1. Diagram 1.1 shows a pingpong ball coated with metal paint oscillates between two metal plates.

The metal plates are connected to an Extra High Tension, EHT supply which produce a strong
electric field between plates when the switch is on.
Diagram 1.2 shows the pingpong ball oscillates between two metal plates when the voltage is
increased.
Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan sebiji bola pingpong yang disalut dengan cat logam berayun antara
dua plat logam. Plat logam itu disambung kepada sebuah bekalan Voltan Lampau Tinggi, VLT
yang menghasil sautu medan elektrik yang kuat antara plat apabila suis dihidupkan.
Rajah 1.2 menunjukkan bola pingpong itu berayun antara dua plat logam apabila voltan
ditambahkan.

Diagram 1.1 Diagram 1.2

Rajah 1.1 Rajah 1.2

(a) What is the meaning of electric field?

Apakah maksud medan elektrik?
...............................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark/ markah]
(b) Observe diagram 1.1 and diagram 1.2
Perhatiankan rajah 1.1 dan diagram 1.2

(i) Compare the EHT voltage.

Bandingkan voltan VLT.
....................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark/ markah]
(ii) Compare the strength of electric field.
Bandingkan kekuatan medan elektrik.
....................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark/ markah]
(iii) Compare the oscillation velocity of pingpong ball.
Bandingkan halaju ayunan bola pingpong.
....................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark/ markah]
(iv) State the relationship between the EHT voltage and the strength of electric field.
Nyatakan hubungan di antara voltan VLT dengan kekuatan medan elektrik.
....................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark/ markah]
 (v) Relate the strength of electric field with oscillation velocity.
Hubungkaitkan kekuatan medan elektrik.
....................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark/ markah]
(c) What will happen to the velocity of the pingpong ball if the distance between two metal
plate is decreases. Give one reason for your answer.
Apakah yang berlaku kepada halaju bola pingpong jika jarak di antara dua plat
bertambah. Nyatakan satu sebab bagi jawapan anda.
..............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
[ 2 mark/ markah]

2. Diagram 2.1 shows a polystyrene ball that coated with metallic paint is hung in an electric field
between two metal plates.
Rajah 2.1 menunjukkan sebiji bola polisterin yang disalut dengan cat logam digantung dalam
suatu medan elektrik di antara dua plat logam.
Polisterine ball coated
with metallic paint
Bola polisterin Nylon thread
bersalut logam Benang nilon

Insulator rod
Penebat

Metal plate
Plat logam

+ _

High voltage supply

Voltan lampau tinggi

Diagram 2.1
Rajah 2.1

(a) (i) What is the meaning of electric current?

Apakah maksud arus elektrik?
.....................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark/ markah]
(ii) State the change on the strength of the magnetic field when the potential difference
of the high voltage supply decreases.
Nyatakan perubahan ke atas kekuatan medan magnet bila beza keupayaan bekalan
voltan lampau tinggi berkurang.
.....................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark/ markah]
(b) The polystyrene ball then is touched to the positive plate.
Bola polisterin itu kemudian dibawa menyentuh plat positif.

(i) State the type of charge received by the polystyrene ball.

Nyatakan jenis cas yang diterima oleh bola polisterin itu.
....................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark/ markah]

(ii) What happen to the polystyrene ball when it is released from positive plate?
Apakah berlaku kepada bola polisterin itu bila ia lepaskan dari plat positif?
....................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark/ markah]

(c) (i) The polystyrene ball in diagram 2.1 is replaces by a burning candle. On diagram
2.2, draw the shape of the candle flame observed in the electric field.
Bola polisterin dalam rajah 2.1 itu digantikan dengan sebatang lilin yang menyala.
Pada rajah 2.2, lukiskan bentuk nyalaan lilin yang diperhatikan dalam medan
elektrik itu.

Diagram 2.2
Rajah 2.2

(ii) Explain why the shape of the candle flame observed as drawn in answer (c)(i).
Terangkan mengapa bentuk nyalaan lilin yang diperhatikan adalah seperti yang
dilukis dalam jawapan (c)(i).
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
[ 2 mark/ markah]
3. Diagram 3 shows simple circuit for an electric hair dryer.
Rajah 3 menunjukkan litar ringkas bagi sebuah pengering rambut.

Diagram 3
Rajah 3

(a) State one characteristic of this heating element.

Nyatakan satu sifat elemen pemanas.
...............................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark/