PLANNING DESIGNING AND ANALYSING OF

BANK BUILDING
PROJECT REPORT

Submitted By

A.ANJU (611815103005)

R.ASNITHA (611815103009)

T.DIVYA PREETHA (611815103017)

S.LEELA SONIYA (611815103030)

In a partial fulfilment for the award of the degree of

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
IN
CΤVIL ENGINEERING

P.S.V. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

KRISHNAGIRI - 635108,
ANNA UNΤVERSITY: CHENNAI – 600025,
OCTOBER-2018
 BONAFIDE CERTIFΤCATE

This is to certify that the Project report entitled “PLANNING DESIGNING AND

ANALYSING OF BANK BUILDING” is the bonafide record of project work

done by“A.ANJU, R.ASNITHA, T.DΤVIYA PREETHA, and S.LEELA

SONIYA”

Who carrτCd out the technτCal seminar work under my supervision.

SIGNATURE SIGNATURE
Mr.M.P.SENTHIL KUMAR. M.E.,(Ph.D) Mr. B.HARIPRASAD. M.E.,
HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT PROJECT GUIDE
Department of Cτvil Engineering, Department of Cτvil Engg.
P.S.V College of Engg & Tech, P.S.V College of Engg &Tech,
Krishnagiri-635108 Krishnagiri-635108

Submitted for the end semester vτva- voce examination held on ___________

INTERNAL EXAMINER EXTERNAL EXAMINER

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We happy to wish my acknowledgement with deep since pleasure and

gratitude to the following great personalitτCs of my college who offers to make me

a great knowledge out of to passion.

We express our heart full thanks to our chairman Dr. P.SELVAM M.A.,

B.Ed., Ph.D.D.Litt. P.S.V College of Engineering & Technology Krishnagiri. For

Showering us thunder below support.

We are extremely thankful to Dr. LAWRENCE M.E.,Ph.D Principal P.S.V

College of Engineering & Technology Krishnagiri. For having provided the

facilitτCs to do this project.

We would like to express our sincere gratitude Mr.M.P.SENTHIL

KUMAR M.E (Ph.D) Head of the Department of Cτvil Engineering P.S.V

College of Engineering & Technology, Krishnagiri. For his guidance and

encouragement provided throughout the course of this project.

We thank this opportunity to thank our guide Mr.B.HARIPRASAD.M.E.

Assistant Professor in Cτvil Engineering P.S.V College of Engineering &

Technology, Krishnagiri.

Finally we would like to express our respect and regards to our teaching and

non- teaching staffs and our classmates for their encouragement provided towards

the completion of the project report.

 ABSTRACT

NAME OF WORK:

Planning Designing and Analysing of Bank Building the object of this

project is to understand and gain knowledge in the fτCld of planning, and

designing of apartment with commercial building.

This project is the construction of an apartment with commercial building for a

prτvate party by a contractor at GV builders.

At present there are many apartment buildings whτCh are much luxurious and

costlτCr; in whτCh moderate familτCs couldn’t afford .but this apartment with

commercial building is designed in such a way whτCh could lower the cost as a

result where moderate familτCs can afford.

On the other hand owning a land in main areas is very diffτCult and

construction material cost is also very high.

Hence my apartment with commercial building will be suitable for all

classes of family and for various purposes.This work is carrτCd out as per Tamil

Nadu P.W.D; the approximate cost of the building per sq.feet is 85 thousand.

My project has various advantages; I have especially maintained safety

procedures such as fire exit, lockers, etc.

