. What is the difference between hot chamber die casting
and cold chamber die casting?
Hot chamber die castingy;> metalI cUf;Ftjw;F
heating chamber cs;sJ. ,e;j chamber MdJ burner
%yk; ntg;gg;gLj;jg; gLk;.
Cold chamber die castingy;> metalI cUf;Fk; heating
chamber ,y;iy. Metal ntspNa furnacey; jdpahf
cUf;fg;gl;L ladley; nfhz;L tug; gLfpwJ.
46. Mention the applications of centrifugal casting.
Water pipes, gun barrels, flywheel, bush bearings, gears
kw;Wk; brake drum Nghd;w castingfis jahhpf;fg;
gad;gLfpwJ.
47. What is continuous casting? Give its applications.
Continuous casting Kiwapy;> ePskhd vertical mouldy;
cUf;fpa cNyhfk; njhlh;r;rpahf Cw;wg;gl;L
casting cUthf;fg; gLfpwJ.
Round, square, hexagon Nghd;w tbtKila ePskhd
bar my;yJ rodfis ,k;Kiwapy; jahhpf;fyhk;.
48. What are the applications of chilled casting and malleable
casting?
Railway brake shoes, wheel rims, crusher jaws, machine
slide ways Nghd;wit chilled casting Kiwapy;
jahhpf;fg;gLfpwJ.
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17. What is seam welding? List out its applications.
Sheet metalfis xd;wpd; kPJ kw;nwhd;iw itj;J
njhlh;r;rpahf weld nra;tJ seam welding vdg;gLk;.
Radiators, drums, leak proof tanks, automobile silencers
Nghd;wtw;iw weld nra;a seam welding gad;gLfpwJ.
18. What is plasma? List out the advantages of plasma arc
welding.
Ionisedgas jet MdJ plasma vdg;gLk;. ,jpy;
fpilf;fFk; mjpf ntg;gj;jpidf; nfhz;L metalfs;
xd;whf ,izf;fg; gLfpd;wd.
Advantages of plasma arc welding :
1) midj;J metalfisAk; ,e;j Kiwapy; weld nra;ayhk;.
2) Filler rod Njitapy;iy.
3) Welding speed mjpfk;.
4) mjpf thickness cs;s workpieceI vspjpy; weld
nra;ayhk;.
5) jukhd welding joint fpilf;fpwJ.
19. What is thermit? Give the applications of thermit welding.
Thermit vd;gJ aluminium powder kw;Wk; iron oxide
(1:3) Nrh;e;j fyit MFk;.
fdkhd gFjpfs;> rails, pipes, shafts, cables kw;Wk;
cile;j machine framefs; Nghd;wtw;iw ,izf;f
thermit welding gad;gLfpwJ.
20. What is the principle involved in electron beam welding?
Give its applications.
,k;Kiwapy; mjpNtf electron beamI nghUspd; kPJ
Ftpar; nra;Ak; NghJ cz;lhFk; ntg;gj;jpdhy;
welding nra;ag;gLfpwJ.
Applications:
1) Automobilekw;Wk; Mfha tpkhd ghfq;fis
,izf;fyhk;.
2) Tungsten, molybdenum, tantalum Nghd;w m;jpf cUF
epiy cila metalfis ,izf;f gad;gLfpwJ.
3) Pressure vessel, turbine ghfq;fis ,izf;fyhk;.
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30. What is neutral flame? Give its application.
Oxygen kw;Wk; acetylene thAit rk tpfpjj;jpy;
gad; gLj;Jk; NghJ neutral flame cUthfpwJ.
Steel, cast iron, aluminium, copper kw;Wk; stainless steel
Nghd;wtw;iw welding nra;a neutral flame
gad;gLfpwJ.
31. When carburising flame is produced? State its
applications.
Oxygen I tpl acetylene mjpf mstpy; gad;gLj;Jk;
NghJ carburising flame cUthfpwJ.
Steel, alloy steels, non-ferrous metals, nickel, monel metal
Nghd;wtw;iw welding nra;a carburising flame
gad;gLfpwJ.
