NIE-OA-19-001 - Relay Setting Calculation - (FC REV.0) PDF

FOR CONSTRUCTIN
0 May. 04, 2016 FOR CONSTRUCTION T.W.Oh J.I.Kim S.H.Ko

A Jan. 20, 2016 FOR APPROVAL T.W.Oh J.I.Kim S.H.Ko
REV. DATE DESCRIPTION DSGN CHKD APPD
EMPLOYER :
CONTRACTOR : SUPPLIER
PROJECT :
ACS With Control & Protection Panel
for
Nicaragua ENATREL 138kV Substation & Transmission Line Project
DESIGNED BY DATE TITLE :
T.W.Oh May. 04, 2016

CHECKED BY DATE Relay Setting Calculation
J.I.Kim May. 04, 2016
APPROVED BY DATE DOCUMENT NUMBER REV.
S.H.Ko May. 04, 2016 NIE-OA-19-001 0

RELAY SETTING CALCULATION REPORT
for NICARAGUA ENATREL 138kV T&S PROJECT
MAY. 2016.
LIST OF CONTENTS
1.0 Introduction.............................................................................................................1
2.0 Protective Relay List...............................................................................................2
3.0 References...............................................................................................................4
4.0 Minimum Coordination Time..................................................................................5
5.0 Relay settings for EL SAUCE S/S...........................................................................6

5.1 138/24.9kV TR. Protection (SEL-787)...........................................................................6
5.2 138/24.9kV TR. Protection (SEL-751A).......................................................................11
5.3 EL SAUCE S/S 138kV CARLOS FONSECA LINE PROTECTION (SEL-411L)...............13
5.4 EL SAUCE S/S 138kV CARLOS FONSECA LINE PROTECTION (SEL-421).................37
5.5 EL SAUCE S/S 138kV MALPAISILLO LINE PROTECTION (SEL-411L)......................54
5.6 EL SAUCE S/S 138kV MALPAISILLO LINE PROTECTION (SEL-421)........................78
6.0 Relay settings for ESTELI S/S..............................................................................95

6.1 138/24.9kV TR. Protection (SEL-787)..........................................................................95
6.2 138/24.9kV TR. Protection (SEL-751A)......................................................................100
6.3 138/24.9kV TR. Protection (SEL-451)........................................................................102
6.4 ESTELI S/S 138kV SEBACO LINE PROTECTION (SEL-411L)...................................107
6.5 ESTELI S/S 138kV SEBACO LINE PROTECTION (SEL-421).....................................117
7.0 Relay settings for OCOTAL S/S.........................................................................118


8.0 Relay settings for SAN RAMON S/S..................................................................125
9.0 Relay settings for YALAGUINA S/S.................................................................137

9.1 YALAGUINA S/S 138kV OCOTAL LINE PROTECTION (SEL-421)...........................137
9.2 YALAGUINA S/S 138kV OCOTAL LINE PROTECTION (SEL-351A).........................151

1.0 Introduction
1.1 This protective relay setting calculation results will be applied to the protection and control panels
which are installed on the NICARAGUA ENATREL 138kV Substation & Transmission Line
Project.
1.2 The relay setting calculation was carried out in accordance with NICARAGUA power system data,
relay setting criteria and relay setting examples provided by ENATREL besides the technical
references listed in this report.
1.3 PCM current differential relay and communication assisted protection (POTT) scheme setting
calculations for 138kV transmission line protection need the technical data on the protective
equipment at the other ends of transmission line which is not currently available (CT ratios,
ZONE reach settings, etc.) Therefore, the relay settings must be reviewed with the related data or
settings before put these relays into operation.
1.4 For 138/24.9kV transformer neutral overcurrent element setting (51N on HV or LV winding
neutrals), transformer neutral currents on both 138kV bus and 24.9kV bus 1-phase-to-ground fault
is necessary. Therefore 51N settings should be reviewed when the fault current data is available.
1.5 Backup protection relays such as 51 or 51N require operating time coordination with neighboring
relays in the system. Operating time coordination for those relays, therefore, should be reviewed
and settings be changed, if necessary, when the related relay settings are available.
1.6 If the system configuration or equipment is changed, relay settings should be reviewed for
appropriateness.
-1-
2.0 Protective Relay List
2.1 EL SAUCE S/S
Protection and
Relay Type Protection Function Remarks
Control Panel
SEL-787 87T , 50BF

138/24.9kV
TR. (20MVA)
SEL-751A 51, 51N
87L, 21/21N, 79(1pole),

138kV SEL-411L Note 1
67/67N, 25, 50BF
MALPAISILLO
T/L SEL-421 21/21N, 67/67N, 85(POTT) Note 1
138kVCARLOS SEL-411L Same as above

FONSECA
T/L SEL-421 Same as above
2.2 ESTELI S/S
Protection and
Control Panel
SEL-787 87T , 50BF
138/24.9kV
SEL-751A 51, 51N
TR. (20MVA)
SEL-451 51, 51N, 50BF
87L, 79(1pole), 67/67N,

SEL-411L Note 2
138kV 25, 50BF
SEBACO
T/L SEL-421 21/21N Note 2
Note 1 : As electrical data for 138kV MALPAISILLO line was not finalized yet, 138kV PENSA line data
was used for the relay setting calculation. (ENATREL`s request)
Note 2 : As no current will flow on these relays on the 138kV SEBACO T/L fault (Positive–sequence source
impedance of ESTELI S/S to SEBACO S/S is infinite),proper setting calculations for current
elements and distance elements are not possible. ( only 87L, 79, 50BF elements are enabled.)
-2-
2.3 OCOTAL S/S
Protection and
Control Panel
SEL-787 87T, 50BF

138/24.9kV
TR. (20MVA)
SEL-751A 51, 51N
2.4 SAN RAMON S/S
Protection and
Control Panel
SEL-787 87T, 50BF
138/24.9kV
SEL-751A 51, 51N
TR. (20MVA)
SEL-451 51, 51N, 50BF
2.5 YALAGUINA S/S
Protection and
Control Panel
21/21N, 79(1 pole),
138kV SEL-421
25, 50BF
OCOTAL
T/L SEL-351A 51/51G
-3-
3.0 References
3.1 IEEE RED BOOK Std 141-1993 :
IEEE recommended practice for electric power distribution for industrial plants.
3.2 IEEE BUFF BOOK Std 242-2001:
IEEE recommended practice for protection and coordination for industrial and commercial
power system.
3.3 ANSI/IEEE C37.91 – 2000
IEEE Guide for Protective Relay Applications to Power Transformers
-4-
4. Minimum Coordination Time
In general, coordination time margin of time–delayed relays required to have operating
selectivity between upstream relays and downstream relays in a power system can be calculated
as follows;
T margin = T T T T
Where;
T margin : Coordination Time Margin
T : Breaker operating time (taken as 83ms)
T : Lockout relay operating time (taken as 15ms)
T : Relay overtravel time (in case of induction disc type relays, taken as 100ms)
T : Safety margin including relay tolerance and setting errors (taken as 117ms)
Then;
T margin = 83 + 15 + 100 + 117 = 315ms
For digital relays which have no overtravel time of 100ms, Coordination time margin can be
reduced to as low as 215ms
-5-
5.0 Relay Settings for EL SAUCE S/S
5.1 138/24.9kV TR. Protection (SEL-787)
5.1.1 Configuration
(a) Maximum Transformer Capacity (MVA)
- Range : OFF, 0.2-5000.0 MVA
MVA = 20 MVA
(b) Define Internal CT comm. Compensation (ICOM)

- Select : Y, N
- To remove zero-sequence components from the secondary current
ICOM = Y
(c) Winding 1 CT Connection (W1CT)

- Select : DELTA, WYE
W1CT = Y
(d) Winding 1 Phase CT Ratio (CTR1)

- Range : 1-50000
-IN = 83.68A
√
- CT ratio : 100-200 / 1A
- Selecting maximum CT ratio ;
CTR1 = 200
(e) Winding 1 CT Connection Compensation (W1CTC)

- Select : 0-12
W1CTC = 12
(f) Winding 1Line-to-Line Voltage (VWDG1)

- Range : 0.20 – 1000.00 kV
VWDG1 = 138.00 kV
(g) Winding 2 CT Connection (W2CT)

W2CT = WYE
-6-
(h) Winding 2 Phase CT Ratio (CTR2)
- Range : 1-10000
-IN = 463.75A
√ .
- CT ratio : 800-1600 / 5A
- Selecting 800/5 ratio ;
CTR2 = =160
CTR2 = 160
(i) Winding 2 CT Conn. Compensation (W2CTC)

- Range : 0-12
W2CTC = 12
(j) Winding 2 Line-to-Line Voltage (VWDG2)

- Range : 0.20 – 1000.00 kV
VWDG2 = 24.9 kV
5.1.2 Transformer Differential Elements

(a) Enable Transformer Differential Protection (E87)
- Select : Y , N
E87 = Y
(b) Winding 1 Current Tap (TAP1)

- Range : 0.10 – 6.20 (Auto. Calculated)
- TAP : ∙
√
Where C = 1 for wye CTs

TAP : 1 0.418
√
TAP1 = Auto. (0.42A)
(c) Winding 2 Current Tap (TAP2)

- Range : 0.50 - 31.00 (Auto. Calculated)
- TAP : 1 2.888
√ .

-7-
(d) Restrained Element Operating Current PU (O87P)
- Range : 0.1 – 1.00 (multiple of tap)
- O87 (0.1 )/
for winding1 : O87 (0.1 1) / 0.42 = 0.238
for winding2 : O87 (0.1 5) / 2.90 = 0.172
O87P = 0.24 (multiple of tap)
(e) Differential Current Alarm PU (87AP)

- Range : OFF, 0.05 – 1.00 (multiple of tap)
- Considering tap change range (1.25% 8 = 10%), Transformer excitation current
and margin (lower than O87P);
87AP = 0.2 (multiple of tap)
(f) Differential Current Alarm Delay (87AD)

- Range : 1.0 – 120.00sec.
87AD = 5.0 sec.
(g) Restraint Slope 1 Percentage (SLP1)

- Range : 5-90
- Error calculation for selecting SLP1
 Excitation error : 4%
 CT accuracy : 5%
 Tap changer : 8 1.25% = 10 %
 Relay accuracy : 5%
- 1 % 100 13.6 %
SLP1 = 20 %
(h) Restraint Slope 2 Percentage (SLP2)

- Range : 5-90
SLP2 = 70 %
(i) Restraint current Slope 1 limit (IRS1)

- Range : 1.0-20.0 (Restraint current in multiple of tap)
IRS1 = 6.0
-8-
(j) Unrestraint Element Current PU (U87P)
- Range : 1.0 - 20.0 (multiple of tap )
- according to the instruction manual 4.12;
U87P = 10
(k) Second-Harmonic Blocking Percentage (PCT2)

- Range : OFF, 5-100
PCT2 = 15 %
(l) Fourth-Harmonic Blocking Percentage (PCT4)

PCT4 = OFF
(m) Fifth-Harmonic Blocking Percentage (PCT5)

PCT5 = 35 %
(n) Fifth-Harmonic Alarm Threshold (TH5P)

- Range : OFF, 0.02-3.20
TH5P = OFF
(o) Harmonic Restraint (HRSTR)

- Select : Y, N
- according to the relay manufacturer`s recommendation
(instruction manual 4.13)
HRSTR = Y
(p) Harmonic Blocking (HBLK)

- Select : Y, N
HBLK = Y
-9-
5.1.3 Breaker Failure
(a) 52A Interlock in BF Logic (52ABF)
- Select : Y, N
52ABF = N
(b) Breaker 1 Failure Delay (BFD1)

- Range : 0.00 – 2.00 seconds
- As per ENATREL relay setting criteria
BFD1 = 0.2 sec
- 10 -
5.2 138/24.9kV TR. Protection (SEL-751A)
5.2.1 Main
(a) Phase (IA, IB, IC) CT RATIO (CTR)
- Range : 1 to 5000
- IN = 83.68
√
- CT ratio : 100-200/1 A
CTR = 200
(b) Neutral (IN) CT Ratio (CTRN)

- Range : 1 to 5000
- NCT ratio : 50-100/1 A
- Selecting maximum ratio ;
CTRN = 100
5.2.2 Time Overcurrent Elements

5.2.2.1 Maximum Phase TOC Element 1 (51)
(a) Maximum Phase TOC Pickup (51P1P)
- Range : 0.10 to 3.20 (amps sec.), OFF
- Set to 150% of rated current of transformer
(refer to IEEE 242-2001, 11.9.1.1)
51P1P 1.5 0.627
√
51P1P = 0.63 A
(b) Maximum Phase TOC Current Selection (51P1C)

- Select : U1 – U5, C1 – C5
- As per ENATREL application examples, IEC standard inverse curves (C1) are selected.
51P1C = C1
(c) Maximum Phase TOC Time Dial (51P1TD)

- Range : 0.05 - 1.00 (for IEC curves)
- According to ENATREL relay setting criteria, 51P1TD is set to operate in 1.1sec
- 11 -
on 24.9kV bus 3-phase fault.
Meltiples of pickup 4.25
.
- From the operating time equation for C1 curve;

. .
TD ∙ . TD ∙ . 1.1 .
.
TD 0.230
51P1TD = 0.23
5.2.2.2 Neutral GND TOC Element 1 (51N)

(a) Neutral GND TOC Pickup (51N1P)
- Appling ENATREL relay setting criteria for T/L ground directional O/C pickup value
- 51N1P 0.4 0.334

√
51N1P = 0.33 A
(b) TOC Curve Selection (51N1C)

- Select : U1 – U5, C1 – C5
51N1C = C1
(c) TOC Time Dial (51N1TD)

- Range : 0.05 to 1.00
- 138kV winding neutral current data is not currently available on 138kV bus
1-phase-to-ground fault, so 20% of 138kV bus fault current is assumed tentatively.
.
- Multiples of pickup = 15.27
.
- Operating time should be longer them Zone-3 time delay

. .
- TD ∙ . TD ∙ . 2.0 .
.
TD = 0.800
51N1TD = 0.80
* 51N1TD setting should be reviewed and changed, if necessary, when fault current
data is available.
- 12 -
5.3 ELSAUCE S/S138kV CARLOS FONSECA LINE PROTECTION
(SEL-411L)
5.3.1 Line Configuration
(a) Current Transformer Ratio – Input W (CTRW)
- Range : 1 to 50000
- Line current capacity = 730 A
- CT ratio : 800 / 1600 – 1 A
CTRW = 1600
(b) Potential Transformer Ratio – Input Y (PTRY)