Though this may seem a little project, the aim of constructing this design is

high
 SPECIFCATION REPORT
GENERAL:
The Bank building is proposed to construct to tirupattur. The preparation of
detailed estimate, design of various structural members and drawing were doe.
SITE CLEARANCE:
The ground is mostly levelled one. the bushes and grasses are removed from
the ground and make it level.
Earth work excavation
Its is carrτCd out to a depth of 10m from ground level to the width of 2.0m for all
main walls.
FOUNDATION:
The foundation for all main walls be I cement 1:4:10 mix,1.5m wide and
0.40m tk laid at 1.0m below the ground level.
BASEMENT:
The basement will be in brτCk in cement mortar 1:5, 0.20m wide 0.450m tk
above ground level for all main walls and portτCo the basement will be filled with
clean sand to a depth of 0.45m. A damp proof course in cement mortar 1:3,
0.20mtk will be provided for all main walls at basement level.
SUPER STRUCTURES:
All main walls be in brτCk work in cement mortar 1:5, using first class
brτCks, 0.30mtk.the partition walls will be 0.150m tk in cement mortar 1:5 using
first class brτCks. The height of all main walls will be 3.15m above floor level. the
height of roof at veranda portion will be 3.15m. all walls including basement will
be plaster smooth with cement mortar 1:5 externally and internally for 0.012m
tk.parapet walls 0.30m tk and 0.60m height will be provided all around the
building.
ROOFING:
The roof slab will be R.C.C 1:2:4 mix, using 20mm size broken stone.
necessary design calculations are worked out and they are provided as per design.
R.C.C BEAMS & LINTELS:
All the beams and lintel shall be of R.C.C 1:2:4 mix using 20mm hard broken
stone jelly with necessary reinforcement and dimension as per design calculation.
WEATHERING COURSE:
Over the roof slab, weathering course will be provided for 80mm by using
brτCk bats & slaked lime and one course of pressed tiles will be provided by
using cement mortar 1:3.
FLOORING:
The flooring will be in cement concrete mix 1:5:10,0.20mtk, plastered
smooth with cement mortar 1:3,0.020m tk for all the portions.
White washing & colour washing
All the walls shall be white washed with two coats then the washing is
done.
PAINTING:
All the doors, shutters & ventilator shall be painted with first class over a
cost of primer.
 OBJECTΤVE
ROOM IDENTIFΤCATION
Each room and its intended use must be clearly shown on the plans by the
applτCant for plan revτCw purposes.
SMOKE ALARMS:
A smoke alarm is installed in each sleeping room, including each
bedroom, and other habitable rooms that potentially be sleeping room that contain
an intervening door that can be closed to separate the room from areas otherwise
provided with smoke alarms, as well as outside each separate area in the immediate
vτCinity of bedroom, and each addition storey of the dwelling including basement
(but excluding crawl spaces and uninhabitable attτCs.) in dwelling units with split
levels and without an intervening door between the adjacent levels, a smoke alarm
installed on the upper level shall suffτCe for the adjacent lower level provided that
the lower level is less than one full story below the upper level.
SAFETY GLAZING:
Glazing in all fixed and operable panels of swinging, sliding and bifold door,
except decoratτve glazing and glazed openings.
Tub, shower, hot tub, whirlpool, sauna, & steam room enclosures and any
glazing in a bathroom wall enclosure, the bottom is less than 60” above the
walking surface.
NATURAL LIGHT & VENTILATION:
All habitable rooms shall be provided with aggregate-glazing area of not less than
eight percent (8%) of the floor area of such rooms, except for rooms whτCh have
artifτCial light capable of average illumination of 6 foot-candles at a height of 30”
above floor.
WATER CLOSET CLEARANCES:
Water closets shall be located in a clear space not less than 30” in width, and not
closer than 15” from the center of the fixture to a wall or other side barrτCr such as
a tub. The clear space in front of the water closet shall be at least 21”. The ceiling
height at the front of the water closet shall be at 6’8” high being, and the ceiling
height above the fixture shall such that the fixture is capable of being used for its
intended purpose.
TIGHT-FITING DOORS (FIREPLACE):
Solid fuel burning appliances and fireplaces shall be provided With tight-fitting
glass or metal doors, or a fuel draft induction fan or as approved for minimizing
back-drafting. An outside source of combustion air shall be ducted to the firebox
with ducts at least 6 square inches.
 1. PROJECT AT A GLANCE

Name of project : Bank Building

Type of construction : R.C.C.Structure

Plinth area : 466 m2

Total area : 11000/ m2

Design code : I.S.456:2000

Grade of concrete : M20 concrete

Grade of steel : Fe 415 steel

 CONTENTS

CHAPTER TITLE PAGE NO:

NO:
ABSTRACT I
SPECIFΤCATION REPORT II
OBJECTΤVE ΤV
1 PROJECT AT A GLANCE VI
1.1 LIST OF FIGURES i

1.2 LIST OF TABLE ii

1.3 LIST OF SYMBOLS iii

2 DESIGN OF APPARTMENT BUILDING

2.1 Design of slab
bbbbbBUILDING 1
2.2 Design of beam 61
2.3 Design of column 82
2.4 Design of lintel cum sunshade 90
2.5 Design of footing 95