32. How oxidising flame is produced? List out its applications.
AcetyleneI tpl oxygen mjpf mstpy; gad;gLj;Jk;
NghJ oxidising flame cUthfpwJ.
Brass, bronze, manganese, steel Nghd;wtw;iw welding
nra;a oxidizing flame gad;gLfpwJ.
33. What are the two welding techniques?
1) Leftward or forward or forehand welding technique
2) Rightward or backward or backhand welding technique
34. Give the basic difference between two welding techniques.
Leftward welding Kiwapy; MdJ tyJ
torch flame
Gwj;jpy; ,Ue;J ,lJ Gwk; Nehf;fp efh;j;jg; gLfpwJ.
Rightward welding Kiwapy; torch flame MdJ ,lJ
Gwj;jpy; ,Ue;J tyJ Gwk; Nehf;fp efh;j;jg; gLfpwJ.
35. What is filler rod? Give examples for flux used in gas welding.
Welding rod MdJ filler material Mf gad;gLj;jg;
gLfpwJ. Filler rod MdJ base metalfspd;
gz;Gfisg; ngw;wpUf;f Ntz;Lk;.
Gas welding flux MdJ boric acid, soda ash kw;Wk;
sodium chloride, ammonium sulphate, iron oxide
Nghd;wtw;wpy; rpwpjsT fye;j fyitahf ,Uf;Fk;.
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36. Give the application of flame cutting.
Arc cutting Kiwapy; 100 mm tiu jbkd; cs;s steel
kw;Wk; iron platefis vspjpy; ntl;lyhk;.
37. What is solder and spelter?
Solder vd;gJ tin kw;Wk; lead Nrh;e;j fyit MFk;.
Spelter vd;gJ copper kw;Wk; zinc alloy Nrh;e;j fyit
MFk;.
38. Differentiate between soldering and brazing.
Fiwe;j cUFepiy cila cNyhff; fyit
(solder)ia gad;gLj;jp ,uz;L xNu khjphpahd my;yJ
NtWgl;l metalfis ,izg;gJ soldering vdg;gLk;.
mjpf cUFepiy cila cNyhff; fyit (spelter)ia
gad;gLj;jp ,uz;L xNu khjphpahd my;yJ NtWgl;l
metalfis ,izg;gJ brazing vdg;gLk;.
39. List out the types of brazing.
1) Torch brazing 3) Furnace brazing
2) Dip brazing 4) Induction brazing
40. What are the types of welded joints?
1) Butt joint 2) Lap joint 3) ‘T’ joint
4) Corner joint 5) Flange joint
41. List out the non-destructive and destructive methods for
welded joints.
Non destructive testing methods :
i) Magnetic particle test ii) X-ray test iii) Ultrasonic test
Destructive testing methods :
i) Nick brake test ii) Bend test iii) Tensile test
42. What are the applications of magnetic particle test, X-ray
test and ultrasonic test.
Cracks kw;Wk; slag fye;jpUg;gJ Nghd;w Fiwfs;
magnetic particle testy; fz;lwpag;gLfpwJ.
X-rya testy; porosity, bolw holes, cavities Nghd;w
Fiwfs; fz;lwpag; gLfpwJ.
Ultrasoic testy; ultrasonic wavesI gad;gLj;jp cracks,
blow holes porosity Nghd;w Fiwfis fz;lwpayhk;.
43. List out the various defects in welding.
1) Incomplete fusion 2) Slag inclusion 3) Crack
4) Undercut 3) Porosity and blow holes
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38. What are the methods used for manufacturing metal powders?
1) Atomization 2) Electrolytic deposition
3) Chemical reduction 4) Machining
5) Shotting 6) Milling 7) Grinding
39. What are the applications of atomization and electrolytic
deposition?
Atomization Kiwapy; Fiwe;j cUF epiy nfhz;l
metalfspd; (mYkpdpak;> <ak;> Jj;jehfk;) powder
jahhpf;fyhk;.
Electrolytic Kiwapy; nrk;G> ,Uk;G>
deposition
nts;sp> Jj;jehfk; Nghd;w metal fspd; powder
jahhpf;fyhk;.