- Range : 1 to 10000.0
/√
-PT ratio = 1380
/√
PTRY = 1380
(c) PT Nominal Voltage (L-L) – Input Y (VNOMY)

- Range : 60 to 300 (V, sec.)
VNOMY = 100 V,sec.
(d) Potential Transformer Ratio – Input Z (PTRZ)

- Range : 1 to 10000.0
/√
-PT ratio = 1380
/√
PTRZ = 1380
(e) PT Nominal Voltage (L-L) – Input Z (VNOMZ)

- Range : 60 to 300 (V, sec)
VNOMZ = 100 V,sec
(f) Positive – sequence Line impedance Magnitude (Z1MAG)

- Range : 0.25to1275.00 (ohm, sec)
Z1 0.1090 j0.4530 Ω/km 49.3705 km
5.3814 j22.3648Ω 23.0032∠76.47°Ω
- 13 -
Z1MAG 23.0032 26.6703
Z1MAG = 26.67 Ω
(g) Positive – sequence Line Impedance Angle (Z1ANG)

- Range : 5.00 to 90.00 deg.
Z1ANG = 76.47 deg.
(h) Zero – sequence Line impedance Magnitude (Z0MAG)

- Range : 0.25 to 1275.00 (ohms, sec)
Z0 0.3267 j1.4580 Ω/km 49.3705 km
16.1293 j72.4759 Ω 74.2490∠77.45° Ω
Z0MAG 74.2490 86.0857
Z0MAG = 86.09Ω
(i) Zero – sequence Line impedance Angle (Z0ANG)

- Range : 5.00 to 90.00 deg.
Z0ANG = 77.45 deg.
(j) Fault Location (EFLOC)

- Select : Y, N
EFLOC = Y
5.3.2 Relay Configuration

(a) Enable Line Current Differential Protection 87L (E87L)
- Select : Y, N
E87L = Y
(b) Enable Line Charging Current Compensation (E87LCC)

- Select : Y, N
E87LCC = N
(c) Enable Quadrilateral Phase Distance Zones (E21XP)

- Select : N, 1 – 5
- As Zone-3 Element is used for POTT scheme ;
- 14 -
E21XP = 4
(d) Enable Quadrilateral Ground Distance Zones (E21XG)

- Select : N, 1 – 5
E21XG = 4
(e) Enable Distance Element Common Time Delay (ECDTD)

- Select : Y, N
ECDTD = Y
(f) Enable Switch–Onto–Fault (ESOTF)

- Select : Y, N
ESOTF = Y
(g) Enable Out–Of–Step (EOOS)

- Select : Y, Y1, N
EOOS = Y
(h) Enable Load Encroachment(ELOAD)

- Select : Y, N
ELOAD = N
(i) Enable CVT Transient Detection (ECVT)

- Select : Y, N
| | | . . | .
- SIR | | . |
2.916 5
. ∙| . . . .
- No need to detect CVT transient

ECVT =N
(j) Enable Phase Instantaneous / Definite-Time O/C Elements (E50P)

- Select : N, 1 - 4
- For SOTF protection and backup Phase directional O/C protection
E50P = 2
(k) Enable Residual Ground Instantaneous / Definite – Time O/C Elements (E50G)
- Select : N, 1 - 4
- 15 -
- For backup ground directional O/C protection ;
E50G = 1
(l) Enable Negative-Sequence Instantaneous / Definite – Time O/C Elements (E50Q)

- Select : N, 1 - 4
- To disable 67Q1T (Zone-1 OOS unblocking during unbalanced faults) ;
E50Q = N
(m) Enable Directional Control (E32)

- Select : Y, AUTO
E32 = AUTO
(n) Enable Communication Scheme (ECOMM)

- Select : N, DCB, POTT, POTT2, POTT3, DCUB1, DCUB2
ECOMM = N
(o) Enable Breaker 1 Failure Logic (EBFL1)

- Select : N, 1, 2
EBFL1 = 1
(p) Enable Synchronism Check for Breaker 1 (E25BK1)

- Select : Y, N
E25BK1 = Y
(q) Enable Reclosing (E79)

- Select : Y, Y1, N
- For single circuit breaker application ;
E79 = Y
(r) Enable Manual Closing (EMANCL)

- Select : Y, N
EMANCL = Y
(s) Enable Loss-Of-Potential (ELOP)

- Select : Y, Y1, N
- Select Y1 to reduce the chances of false tripping
- 16 -
because of a loss-of-potential condition.
ELOP = Y1
(t) Enable Advanced Settings (EADVS)

- Select : Y, Y1, N
EADVS = N
5.3.3 87 Current Differential Element (87L)

(a) Condition for Which Terminal W is included in 87L
Element Equation (87CTWL)
- Select : SELogic
87CTWL = 1
(b) CT Polarity of Terminal W (87CTPWL)

- Select : P, N
87CTPWL = P
(c) Maximum Primary Current Rating for Remote Relay 1CT (87CTP1R)
- Range : 1 to 50000
- As CT primary nominal current for remote relay 1 is not given,
set to 1600A (same as that for local relay) temporarily.
87CTP1R = 1600 A
(d) Calculated Tap Value for Terminal W (87LTAPW)

- Range : 1.00 to 10.00

-87LTAPW 1
CTBASE MAX ∙ 87CTP1R, 87CTP2R, 87CTP3R, CTRW ∙ , ∙

87LTAPW = 1 (read-only setting)
(e) Voltage Terminal Associated with 87L Function (87LINEV)

- Select : Y, Z, OFF
87LINEV = Y
- 17 -
(f) Pickup value for Phase Differential Element (87LPP)
- Range : 0.10 to 2.00 (pu), OFF
- Setting criteria;
 Set to T/L charging current with safety margin of 3, not to operate
on inrush charging current during energization.
87LLP 0.2916A/km 49.3705km 3 1600 0.0270 pu
 For increased sensitivity, on internal 3-phase fault set to 20% of 3 phase fault
current on EL SAUCE S/S 138kV bus fault.
87LLP 3680 A 0.2 1/1600 0.46 pu
 Set to full load current for security on CT open condition.
87LLP 730 A 1/1600 0.45 pu
87LPP = 0.46
(g) Radius for Phase Differential Element (87LPR)

- Range : 1.2 to 8.0
- As per relay manufacturer`s recommendations;
87LPR = 6.0
(h) Block Angle for Phase Differential Element (87LPA)

- Range : 90 to 270 (deg.)
87LPA = 195 deg.
(i) Pickup Value for Negative Sequence Differential Element (87LQP)

- Range : 0.10 to 2.00 (p.u), OFF
- Negative sequence differential current (3I2) must exceed 87LQP setting
for 87LQ operation
- Setting criteria
 Considering line charging current with a safety factor of 3
87LQP 0.0270 pu
 Set to 20% of phase-to-phase fault current on EL SAUCE S/S 138kV bus
fault.
87LQP 3680A 0.866 0.2 1/1600 0.398 pu
- 18 -
 Set to 10% of 1-phase-to-ground fault current on EL SAUCE S/S
138kV bus fault, considering high fault resistance.
87LQP 2520A 0.1 1/1600 0.1575 pu
87LQP = 0.20 pu
(j) Radius for Negative Sequence Differential Element (87LQR)

- Range : 1.2 to 8.0
87LQR = 6
(k) Block Angle for Negative Sequence Differential Element (87LQA)

- Range : 90 to 270 (deg.)
87LQA = 195 deg.
(l) Pickup Value for Zero Sequence Differential Element (87LGP)

- Range : 0.10 to 2.00 (pu), OFF
- Same setting as 87LQP
87LGP = 0.20 pu
(m) Radius for Zero Sequence Differential Element (87LGR)

- Range : 1.20 to 8.0
87LGR = 6
(n) Block Angle for Zero Sequence Differential Element (87LGA)

- Range : 90 to 270 (deg.)
87LGA = 195 deg.
5.3.4 Quad Phase Distance Element Reach

(a) Zone 1 Reactance (XP1)
- Range : 0.25 to 320.00 (ohms, sec), OFF
- XP1 26.67 0.85 22.669
XP1 = 22.67
(b) Zone 1 Resistance (RP1)

- Range : 0.25 to 250.00 (ohms, sec)
- Same setting as RG1
- 19 -
RP1 = 38.90
(c) Zone 2 Reactance (XP2)

- According to the ENATREL relay setting criteria;
Z2 Z X2 Kⅱ Z , X2 20%
Z 0.1033 j0.4685 Ω/km 32.10km
3.3159 j15.0388Ω 15.4001∠77.56°Ω
. . . .
Z2 23.003 15.40 cos 77.56 76.47 0.2 34.592
.
-Verification of Zone 2 setting ;

(Not to reach transformer low voltage side fault)
1.42 1.80 1.1
Z2 ⅱ 23.003 60.457 260.43
1.1
Z2 ′2
Therefore, above Z2 setting is acceptable
XP2 34.592 40.106
XP2 = 40.11
(d) Zone 2 Resistance(RP2)

- Range : 0.25 to 320.00 (ohms, sec)
- Considering the setting margin with out-of-step element, set to 110% of RP1
RP2 38.90 1.1 42.79
RP2 = 42.79
(e) Zone 3 Reactance (XP3)

- Range : 0.25 to 320.00 (ohms, sec)
- As Zone3 element is used to prevent unwanted tripping during current
Reversals (reverse looking for POTT scheme), Zone3 fault coverage
must be greater the Zone2 fault coverage at the remote terminal.
- However, as Zone2 setting at the remote terminal is currently unavailable,
set to 150% of Zone2 setting at the local terminal.
XP3 40.11Ω 1.5 60.165Ω
- 20 -
XP3 = 60.16
(f) Zone 3 Resistance (RP3)

- Range : 0.25 to 250.00 (ohms, sec)
- To ensure greater coverage than Zone2 on the external fault, apply 120% of RP2
RP3 1.2 42.79 51.348
RP3 = 51.35
(g) Zone 4 Reactance (XP4)

- According to the ENATREL relay setting criteria
for Zone 3 element;
Z3 3 ⅲ , X3 110%
0.1033 j0.4770 Ω/km 56.96km
5.8839 j27.1699Ω 27.8009∠77.77°Ω
. . . .
Z3 1.1 23.003 27.801 cos 77.77 76.47 129.808
.
XP4 129.808 150.502Ω
XP4 =150.50
(h) Zone 4 Resistance (RP4)

- Range : 0.25 to 250.00 (ohms, sec)
- Same setting as RP3.
RP4 = 51.35
5.3.5 Quad Ground Distance Element Reach

(a) Enable Adaptive Resistive Element (ARESE)
- Select : Y, N
ARESE = Y
(b) Zone 1 Reactance (XG1)

- Range : 0.25 to 320 (Ω, sec
- Line pos. seq. impedance is used for XG1 setting, not pure reactance of line
- 21 -
(refer to instruction manual P.3.180)
XG1 26.67 0.85 22.669
XG1 = 22.67
(c) Zone 1 Resistance (RG1)

- Range : 0.25 to 250 (Ω, sec .
- Equation from Appendix A-Quadrilateral Reactive Reach versus
Resistive reach setting guideline from paper “ Digital communications
For Power System Protection : Security, Availability, and speed”
(go to www.selinc.com . for a copy of the paper)
m 1
| |∙
where :
M = per-unit reach of XG1
R = RG1
| | = positive – sequence T/L reactance
| | j22.3648 j25.9302
0.85 1 , R =77.790 Ω
.
- Appling a safety margin of 50% is recommended because single pole

Tripping is enabled.
RG1 0.5 77.790Ω 38.895
RG1=38.90
(d) Zone 2 Reactance (XG2)

- Range : 0.25 to 320.00 (Ω, sec
- Same setting as phase distance element
XG2 = 40.11
(e) Zone 2 Resistance (RG2)

- Range : 0.25 to 250.00 (Ω, sec
- Same setting as RP2
RG2=42.79
- 22 -
(f) Zone 3 Reactance (XG3)
- Range : 0.25 to 320.0 (Ω, sec
XG3 = 60.16
(g) Zone 3 Resistance (RG3)

- Range : 0.25 to 320.00 (Ω, sec
RG3=51.35
(h) Zone 4 Reactance (XG4)

- Range : 0.25 to 320.00 (Ω, sec
- Same setting as XP4
XG4 = 150.53
(i) Zone 4 Resistance (RG4)

- Range : 0.25 to 250.00 (Ω, sec
RG4=51.35
5.3.6 Zero-Sequence Compensation Factor

(a) Zone1 ZSC Factor Magnitude (KOM1)
- Range : 0.000 to 10.000, AUTO
KOM1 = AUTO
5.3.7 Distance Element Common Time Delay

(a) Zone1 Time Delay (Z1D)
- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000(cyc), OFF
Z1D =0.000 cyc
(b) Zone2 Time Delay (Z2D)

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000(cyc), OFF
- 23 -
Z2D 0.3 sec 60 18 cyc
Z2D = 18 cyc
(c) Zone3 Time Delay (Z3D)

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000(cyc)
- Zone 3 has reverse-looking distance protection that you do not need to apply for
tripping.
Set Zone3 for zero time delay.
Z3D = 0.000 cyc
(d) Zone4 Time Delay (Z4D)

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000(cyc)
- According to the ENATREL relay setting criteria for Zone3 timer
Z4D 1.0 60 60 cycle
Z4D = 60.000 cyc
5.3.8 Switch-Onto-Fault Scheme

(a) Single-Pole Switch-Onto-Fault (ESPSTF)
- In single-pole tripping scheme the ability to single-pole trip when SOTF is
enabled help improve transient power system stability
ESPSTF = Y
(b) Switch-Onto-Fault Voltage Reset (EVRST)

- Select : Y, N
- Use setting EVERST to enable fast reset to avoid unwanted tripping for
subsequent faults external to the remote terminal during the SOTF period.
EVRST = Y
(c) 52A Pole Open Time Delay (52AEND)

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000 (cyc), OFF
- Select the 52A option and set the delay (52AEND) shorter than the reclose open
interval.
52AEND = 10.000 cyc
- 24 -
(d) CLSMON or 1 Pole Open Delay (CLOEND)
- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000 (cyc), OFF
- Turn off CLOEND (CLSMON Delay) since this method is not used.
CLOEND = OFF
(e) Switch-Onto-Fault Enable Duration (SOTFD)

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000 (cyc)
- Setting SOTFD determines the longest period the SOTF logic can
assert after the circuit breaker closes.
SOTFD = 10.000 cyc
(f) Switch-Onto-Fault Reset Voltage (VRSTPU)

- Range : 0.60 to 1.00 (pu)
VRSTPU = 0.80 pu
5.3.9 Out-of-step Reset Tripping/Blocking

(a) Block Zone1 (OOSB1)
- Select : Y, N
OOSB1 = Y
(b) Block Zone2 (OOSB2)

- Select : Y, N
OOSB2 = Y
(c) Block Zone3 (OOSB3)

- Select : Y, N
OOSB3 = N
(d) Block Zone4 (OOSB4)

- Select : Y, N
OOSB4 = N
(e) Zone6 Resistance-Right (R1R6)

- Range : 0.25 to 350.00 (ohm, sec)
- Zone 2 is the outermost characteristic for this application.
- 25 -
Include a safety margin of 20%
R1R6 1.2 42.79 51.35Ω
R1R6 = 51.35
(f) Zone7 Resistance-Right (R1R7)

- Range : 0.25 to 350.00 (ohm, sec)
- Minimum Load impedance with safety factor of 80% is;
0.8 0.8 101.2
√
- Distance from origin to R1R6 : 51.35 sin 76.47 49.92Ω

- Assuming that X is the distance between the Zone 6 and Zone 7 characteristics in
all directions.;
58.14 49.92 101.2
17.40Ω
.
1 7 1 6 17.89 51.35 69.24
.
R1R7=69.24
(g) Zone6 Reactance-Top (X1T6)

- Range : 0.25 to 480.00 (ohm, sec)
- Include a safety margin 20% to the phase Zone 2 reach.
X1T6 1.2 XP2 RP2 sin 90° 76.47
1.2 40.11 42.79 sin 90° 76.47 58.142
X1T6 =58.14
(h) Zone7 Reactance-Top (X1T7)

- Range : 0.25 to 480.00 (ohm, sec)
X1T7 X1T6 R1R7 R1R6 58.14 17.40 75.54
X1T7=75.54
(i) Out-of-Step Block Time Delay (OSBD)

- Range : 0. 500 to 8000.000 (cyc)
-.
10.379 j56.061 2.564 j20.322 5.3814 j22.3648
- 26 -
116.44∠79.48°
Where;

.
Angle_R6 2 tan ≒2 tan 97.17°
.
.
.
- A typical stable sing frequency is 5 . use this value in the

following equation to find OSBD
6 7 97.17 80.12 60
OSBD 0.568
360° 360° 5
- The OSBD timer settings are in increments of 0.125;
Round up to nearest valid relay setting
OSBD = 0.625 cycle
(j) Latch Out-of-Step Blocking (OSBLTCH)

- Select : Y, N
OSBLTCH = Y
(k) Out-of-Step Tripping (EOOST)

- Select : N, I, O
EOOST = N
5.3.10 Phase Instantaneous/Definite-Time Overcurrent

5.3.10.1 Phase Instantaneous Overcurrent 1
(For backup Phase Directional O/C Protection)
(a) Level 1 Pick-up (50P1P)
- Range : 0.05 to 20.00 (A, sec), OFF
- According to ENATREL relay setting criteria;
- 27 -
√
- However, maximum power transfer capacity (MVA) is not available,

is assumed to be 1.5 times the current capacity of the T/L
50P1P 730A 1.5 0.684
50P1P = 0.68 A
(b) Level 1 Time Delay (67P1D)

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000 (cyc)
67P1D 1.5 sec 60 90 cyc
67P1D = 90.000 cyc
(c) Level 1 Torque Control Equation (67P1TC)

- Range : SELogic
67P1TC = F32P
5.3.10.2 Phase Instantaneous Overcurrent 2 (To initiate SOTF trip)

- Range : 0.05 to 20.00 (A, sec), OFF
- Set to 50 percent of the fault current for a close in internal fault
- Considering;
3phase fault : 1650A 0.5 0.515A
1-phase fault : 1070A 0.5 0.334A
Full-load current : 730A 0.456A
50P2P=0.46A

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000 (cyc)
67P2D=0.000 cyc
- 28 -
- Range : SELogic
67P2TC = 1
5.3.11 Residual Ground Instantaneous/Definite-Time Overcurrent

(For backup Ground Directional O/C Protection)
(a) Level 1 Pick-up (50G1P)
- Range : 0.05 to 20.00 (A, sec)
50G1P 0.68 0.4 0.272A
50G1P = 0.27 A
(b) Level 1 Time Delay (67G1D)

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000 (cyc)
67G1D = 90.000 cyc
(c) Level 1 Torque Control Equation (67G1TC)

- Range : SELogic
67G1TC = 32GF
5.3.12 Zone/Level Direction

(a) Zone/Level 3 Directional Control (DIR3)
- Select : F, R
DIR3 = R
(b) Zone/Level 4 Directional Control (DIR4)

- Select : F, R
DIR4 = F
5.3.13 Directional Control Element

(a) Ground Directional Element Priority (ORDER)
- Select : Q, V, I “Any combination of Q, V, and I”
- 29 -
ORDER = QV
5.3.14 Pole Open Detection

(a) Pole Open Detection (EPO)
- Select : 52, V
EPO = 52
(b) Single-Pole Open Dropout Delay (SPOD)

- Range : 0.000 to 60.000 (cyc)
SPOD = 0.5 cyc
(c) Three-Pole Open Dropout Delay (3POD)

- Range : 0.000 to 60.000 (cyc)
3POD = 0.5 cyc
5.3.15 Trip Schemes (POTT Trip Scheme)

(a) Zone 3 Reverse Block Time Delay (Z3RBD)
- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000 (cyc)
- Assuming a circuit breaker opening time of 3cycles, a communication
channel reset rime of 1 cycle, and remote Zone 2 relay rest time of 1 cycle;
Z3RBD = 5 cyc
(b) Echo Block Time Delay (EBLKD)

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000 (cyc)
channel round trip time of 2 cycle, and a safety margin of 5 cycle;
EBLKD = 10.000 cyc.
(c) Echo Time Delay Pickup (ETDPU)

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000 (cyc)
- The ETDPU setting depends upon your communications equipment,
but a conservative setting for this timer is 2 cycles
ETDPU = 2.000 cyc.
- 30 -
(d) Echo Duration Time Delay (EDURD)
- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000 (cyc)
- Assuming a 3cycles circuit breaker at the remote terminal and
A 1-cycle channel delay;
EDURD = 4.000 cyc.
(e) Weak Infeed Trip (EWFC)

- Select : Y, N, SP
EWFC = N
5.3.16 Breaker 1 Failure Logic

(a) Phase Fault Current Pickup (50FP1)
- Range : 0.10 to 10.00 (A, sec)
.
- 50% of remote bus 3 phase fault current 0.343
.
- 50% of remote bus 1 phase fault current 0.268
50FP1 = 0.27A.
(b) Breaker Failure Time Delay (BFPU1)

- Range : 0.000 to 6000.000 (cyc)
- BFPU1 CB trip time 50 FA reset time margin
3 1 5 9 cycle
BFPU1 = 9.000 cyc.
(c) RC trip Time Delay (RTPU1)

- Range : 0.000 to 6000.000 (cyc)
RTPU1 = 5.0 cyc.
(d) Breaker Failure Initiate Dropout Delay (BFIDO1)

- Range : 0.000 to 1000.000 (cyc)
- Disable this feature because single breaker system is used
BFIDO1 = 0.0 cyc.
- 31 -
(e) Breaker Failure initiate Seal-in Delay (BFISP1)
- Range : 0.000 to 1000.000 (cyc)
BFISP1 = 0.0 cyc.
(f) Load Current Breaker Failure Logic (ELCBF1)

- Select : Y, N
ELCBF1 = N
(g) Flashover Breaker Failure Logic (EFOBF1)

- Select : Y, N
EFOBF1 = N
5.3.17 Reclose, Manual Closing and Voltage Elements

(a) Number of Single-Pole Recloses (NSPSHOT)
- Select : N, 1, 2
- As per ENATREL`s request ;
NSPSHOT = 2
(b) Number of Three-Pole Recloses (N3PSHOT)

- Select : N, 1 – 4
N3PSHOT = N
(c) Breaker Close Failure Delay (BKCFD)

- Range : 1 to 99999 (cyc), OFF
- If circuit breaker fails to close within 10 seconds after the reclose
Command is received, the auto-reclose logic goes to lockout.
BKCFD = 600 cyc.
(d) Manual Close Reclaim Time Delay (3PMRCD)

- Range : 1 to 99999 cyc.
- When leaving the lockout condition, the reclose goes to
ready or Reset state after the 3PMRCD timer has expired.
3PMRCD = 900 cyc.
- 32 -
(e) Breaker 1 Reclose Supervision Delay (BK1CLSD)
- If circuit breaker 1 reclose supervision conditions fail to occur
within 300 cycles after the three-pole open interval time delay
expires BK1CLSD will assert, and the auto-reclose goes to lockout.
BK1CLSD = 300 cyc.
(f) Single-Pole Open Interval Delay (SPOID)

- Set the single-pole interval time equal to one second.
SPOID = 60 cyc.
(g) Single-Pole Reclaim Time Delay (SPRCD)

- Set the reclaim time following a single-pole auto-reclose
cycle equal to 900 cycles
SPRCD = 900 cyc.
(h) Three-Pole Line Open Failure Delay (3PRIH)

- Range : 1 to 99999 (cyc.), OFF
3PRIH = 15 cyc.
(i) Three-Pole Open Interval Delay (3POID1)

- Range : 1 to 99999 (cyc.)
- Set the three-pole open interval time equal to 30 cycles.
3POID1 = 30 cyc.
(j) Three-Pole Reclaim Time Delay (3PRCD)

- Range : 1 to 99999 (cyc.)
- Set the reclaim time following a three-pole auto-reclose cycle
equal to 900 cycles
3PRCD = 900 cyc.
- 33 -
(k) Reclosing Voltage Check (EVCK)
- Select : Y, N
EVCK = Y
(l) Dead Line Voltage (27LP)

- Range : 1.0 to 200.0 (V, sec.)
- Set to 20% of rated voltage
- 27LP 0.2 11.5
√
27LP = 11.5 V
(m) Live Line Voltage (59LP)

- Range : 1.0 to 200.0 (V, sec.)
- set to 80% of rated voltage
- 59LP 0.8 46.18
√
59LP = 46.2 V
(n) Breaker 1 Dead Bus bar Voltage (27BK1P)

- Range : 1.0 to 200.0 (V, sec.)
27BK1P = 11.5 V
(o) Breaker 1 Live Bus bar voltage (59BK1P)

- Range : 1.0 to 200.0 (V, sec.)
59BK1P = 46.2 V
5.3.18 Synchronism Check

(a) Synchronism Reference (SYNCP)
- Select : VAY, VBY, VCY, VAZ, VBZ, VCZ
- Select A-phase voltage from the line source for the synchronism
check reference
SYNCP = VAY
(b) Voltage Window Low Threshold (25VL)

- Range : 20.0 to 200.0 (V, sec.)
- 34 -
0.9 51.9
√
25VL = 51.9 V
(c) Voltage Window High Threshold (25VH)

- Range : 20.0 to 200.0 (V, sec.)
1.1 63.5
√
25VH = 63.5 V
(d) Synchronism Source 1 (STNCS1)

STNCS1 = VAZ
(e) Synchronism Source 1 Ratio Factor (KS1M)

- Range : 0.10 to 3.00
KS1M = 1.00
(f) Synchronism Source 1 Angle Shift (KS1A)

- Range : 0 to 330 (deg.)
KS1A = 0 deg.
(g) Maximum Slip Frequency (25SFBK1)

- Range : 0.005 to 0.500 (Hz), OFF
- Assuming slip frequency equivalent to 15degree of angle
variation in 2 second;
25SFBK1 2 0.0208 Hz
25SFBK1 = 0.021 Hz
(h) Maximum Angle Difference 1 (ANG1BK1)

- Range : 3.0 to 80.0 (deg.)
- Set ANG1BK1 to 20 degrees for auto-reclosing
ANG1BK1 = 20 deg.
- 35 -
(i) Maximum Angle Difference 2 (ANG2BK1)
- Range : 3.0 to 80.0 (deg.)
- Set ANG2BK1 to 20 degrees for manual closing of CB.
ANG2BK1 = 20 deg.
(j) Breaker 1 Close Time (TCLSBK1)

- Range : 1.0 to 30.0 (cyc.)
TCLSBK1 = 6 cyc.(set to actual CB closing time)
5.3.19 Fault Locator

(a) Line Length
- Range : 0.1 to 999.00
LLR = 49.37
- 36 -
5.4 EL SAUCE S/S 138kV CARLOS FONSECA LINE PROTECTION
(SEL-421)
- Range : 1 to 50000
- CT ratio : 800 / 1600 – 1 A
CTRW = 1600

- Range : 1 to 10000.0
/√
-PT ratio = 1380
/√
PTRY = 1380

- Range : 60 to 300 (V, sec.)
VNOMY = 100 V, sec.

- Range : 1 to 10000.0
/√
-PT ratio = 1380
/√
PTRZ = 1380

- Range : 60 to 300 (V, sec)
VNOMZ = 100 V,sec

- Range : 0.25 to 1275.00 (ohm, sec)
Z1 0.1090 j0.4530 Ω/km 49.3705 km
5.3814 j22.3648Ω 23.0032∠76.47°Ω
- 37 -
1 23.0032 26.6703
Z1MAG = 26.67 Ω

- Range : 5.00 to 90.00 deg.
Z1ANG = 76.47 deg.

- Range : 0.25 to 1275.00 (ohms, sec)
Z0 0.3267 j1.4580 Ω/km 49.3705 km
16.1293 j72.4759 Ω 74.2490∠77.45° Ω
Z0MAG 74.2490 86.0857
Z0MAG = 86.09Ω

- Range : 5.00 to 90.00 deg.
Z0ANG = 77.45 deg.

- Select : Y, N
EFLOC = Y
(k) Line Length (LL)

- Range : 0.1 to 999.00
LL = 49.37 (km)

(a) Enable Quadrilateral Phase Distance Zones (E21XP)
- Select : N, 1 – 5
E21XP = 4
(b) Enable Quadrilateral Ground Distance Zones (E21XG)

- Select : N, 1 – 5
- 38 -
E21XG = 4
(c) Enable Distance Element Common Time Delay (ECDTD)

- Select : Y, N
ECDTD = Y
(d) Enable Switch–Onto–Fault (ESOTF)

- Select : Y, N
ESOTF = Y
(e) Enable Out–Of–Step (EOOS)

- Select : Y, Y1, N
EOOS = Y
(f) Enable Load Encroachment (ELOAD)

- Select : Y, N
ELOAD = N
(g) Enable CVT Transient Detection (ECVT)

- Select : Y, N
| | | . . | .
- SIR | | . |
2.916 5
. ∙| . . . .

ECVT =N
(h) Enable Phase Instantaneous / Definite-Time O/C Elements (E50P)

- Select : N, 1 - 4
E50P = 2
(i) Enable Residual Ground Instantaneous / Definite – Time O/C Elements (E50G)
- Select : N, 1 - 4
E50G = 1
- 39 -
(j) Enable Negative-Sequence Instantaneous / Definite – Time O/C Elements (E50Q)
- Select : N, 1 - 4
E50Q = N
(k) Enable Directional Control (E32)

- Select : Y, AUTO
E32 = AUTO
(l) Enable Communication Scheme (ECOMM)

ECOMM = POTT
(m) Enable Breaker 1 Failure Logic (EBFL1)

- Select : N, 1, 2
EBFL1 = N
(n) Enable Synchronism Check for Breaker 1 (E25BK1)

- Select : Y, N
E25BK1 = N
(o) Enable Reclosing (E79)

- Select : Y, Y1, N
E79 = N
(p) Enable Manual Closing (EMANCL)

- Select : Y, N
EMANCL = N
(q) Enable Loss-Of-Potential (ELOP)

- Select : Y, Y1, N
ELOP = Y1
- 40 -
(r) Enable Advanced Settings (EADVS)
- Select : Y, Y1, N
EADVS = N

- XP1 26.67 0.85 22.669
XP1 = 22.67

- Range : 0.25 to 250.00 (ohms, sec)
RP1 = 38.90

Z2 2 ⅱ , X2 20%
0.1033 j0.4685 Ω/km 32.10km
3.3159 j15.0388Ω 15.4001∠77.56°Ω
. . . .
Z2 23.003 15.40 cos 77.56 76.47 0.2 34.592
.

. . .
Z2 ⅱ 23.003 60.457 260.43
.
Z2 ′2
XP2 34.592 40.106
XP2 = 40.11
(d) Zone 2 Resistance (RP2)

- Range : 0.25 to 320.00 (ohms, sec)
- 41 -
RP2 38.90 1.1 42.79
RP2 = 42.79

- Range : 0.25 to 320.00 (ohms, sec)
XP3 40.11Ω 1.5 60.165Ω
XP3 = 60.16

- Range : 0.25 to 250.00 (ohms, sec)
RP3 1.2 42.79 51.348
RP3 = 51.35

for Zone 3 element;
Z3 3 ⅲ , X3 110%
0.1033 j0.4770 Ω/km 56.96km
5.8839 j27.1699Ω 27.8009∠77.77°Ω
. . . .
Z3 1.1 23.003 27.801 cos 77.77 76.47 129.808
.
XP4 129.808 150.50Ω
XP4 =150.50
- 42 -
- Range : 0.25 to 250.00 (ohms, sec)
RP4 = 51.35

- Select : Y, N
ARESE = Y

- Range : 0.25 to 320 (Ω, sec
- Line pos. seq. impedance is used for XG1 setting, not pure reactance of
line (refer to instruction manual P.3.180)
XG1 26.67 0.85 22.669
XG1 = 22.67

- Range : 0.25 to 250 (Ω, sec .
m 1
| |∙
where :
R = RG1
| | j22.3648 j25.9302
0.85 1 , R =77.790 Ω
.
- 43 -
RG1 0.5 77.790Ω 38.895
RG1=38.90

- Range : 0.25 to 320.00 (Ω, sec
XG2 = 40.11

- Range : 0.25 to 250.00 (Ω, sec
RG2=42.79

- Range : 0.25 to 320.0 (Ω, sec
XG3 = 60.16

- Range : 0.25 to 320.00 (Ω, sec
RG3 1.25 68.82 86.025
RG3=51.35

- Range : 0.25 to 320.00 (Ω, sec
XG4 = 150.53

- Range : 0.25 to 250.00 (Ω, sec
- 44 -
RG4=51.35
5.4.5 Zero-Sequence compensation Factor

- Range : 0.000 to 10.000, AUTO
KOM1 = AUTO

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000(cyc), OFF
Z1D =0.000 cyc.

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000(cyc), OFF
Z2D 0.3 sec 60 18 cyc
Z2D = 18 cyc.

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000(cyc)
- Zone 3 has reverse-looking distance protection that you do not
Need to apply for tripping.
Z3D = 0.000 cyc.

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000(cyc)
Z4D 1.0 60 60 cycle
Z4D = 60.000 cyc.
- 45 -
- Single-pole tripping is applied and the ability to single-pole trip
When SOTF is enabled help improve transient power system stability
ESPSTF = Y

- Select : Y, N
EVRST = Y

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000 (cyc), OFF
- Select the 52A option and set the delay (52AEND) shorter
Than the reclose open interval.
52AEND = 10.000 cyc

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000 (cyc), OFF
CLOEND = OFF

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000 (cyc)
SOTFD = 10.000 cyc.

- Range : 0.60 to 1.00 (pu)
VRSTPU = 0.80 pu
- 46 -
- Select : Y, N
OOSB1 = Y

- Select : Y, N
OOSB2 = Y

- Select : Y, N
OOSB3 = N

- Select : Y, N
OOSB4 = N

- Range : 0.25 to 350.00 (ohm, sec)
R1R6 1.2 42.79 51.34Ω
R1R6 = 51.35

- Range : 0.25 to 350.00 (ohm, sec)
0.8 0.8 101.2
√

all directions.;
58.14 49.92 101.2
17.40Ω
- 47 -
.
1 7 1 6 17.89 51.35 69.24
.
R1R7=69.24

- Range : 0.25 to 480.00 (ohm, sec)
X1T6 1.2 XP2 RP2 sin 90° 76.47
1.2 40.11 42.79 sin 90° 76.47 58.142
X1T6 = 58.14

- Range : 0.25 to 480.00 (ohm, sec)
X1T7 X1T6 R1R7 R1R6 58.14 17.40 75.54
X1T7=75.54

- Range : 0. 500 to 8000.000 (cyc)
-.
10.379 j56.061 2.564 j20.322 5.3814 j22.3648
116.44∠79.48°
Where;

.
.
.
.

- 48 -
. .
OSBD 0.568
° °

OSBD = 0.625 cycle

- Select : Y, N
OSBLTCH = Y

- Select : N, I, O
EOOST = N

- Range : 0.05 to 20.00 (A, sec), OFF

50P1P 730A 1.5 0.684
50P1P = 0.68 A

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000 (cyc)
67P1D 1.5 sec 60 90 cyc
67P1D = 90.000 cyc
- 49 -
- Range : SELogic
67P1TC = F32P

- Range : 0.05 to 20.00 (A, sec), OFF
- Considering;
3phase fault : 1650A 0.5 0.515A
1-phase fault : 1070A 0.5 0.334A
50P2P = 0.46A

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000 (cyc)
67P2D = 0.000 cyc

- Range : SELogic
67P2TC = 1

- Range : 0.05 to 20.00 (A, sec)
50G1P 0.68 0.4 0.272A
50G1P = 0.27 A
- 50 -
- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000 (cyc)
67G1D = 90.000 cyc

- Range : SELogic
67G1TC = 32GF

- Select : F, R
DIR3 = R

- Select : F, R
DIR4 = F

- Select : Q, V, I “Any combination of Q, V, and I “
ORDER = QV

- Select : 52, V
EPO = 52

- Range : 0.000 to 60.000 (cyc)
SPOD = 0.5 cyc
- 51 -
- Range : 0.000 to 60.000 (cyc)
3POD = 0.5 cyc

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000 (cyc)
Z3RBD = 5 cyc

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000 (cyc)
EBLKD = 10.000 cyc.

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000 (cyc)
ETDPU = 2.000 cyc.

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000 (cyc)
EDURD = 4.000 cyc.

- Select : Y, N, SP
EWFC = N
- 52 -
Attachment 1 : Impedance Characteristics of Distance Protection elements and Out-of-step
Protection elements for EL SAUCE S/S 138kV CARLOS FONSECA Line
- 53 -
5.5 EL SAUCE S/S 138kV MALPAISILLO LINE PROTECTION
(SEL-411L)
- Range : 1 to 50000
- CT ratio : 800 / 1600 – 1 A
CTRW = 1600

- Range : 1 to 10000.0
/√
-PT ratio = 1380
/√
PTRY = 1380

- Range : 60 to 300 (V, sec.)
VNOMY = 100 V, sec.

- Range : 1 to 10000.0
/√
-PT ratio = 1380
/√
PTRZ = 1380

- Range : 60 to 300 (V, sec)
VNOMZ = 100 V,sec

- Range : 0.25 to 1275.00 (ohm, sec)
1 8.3245 j34.8128Ω
35.792 ∠76.55°Ω
- 54 -
1 35.7942 41.5005
Z1MAG = 41.50 Ω

- Range : 5.00 to 90.00 deg.
Z1ANG = 76.55 deg.

- Range : 0.25 to 1275.00 (ohms, sec)
Z0 30.9820 j129.5383
133.1917∠76.55°
Z0MAG 133.1917 154.425
Z0MAG = 154.42Ω

- Range : 5.00 to 90.00 deg.
Z0ANG = 76.55 deg.

- Select : Y, N
EFLOC = Y

- Select : Y, N
E87L = Y

- Select : Y, N
E87LCC = N
(c) Enable Quadrilateral Phase Distance Zones (E21XP)

- Select : N, 1 – 5
- 55 -
E21XP = 4
(d) Enable Quadrilateral Ground Distance Zones (E21XG)

- Select : N, 1 – 5
E21XG = 4
(e) Enable Distance Element Common Time Delay (ECDTD)

- Select : Y, N
ECDTD = Y
(f) Enable Switch–Onto–Fault (ESOTF)

- Select : Y, N
ESOTF = Y
(g) Enable Out–Of–Step (EOOS)

- Select : Y, Y1, N
EOOS = Y
(h) Enable Load Encroachment (ELOAD)

- Select : Y, N
ELOAD = N
(i) Enable CVT Transient Detection (ECVT)

- Select : Y, N
| | | . . |
- SIR |
1.416 5
. ∙| . .

ECVT =N
(j) Enable Phase Instantaneous / Definite-Time O/C Elements (E50P)

- Select : N, 1 - 4
E50P = 2
(k) Enable Residual Ground Instantaneous / Definite – Time O/C Elements (E50G)
- Select : N, 1 - 4
- 56 -
E50G = 1
(l) Enable Negative-Sequence Instantaneous / Definite – Time O/C Elements (E50Q)

- Select : N, 1 - 4
E50Q = N
(m) Enable Directional Control (E32)

- Select : Y, AUTO
E32 = AUTO
(n) Enable Communication Scheme (ECOMM)

ECOMM = N
(o) Enable Breaker 1 Failure Logic (EBFL1)

- Select : N, 1, 2
EBFL1 = 1
(p) Enable Synchronism Check for Breaker 1 (E25BK1)

- Select : Y, N
E25BK1 = Y
(q) Enable Reclosing (E79)

- Select : Y, Y1, N
E79 = Y
(r) Enable Manual Closing (EMANCL)

- Select : Y, N
EMANCL = Y
(s) Enable Loss-Of-Potential (ELOP)

- Select : Y, Y1, N
- 57 -
ELOP = Y1
(t) Enable Advanced Settings (EADVS)

- Select : Y, Y1, N
EADVS = N

- Select : SELogic
87CTWL = 1

- Select : P, N
87CTPWL = P
- Range : 1 to 50000
87CTP1R = 1600 A

- Range : 1.00 to 10.00

-87LTAPW 1
CTBASE MAX ∙ 87CTP1R, 87CTP2R, 87CTP3R, CTRW ∙ I , CTRX ∙ I


87LINEV = Y
- 58 -
- Range : 0.10 to 2.00 (pu), OFF
- Setting criteria;
 Set to T/L charging current with safety margin of 3, not to operate
87LLP 0.2899A/km 76.3129km 3 1600 0.04148 pu
 For increased sensitivity on internal 3-phase fault, set to 20% of 3 phase fault
current on EL SAUCE S/S 138kV bus fault.
87LLP 3680 A 0.2 1/1600 0.46 pu
 Set to full load current for security on CT open condition.
87LLP 730 A 1/1600 0.45 p. u
87LPP = 0.46

- Range : 1.2 to 8.0
87LPR = 6.0

- Range : 90 to 270 (deg.)
87LPA = 195 deg.

- Range : 0.10 to 2.00 (p.u), OFF
for 87LQ operation
- Setting criteria
87LQP 0.04148pu
 Set to 20% of phase-to-phase fault current on EL SAUCE S/S 138kV bus
fault.
87LQP 3680A 0.866 0.2 1/1600 0.398 pu
- 59 -
 Set to 10% of 1-phase-to-ground fault current on EL SAUCE S/S
138kV bus fault, considering high fault resistance.
87LQP 2520A 0.1 1/1600 0.1575 pu
87LQP = 0.20 pu

- Range : 1.2 to 8.0
87LQR = 6

- Range : 90 to 270 (deg.)
87LQA = 195 deg.

- Range : 0.10 to 2.00 (pu), OFF
87LGP = 0.20 pu

- Range : 1.20 to 8.0
87LGR = 6

- Range : 90 to 270 (deg.)
87LGA = 195 deg.

- XP1 41.50 0.85 35.275
XP1 = 35.27

- Range : 0.25 to 250.00 (ohms, sec)
- 60 -
RP1 = 30.02

Z2 2 ⅱ , X2 20%
2.4631 j10.3588 Ω
10.6476∠76.62°Ω
. .
Z2 35.7942 10.6476 cos 76.62 76.55 0.2 41.8487
.

