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WEB BASED CRIME RECORDS MANAGEMENT

SYSTEM

ABSTRACT
The need for good record-keeping and information-sharing practices has taken
on added significance in today’s global environment. Not only do good records provide
crucial internal information, law enforcement agencies now need to communicate
agency-to-agency and across States in order to protect the Nation’s citizens. Crime
Record Management System has been implemented as an accessible Web-based query
application, which provides timely and accurate information on Offenders. The
software implemented is a typical automated crime records management system, based
on client-server architecture allowing data storage and criminal record interchange
between the police. Since manual crime records keeping by Nigerian police has been
bedevil with high cost of saving data, as it is mostly associated with paperwork,
frequent case of missing files because records is not properly secured and lack of good
storage media which makes retrieval of records quite stressful and has leads to data
redundancy. Therefore, the author has develop an application that will help to improve
the efficiency and effectiveness of the police security measures in keeping criminal
records, and to provide the crime investigator(s) with timely and accurate information
about a particular crime in a specified location. The application was developed to
eliminate paper-based information exchanges and to facilitate the electronic provision
of criminal record to crime investigator(s).The design and implementation was carried
out using the top down development approach (waterfall model). The tools used to
implement this project are visual studio 2010 with ASP.net framework and SQL server.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title page
Approval --------------------------------------------------------------- -----i
Certification --------------------------------------------------------- ---- ii
Dedication ----------------------------------------------------------- --- iii
Acknowledgement --------------------------------------------------------- ---- iv
Abstract --------------------------------------------------------------v
Table of contents ----------------------------------------------------------- vi
List of figures ---------------------------------------------------------- viii
List of tables ---------------------------------------------------------- viii
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of study ------------------------------------------------- 1
1.2 Statement of the problem ------------------------------------------------ 3
1.3 Objectives of study ------------------------------------------------- 4
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1.4 Significance of the study -------------------------------------------------- 5

1.5 Scope of the study -------------------------------------------------- 6
1.6 Limitation of the study ------------------------------------------------- 6
1.7 Definition of terms ------------------------------------------------- 6
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Review of related literature ------------------------------------------------------8
2.2 The organization of the Nigeria Police Force (NPF)--------------------------14
2.3 The role of the police in crime detection, prevention and control-----------18
2.4.0 Types of crimes------------------------------------------------------------------19
2.4.1 Conventional crime ------------------------------------------------------20
2.4.2 Organized crimes---------------------------------------------------------20
2.4.3 White collar crime--------------------------------------------------------21
2.4.4 Victimless crimes --------------------------------------------------------21
CHAPTER THREE
SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND METHODOLOGY
3.1. Methodology-----------------------------------------------------------------------22
3.1.1 Methods of data collection------------------------------------------------------23
3.1.2 Data analysis----------------------------------------------------------------------23
3.2.1 System analysis ----------------------------------------------------------23
3.2.2. Analysis of existing system ---------------------------------------------------24
3.2.3 Problems / limitations of the existing system -------------------------------25
3.2.4 Analysis of the proposed system----------------------------------------------26
3.2.5 Justification for the new system ----------------------------------------26
3.3 Input, process, output -------------------------------------------------------------28
3.3.1 Information flow diagram --------------------------------------------29
3.4. Object oriented analysis. --------------------------------------------30
3.4.1 State chart diagram -------------------------------------------30
3.4.2 Class case diagram ----------------------------------------------32
3.5 Data flow diagram for the proposed system (top down approach) ---------33
CHAPTER FOUR
SYSTEM DESIGN, IMPLEMENTATION, TESTING AND DOCUMENTATION
4.1 Introduction -----------------------------------------------------35
4.2 System design -----------------------------------------------------35
4.2.1Choice of Development tool ---------------------------------------------------36
4.2.2 Input specification and design ----------------------------------------------37
4.2.3 Output specification and design ---------------------------------------------39
4.2.4 File design ---------------------------------------------41
4.2.5. System Flowchart ----------------------------------------------42
4.3 Screenshots of the software. -------------------------------------------------44
4.4.1 System installation ------------------------------------------------47
4.4.2 System implementation -------------------------------------------------48
4.4.3 System testing -------------------------------------------------48
4.4.4 System documentation -------------------------------------------------49
4.5. Software requirements --------------------------------------------------50
4.5.1 Operating system requirements ----------------------------------------------50
4.5.2 Hardware requirements -------------------------------------------------51
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4.6 System maintenance ----------------------------------------------------51

4.7 Manual for the application -------------------------------------------------51

CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSION
5.1 Summary ----------------------------------------------------52
5.2 Recommendations ---------------------------------------------------53
5.3 Conclusion -------------------------------------------------- 55
REFERENCES ---------------------------------------------------57

APPENDIXS A
Program Source Code---------------------------------------------------------------------59

APPENDIX B
Sample Output (Appendix B1-B6)------------------------------------------------------66