40. Define : i) Blending ii) Sintering
Njitahd gz;Gfisg; ngWtjw;F rhpahd
tpfpjj;jpy; metal kw;Wk; non-metal powderfis
fyg;gJ mixing my;yJ blending vdg;gLk;.
fhw;iw fl;Lg;gLj;jpa R+o;epiyapy; green compactI
mjd; basic metald; cUF epiyf;F rw;W Fiwthf
ntg;gg;gLj;JtJ sintering vdg;gLk;.
41. What is compacting? List out the types of pressing.
Mixing nra;j metal powderI diey; Njitahd msT
kw;Wk; tbtj;jpw;F mOj;JtJ pressing vdg;gLk;.
,J briquetting vd;Wk; miof;fg;gLk;.
Peressingy; fPo;f;fz;l ,uz;L tiffs; cs;sJ.
1) Cold pressing 2) Hot pressing
42. List out the finishing operations in powder metallurgy.
1) Sizing or coining 2) Infiltration 3) Impregnation
4) Machining 5) Heat treatment 6) Metal coating.
43. What is infiltration? Give its advantages.
Sintering nra;ag;gl;l nghUspy; cs;s Ez;
Jisfis (pores) Fiwe;j cUFepiy nfhz;l
NtnwhU cUfpa metalMy; epug;GtJ infiltration
vdg;gLk;.
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52. What are the rules for cutting LH and RH threads in lathe.
Right hand thread cutting nra;Ak; NghJ lead screw
kw;Wk; spindle xNu directiony; Rw;Wk;. Tool (carriage)
MdJ head stockI Nehf;fp efUk;.
Left hand thread cutting nra;Ak; NghJ lead screw
MdJ spindlef;F vjph; jpirapy; Rw;Wk;. Tool
(carriage) MdJ tail stockI Nehf;fp efUk;.
53. Define cutting speed. Write the formula for cutting speed.
RoYk; workpiecey; ,Ue;J tool xU epkplj;jpy; ntl;b
vLf;Fk; chipd; ePsk; cutting speed vdg;gLk;.
πDN
Cutting speed, Vc = (m / min)
1000
,q;F, D – Worrkpieced; diameter (mm),
N – Workpiece RoYk; Ntfk; (rpm)
54. Define : i) Feed ii) Depth of cut.
Workpieced; xU KOr; Rw;Wf;F tool efUk; J}uk;
feed vdg;gLk;.
L
Feed , f =
N × Tm
,q;F, L – Length of cut (mm)
N – Workpiece RoYk; Ntfk; (rpm)
Tm – Machining time / Cutting (min)
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MRR Cutting speed Feed Depth of cut
πDN
MRR Vc f t f t (mm3/min)
1000
,q;F, D – Workpieced; diameter (mm),
N – Workpiece RoYk; Ntfk; (rpm)
f – feed (mm/rev)
t – Depth of cut (mm)
56. What is semi-automatic lathe. Give its types.
Semi automatic lathe vd;gJ loading, unloading kw;Wk;
toolI machining positionf;F nfhz;L tUtJ
Mfpait manualMfTk; kw;w vy;yh operationfSk;
automatic MfTk; nra;af; $ba xU machine MFk;.
Semi automatic lathey; fPo;fz;l ,uz;L tiffs;
cs;sd.
1) Capstan lathe my;yJ Ram type lathe
2) Turret lathe my;yJ Saddle type lathe
57. List out the principal parts in capston lathe.
1) Bed 2) Head Stock 3) Cross slide
4) Turret head and saddle 5) Preset stops
58. What is turret head?
Turret head vd;gJ 6 ntt;NtW toolfis nghUj;jf;
$ba hexagonal tbt mikg;G MFk;. ,J nrq;Fj;J
mr;rpy; indexing (xU Fwpg;gpl;l anglef;F Rw;wtJ)MfpwJ.
59. What is preset stops in turret lathe?
Turret heady; cs;s 6 toolfspd; mjpfgl;r efh;tpid
fl;Lg;gLj;j 6 adjustable stopfs; cs;sd.
xU Fwpg;gpl;l toolf;fhd turretd; efh;tpid adjustable stop
%yk; preset nra;ayhk;.