. . .
Z2 ⅱ 35.7942 49.77 310.9930
.
Z2 ′2
XP2 41.8487 48.5202
XP2 = 48.52

- Range : 0.25 to 320.00 (ohms, sec)
RP2 30.02 1.1 33.022
RP2 = 33.02

- Range : 0.25 to 320.00 (ohms, sec)
Set to 120% of Zone2 setting at the local terminal.
XP3 48.52 1.2 58.224
XP3 = 58.22
- 61 -
- Range : 0.25 to 250.00 (ohms, sec)
RP3 1.2 33.02 39.626
RP3 = 39.62

for Zone 3 element;
Z3 3 ⅲ , X3 110%
2.4631 j10.3588Ω
10.6476∠76.62°Ω
. .
Z3 1.1 35.7942 10.6476 cos 76.62 76.55 72.6734Ω
.
XP4 72.6734 84.259
XP4 =84.26

- Range : 0.25 to 250.00 (ohms, sec)
RP4 =39.62

- Select : Y, N
ARESE = Y

- Range : 0.25 to 320 (Ω, sec
- 62 -
XG1 41.50 0.85 35.275
XG1 = 35.27

- Range : 0.25 to 250 (Ω, sec .
m 1
| |∙
where :
R = RG1
| | j34.8128 j40.3626
0.85 1 , R =121.088 Ω
.
- A safety margin of 50% is recommended because single pole

RG1 0.5 121.088 60.044
- However, to secure reach setting margin with out-of-step protection element,
RG1 setting is decreased to 50%
RG1 0.5 60.044 30.022
RG1=30.02

- Range : 0.25 to 320.00 (Ω, sec
- Same setting as mho phase distance element
XG2 = 48.52

- Range : 0.25 to 250.00 (Ω, sec
- 63 -
RG2=33.02

- Range : 0.25 to 320.0 (Ω, sec
XG3 = 58.22

- Range : 0.25 to 320.00 (Ω, sec
RG3=39.62

- Range : 0.25 to 320.00 (Ω, sec
XG4 = 84.26

- Range : 0.25 to 250.00 (Ω, sec
RG4=39.62

- Range : 0.000 to 10.000, AUTO
KOM1 = AUTO

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000(cyc), OFF
Z1D =0.000 cyc
- 64 -
- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000(cyc), OFF
Z2D 0.3 sec 60 18 cyc
Z2D = 18 cyc

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000(cyc)
- Zone 3 has reverse-looking distance protection that you do not need to apply for
tripping.
Z3D = 0.000 cyc

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000(cyc)
Z4D 1.0 60 60 cycle
Z4D = 60.000 cyc

- Select : Y, N
- Single-pole tripping is applied and the ability to single-pole trip when SOTF is
enabled help improve transient power system stability
ESPSTF = Y

- Select : Y, N
EVRST = Y
- 65 -
- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000 (cyc), OFF
than the reclose open interval.
52AEND = 10.000 cyc

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000 (cyc), OFF
CLOEND = OFF

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000 (cyc)
SOTFD = 10.000 cyc

- Range : 0.60 to 1.00 (pu)
VRSTPU = 0.80 pu

- Select : Y, N
OOSB1 = Y

- Select : Y, N
OOSB2 = Y

- Select : Y, N
OOSB3 = N
- 66 -
- Select : Y, N
OOSB4 = N

- Range : 0.25 to 350.00 (ohm, sec)
include a safety margin of 20%
R1R6 1.5 RP2 1.5 33.02 49.53Ω
R1R6 = 49.53

- Range : 0.25 to 350.00 (ohm, sec)
0.9 0.9 113.89
√

all directions.;
65.90 48.17 113.89
23.0Ω
.
1 7 1 6 23.65 49.53 73.18
.
R1R7=73.18

- Range : 0.25 to 480.00 (ohm, sec)
X1T6 1.2 XP2 RP2 sin 90° 76.55
1.2 48.52 33.02 sin 90° 76.55 65.904Ω
X1T6 = 65.90

- Range : 0.25 to 480.00 (ohm, sec)
- 67 -
X1T7 X1T6 R1R7 R1R6 65.90 23.0 88.9
X1T7=88.9

- Range : 0. 500 to 8000.000 (cyc)
-.
8.592 j49.224 8.3245 j34.8128 1.714 j17.198
119.34∠79.52°
Where;

.
.
.
.

. .
OSBD 0.711
° °

OSBD = 0.75 cycle

- Select : Y, N
OSBLTCH = Y

- Select : N, I, O
EOOST = N
- 68 -
- Range : 0.05 to 20.00 (A, sec), OFF

50P1P 730A 1.5 0.684
50P1P = 0.68 A

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000 (cyc)
67P1D 1.5 sec 60 90 cyc
67P1D = 90.000 cyc

- Range : SELogic
67P1TC = F32P

- Range : 0.05 to 20.00 (A, sec), OFF
- Considering;
3phase fault : 2020A 0.5 0.631A
1-phase fault : 1440A 0.5 0.45A
- 69 -
50P2P = 0.46 A

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000 (cyc)
67P2D = 0.000 cyc

- Range : SELogic
67P2TC = 1

- Range : 0.05 to 20.00 (A, sec)
50G1P 0.68 0.4 0.272A
50G1P = 0.27 A

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000 (cyc)
67G1D = 90.000 cyc

- Range : SELogic
67G1TC = 32GF

- Select : F, R
DIR3 = R
- 70 -
- Select : F, R
DIR4 = F

- Select : Q, V, I “Any combination of Q, V, and I ”
ORDER = QV

- Select : 52, V
EPO = 52

- Range : 0.000 to 60.000 (cyc)
SPOD = 0.5 cyc

- Range : 0.000 to 60.000 (cyc)
3POD = 0.5 cyc

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000 (cyc)
Z3RBD = 5 cyc

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000 (cyc)
- 71 -
EBLKD = 10.000 cyc.

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000 (cyc)
ETDPU = 2.000 cyc.

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000 (cyc)
EDURD = 4.000 cyc.

- Select : Y, N, SP
EWFC = N

- Range : 0.10 to 10.00 (A, sec)
- 50% remote bus 3 phase fault current 0.5 0.318
- 50% remote bus 1 phase fault current 0.5 0.25
50FP1 = 0.25 A.

- Range : 0.000 to 6000.000 (cyc)
3 1 5 9 cycle
BFPU1 = 9.000 cyc.

- Range : 0.000 to 6000.000 (cyc)
- 72 -
RTPU1 = 5.0 cyc.

- Range : 0.000 to 1000.000 (cyc)
- Disable this feature because single breaker system is used.
BFIDO1 = 0.0 cyc.

- Range : 0.000 to 1000.000 (cyc)
BFISP1 = 0.0 cyc.

- Select : Y, N
ELCBF1 = N

- Select : Y, N
EFOBF1 = N

- Select : N, 1, 2
NSPSHOT = 2

- Select : N, 1 – 4
N3PSHOT = N

BKCFD = 600 cyc.
- 73 -
3PMRCD = 900 cyc.

BK1CLSD = 300 cyc.

SPOID = 60 cyc.

SPRCD = 900 cyc.

3PRIH = 15 cyc.

- Range : 1 to 99999 (cyc.)
3POID1 = 30 cyc.
- 74 -
- Range : 1 to 99999 (cyc.)
equal to 900 cycles
3PRCD = 900 cyc.

- Select : Y, N
EVCK = Y

- Range : 1.0 to 200.0 (V, sec.)
- 27LP 0.2 11.5
√
27LP = 11.5 V

- Range : 1.0 to 200.0 (V, sec.)
- 59LP 0.8 46.18
√
59LP = 46.2 V

- Range : 1.0 to 200.0 (V, sec.)
27BK1P = 11.5 V

- Range : 1.0 to 200.0 (V, sec.)
59BK1P = 46.2 V
5.5.18 Synchronism Check

(a) Synchronism Reference (SYNCP)
- 75 -
- Select A-phase voltage from the line source for the synchronism
check reference
SYNCP = VAY
(b) Voltage Window Low Threshold (25VL)

- Range : 20.0 to 200.0 (V, sec.)
0.9 51.9
√
25VL = 51.9 V
(c) Voltage Window High Threshold (25VH)

- Range : 20.0 to 200.0 (V, sec.)
1.1 63.5
√
25VH = 63.5 V
(d) Synchronism Source 1 (STNCS1)

STNCS1 = VAZ
(e) Synchronism Source 1 Ratio Factor (KS1M)

- Range : 0.10 to 3.00
KS1M = 1.00
(f) Synchronism Source 1 Angle Shift (KS1A)

- Range : 0 to 330 (deg.)
KS1A = 0 deg.
(g) Maximum Slip Frequency (25SFBK1)

- Range : 0.005 to 0.500 (Hz), OFF
- Assuming slip frequency equivalent to 15degree of angle
variation in 2 second;
25SFBK1 2 0.0208 Hz
25SFBK1 = 0.021 Hz
- 76 -
(h) Maximum Angle Difference 1 (ANG1BK1)
- Range : 3.0 to 80.0 (deg.)
- Set ANG1BK1 to 20 degrees for auto-reclosing
ANG1BK1 = 20 deg.
(i) Maximum Angle Difference 2 (ANG2BK1)

- Range : 3.0 to 80.0 (deg.)
- Set ANG2BK1 to 20 degrees for manual closing of CB.
ANG2BK1 = 20 deg.
(j) Breaker 1 Close Time (TCLSBK1)

- Range : 1.0 to 30.0 (cyc.)
TCLSBK1 = 6 cyc.(set to actual CB closing time)
5.5.19 Fault Location

(a) Line Length
- Range : 0.1 to 999.00
LLR = 76.31
- 77 -
5.6 EL SAUCE S/S 138kV MALPAISILLO LINE PROTECTION (SEL-421)
- Range : 1 to 50000
- CT ratio : 800 / 1600 – 1 A
CTRW = 1600

- Range : 1 to 10000.0
/√
-PT ratio = 1380
/√
PTRY = 1380

- Range : 60 to 300 (V, sec.)
VNOMY = 100 V, sec.

- Range : 1 to 10000.0
/√
-PT ratio = 1380
/√
PTRZ = 1380

- Range : 60 to 300 (V, sec)
VNOMZ = 100 V,sec

- Range : 0.25 to 1275.00 (ohm, sec)
Z1 8.3245 j34.8128Ω
35.792 ∠76.55°Ω
Z1MAG 35.7942 41.5005
- 78 -
Z1MAG = 41.50 Ω

- Range : 5.00 to 90.00 deg.
Z1ANG = 76.55 deg.

- Range : 0.25 to 1275.00 (ohms, sec)
Z0 30.9820 j129.5383
133.1917∠76.55°
Z0MAG 133.1917 154.425
Z0MAG = 154.42 Ω

- Range : 5.00 to 90.00 deg.
Z0ANG = 76.55 deg.

- Select : Y, N
EFLOC = Y

- Range : 0.10 to 999.00
LL = 76.31 km

- Select : N, 1 – 5
E21XP = 4

- Select : N, 1 – 5
E21XG = 4
- 79 -
- Select : Y, N
ECDTD = Y

- Select : Y, N
ESOTF = Y

- Select : Y, Y1, N
EOOS = Y

- Select : Y, N
ELOAD = N

- Select : Y, N
| | | . . |
- SIR |
1.416 5
. ∙| . .

ECVT =N

- Select : N, 1 - 4
E50P = 2
- Select : N, 1 - 4
E50G = 1

- Select : N, 1 - 4
- 80 -
E50Q = N

- Select : Y, AUTO
E32 = AUTO

ECOMM = POTT

- Select : N, 1, 2
EBFL1 = N

- Select : Y, N
E25BK1 = N

- Select : Y, Y1, N
E79 = N

- Select : Y, N
EMANCL = N

- Select : Y, Y1, N
ELOP = Y1

- Select : Y, Y1, N
EADVS = N
- 81 -
- XP1 41.50 0.85 35.275
XP1 = 35.27

- Range : 0.25 to 250.00 (ohms, sec)
RP1 = 30.02

Z2 2 ⅱ , X2 20%
2.4631 j10.3588 Ω
10.6476∠76.62°Ω
. .
Z2 35.7942 10.6476 cos 76.62 76.55 0.2 41.8487
.

. . .
Z2 ⅱ 35.7942 49.77 310.9930
.
Z2 ′2
XP2 41.8487 48.5202
XP2 = 48.52

- Range : 0.25 to 320.00 (ohms, sec)
RP2 30.02 1.1 33.022
RP2 = 33.02
- 82 -
- Range : 0.25 to 320.00 (ohms, sec)
reversals (reverse looking for POTT scheme), Zone3 fault coverage
XP3 48.52 1.2 58.224
XP3 = 58.22

- Range : 0.25 to 250.00 (ohms, sec)
RP3 1.2 33.02 39.626
RP3 = 39.62

for Zone 3 element;
Z3 3 ⅲ , X3 110%
2.4631 j10.3588Ω
10.6476∠76.62°Ω
. .
Z3 1.1 35.7942 10.6476 cos 76.62 76.55 72.6734Ω
.
XP4 72.6734 84.259
XP4 = 84.26

- Range : 0.25 to 250.00 (ohms, sec)
RP4 = 39.62
- 83 -
- Select : Y, N
ARESE = Y

- Range : 0.25 to 320 (Ω, sec
XG1 41.50 0.85 35.275
XG1 = 35.27

- Range : 0.25 to 250 (Ω, sec .
m 1
| |∙
where :
R = RG1
| | j34.8128 j40.3626
0.85 1 , R =121.088 Ω
.
- A safety margin of 50% is recommended because single pole

RG1 0.5 121.088 60.044
- However, to secure reach setting margin with out-of-step protection element,
RG1 setting is decreased to 50%
- 84 -
RG1 0.5 60.044 30.022
RG1= 30.02

- Range : 0.25 to 320.00 (Ω, sec
- Same setting as mho phase distance element
XG2 = 48.52

- Range : 0.25 to 250.00 (Ω, sec
RG2= 33.02

- Range : 0.25 to 320.0 (Ω, sec
XG3 = 58.22

- Range : 0.25 to 320.00 (Ω, sec
RG3= 39.62

- Range : 0.25 to 320.00 (Ω, sec
- Same setting as Z4MP
XG4 = 84.62

- Range : 0.25 to 250.00 (Ω, sec
RG4= 39.62
- 85 -
- Range : 0.000 to 10.000, AUTO
KOM1 = AUTO

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000(cyc), OFF
Z1D =0.000 cyc

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000(cyc), OFF
Z2D 0.3 sec 60 18 cyc
Z2D = 18 cycle

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000(cyc)
- Zone 3 has reverse-looking distance protection that you do not
need to apply for tripping.
Z3D = 0.000 cyc

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000(cyc)
Z4D 1.0 60 60 cycle
Z4D = 60.000 cyc

- Select : Y, N
- 86 -
ESPSTF = Y

- Select : Y, N
EVRST = Y

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000 (cyc), OFF
52AEND = 10.000 cyc

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000 (cyc), OFF
CLOEND = OFF

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000 (cyc)
SOTFD = 10.000 cyc

- Range : 0.60 to 1.00 (pu)
VRSTPU = 0.80 pu

- Select : Y, N
OOSB1 = Y
- 87 -
- Select : Y, N
OOSB2 = Y

- Select : Y, N
OOSB3 = N

- Select : Y, N
OOSB4 = N

- Range : 0.25 to 350.00 (ohm, sec)
R1R6 1.2 RP2 1.2 33.02 39.624Ω
R1R6 = 39.62

- Range : 0.25 to 350.00 (ohm, sec)
0.8 0.8 101.2
√

all directions.;
65.90 38.53 101.2
18.02Ω
.
1 7 1 6 17.89 39.62 58.148
.
R1R7= 58.14

- Range : 0.25 to 480.00 (ohm, sec)
- 88 -
X1T6 1.2 XP2 RP2 sin 90° 76.55
1.2 48.52 33.02 sin 90° 76.55 65.904Ω
X1T6 = 65.90

- Range : 0.25 to 480.00 (ohm, sec)
X1T7 X1T6 R1R7 R1R6 65.90 18.02 83.92
X1T7= 83.92

- Range : 0. 500 to 8000.000 (cyc)
-.
8.592 j49.224 8.3245 j34.8128 1.714 j17.198
119.34∠79.52°
Where;

.
.
.
.