3 DRAWINGS OF REINFORCEMENT 117

DETAILS
4 BIBLIOGRAPHY 118

5 CONCLUSION 119
DRAWINGS
DESIGN OF SLAB
 DESIGN OF SLAB 1 (ONE LONG EDGE DISCONTINOUS)

Size of room = 3000 𝑥 3000

𝑙𝑦
Type of slab =
𝑙𝑥

3900
=
3000

= 1.3 < 2

Thus the slab is two way slabs

Design content

BasτC value = 32 × 0.8 = 26

ModifτCation factor = 1.4
fy = 415𝑁/𝑚𝑚2
fck = 20𝑁/𝑚𝑚2

Effective depth

(Shorter span)
3000
d = 𝑥1.40
26

= 85 ≈ 100 𝑚𝑚

provide a total thτCkness of 120 mm with an Effective depth of 100 mm

Effective span

Wide of Support < (1/12) x clear span

3000
300 > ( )
12

300 > 250

 LOAD CALCULATION
Deed Load
1.Weathering Course = (1𝑥1) = 1𝐾𝑁/𝑚
2. Selfweight = (1x 0.12x25) = 3 𝐾𝑁/𝑚
Imposed Load
From IS 875 – pent – access not provide
For Bank Buildings I.L – 1 (3+0.75) = 3.75 KN/m
Total Load = 7.75KN/m
Design Load = (1.5x 7.75)
Bending Moments Co-EffτCτCnt
From table 2b of IS 456-2000:
Bending Moments Co- EffτCτCnt of
Shorter Direction +𝛼𝑋 = 0.047
−𝛼𝑥 = 0.035
Bending Moment Co-effτCτCnt of longer direction +𝛼𝑦 = 0.047
−𝛼𝑦 = 0.035
Bending Moment Co-effτCτCnt of longer direction +𝛼𝑦 = 0.028
−𝛼𝑦 = 0.037
Design Bending Moment
B.M.along shorter Span @ Continuous Edge. 𝑀𝑥1 = 𝛼𝑥 𝑤𝑙 2 𝑥 1
= 0.035 x 3² x 11.625
= 5.23 KN/m.
B.M along Shorter Span @ Mid Span 𝑀𝑥2 = 𝛼𝑥 𝑤𝑙 2 𝑥 1
= 0.047 x 3² x 11.625
= 7.01 KN/m.
B.M. along Longer Span@ Continuous Edge: 𝑀𝑦1 = 𝛼𝑦 𝑤𝑙 2 𝑥 2
= 0.035 x 3² x 11.625
= 3.66 KN/m.
B.M.along longer Span @ Mid Span 𝑀𝑦2 = 𝛼𝑦 𝑤𝑙 2 𝑥 2
= 0.047 x 3² x 11.625
= 4.50 KN/m
Depth Required for Strength
For balanced section of M20 grade concrete & Fe415 grade steel.
Moment of Resistance MR = 2.76bd²
Maximum bending moment = 7.01 x 106 Nmm
Equating the Maximum bending moment to the moment of Resistance of the
section.
√𝑀𝑅
Effective depth required =
2.76 𝑋 𝑏
106
=√(7.01 𝑥 𝑥 1000)
2.76

= 50.39mm < 100mm

REIN FORCEMENT
Effective depth of steel bar of shorter direction 𝑙𝑥 = 100 𝑚𝑚 providing
8mm # bars in both direction.
Effective depth of steel bars in longer direction = 100-8
= 92 mm
Shorter direction @ continuous edge,
Mu = 0.87 fy Ast d [1-( fy x Ast /fck x b x d)]
5-23 x 106 = 0.87 x 415 x Ast x 100 [1-415 AST / 20 X 1000 X 100)
Ast x 1 = 149.9mm2
Shorter direction @ Mid Span.
Mu = 0.87 fy Ast d [1-( fy x Ast /fck x b x d)]
3.66 x 106 = 0.87 x 415 x Ast x 92 [1-415 Ast / 20 X 1000 x 92)
Ast y 1 = 144mm2
Longer direction @ Mid Span
Mu = 0.87 fy Ast d [1-( fy x Ast /fck x b x d)]
4.5 x 106 = 0.87 x 415 x Ast x 92 [1-415 Ast / 20 X 1000 x 92)
Ast y2 = 144mm2
0.12
Minimum area of Steel required = 𝑥 1000 𝑥 120
100
= 144 mm²
Spacing
Maximum permitted spacing of bars = 3 x d (or) 300 mm
= 3 x 100
= 300 mm (or) 300 mm.
Spacing of bar in Shorter Span @
𝜋 82
Continuous Edge = 𝑥 𝑥 1000
4 144

= 300 mm
Provide 8mm # bars @ 300 mm C/C in Shorter Direction
𝜋 82
Spacing of bar in Shorter Span @ Mid Edge = 𝑥 𝑥 1000
4 202.46

= 248 mm
Provide 8mm # bars@ 248 mm C/C in shorter direction
𝜋 82
Spacing of bar in longer span @ continues Edge = 𝑥 𝑥 1000
4 144

= 300 mm
Provide 8 mm # bars @ 300 mm c/c in longer direction.
𝜋 82
Spacing of bar in longer span @ mid span = 𝑥 𝑥 1000
4 144
= 300 mm
Provide 8 mm # bars @ 300 mm c/c in longer direction
Edge Step Reinforcement
Area of steel required for edge steip = 144 mm²
Provide 8mm # bars
𝜋 82
Spacing = 𝑥 𝑥 1000
4 144
= 300 mm
Tension Reinforcement
Corner having one direction edge.
Size of Reinforcement Mesh = ly/8
= 3.9/8
= 0.487m
Area of steel required at Mid Span = 149.49mm²
Area of Steel required per layer of tension.
Reinforcement = 3/4 x 149.49 x 0.487
= 54.60mm²
No. of 6mm # bars in Each layer = 54.60/28.27
= 1.9 – 4.
Provide four layers of 4 Nos of 6mm # bars at Corner of Slab.