60. What is the use of Geneva mechanism?
xt;nthU operationd; KbtpYk; index plate kw;Wk; turrret
headI 60o f;F Row;wp indexing nra;tjw;F Geneva
mechanism gad;gLfpwJ.
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48. Mention the uses of sine centre and compound sine table.
rhjhuz sine bary; nghUj;j ,ayhj $k;G tbt
workpiecefis nghUj;Jtjw;F sine centre gad;gLfpwJ.
kpfg; nghpa workpiecefspy; $l;Lf; Nfhzq;fis
mstpLtjw;F compound sine table cjTfpwJ.
49. What are the uses of sine bar?
njhpahj Nfhzj;ij mstpLtjw;F
njhpe;j Nfhz mstpw;F workpieceI nghUj;Jtjw;F
gSthd nghUl;fspy; njhpahj Nfhzj;ij
mstpLtjw;F
50. Write the limitations of sine bar.
1) ,uz;L rollerfspd; ikaq;fSf;F ,ilNaAs;s
J}uj;jpid mstpLk; Jy;ypaj;ijg; nghWj;Nj sine
bard; Jy;ypak; mikAk;.
2) Nfhz mstPLfSf;fhd Kjd;ikahd jukhf
,jid gad;gLj;j KbahJ.
3) 15°f;F Fiwthd Nfhz msTfSf;Nf sine
jj;Jtk; Vw;wjhf mikfpwJ. mjw;F Nkw;gl;l
Nfhz msTfs; Jy;ypakhf mikahJ.
4) 45°f;F mjpfkhd Nfhz msTfis mstpLtjw;F
sine bar Vw;wJ my;y.
51. What is clinometer? Give its uses.
Clinometer vd;gJ> fpilkl;lj; jsj;jpid nghWj;J xU
nrq;Fj;Jj; jsj;jpd; rha;tpid fz;lwpag; gad;gLk;
xU rpwg;G tif spirit level MFk;.
Uses :
1) fpilkl;lj; jsj;jpidg; nghWj;J xU rha;thd
jsj;jpd; Nfhzj;ij mstpl gad;gLfpwJ.
2) xd;Wf;nfhd;W rha;thf cs;s ,uz;L gug;GfSf;F
,ilNaAs;;s Nfhzj;ij mstpl gad;gLfpwJ.
52. What is vial?
Vial vd;gJ spirit levelf;Fs; cs;s kpf Jy;ypkhd msT
nfhz;l %ba fz;zhb Foha; MFk;. ,jDs; jputk;
epug;gg; gl;bUf;Fk;.
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53. What is the principle involved in autocollimator?
gpujpgypf;Fk; jsj;ij 𝜃°vd;w rpwpa Nfhz mstpw;F
jpUg;gp mikf;Fk;NghJ> gpujpgypf;fg;gLk; xspf;
fjph;fs; xsp mr;Rf;F 2𝜃° Nfhz msT rha;thf
jpUg;gp mDg;gg; gLfpwJ.
,e;j xspf;fjph;fs;> Ftp jsj;jpd; kPJ njhlf;fg;
Gs;spapy; ,Ue;J 𝑥 = 2𝜃𝑓 J}uj;jpy; cs;s xU
Gs;spapy; Ftpf;fg; gLfpwJ. ,q;F 𝑓 vd;gJ nyd;rpd;
Ftpaj; J}uk; MFk;.
54. How angles are measured in angle dekkor?
,e;j fUtpapy;> angle gauges Nghd;w tiuaWf;fg;gl;l
juj;jpidf; nfhz;L mse;jwpag;gLk; Nfhz
kjpg;igAk;> workpiecef; nfhz;L mse;jwpag;gLk;
Nfhz kjpg;igAk; xg;gpl;Lg; ghh;j;J work pieced;
Nfhz msT fz;lwpag; gLfpwJ. vdNt ,J xU
comparatorIg; Nghd;W nray;gLk;.
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