. .
OSBD 0.711
° °

OSBD = 0.75 cycle
- 89 -
- Select : Y, N
OSBLTCH = Y

- Select : N, I, O
EOOST = N

- Range : 0.05 to 20.00 (A, sec), OFF

50P1P 730A 1.5 0.684
50P1P = 0.68 A

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000 (cyc)
67P1D 1.5 sec 60 90 cyc
67P1D = 90.000 cyc

- Range : SELogic
67P1TC = F32P
- 90 -
- Range : 0.05 to 20.00 (A, sec), OFF
- Considering;
3phase fault : 2020A 0.5 0.631A
1-phase fault : 1440A 0.5 0.45A
50P2P = 0.46A

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000 (cyc)
67P2D = 0.000 cyc

- Range : SELogic
67P2TC = 1

- Range : 0.05 to 20.00 (A, sec)
50G1P 0.68 0.4 0.272A
50G1P = 0.27 A

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000 (cyc)
67G1D = 90.000 cyc
- 91 -
- Range : SELogic
67G1TC = 32GF

- Select : F, R
DIR3 = R

- Select : F, R
DIR4 = F

- Select : Q, V, I “Any combination of Q, V, and I ”
ORDER = QV

- Select : 52, V
EPO = 52

- Range : 0.000 to 60.000 (cyc)
SPOD = 0.5 cyc

- Range : 0.000 to 60.000 (cyc)
3POD = 0.5 cyc
- 92 -
- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000 (cyc)
Z3RBD = 5 cyc

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000 (cyc)
EBLKD = 10.000 cyc.

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000 (cyc)
ETDPU = 2.000 cyc.

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000 (cyc)
- Assuming a 3cycles circuit breaker at the remote terminal and 1-cycle channel delay;
EDURD = 4.000 cyc.

- Select : Y, N, SP
EWFC = N
- 93 -
Attachment 2 : Impedance Characteristics of Distance Protection elements and Out-of-step
Protection elements for EL SAUCE S/S 138kV MALPAISILLO Line
- 94 -
6.0 Relay Settings for ESTELI S/S
6.1.1 Configuration
- Range : OFF, 0.2-5000.0 MVA
MVA = 20 MVA

- Select : Y, N
- To remove zero-sequence components on the secondary current
ICOM = Y

W1CT = Y

- Range : 1-50000
-IN = 83.68 A
√
- CT ratio : 100-200 / 1 A
CTR1 = 200

- Select : 0-12
W1CTC = 12
(f) Winding 1 Line-to-Line Voltage (VWDG1)

- Range : 0.20 – 1000.00 kV
VWDG1 = 138.00kV

W2CT = WYE
- 95 -
- Range : 1-10000
-IN = 463.75 A
√ .
- CT ratio : 800-1600 / 5 A
- Selecting 800/5 ratio due to the setting range limit of SEL-451 relay which uses
same CT for winding 2 CT of the relay;
CTR2 = = 160
CTR2 = 160

- Range : 0-12
W2CTC = 12

- Range : 0.20 – 1000.00 kV
VWDG2 = 24.9kV

- Select : Y , N
E87 = Y

- TAP : ∙
√

TAP : 1 0.418
√

- TAP : 1 2.888
√ .
- 96 -

- O87 (0.1 )/
for winding1 : O87 (0.1 1) / 0.42 = 0.238
for winding2 : O87 (0.1 5) / 2.90 = 0.172

and margin
(lower than O87P);

- Range : 1.0 – 120.00 sec.
87AD = 5.0 sec.

- Range : 5 - 90
 Tap changer : 8 1.25% = 10 %
- 1 %= 100 13.6 %
SLP1 = 20 %

- Range : 5 - 90
SLP2 = 70 %
- 97 -
- Range : 1.0 - 20.0 (Restraint current in multiple of tap)
IRS1 = 6.0

- According to the instruction manual 4.12;
U87P = 10

- Range : OFF, 5 - 100
PCT2 = 15%

- Range : OFF, 5 - 100
PCT4 = OFF

- Range : OFF, 5 - 100
PCT5 = 35 %

- Range : OFF, 0.02 - 3.20
TH5P = OFF

- Select : Y, N
- According to the relay manufacturer`s recommendation
HRSTR = Y

- Select : Y, N
HBLK = Y
- 98 -
- Select : Y, N
52AF = N

BFD1 = 0.2 sec
- 99 -
6.2.1 Main
- Range : 1 to 5000
- IN = 83.68
√
- CT ratio : 100 - 200/1 A

CTR = 200

- Range : 1 to 5000
- NCT ratio : 50 - 100/1 A
CTRN = 100

(refer to IEEE 242-2001, 11.9.1.1)
51P1P 1.5 0.627

√
51P1P = 0.63 A

- Select : U1 – U5, C1 – C5
51P1C = C1

- 100 -
.

. .
TD ∙ . TD ∙ . 1.1 .
.
TD 0.215
51P1TD = 0.22

- 51N1P 0.4 0.334

√
51N1P = 0.33 A

- Select : U1 – U5, C1 – C5
51N1C = C1

- Range : 0.05 to 1.00
- 138kV winding neutral current data is not currently available on 138kV bus 1-phase-to-
ground fault, so 20% of 138kV bus ground fault current is assumed tentatively.
.
.

. .
- TD ∙ . TD ∙ . 2.0
.
TD = 0.664
51N1TD = 0.66
data is available.
- 101 -
6.3.1 General Global Settings
(a) Number of Breakers in Scheme (NUMBK)
- Select : 1, 2
- To be able to use Ix for 51N (refer to instruction Manual R.1.61)
NUMBK = 2
6.3.2 Current and Voltage Source Selection

(a) Current and Voltage Source Selection (ESS)
- Select : Y, N, 1, 2
- Set ESS to be able to use IW(LINEI) for 51/50BF and IX(BK2I) for 51N
ESS = Y
(b) Line Current Source (LINEI)

- Select : IW, COMB
LINEI = IW
(c) Alternate Line Current Source (ALINEI)

- Select : IW, NA
ALINEI = NA
(d) Breaker 1 Current Source (BK1I)

- Select : IW, IX, NA
BK1I = IW
(e) Breaker 2 Current Source (BK2I)

- Select : IX, COMB, NA
BK2I = IX

- Range : 1 to 50000
- CT ratio : 800 – 1600/5
- 102 -
IN 463.75
√ .
- To void mismatch with CTRX, select 800/5 ratio

CTRW 160
CTRW = 160
(b) Current Transformer Ratio – Input X (CTRX)

- Range : 1 to 50000
- Neutral CT ratio : 50 – 100/5
- Selecting maximum ratio;
CTRX 20
CTRX = 20

(a) Selectable Inverse Time O/C Element (E51S)
- Select : N, 1 - 6
E51S = 2
(b) Breaker 1 Failure Logic (EBFL1)

- Select : Y, N
EBFL1 = Y
6.3.5 Time Overcurrent

6.3.5.1 Time Overcurrent Element 1 (51)
(a) 51S1 Operating Quantity (51S1O)
- Select : refer to Reference Manual Table 1.49
- Selecting filtered maximum phase line current magnitude;
51S1O = IMAXL
(b) 51S1 Overcurrent Pickup (51S1P)

- Range : 0.25 to 16.00 (A, sec)
- 103 -
51S1P 1.25 3.623
√ .
51S1P = 3.62 A
(c) 51S1 Inverse – Time O/C Curve (51S1C)

- Select : U1 – U5, C1 – C5
51S1C = C1
(d) 51S1 Inverse – Time O/C Time Dial (51S1TD)

- Range : 0.05 to 1.00
- According to ENATREL relay setting criteria, 51P1TD is set to operate
in 0.6 sec on 24.9kV bus 3-phase fault.
- From clause 6.2.2, 490 2715
.
- Multiples of Pickup 4.687

.
. .
- ∙ . ∙ . 0.6
.
TD 0.134
51S1TD = 0.14
6.3.5.2 Time Overcurrent Element 2 (51N)

- Selecting filtered Breaker 2 zero –sequence current (3IO);
51S2O = 3IO2

- Range : 0.25 to 16.00 (A, sec)
- Set to 40% of transformer rated current
51S2P 0.4 9.27

√ .
51S2P = 9.27 A

- Select : U1 – U5, C1 – C5
- 104 -
51S2C = C1

- Range : 0.05 to 1.00
- As 24.9kV winding neutral current on 24.9kV bus 1-phase-to-ground fault is not
available, it is assumed to be 5 times the rated current of the transformer.
- Rated current of transformer 463.7

√ .
.
.
- Operating time is set to 0.6 sec tentatively on this fault.

. .
- ∙ . ∙ . 0.6
.
TD 0.222
51S2TD = 0.23

(a) Phase Fault Current Pickup – BK1 (50FP1)
- Range : 0.5 to 50.00 (A, sec)
- 50% of 3 phase fault current 2715 0.5 8.48
- TR. Full load current ∶ 2.89

√ .
50FP1 = 2.89 A
(b) Breaker Failure Time Delay – BK1 (BFPU1)

- Range : 0.000 to 6000.000 (cyc. in steps of 0.125)
- BFPU1 CB trip time 50FA dropout time safety margin
4 1 6 11 cyc.
BFPU1 = 11 cyc.
(c) Retrip Time Delay – BK1 (RTPU1)

RTPU1 = 5 cyc.
- 105 -
(d) Breaker Failure Initiate Dropout Delay – BK1 (BFIDO1)
- Disable this feature because this application is not a dual circuit breaker scheme.
BFIDO1 = 0.000 cyc.
(e) Breaker Failure Initiate Seal – In Delay – BK1 (BFISP1)

BFISP1 = 0.0 cyc.
(f) No Current/Residual Current Logic – BK1 (ENCBF1)

- Select : Y, N
ENCBF1 = N
(g) Load Current Breaker Failure Logic – BK1 (ELCBF1)

- Select : Y, N
ELCBF1 = N
- 106 -
6.4 ESTELI S/S 138kV SEBACO LINE PROTECTION (SEL-411L)
- Range : 1 to 50000
- CT ratio : 800 / 1600 – 1 A
CTRW = 1600

- Range : 1 to 10000.0
/√
-PT ratio = 1380
/√
PTRY = 1380

- Range : 60 to 300 (V, sec.)
VNOMY = 100 V, sec.

- Range : 1 to 10000.0
/√
-PT ratio = 1380
/√
PTRZ = 1380

- Range : 60 to 300 (V, sec.)
VNOMZ = 100 V,sec

- Range : 0.25 to 1275.00 (ohm, sec)
Z1 4.3279 j20.0419Ω 20.5038∠77.81°Ω
Z1MAG 20.5038 23.7726
Z1MAG = 23.77 Ω
- 107 -
- Range : 5.00 to 90.00 deg.
Z1ANG = 77.81 deg.

- Range : 0.25 to 1275.00 (ohms, sec)
Z0 14.2572 j66.2580Ω 67.7745∠77.85°Ω
Z0MAG 67.7745 78.7592
Z0MAG = 78.76 Ω

- Range : 5.00 to 90.00 deg.
Z0ANG = 77.85 deg

- Select : Y, N
EFLOC = N

- Select : Y, N
E87L = Y

- Select : Y, N
E87LCC = N
(c) Enable Mho Phase Distance Zones (E21MP)

- Select : N, 1 – 5
E21MP = N
(d) Enable Quadrilateral Phase Distance Zones (E21XP)

- Select : N, 1 – 5
E21XP = N
- 108 -
(e) Enable Mho Ground Distance Zones (E21MG)
- Select : N, 1 – 5
E21MG = N
(f) Enable Quadrilateral Ground Distance Zones (E21XG)

- Select : N, 1 – 5
E21XG = N
(g) Enable Switch–Onto–Fault (ESOTF)

- Select : Y, N
ESOTF = N
(h) Enable Out–Of–Step (EOOS)

- Select : Y, Y1, N
EOOS = N
(i) Enable Load Encroachment (ELOAD)

- Select : Y, N
ELOAD = N
(j) Enable CVT Transient Detection (ECVT)

- Select : Y, N
ECVT =N
(k) Enable Phase Instantaneous / Definite-Time O/C Elements (E50P)

- Select : N, 1 - 4
- No fault current on 138kV SEBACO line fault (Z1S = ∞ )
E50P = 0
(l) Enable Residual Ground Instantaneous / Definite – Time O/C Elements (E50G)
- Select : N, 1 - 4
E50G = N
(m) Enable Negative-Sequence Instantaneous / Definite – Time O/C Elements (E50Q)

- Select : N, 1 - 4
E50Q = N
- 109 -
(n) Enable Inverse Time Overcurrent Elements (E51)
- Select : N, 1 - 10
E51 = N
(o) Enable Directional Control (E32)

- Select : Y, AUTO
E32 = AUTO
(p) Enable Communication Scheme (ECOMM)

ECOMM = N
(q) Enable Breaker 1 Failure Logic (EBFL1)

- Select : N, 1, 2
EBFL1 = N
(r) Enable Synchronism Check for Breaker 1 (E25BK1)

- Select : Y, N
E25BK1 = N
(s) Enable Reclosing (E79)

- Select : Y, Y1, N
E79 = Y
(t) Enable Manual Closing (EMANCL)

- Select : Y, N
EMANCL = Y
(u) Enable Loss-Of-Potential (ELOP)

- Select : Y, Y1, N
ELOP = Y1
- 110 -
(v) Enable Advanced Settings (EADVS)
- Select : Y, Y1, N
EADVS = N
(w) Enable Breaker Failure Logic (EBFL1)

- Select : N, 1, 2
EBFL1 = 1

- Select : SELogic
87CTWL = 1

- Select : P, N
87CTPWL = P
- Range : 1 to 50000
87CTP1R = 1600 A

- Range : 1.00 to 10.00

-87LTAPW 1
CTBASE MAX ∙ 87CTP1R, 87CTP2R, 87CTP3R, CTRW ∙ ,

∙

87LINEV = Y
- 111 -
- Range : 0.10 to 2.00 (pu), OFF
- Setting criteria;
 Considering charging current with safety margin of 3, not to operate
87LLP 0.2736A/km 41.97km 3 1600 0.0215 pu
 Considering 50% of minimum internal 3-phase fault current;
87LLP 2180 A 0.5 1/1600 0.681 pu
 Considering full load current for security on CT open condition.
87LLP 730 A 1/1600 0.45 p. u
87LPP = 0.45

- Range : 1.2 to 8.0
87LPR = 6.0

- Range : 90 to 270 (deg.)
87LPA = 195 deg.