Check of Stiffens:
𝜋 82
AST Provide = 𝑥 𝑥 1000
4 300

= 167.57mm²
100
% of steel provided = 167.57 𝑥 𝑥 100
1000

= 0.167 %
171
fs = 0.58 𝑥 415 𝑥
167.57

fs = 210N/mm²
From IS 456 - 2000;
M.F = 1.8
3000
Effective depth Required =
26𝑥1.8

= 64 mm < 100 mm
Hence the slab is safe against stiffens.
Result
Room dimension = 3.0 m x 3.9m
Main Reinforcement at
Shorter direction @ continuous edge = 8mm ∅ bars # 300 c/c
Main Reinforcement at
Shorter @ mid span = 8 mm ∅ bars @ 248 c/c
Main Reinforcement at
Longer direction @ continuous edge = 8 mm ∅ bars @ 300 c/c
Main Reinforcement at
Longer direction @ min span = 8 mm ∅ bars @ 300 c/c
Edge strip reinforcement = 8mm ∅ bars 300c/c
Tension Reinforcement = 4 Nos of 6 mm # bars
 DESIGN OF TWO WAY SLAB
Design SpecifτCation:
Room dimension : 3.om x 3.om
Grade of Concrete : M20 grade
Grade of Steel : Fe 415 steel
End Condition : One Edge discontinuous (Comes not held down)
Side’s Ratio:
Length / Breadth of the room = ly/lx
= 3.0/3.0
= 1<2
Therefore the slab is design to be a two way slab.
Depth required for stiffress
Clean span of shorter direction : 3.om
: 3000 mm
As per clawe 24.1 of IS 456-2000
BasτC value of I/d ratio = 26
Assuring the modifτCation factor value as 1.4
Approximate Effective depth required = 3000 /(26 x 1.40)
= 85 ≅ 100 mm
Provide a total thτCkness of 120 mm with an Effective depth of 100 mm
Effective Span
Wide of support < (1/12) x clean span
300 > 3000/12
300 > 250
As per IS 456 = 2000,
Clear span = Effective depth
Effective span = 3000 mm
 Load Calculation:
Deed Load
1. Weathering Course = (1 x L)
2. Self weight = ( 1 x 0.12 x 25)
Imposed Load
From IS 875 – Part 2 – access not provide
For bank building I.L = 1(3+0.75) = 3.75 KN/m
Total Load = 7.75 KN/m
Design Load = (1.5 x 7.75)
W = 11.625 KN/m
Bending Moments Co – EffτCτCnt
From table 26 of IS 456-2000;
Bending moment Co-effτCτCnt of
Shorter Direction +𝛼𝑥 = 0.028 − 𝛼𝑥 = 0.037
Bending moments Co-EffτCτCnt of
Longer Direction +𝛼7 = 0.028 − 𝛼𝑦 = 0.037
Design bending moments
BM along shorter span @ continuous edge.
𝑀𝑥1 = 𝛼𝑥𝑤𝑙 2 𝑥 2
= 0.037x3² x 11.625
= 4.50 KN/m
BM along longer span @ continuous edge.
𝑀𝑦1 = 𝛼𝑦𝑤𝑙 2 𝑥 2
= 0.037x3³ x 11.625
= 4.50 KN/m
BM along longer span @ Mid Span.
𝑀𝑦2 = 𝛼𝑦𝑤𝑙 2 𝑥 2
= 0.028x3³ x 11.625
= 5.69 KN/m
Depth required for Strength
For balanced sectioM20 grade concrete & Feu15 grade Steel.
Moment of Resistance, MR = 2.76 bd²
Maximum bending moment = 5.96 x 106NMM
Equation maximum bending moment is the moment of resistance of
the secion.
𝑀𝑅
Effective depth required = √ 𝑋6
2.76

106
= √(5.96 𝑋 𝑋 100)
276

= 46mm < 100 mm

Reinforcement
Effective depth of Steel bar of Shorter direction: lx = 100 mm
Providing 8mm # bars in both direction,
Effective depth of steel bars in longer direction = 100-8
= 92 mm
Shorter direction @ continuous edge,
Mu = 0.87 fy Ast d [1-( fy x Ast /fck x b x d)]
4.5 x 106 = 0.87 x 415 x Ast x 100 [1-415 AST / 20 X 1000 X 100)
Ast x 1 = 128mm2
Shorter direction @ Mid Span.
Mu = 0.87 fy Ast d [1-( fy x Ast /fck x b x d)]
5.96 x 106 = 0.87 x 415 x Ast x 100 [1-415 Ast / 20 X 1000 x 100)
Ast x2 = 171mm2
Longer direction @ continuous edge,
Mu = 0.87 fy Ast d [1-( fy x Ast /fck x b x d)]
4.5 x 106 = 0.87 x 415 x Ast x 92 [1-415 AST / 20 X 1000 X 92)
Ast y 1 = 144mm2
Longer direction @ Mid Span
Mu = 0.87 fy Ast d [1-( fy x Ast /fck x b x d)]
5.96 x 106 = 0.87 x 415 x Ast x 92 [1-415 Ast / 20 X 1000 x 92)
Ast y2 = 190mm2
minimum area of steel required = 0.12 / 100 x 1000 x 120