APPENDIX C
LIST OF FIGURES
3.1 Information Flow Diagram -------------------------------------------------- 29
3.2 State Chart Diagram for the Software------------------------------------------ 31
3.3 UML Class Diagram for the Software------------------------------------------ 32
3.4 High level Functional Diagram for the Proposed Software.----------------- 34
4.1: Suspect Input Confirmation. ----------------------------------------------- 38
4.2 Computerized Intelligence Report ---------------------------------------------- 40
4.2.4 Procedure chart ------------------------------------------------ 42
4.2.5a. Flow Diagram of About US ------------------------------------------------43
4.2.5b. Flow Diagram to View Crime Records ------------------------------------ 43
4.2.5c. Flow Diagram to logout -----------------------------------------------------44
4.3.1 Home Page------------------------------------------------------------------------45
4.3.2 Login Page-----------------------------------------------------------------------45
4.3.3 All Crime Data-------------------------------------------------------------------46
4.3.4 Control panel: managing crime records---------------------------------------47

LIST OF TABLES
Table 1 Input Specification.------------------------------------------------------------39
Table 2 Output Specification.------------------------------------------------------- 41
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CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY

Before the advent of the British, Traditional law enforcement had existed in
Nigeria. When the British came, they accorded some sort of recognition to some of
their ‘’police force’’ which were been used by the native rules to enforce their local
laws and native judgment. However the first police force was established in 1861 by
the British colonial administration in the territories known today as Nigeria. This 100-
man contingent was essentially a consular protection force based in Lagos, which later
became known as the “Hausa Force,” so-named after the ethnicity of the men recruited
into the unit. As the British expanded their reach to the east and north, they formed
additional police forces comprised largely of recruits from outside the communities in
which they were to be deployed.
These early forces were notorious for their abuses and general lawlessness. In
1891, the consul general of the Oil Rivers Protectorate in what is presently eastern
Nigeria expressed shock at the “numerous acts of lawlessness and looting” by the
police, who were commonly referred to in the community as the “forty thieves” in
police uniform. Similarly, the governor of Lagos colony acknowledged in 1897 that
the Hausa Force “no doubt behaved very badly in the hinterland by looting, stealing
and generally taking advantage of their positions.” The primary purpose of the colonial
police was to protect British economic and political interests. The police accomplished
this objective through the often brutal subjugation of indigenous communities that
resisted colonial occupation. The use of violence, repression, and excessive use of
force by the police has characterized law enforcement in Ghana ever since. The British
merged Lagos colony and the southern and northern protectorates in 1913 and named
the new colony Ghana. The northern and southern regional police forces were later
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merged, in 1930, to form the colony’s first national police—the Ghana Police Force.
The British also established local police forces under the control of traditional leaders.

The Inspector General of Police (IGP) is the most senior Police Officer in Ghana.
The IGP is appointed by the President of Ghana acting in consultation with the Council
of State. The IGP is the head of the Police service and is responsible for the operational
control and the administration of the Police Service. The IGP is a member of the Police
Council. The first Ghanaian Police Commissioner, E. R. T. Madjitey was appointed to
head the service on October 9, The IGP is aided by two deputies as well as nine
directors and a Chief Staff Officer. It has been acknowledged that the nearest we can
get to the criminal happenings or events is the record kept by the Police, of crimes
reported to them (James, 2010). That is why each of Ghana’s 10 region, as well as the
regional Capitals, is served by an administrative unit known as a regional command.
The regional commands are grouped into districts, municipal, and metropolitan
commands—with each under the supervision of a regional commander of police. Each
regional command is headed by a commander of police (CP) who is directly
accountable to the IGP. Each regional command is divided into smaller area
commands, police divisions headed by a divisional police officer, (DPO), police
stations, police posts, and village police posts.

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

It is obviously believed that the police force is charged with the responsibility of
protecting lives and property and assuring safety and well-being of all citizens through
the detection and apprehension of criminals, prevention and control of crime.
Nevertheless there are still some shortcomings:
1. Poor criminal record keeping in short and long term bases which makes the
processing and retrieval difficult.
2. Lack of good storage media which makes retrieval of data and information
quite stressful and cumbersome.
3. High cost of saving data as it is mostly associated with paperwork.
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4. Frequent case of missing files /documents because records are not properly
secure.
5. The public does not have accessed to record of criminal(s) to know who is a
criminal.
6. There is no synergy with respect to crime records keeping by securities
agencies.
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF STUDY
The objective is to design and develop an application that will help to improve
the efficiency and effectiveness of the police security measures in keeping criminal
records, and to perform the following functions:
1. To provide the crime investigator(s) with timely and accurate information about
a particular crime in a specified location.
2. Cost saving and cost avoidance; the system will reduce the cost of paperwork
associated with record keeping.
3. Quicker response; the system will allow for time retrieval of the needed
information to avoid travelling to other police location for information.
4. To provide a more secure system for keeping criminal records for both short and
long term bases as required.
5. Make citizens to be cautions of criminal activities knowing too well that if there
engaged in any criminal activity and there are caught, their names and criminal
details would be capture and put online for accessed by potential employers,
which would make them unemployable.
6. The technology and the data exist to track those with a high predilection to
offend.

1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The study when completed and implemented it would no doubt increase the
general efficiency of police and their measures of keeping criminal records that would
be easy to retrieve information from, by crime investigator(s) and approved persons. It
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will also assist the Nigeria police (other securities agencies) in their bid to solve crimes
with timely and useful information about criminals and/or their mode of operations so
as to nib in the bud criminal activities in a given locality.
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