- Range : 0.10 to 2.00 (p.u), OFF
for 87LQ operation
- Setting criteria
87LQP 0.0215 pu
 Considering 20% of minimum internal phase-to-phase fault current
87LQP 2180A 0.866 0.2 1/1600 0.235 pu
 Considering 20% of minimum1-phase-to-ground fault current
87LQP 1600A 0.2 1/1600 0.20 pu
- 112 -
87LQP = 0.20 pu

- Range : 1.2 to 8.0
87LQR = 6

- Range : 90 to 270 (deg.)
87LQA = 195 deg.

- Range : 0.10 to 2.00 (pu), OFF
87LGP = 0.20 pu

- Range : 1.20 to 8.0
87LGR = 6

- Range : 90 to 270 (deg.)
87LGA = 195 deg.

- Select : N, 1, 2
NSPSHOT = 2

- Select : N, 1 – 4
N3PSHOT = N
- 113 -
BKCFD = 600 cyc.

3PMRCD = 900 cyc.

BK1CLSD = 300 cyc.

SPOID = 60 cyc.

SPRCD = 900 cyc.

3PRIH = 15 cyc.
- 114 -
- Range : 1 to 99999 (cyc.)
3POID1 = 30 cyc.

- Range : 1 to 99999 (cyc.)
equal to 900 cycles
3PRCD = 900 cyc.

- Select : Y, N
EVCK = Y

- Range : 1.0 to 200.0 (V, sec.)
- 27LP 0.2 11.5
√
27LP = 11.5 V

- Range : 1.0 to 200.0 (V, sec.)
- 59LP 0.8 46.18
√
59LP = 46.2 V

- Range : 1.0 to 200.0 (V, sec.)
27BK1P = 11.5 V

- Range : 1.0 to 200.0 (V, sec.)
59BK1P = 46.2 V
- 115 -
- Range : 0.10 to 10.00 (A, sec)
- As fault current data is not currently available, set to 0.2 A as a default value.
50FP1 = 0.2A.

- Range : 0.000 to 6000.000 (cyc)
3 1 5 9 cycle
BFPU1 = 9.000 cyc.

- Range : 0.000 to 6000.000 (cyc)
RTPU1 = 5.0 cyc.

- Range : 0.000 to 1000.000 (cyc)
- Disable this feature because single breaker system is used
BFIDO1 = 0.0 cyc.

- Range : 0.000 to 1000.000 (cyc)
BFISP1 = 0.0 cyc.

- Select : Y, N
ELCBF1 = N

- Select : Y, N
EFOBF1 = N
- 116 -
6.5 ESTELI S/S 138kV SEBACO LINE PROTECTION (SEL-421)
No settings for SEL-421 relay because no current will flow on this relay on the 138kV SEBACO line
fault.
- 117 -
7.0 Relay Settings for OCOTAL S/S
7.1.1 Configuration
- Range : OFF, 0.2-5000.0 MVA
MVA = 20 MVA

- Select : Y, N
ICOM = Y

W1CT = Y

- Range : 1-50000
-IN = 83.68 A
√
- CT ratio : 100-200 / 1 A
CTR1 = 200

- Select : 0-12
W1CTC = 12

- Range : 0.20 – 1000.00 kV
VWDG1 = 138.00kV

W2CT = WYE
- 118 -
- Range : 1-10000
-IN = 463.75 A
√ .
- CT ratio : 800-1600 / 5 A
- Selecting 800/5 ratio
CTR2 = = 160
CTR2 = 160

- Range : 0-12
W2CTC = 12

- Range : 0.20 – 1000.00 kV
VWDG2 = 24.9 kV

- Select : Y , N
E87 = Y

- TAP : ∙
√

TAP : 1 0.418
√

- TAP : 1 2.888
√ .

- 119 -
- O87 (0.1 )/
for winding1 : O87 (0.1 1) / 0.42 = 0.238
for winding2 : O87 (0.1 5) / 2.90 = 0.172


- Range : 1.0 – 120.00 sec.
87AD = 5.0 sec.

- Range : 5 - 90
 Tap changer : 8 1.25% = 10 %
- 1 % 100 13.6 %
SLP1 = 20 %

- Range : 5 - 90
SLP2 = 70 %

IRS1 = 6.0
- 120 -
U87P = 10

- Range : OFF, 5 - 100
PCT2 = 15%

- Range : OFF, 5 - 100
PCT4 = OFF

- Range : OFF, 5 - 100
PCT5 = 35 %

- Range : OFF, 0.02 - 3.20
TH5P = OFF

- Select : Y, N
HRSTR = Y

- Select : Y, N
HBLK = Y
- 121 -
- Select : Y, N
52ABF = N

BFD1 = 0.2 sec
- 122 -
7.2.1 Main
- Range : 1 to 5000
- IN = 83.68
√
- CT ratio : 100 - 200/1 A

CTR = 200

- Range : 1 to 5000
- NCT ratio : 50 - 100/1 A
CTRN = 100

(refer to IEEE 242-2001, 11.9.1.1)
51P1P 1.5 0.627

√
51P1P = 0.63 A

- Select : U1 – U5, C1 – C5
51P1C = C1

- 123 -
.

. .
TD ∙ . TD ∙ . 1.1 .
.
TD 0.215
51P1TD = 0.19

- 51N1P 0.4 0.334

√
51N1P = 0.33 A

- Select : U1 – U5, C1 – C5
51N1C = C1

- Range : 0.05 to 1.00
- according to the fault current calculation result, 138kV winding neutral current on
138kV bus 1-phase-to-ground fault is 10A 3 30A;
(current value is too low and should be checked)
.

51N1TD = 0.05
- 124 -
8.0 Relay Settings for SAN RAMON S/S
8.1.1 Configuration
- Range : OFF, 0.2-5000.0 MVA
MVA = 20 MVA

- Select : Y, N
ICOM = Y

W1CT = Y

- Range : 1-50000
-IN = 83.68 A
√
- CT ratio : 100-200 / 1 A
CTR1 = 200

- Select : 0-12
W1CTC = 12

- Range : 0.20 – 1000.00 kV
VWDG1 = 138.00 kV

W2CT = WYE
- 125 -
- Range : 1-10000
-IN = 463.75 A
√ .
- CT ratio : 800-1600 / 5 A
- Selecting 800/5 ratio due to the setting range limit of SEL-451 relay which uses
same CT for winding 2 CT of the relay;
CTR2 = = 160
CTR2 = 160

- Range : 0-12
W2CTC = 12

- Range : 0.20 – 1000.00 kV
VWDG2 = 24.9kV

- Select : Y , N
E87 = Y

- TAP : ∙
√

TAP : 1 0.418
√

- TAP : 1 2.888
√ .
- 126 -

- O87 (0.1 )/
for winding1 : O87 (0.1 1) / 0.42 = 0.238
for winding2 : O87 (0.1 5) / 2.90 = 0.172


- Range : 1.0 – 120.00 sec.
87AD = 5.0 sec.

- Range : 5 - 90
 Tap changer : 8 1.25% = 10 %
- 1 %= 100 13.6 %
SLP1 = 20 %

- Range : 5 - 90
SLP2 = 70 %
- 127 -
IRS1 = 6.0

U87P = 10

- Range : OFF, 5 - 100
PCT2 = 15 %

- Range : OFF, 5 - 100
PCT4 = OFF

- Range : OFF, 5 - 100
PCT5 = 35 %

- Range : OFF, 0.02 - 3.20
TH5P = OFF

- Select : Y, N
HRSTR = Y

- Select : Y, N
HBLK = Y
- 128 -
- Select : Y, N
52ABF = N

BFD1 = 0.2 sec
- 129 -
8.2.1 Main
- Range : 1 to 5000
- IN = 83.68
√
- CT ratio : 100 - 200/1 A

CTR = 200

- Range : 1 to 5000
- NCT ratio : 50 - 100/1 A
CTRN = 100

(refer to IEEE 242-2001, 11.9.1.1)
51P1P 1.5 0.627

√
51P1P = 0.63 A

- Select : U1 – U5, C1 – C5
51P1C = C1

- 130 -
.

. .
TD ∙ . TD ∙ . 1.1 .
.
TD 0.218
51P1TD = 0.22

- 51N1P 0.4 0.334

√
51N1P = 0.33 A

- Select : U1 – U5, C1 – C5
51N1C = C1

- Range : 0.05 to 1.00
- 138kV winding neutral current data is not currently available on 138kV bus 1-phase-to-
ground fault, so 20% of 138kV bus ground fault current is assumed tentatively.
.
.

. .
- TD ∙ . TD ∙ . 2.0
.
TD = 0.767
51N1TD = 0.77
data is available.
- 131 -
8.3.1 General Global Settings
(a) Number of Breakers in Scheme (NUMBK)
- Select : 1, 2
- To be able to use Ix for 51N (refer to instruction Manual R.1.61)
NUMBK = 2
8.3.2 Current and Voltage Source Selection

(a) Current and Voltage Source Selection (ESS)
- Select : Y, N, 1, 2
- Set ESS to be able to use IW(LINEI) for 51/50BF and IX(BK2I) for 51N
ESS = Y
(b) Line Current Source (LINEI)

- Select : IW, COMB
LINEI = IW
(c) Alternate Line Current Source (ALINEI)

- Select : IW, NA
ALINEI = NA
(d) Breaker 1 Current Source (BK1I)

- Select : IW, IX, NA
BK1I = IW
(e) Breaker 2 Current Source (BK2I)

- Select : IX, COMB, NA
BK2I = IX
8.3.3 Line configuration

- Range : 1 to 50000
- CT ratio : 800 – 1600/5
- 132 -
IN 463.75
√ .
- To void mismatch with CTRX, select 800/5 ratio

CTRW 160
CTRW = 160
(b) Current Transformer Ratio – Input X (CTRX)

- Range : 1 to 50000
- Neutral CT ratio : 50 – 100/5
- Selecting maximum ratio;
CTRX 20
CTRX = 20

(a) Selectable Inverse Time O/C Element (E51S)
- Select : N, 1 - 6
E51S = 2
(b) Breaker 1 Failure Logic (EBFL1)

- Select : Y, N
EBFL1 = Y
8.3.5 Time Overcurrent

8.3.5.1 Time Overcurrent Element 1 (51)
- Selecting filtered maximum phase line current magnitude;
51S1O = IMAXL

- Range : 0.25 to 16.00 (A, sec)
- 133 -
51S1P 1.25 3.623
√ .
51S1P = 3.62 A

- Select : U1 – U5, C1 – C5
51S1C = C1

- Range : 0.05 to 1.00
- According to ENATREL relay setting eriteria, 51P1TD is set to operate
in 0.6 sec on 24.9kV bus 3-phase fault.
- From clause 6.2.2, 498 2760
.

.
. .
- ∙ . ∙ . 0.6
.
TD 0.136
51S1TD = 0.14
8.3.5.2 Time Overcurrent Element 2 (51N)

- Selecting filtered Breaker 2 zero –sequence current (3IO);
51S2O = 3IO2

- Range : 0.25 to 16.00 (A, sec)
- Set to 40% of transformer rated current
51S2P 0.4 9.27

√ .
51S2P = 9.27 A

- Select : U1 – U5, C1 – C5
- 134 -
51S2C = C1

- Range : 0.05 to 1.00
- As 24.9kV winding neutral current on 24.9kV bus 1-phase-to-ground fault is not
available, it is assumed to be 5 times the rated current of the transformer.
- Rated current of transformer 463.7

√ .
.
.
- Operating time is set to 0.6 sec tentatively on this fault.

. .
- ∙ . ∙ . 0.6
.
TD 0.222
51S2TD = 0.23
*51S2TD Setting should be checked when 24.9kV bus 1-phase-to-ground fault

current is available.

(a) Phase Fault Current Pickup – BK1 (50FP1)
- Range : 0.5 to 50.00 (A, sec)
- 50% of 3 phase fault current 2765 0.5 8.625
- TR. Full load current ∶ 2.89

√ .
50FP1 = 2.89 A
(b) Breaker Failure Time Delay – BK1 (BFPU1)

- BFPU1 CB trip time 50FA dropout time safety margin
4 1 6 11 cyc.
BFPU1 = 11 cyc.
(c) Retrip Time Delay – BK1 (RTPU1)

- 135 -
RTPU1 = 5 cyc.
(d) Breaker Failure Initiate Dropout Delay – BK1 (BFIDO1)

- Disable this feature because this application is not a dual circuit breaker scheme.
BFIDO1 = 0.000 cyc.
(e) Breaker Failure Initiate Seal – In Delay – BK1 (BFISP1)

BFISP1 = 0.0 cyc.
(f) No Current/Residual Current Logic – BK1 (ENCBF1)

- Select : Y, N
ENCBF1 = N
(g) Load Current Breaker Failure Logic – BK1 (ELCBF1)

- Select : Y, N
ELCBF1 = N
- 136 -
9.0 Relay settings for YALAGUINA S/S
9.1 YALAGUINA S/S 138kV OCOTAL LINE PROTECTION (SEL-421)
9.1 Line Configuration
- Range : 1 to 50000
- CT ratio : 800 / 1600 – 1 A
CTRW = 1600

- Range : 1 to 10000.0
/√
-PT ratio = 1380
/√
PTRY = 1380

- Range : 60 to 300 (V, sec.)
VNOMY = 100 V, sec.