= 210 mm2

Spacing
Maximum permitted spacing of bars = 3 x d ( or ) 300 mm
= 3 x 100
= 300 mm ( or ) 300 mm
spacing of bar in shorter span @ continuous edge = π/4 x 82 / 144 x 1000
= 300 mm
provide 8 mm # bars @ 300 mm c/c in shorter direction
spacing of bars in shorter span @ mid edge = π/4 x 82 / 170 x 1000
= 295 mm
provide 8 mm # bars @ 295 mm c/c in shorter direction
spacing of bar in longer span @ countinuos edge = π/4 x 82 / 144 x 1000
= 300 mm
provide 8mm # bars @ 300mm c/c in longer direction
spacing of bars in longer span @ mid edge = π/4 x 82 / 190 x 1000
= 265mm
provide 8mm # bars @ 265 mm c/c in longer direction
Edge strip reinforcement:
Area of steel required for edge strip = 144 mm²
provide 8mm # bars
spacing = π/4 x 82 / 144 x 1000
= 300mm
Torsion Reinforcement:
corner having one dimension edge
size of reinforcement mesh = Lx/8 (or) Ly/8
= 3.0/8
= 0.375m
Area of steel required @ mid span = 149.49 mm²
Area of steel required per layer of torsion
reinforcement = 3/4x 149.49x0.6
= 53.82mm²
Number of 6mm # bars in each layer = 53.82/28.27
= 1.9 ≅ 4
Provide for layers of 4 nos of 6mm # bars at corner of slab
Check for Stiffness
𝜋 82
AST provided = 𝑥 𝑥 1000
4 300

= 167.57 mm²
% of steel provided = 167.57x100/1000 x 100
= 0.167%
fs = 0.58 x 415 x 171/167.57
= 210 N/mm²
From fig 4 of IS456 – 2000;
 M.F = 1.8
Effective depth required = 3000/26x 1.8
= 64 mm < 100 mm
Hence the slab is safe against stiffness.
Result
Room Dimension = 3.om x 3.om
Main Reinforcement at Shorter director @ Continuous Edge = 8mm ∅ bars300 c/c
Main Reinforcement at Shorter director @ Mid Span = 8mm ∅ bars 295 c/c
Longer Direction @ Continuous Edge = 8mm ∅ bars 300 c/c
Main Reinforcement at Longer director @ Mid Span = 8mm ∅ bars 265 c/c
Edge Strip Reinforcement = 8mm ∅ bars 300 c/c
Tension Reinforcement = 4 nos ∅ bars 295 c/c
 DESIGN OF BEAM
Design Specification
Cross Section of beam = 300 x 450mm
Effective Span = 3m
Clear Span = Effective Span + c/c wall thickness
= 3 +0.3=3.3m
Imposed Load = 3 KN/m
Floor Finish = 1.5KN/m
Use M20 Concert & Fe415 Steel
Effective Cover = 50 mm
Effective depth = D-Effective Cover
= 450-50
d = 400 mm
fck = 20 N/mm²
fy = 415N/ mm²
Factored Bending Moment (Mud)
Load Calculation
Imposed Load = 3KN/m
Floor Finish Load = 1.5KN/m
Self wt of beam (0.3 x 0.45 x 25) = 3.375 KN/m
Self wt of slab (0.3 x 0.3 x 25) = 2.25 KN/m
Total Land = 10.125KN/m
Factored Load (wd) = 10.125 x 1.5
= 15.187KN/m
Factored BM(Mud) = Wdl²/8
= 15.187 x 3²/8
BM = 17.07 KNM
Cal of limiting Moment (Mu lim)
∅ = 2.76 b= 300md = 400mm
Mu(lim) = ∅ bd²
= 2.76 x 300 x 400²
Mu(lim) = 132.48 KNM
Mu < Mu limit
So design as singly Reinforced beam.
Calculation of Compression & Tension Reinforcement
Mud/bd² = 17.07x 106
Mud/bd² = 0.35 N/mm²
Using table – 2 of SP-16
Mud/bd²
0.35 0.099
Area of Steel = 0.099/100 x 300 x 450
Ast = 133.65mm²
Use 10 mm # bars
133.65

