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Basics of Energy
What is Energy?
1. The energy is defined as the strength and vitality required for
sustained physical or mental activity.
3. The energy can also be defined as the power derived from the
utilisation of physical or chemical resources, especially to provide
light and heat or to work machines.
• A related unit is the Watt, which is a unit of power (energy per unit time). Power units can
be converted to energy units through multiplication by seconds [s], hours, [h], or years [yr].
• For example, 1 kWh [kilowatt hour] = 3.6 MJ [MegaJoule]. With 1 kWh, about 10 liters of
water can be heated from 20 ºC to the boiling point.
• There are many other energy units besides the International units "SI". A "ton of coal
equivalent" (tce) is frequently used in the energy business. 1 tce equals 8.141 MWh. It
means that the combustion of 1 kg of coal produces the same amount of heat as electrical
heating for one hour at a rate of 8.141 kW.
1. The Maslow Hierarchy of Needs
Abraham Maslow, a renowned psychologist developed the theory of
Hierarchy of Needs in the 1940’s. Maslow studied what he called
exemplary people such as Albert Einstein, Eleanor Roosevelt and
Frederick Douglass, along with the healthiest one percent of his college
student population, to postulate this theory. His theory basically shed
light as to how people are motivated and also, why some struggle with
motivation, while others excel in certain conditions and situations.
Now, more than sixty years later, Maslow Hierarchy of Needs is still
used in Human Resource Management across businesses around the
world. It help to understand:
1. Physiological Needs
These include the most basic needs that are vital to survival, such as the need
for water, air, food, and sleep.
• Maslow believed that these needs are the most basic and instinctive needs in the
hierarchy because all other needs become secondary until these physiological
needs are not met.
• We've all heard the saying 'breakfast is the most important meal of the day'; one
of the primary reasons for this belief is that having breakfast gets our minds
and bodies moving and provides fuel for our day. If you were to begin your
day at 8:00 AM, but did not have the opportunity to eat breakfast and would
not have the opportunity to eat until after 4:00 PM, your need for food would
not be met, which might cause you to lose focus or not fully engage in the
tasks you need to complete for the day. Being able to fulfil your physiological
needs for food helps provide the foundation for further development in life.
Maslow’s Hierarchy Needs - Five levels
• When we make decisions about our lives, we try our best to ensure
our own safety. We purchase insurances, such as health and car, to
protect ourselves. We do these things to increase our sense of safety
and security and make us feel more comfortable, which is what
Abraham Maslow depicts in the second stage of the hierarchy of
needs.
Maslow’s Hierarchy Needs - Five levels
3. Belongingness (Social) Needs
These include needs for belonging, love, and affection.
Maslow considered these needs to be less basic than
physiological and security needs. Relationships such as
friendships, romantic attachments, etc. Families help fulfils
this need for companionship and acceptance, as does
involvement in social, community, or religious groups.
Maslow’s Hierarchy Needs - Five levels
4. Esteem Needs
After the first three levels of needs have been satisfied, esteem needs
becomes increasingly important. These include the need for things that
reflect on self-esteem, personal worth, social recognition,
accomplishment.
• Many ambitious people can not perform or produce good work if their
interpersonal relations, either social or interpersonal are unsatisfactory.
Maslow’s Hierarchy Needs - Five levels
5 Self-actualizing Needs
• This is the highest level of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs.This
need opens up to understanding yourself as a person, answering
questions as to what are you all about? What potential do you
have?
• It can be defined as the psychological process aimed at
maximising the use of a person’s abilities and resources. This
process may vary from one person to another. In other words, for
our purposes, self-actualisation can be thought of as the full
realisation of one’s creative, intellectual, or social potential.
• Self-Actualised people are self-aware, concerned with only
personal growth, less concerned with the opinions of others, and
interested in fulfilling their potential.
• It must be noted that not everyone achieves this level of success.
In fact very few people do it!
Maslow’s Hierarchy Needs - Five levels
• As we become more familiar with the five levels, it is easy to
see how a large part of our society is stuck in the first 4 phases
– food, survival, sex, power and position.
• However, the philosophy details a method of empowering the
people towards the journey of self-discovery and self-
actualisation.
Applications of Maslow’s Hierarchy
of
Energy Needs
Application of Maslow’s Hierarchy Needs
• Human resource management is a multidisciplinary organisational
function that draws theories and ideas from various fields such as
management, psychology, sociology, etc. Aimed at developing
people human resource management includes administrative
activities that are associated with planning, recruitment, selection,
orientation, training, appraisal motivation and remuneration.