Eqn Tangent-Normal (Paper1)

3 2
1. Consider the tangent to the curve y = x + 4x + x – 6.

(a) Find the equation of this tangent at the point where x = –1.

(b) Find the coordinates of the point where this tangent meets the curve again.

Working:

Answers:

(a) ..................................................................
(b) ..................................................................

(Total 3 marks)

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2. Let θ be the angle between the unit vectors a and b, where 0 < θ < π. Express |a – b| in terms of
1
sin 
2 .

Working:

Answer:

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(Total 3 marks)

3 2
3. A curve has equation xy + 2x y = 3. Find the equation of the tangent to this curve at the point
(1, 1).

Working:

Answer:

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(Total 6 marks)

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 2
4. The point B(a, b) is on the curve f (x) = x such that B is the point which is closest to A(6, 0).
Calculate the value of a.

Working:

Answer:

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(Total 6 marks)

3 2
5. A curve has equation x y = 8. Find the equation of the normal to the curve at the point (2, 1).

Working:

Answer:

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(Total 6 marks)

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 3 3
6. Find the equation of the normal to the curve x + y – 9xy = 0 at the point (2, 4).

Working:

Answer:

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(Total 6 marks)

k
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7. The normal to the curve y = x + ln x , for x ¹ 0, k Î , at the point where x = 2, has equation
3x + 2y = b, where b Î . Find the exact value of k.

W o r k in g :

A nsw er:

(Total 6 marks)

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 2
8. Let f (x) = 3x – x + 4. Find the values of m for which the line y = mx + 1 is a tangent to the
graph of f.

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(Total 6 marks)

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 1

9. Let f be the function defined for x > 3 by f (x) = ln (3x + 1).

(a) Find f ′(x).

(b) Find the equation of the normal to the curve y = f (x) at the point where x = 2.
Give your answer in the form y = ax + b where a, bÎ .

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(Total 6 marks)

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10. A normal to the graph of y = arctan (x − 1), for x > 0, has equation y = −2x + c, where cÎ .

Find the value of c.

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(Total 6 marks)

Paper 2

11. Give exact answers in this part of the question.

The temperature g (t) at time t of a given point of a heated iron rod is given by

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 ln t
g (t) = t , where t > 0.

(a) Find the interval where g¢ (t) > 0.

(4)

(b) Find the interval where g² (t) > 0 and the interval where g² (t) < 0.
(5)

(c) Find the value of t where the graph of g (t) has a point of inflexion.
(3)

(d) Let t* be a value of t for which g¢ (t*) = 0 and g² (t*) < 0. Find t*.
(3)

(e) Find the point where the normal to the graph of g (t) at the point
(t*, g (t*)) meets the t-axis.
(3)
(Total 18 marks)

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  x 1n x  kx, x > 0

0, x0
12. Consider the function fk (x) = , where k Î

(a) Find the derivative of fk (x), x > 0.

(2)

(b) Find the interval over which f0 (x) is increasing.

The graph of the function fk (x) is shown below.
(2)

0 A x

k–1
(c) (i) Show that the stationary point of fk (x) is at x = e .

(ii) One x-intercept is at (0, 0). Find the coordinates of the other x-intercept.
(4)

(d) Find the area enclosed by the curve and the x-axis.
(5)

(e) Find the equation of the tangent to the curve at A.

(2)

(f) Show that the area of the triangular region created by the tangent and the
coordinate axes is twice the area enclosed by the curve and the x-axis.
(2)

(g) Show that the x-intercepts of fk (x) for consecutive values of k form a geometric sequence.
(3)
(Total 20 marks)

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13. (a) Sketch and label the curves

1
2
y = x for –2 £ x £ 2, and y = – 2 ln x for 0 < x £ 2.
(2)

(b) Find the x-coordinate of P, the point of intersection of the two curves.
(2)

(c) If the tangents to the curves at P meet the y-axis at Q and R, calculate the area of the
triangle PQR.
(6)

(d) Prove that the two tangents at the points where x = a, a > 0, on each curve are always
perpendicular.
(4)
(Total 14 marks)

2 2
14. (a) A curve is defined by the implicit equation 2xy + 6x − 3y = 6.

 2 20
1,  .
Show that the tangent at the point A with coordinates  3  has gradient 3
(6)

 2
1, 
(b) The line x =1 cuts the curve at point A, with coordinates  3  , and at point B.

a  c 
   s 
Find, in the form r =  b   d 

(i) the equation of the tangent at A;

(ii) the equation of the normal at B.

(10)

(c) Find the acute angle between the tangent at A and the normal at B.
(4)
(Total 20 marks)

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 2 3 2 +
15. A family of cubic functions is defined as fk (x) = k x − kx + x, kÎ .

(a) Express in terms of k

(i) f ′k (x) and f ′′k (x);

(ii) the coordinates of the points of inflexion Pk on the graphs of fk.

(6)

(b) Show that all Pk lie on a straight line and state its equation.
(2)

(c) Show that for all values of k, the tangents to the graphs of fk at Pk are parallel, and find
the equation of the tangent lines.
(5)
(Total 13 marks)

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