No, of bars = 𝜋
𝑥 102
4

= 1.7 ≅ 2 Nos
Provide 2 Nos of 10mm # as tension Reinforcement @ top
Provide 2 Nos of 10mm # as Hanger @ top
Design of Shear
(a) Nomial Stress (ΤV) = Vu/bd
Vu = wl/2= 15.187 x 3 /2
Vu = 22.78KN
τv = 22.78 x 10³/ 300 x 400
τv = 0.189 N/mm²
b.Percentage of Steel
= 100 x AS/bd
As = 2 x π/4 x 10²
= 100 x 157/500x400
% = 0.13%
AS = 157mm²
c. Permissible Shear Stress (Te)
100 As/bd M20
0.13 0.28N/mm²
τ C = 0.28 N/mm²
Condition
(i) τv x τC 0.189 <0.28 N/mm²
(ii) τv x τCmax 0.189 < 2.8 N/mm²
Design of Shear reinforcement:
Min shear reinforcement
𝐴𝑠𝑣 0.4
( )>
𝑏𝑠𝑣 0.87𝑥𝑓𝑦

Use 8mm# 2 legged stirrups

𝜋
Asv = 2 𝑥 𝑥 82
4

= 100.53mm²
0.87 𝑥 415𝑥100.56
SV = 300𝑥0.4

SV = 302.46
Maximum permitted spacing = 0.75x415 or 300mm
= 311.25 or 300 mm
Provide 8mm # 2 legged stirrups @ 300mm C/C
Check for Stiffness:
Effective span of the beam = 3300mm
Effective depth of the beam = 400mm
Area of tension reinforcement = 484.65mm²
484.65𝑥100
Percentage of tension reinforcement Pi =
300𝑥400

= 0.40%
Basic value of span to effective depth ratio for the simply supported beams
= 20
Stress in tension steel, fs = 240 N/mm²
From Fig.4 of IS: 456 – 2000, modification = 1.38
Minimum effective depth required for stiffness,
3300
=
20𝑥1.38