- Range : 1 to 10000.0
/√
-PT ratio = 1380
/√
PTRZ = 1380

- Range : 60 to 300 (V, sec)
VNOMZ = 100 V,sec

- Range : 0.25 to 1275.00 (ohm, sec)
Z1 2.4595 j10.3277Ω 10.6165∠76.60Ω
Z1MAG 10.6165 12.3090
- 137 -
Z1MAG = 12.31 Ω

- Range : 5.00 to 90.00 deg.
Z1ANG = 76.60 deg.

- Range : 0.25 to 1275.00 (ohms, sec)
Z0 6.8145 j28.8139Ω 29.6087 ∠76.69Ω
Z0MAG 29.6087 34.3289
Z0MAG = 34.33 Ω

- Range : 5.00 to 90.00 deg.
Z0ANG = 77.69 deg.

- Select : Y, N
EFLOC = Y

- Range : 0.1 to 999.00
LL = 21.40 (km)

- Select : N, 1 – 5
E21XP = 3

- Select : N, 1 – 5
E21XG = 3
- 138 -
- Select : Y, N
ECDTD = Y

- Select : Y, N
ESOTF = Y

- Select : Y, Y1, N
EOOS = N

- Select : Y, N
ELOAD = N

- Select : Y, N
| | .
- SIR |
7.06 5
. ∙| . .
ECVT = Y

- Select : N, 1 - 4
- For SOTF protection
E50P = 1
- Select : N, 1 - 4
E50G = N

- Select : N, 1 - 4
E50Q = N
- 139 -
- Select : Y, AUTO
E32 = AUTO

ECOMM = N

- Select : N, 1, 2
EBFL1 = 1

- Select : Y, N
E25BK1 = N

- Select : Y, Y1, N
E79 = Y

- Select : Y, N
EMANCL = N

- Select : Y, Y1, N
ELOP = Y

- Select : Y, Y1, N
EADVS = N
- 140 -
- XP1 12.31 0.85 10.4635
XP1 = 10.46

- Range : 0.25 to 250.00 (ohms, sec)
RP1 = 20.82

- Considering 120% impedance of protected line
10.6165 1.2 12.7398 Ω primary
- Penetration rate check :
.
- %Z 100% 100% 9.260% : acceptable
. .
XP2 12.7398 14.770 Ω
XP2 = 14.77

- Range : 0.25 to 320.00 (ohms, sec)
.
RP2 RP1 20.82 29.4051
.
RP2 = 29.41

- Range : 0.25 to 320.00 (ohms, sec)
- according to the ENATREL relay setting criteria.
- Z3 X3 , 110%
- Z3 1.1 10.6165 126.960 150.13Ω
- 141 -
XP3 = 150.13

- Range : 0.25 to 250.00 (ohms, sec)
RP3 1.2 29.41 35.292
RP3 = 35.29

- Select : Y, N
ARESE = Y

- Range : 0.25 to 320 (Ω, sec
XG1 12.31 0.85 10.4635
XG1 = 10.46

- Range : 0.25 to 250 (Ω, sec .
m 1
| |∙
where :
R = RG1
- 142 -
| | j10.3277 j11.9741 j13.8830
0.85 1 , R =41.649 Ω
.

RG1 0.5 41.649Ω 20.824
RG1=20.82

- Range : 0.25 to 320.00 (Ω, sec
XG2 = 14.77

- Range : 0.25 to 250.00 (Ω, sec
RG2=29.41

- Range : 0.25 to 320.0 (Ω, sec
XG3 = 150.13

- Range : 0.25 to 320.00 (Ω, sec
RG3 1.25 68.82 86.025
RG3= 51.35

- Range : 0.000 to 10.000, AUTO
KOM1 = AUTO
- 143 -
- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000(cyc), OFF
Z1D =0.000 cyc

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000(cyc), OFF
Z2D 0.3 sec 60 18 cyc
Z2D = 18 cycle

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000(cyc)
Z3D 1.3 60 78 cyc
Z3D = 78.000 cyc

ESPSTF = Y

- Select : Y, N
EVRST = Y

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000 (cyc), OFF
- 144 -
52AEND = 10.000 cyc

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000 (cyc), OFF
CLOEND = OFF

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000 (cyc)
SOTFD = 10.000 cyc

- Range : 0.60 to 1.00 (pu)
VRSTPU = 0.80 pu
9.1.8 Phase Instantaneous/Definite-Time Overcurrent (To initiate SOTF trip)

- Range : 0.05 to 20.00 (A, sec), OFF
- Set to 50 percent of the fault current for OCOTAL S/S 138kV bus fault.
- Considering;
3phase fault : 1180A 0.5 0.368A
1-phase fault : 790A 0.5 0.246A
Full load current 20MVA TR : 0.052

√
50P1P = 0.24A

- Range : 0.000 to 16000.000 (cyc)
67P1D = 0.000 cyc
- 145 -
- Range : SELogic
67P1TC = 1

- Select : F, R
DIR3 = F

- Select : Q, V, I “Any combination of Q, V, and I “
ORDER = QV

- Select : 52, V
EPO = 52

- Range : 0.000 to 60.000 (cyc)
SPOD = 0.5 cyc

- Range : 0.000 to 60.000 (cyc)
3POD = 0.5 cyc

- Range : 0.10 to 10.00 (A, sec)
- 50% of remote bus 3 phase fault current 0.5 0.368
- 50% of remote bus 1 phase fault current 0.5 0.243

- 146 -
50FP1 = 0.24 A

- Range : 0.000 to 6000.000 (cyc)
3 1 5 9 cycle
BFPU1 = 9.000 cyc.

- Range : 0.000 to 6000.000 (cyc)
RTPU1 = 5 cyc.

- Range : 0.000 to 1000.000 (cyc)
- Disable this feature because this application is a dual circuit breaker scheme.
BFIDO1 = 0.000 cyc.

- Range : 0.000 to 1000.000 (cyc)
BFISP1 = 0.000 cyc.

- Select : Y, N
ELCBF1 = N

- Select : Y, N
EFOBF1 = N

- Select : N, 1, 2
NSPSHOT = 2
- 147 -
- Select : N, 1 – 4
N3PSHOT = N

BKCFD = 600 cyc.

3PMRCD = 900 cyc.

BK1CLSD = 300 cyc.

SPOID = 60 cyc.

- Set the reclaim timefollowing a single-pole auto-reclose
SPRCD = 900 cyc.
- 148 -
3PRIH = 15 cyc.

- Range : 1 to 99999 (cyc.)
3POID1 = 30 cyc.

- Range : 1 to 99999 (cyc.)
equal to 900 cycles
3PRCD = 900 cyc.

- Select : Y, N
EVCK = Y

- Range : 1.0 to 200.0 (V, sec.)
- 27LP 0.2 11.5
√
27LP = 11.5 V

- Range : 1.0 to 200.0 (V, sec.)
-59LP 0.8 46.18
√
59LP = 46.2 V

- Range : 1.0 to 200.0 (V, sec.)
27BK1P = 11.5 V
- 149 -
- Range : 1.0 to 200.0 (V, sec.)
59BK1P = 46.2 V
- 150 -
9.2 YALAGUINA S/S 138kV OCOTAL LINE PROTECTION (SEL-351A)
9.2.1 General settings
(a) Phase (IA, IB, IC) CT Ratio (CTR)
- Range : 1 to 6000
- CT ratio : 800 / 1600 – 1 A
CTR = 1600
(b) Phase (VA, VB, VC) PT Ratio (PTR)

- Range : 1.00 to 10000.00
-PT ratio ∶
√ √
PTR = 1380
(c) Phase Nominal Voltage L-N (VNOM)

- Range : 25.00 to 300.00 (V, sec)
57.736
√
VNOM = 57.74V
9.2.2 Line settings and Fault Locator

(a) Pos-seg Line Impedance Mag. (Z1MAG)
- Range : 0.50 to 2550.00 (Ohms, sec.)
Z1MAG = 12.31
(b) Pos-seg Line Impedance Angle (Z1ANG)

- Range : 5.00 to 90.00 (Ohms, sec.)
Z1ANG = 76.60 deg.
(c) Zero-seg Line Impedance Mag. (Z0MAG)

- Range : 0.50 to 2550.00 (Ohms, sec.)
Z0MAG = 34.33
(d) Zero-seg Line Impedance Angle (Z0ANG)

- Range : 5.00 to 90.00 (Ohms, sec.)
- 151 -
Z0ANG = 77.69 deg.
(e) Line Length (LL)

- Range : 0.10 to 999.00 (Ohms, sec.)
LL = 21.40
(e) Fault Location (EFLOC)

- Select : Y, N
EFLOC = Y
9.2.3 Phase Time – Overcurrent Elements (51)

(a) Phase (E51P)
- Range : N, 1, 2
E51P = 1
(b) Pickup (51PP)

- Range : 0.05 to 3.20 (A, sec.), OFF
- Considering 150% of OCOTAL S/S 15/20 MVA TR rated current;
1.5 0.078
√
- Considering current capacity of 138kV OCOTAL Time

730A 0.456
51PP = 0.08A
(c) Curve (51PC)

- Select : U1 - U5, C1 - C5
51PC = C1
(d) Time Dial (51PTD)

- Range : 0.05 to 1.00
- Appling ANATREL relay setting criteria; 51PTD is set to operate in 1.5 sec.
on OCOTAL S/S 24.9kV bus 3-phase fault.
Multuples of pickup ∶ 3.20
.
.
∙ . 1.5
.
- 152 -
TD = 0.252
51PTD = 0.26
9.2.4 Residual Ground Time – Overcurrent Elements (51G)

(a) Residual Ground (E51G)
- Select : N, 1, 2
E51G = 1
(b) Pickup (51GP)

- Range : 0.02 to 3.20 (A, sec.), OFF
- Considering 40% of OCOTAL S/S 15/20MVA TR. Rated current ;
0.4 0.0209
√
51GP = 0.02 A
(c) Curve (51GC)

- Select : U1 - U5, C1 - C5
51GC = C1
(d) Time Dial (51GTD)

- Range : 0.05 to 1.00
- As fault current data on OCOTAL S/S 24.9kV bus 1-phase-to-ground fault
is not available, set 51GT tentatively to operate in 0.5 sec on OCOTAL S/S
138kV bus 1-phase fault

Multuples of pickup ∶ 24.37
.
. .
∙ . ∙ . 0.5
.
TD = 0.225
51GTD = 0.23
- 153 -

NIE-OA-19-001 - Relay Setting Calculation - (FC REV.0) PDF

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FOR CONSTRUCTIN

0 May. 04, 2016 FOR CONSTRUCTION T.W.Oh J.I.Kim S.H.Ko

T.W.Oh May. 04, 2016

S.H.Ko May. 04, 2016 NIE-OA-19-001 0

2.0 Protective Relay List...............................................................................................2

4.0 Minimum Coordination Time..................................................................................5

5.0 Relay settings for EL SAUCE S/S...........................................................................6

5.2 138/24.9kV TR. Protection (SEL-751A).......................................................................11

5.3 EL SAUCE S/S 138kV CARLOS FONSECA LINE PROTECTION (SEL-411L)...............13

5.4 EL SAUCE S/S 138kV CARLOS FONSECA LINE PROTECTION (SEL-421).................37

5.5 EL SAUCE S/S 138kV MALPAISILLO LINE PROTECTION (SEL-411L)......................54

5.6 EL SAUCE S/S 138kV MALPAISILLO LINE PROTECTION (SEL-421)........................78

6.0 Relay settings for ESTELI S/S..............................................................................95

6.2 138/24.9kV TR. Protection (SEL-751A)......................................................................100

6.3 138/24.9kV TR. Protection (SEL-451)........................................................................102

6.4 ESTELI S/S 138kV SEBACO LINE PROTECTION (SEL-411L)...................................107

6.5 ESTELI S/S 138kV SEBACO LINE PROTECTION (SEL-421).....................................117

7.0 Relay settings for OCOTAL S/S.........................................................................118

7.2 138/24.9kV TR. Protection (SEL-751A)......................................................................123

8.2 138/24.9kV TR. Protection (SEL-751A)......................................................................130

8.3 138/24.9kV TR. Protection (SEL-451)........................................................................132

9.0 Relay settings for YALAGUINA S/S.................................................................137

9.2 YALAGUINA S/S 138kV OCOTAL LINE PROTECTION (SEL-351A).........................151

SEL-787 87T , 50BF

87L, 21/21N, 79(1pole),

138kVCARLOS SEL-411L Same as above

2.2 ESTELI S/S

SEL-787 87T , 50BF

SEL-451 51, 51N, 50BF

87L, 79(1pole), 67/67N,

SEL-787 87T, 50BF

2.4 SAN RAMON S/S

SEL-787 87T, 50BF

SEL-451 51, 51N, 50BF

2.5 YALAGUINA S/S

3.2 IEEE BUFF BOOK Std 242-2001:

3.3 ANSI/IEEE C37.91 – 2000

IEEE Guide for Protective Relay Applications to Power Transformers

T margin : Coordination Time Margin

T : Breaker operating time (taken as 83ms)

T : Lockout relay operating time (taken as 15ms)

T margin = 83 + 15 + 100 + 117 = 315ms

(b) Define Internal CT comm. Compensation (ICOM)

(c) Winding 1 CT Connection (W1CT)

(d) Winding 1 Phase CT Ratio (CTR1)

(e) Winding 1 CT Connection Compensation (W1CTC)

(f) Winding 1Line-to-Line Voltage (VWDG1)

(g) Winding 2 CT Connection (W2CT)

(i) Winding 2 CT Conn. Compensation (W2CTC)

(j) Winding 2 Line-to-Line Voltage (VWDG2)

5.1.2 Transformer Differential Elements

(b) Winding 1 Current Tap (TAP1)

Where C = 1 for wye CTs

TAP1 = Auto. (0.42A)

(c) Winding 2 Current Tap (TAP2)

TAP2 = Auto. (2.90A)

(e) Differential Current Alarm PU (87AP)

(f) Differential Current Alarm Delay (87AD)

(g) Restraint Slope 1 Percentage (SLP1)

(h) Restraint Slope 2 Percentage (SLP2)

(i) Restraint current Slope 1 limit (IRS1)

(k) Second-Harmonic Blocking Percentage (PCT2)

(l) Fourth-Harmonic Blocking Percentage (PCT4)