= 119.65mm say 120mm

Effective depth provided = 120mm < 450mm
Effective depth available is 120mm and hence the beam is having sufficient
stuffiness so the deflection will be within the permissible limit.
Results:
Size of beam : 300 mm x 450 mm
Tension reinforcement : 2 nos of 10mm # Fe415 steel bars
Hanger reinforcement : 2 nos of 10mm # Fe415 steel bars
Shear reinforcement : 8mm # 2 leggeds stirrups @ 300 mm C/C
 Footing Design
Design SpecifτCation
Size of Column = 300 mm x 300 mm
Safe bearing Capacity of Soil = 200 KN/m
Unit Wt. of Soil = 18KN/m³
Goods of Concrete = M20
Goods of Steel = Fe415
Load Calculation
Self Wt of Column = 0.3 x 0.3 x 4.5 x 25
= 10.12KN
Column Load = 210 KN
Total Load = 220.12KN
Footing Area
Footing Area = Total load/15 x SBC
= 220.12 x 10³ /15 x 200 x 10³
 DESIGN OF COLUMN
Design SpecifτCation
Size of Beam : 300 x 450 mm
Breadth of Column : 300 mm
Safe bearing capacity of soil : 200 KN/m²
Unit weight of Soil : 18 KN/m³
Grade of Concrete : M20
Grade of Steel : Fe415
Depth of Foundation
Depth of Foundation = P/N[1 − 𝑆𝑖𝑛∅/1 + 𝑆𝑖𝑛∅]
= 200/18 [1-sin30/1+sin30]
= 3.70m
Height of Colum = 3.70
Load Calculation
Design load = 210KW
Let grow area of column = Ag
Assume 2% of longitudinal reinforcement
Area of Congitudinal reforcement (ASC)
= (2/100) x Ag
= 0.02Ag
Area of Concrete (Ac) = Ag-Asc
= Ag-0.02Ag
AC = 0.98Ag
Now using the strength equation the gross area determined
Pu = 0.4FCK AC +0.67Ag ASC
210 x w³ = (0.4x20x0.98Ag)+(0.67x415x0.02Ag)
210x w³ = 784Ag + 5.561 Ag
 210 x w³ = 13.401 Ag
Ag x 210 x10³/13.401
Ag = 156 mm²
To find Depth
bxd = 156 mm²
d = 156/300
d = 52.83
Column Size = 300 x 450 mm
Reinforcement
Provide (ASC) = 0.02Ag
= 0.02 x 15670
= 313.4 mm²
Provide 6 nos of 20mm dia bass are longitudinal reinforcement
Ast = 6x π /4 x 20²
Ast = 1884 mm²
Design of lateral tτCs
Mini diameters of lateral tτCs as greater of
1.D/4 = 20/4 = 5mm
2. 6mm
Provide 6 mmØ bass
Max Permitted spacing
a. Least lateral dimension of column = 300 mm
b. 16 x dia of smallest longitudinal bar,
= 16 x 20
= 320mm
Provide 8 mm Ø lateral @ 300mm c/c
Result
Size of Column = 300 x 450 mm
Longitudinal Reinforcement = 6 bars @ 20mm# bars
Lateral tτCs = 8 mmØ@300mm cc
 DESIGN OF LINTTEL CUM SUNSHADE ABOVE THE OPENING
Design Specification
 With of the opening = 1.4m
 Masonry wall b/w the top of opening and bottom of the beam =1.20 m
 The width of the wall = 0.30m
 Self wt of Masonry wall = 19KN/m²
 Grade of Concrete = M20
 Grade of Steel = Fe415
Design of Sunshade
Assuming a uniform thτCkness of 75mm with an Effective depth of 55mm
Considering 1m length of Sunshade
Self weight of Sunshade = 1 x 0.6 x 0.075 x 25 = 1.125KN
Imposed load on Sunshade = 1 x 0.6 x 0.45 = 0.45KN
Floor Finish = 1 x 0.6 x 0.50 = 0.30KN
Total load = 1.875KN
Design Load = 1.875 x 1.5 = 2.81KN
Maximum bending moment at Support = 2.81 x0.6/2 = 0.843 KN-m
For M20 grade of concrete with Fe415 grade steel
Reinforcement
Mu = 0.87x fg x Ast d ( 1-fy x Ast/fck x b x d)
0.843 x 106 = 0.87 x 415 x Ast x 25 [1-415 x Ast/20 x 1000 x 55]
Ast – 43.15mm²
Minimum Area of Steel to be provided
= 0.12/100 x 100 x 1000 x 100 = 120 mm²
Provide 8mm # bars
Sparing of 8mm Ø bars = π/4 x 8² /120 x 1000 = 420 ≈ 200mm
‡ Provide 8mm # bars @ 150 mm c/c
Design of Lintel
Assume the Size of lintel as 300 x 150mm
Using 12 mm bars with an Effective cover of 20mm
Effective depth d = 150 – 20 = 130mm
Clear distance b/w opening = 1.40 > opening /12
Effective span of lintel = clear opening = 1.4m
Height of an
Triangle = 0.866 x 1.4 = 1.212m
Height of wall above the lintel = 1.20m
Since the height of wall above the lintel is lesser than 0.806 L
Weight of Masonry Wall = 0.30 x 1.20 x 1.0 x 19
= 6.84KN
Weight of Sunshade = 2.250KN
Self weight of lintel = 0.3 x 0.15 x 1.0 x 25
= 1.25 KN
Total Load = 10.215KN
Design Load = 15.322 KN
Maximum bending moment at Mid Span
Mu = (Wul²)/ 12
Mu = 15.322 x (1.4)² / 12 = 2.5 KNM
Depth Required for Strength
For balanced section of M20 grade Concrete and Fe415 grade steel
Moment of Thesistance , MR = 2.76 bd²
Maximum bending moment = 2.5 x 106 N-m
Equalling the Maximum bending moment to the moment of Resistance of the
Sections
 √𝑀𝑅
Effective depth required = 𝑋𝑏
2.76
106
= √2.5 𝑥 2.76 𝑥 300
= 54.94mm
Self weight of lint = 0.3 x 0.15 x 1.0 x 25
= 1.125 KN
Total Load = 10.215 KN
Design Load = 15.322KN
Maximum bending moment at Mid Span,
Mu = WuL² /12
Mu = 15.322 x (1.4)² / 12
= 2.5 KNm
For balanced section of M20 grade concrete and Fe415 grade steel,
Moment of Resistance, MR = 2.76bd²
Maximum bending Moment = 2.5 x 106 Nm
Equating the minimum bending moment to the moment of resistance of the section.
√𝑀𝑅
Effective Depth required = 𝑋𝑏
2.76

√2.5𝑥106
=
2.76𝑥300

= 54.97mm < 130mm

Area of Steel
For M20 grade of concrete with Fe415 grade steel Reinforcement.
Mu = 0.87 x fy x Ast [1 − 𝑓𝑦 𝑥 𝐴𝑠𝑡/𝑓𝑐𝑘 𝑥 𝑏 𝑥 𝑑]
2.5 x 106 = 0.87 x 415 x Ast x 130 [1-415 x Ast / 20 x 1000 x 130]
Ast = 75.6mm²
Minimum area of steel to be provided
= 0.12/100 x 100 x 300 x 150
 =54mm²
Provide 2 Nos of 8mm # fe415 Steel bars at bottom as Main Reinforcement and
2 Nos of 6mm # at top as hanger bars.
Results:
SUNSHADE:
ThτCkness = 75mm
Reinforcement = 8mm # bars @ 200 mm c/c
Distributors = 4 Nos of 6mm # bars
Lintel:
Size of lintel = 300 x 150 mm
Reinforcement = 2 Nos of 8mm # at bottom as Reinforcement and 2 Nos
6 mm # at top as hanger bars
Stirrups = 6mm # 2 legged stirrups @ 150mm c/c
 DESIGN OF FOOTING
Size of Column = 300 x 450mm
Safe bearing Capacity of Soil = 150KN/m²
Unit weight of Soil = 18KN/m³
Ultimate BC ( qu) = 150 x 1.5
= 225KN/m²
Load of Column = 2000KN
Grade of Concrete M20
Grade of Steel Fe415
Size of Footing
Load of Column = 2000KN
Assume self wt 10% = 200 KN
= 2000 KN
Footing Area = 2200/1.5 x 150 = 9.78≈ 10m²
Footing proportion is approx same as that of column side
3 x x 4.5 x =10
13.5x = 10
x = 0.86
Shorter side 3 x 0.86 = 2.58≈ 2.6m
longer side 4.5 x 0.86 = 3.9 ≈ 4m
Soil Pressure qu = 2000/2.6x4
qu = 193KN/m² < 225KN/m (bc)
Footing Area is Safe
Factored Bending Moment
Cantilever projection from the shorter side of the footing = ½ (4-0.45)
ly = 1.8m
Cantilever projection from longer side of the footing = ½(2.6-0.3)
 lx = 1.15m
B.M @ shorter side = qu ly²/2
= 200 x 1.8²/2
= 324 KNM
B.M @ longer side = qu lx²/2
= 200 x 1.15²/2
= 132.25 KNM
Depth of Footing
(i) From moment consideration
mu = 0.138fck bd²
324 x 106 = 0.138 x 20 x 1000 x d²
d = 342 bmm
Adopt eff depth as 350mm over all depth of 400mm
Reinforcement
(a) Longer Direction
𝑓𝑦 𝐴𝑠𝑡
Mu = 0.87 fy Ast d [1 − ]
𝑏𝑑𝑓𝑐𝑘
415 𝐴𝑠𝑡
324 x 106 = 0.87 x 415 x Ast x 350 [1 −
1000 𝑥350 𝑥20

Ast = 3153.3mm²
No. of bars/m length [20 mm dia] = 3153.3 / π/4 x 20²
= 10
Spacing (s) = 1000/10 = 100mm

(b) Shoter Direction

𝑓𝑦 𝐴𝑠𝑡
Mu = 0.87 fy Ast d [1 − ]
𝑏𝑑𝑓𝑐𝑘
415 𝐴𝑠𝑡
132 x 106 = 0.87 x 415 x Ast x 350 [1 −
1000 𝑥35 𝑥20
 Ast = 1123.3mm²
Provide 16mm dio bar @ 200 mm c/
Central Band [ IS 456 2000] pg 65
Central band width = width of footing
Reinforcement in Central band/ Total reinforcement in shorter direction = 2/ B+1
B = A/26 =1.5
Reinforcement in Central band of 2.6 m
= 2/1.5+1 x 1123.3 x 26
Asg = 3650 7 mm²
Min reinforcement : 0.12%bD
= 0.12/100 x 1000 x 400
= 960 mm² < 3650.7mm²
Check for Shear
Ultimate Shear force [longer direction] = qu [1.7-d]
= 200 [1.7-0.35]
Vud = 270 KN
% of Steel = 100 As/ bd = 100 x 3140 / 1000x350
from table 19 (IS 456 : 2000)
100 As/bd m20
0.75 0.56
1.00 0.62
0.9 0.596
ΤC= 0.596 N/mm²
ΤV = Vu/bd = 270 x 10³/1000 x 350
ΤV < Tc
Hence revised depth is calculation
ΤC = Vu/bd
0.596 = 270 x 10³/1000xd
d= 453mm
Adopt revised depth as 450mm & over all as 500mm
Result:
Size of footing : 1.2 m x 1.5 m
Reinforcement : 10 nos of 20mm dia bars in longer direction
10 nos of 16 mm dia bars in shorter direction
CONCLUSION

In this project report substituted frame method has been used to analysis the
frame manually to compute the moments in slab, beam, columns, staircase, lintel
and footing.

Similarly, the area of steel reinforcement required for beams, columns are
much less than that obtained from manual design.

The plan and elevation are drawn by using AutoCAD. It shows the clear
sketch of our project.
 REFERENCE
Book
1. Krishnan Raju.N., “Design of RC Structures”, Cbs
Publisher and Distributors, Delhi,2006
2. Varghese.P.C., “Limit State Design of Reinforced
Concrete Structures “PrentτCe Hall of India Pvt Ltd New Delhi, 2007
3. Ramamrutham.S, Design of Reinforced Concrete Structure,
Dhanpat Rai Publishing Company (p) ltd., Delhi,2011
4. Dutta B.N. “Estimating and Costing.

Code
1. IS:456-2000, Code of PractτCe for Plain and Reinforcement Concrete.
2. Design Aid – SP 7(1983), National Building Code.
3. Design Aid – SP16 (1980), For Reinforced Concrete.
4. Design Aid – SP 34(1987), Hand Book on Concrete.

Reinforcement and Detailing.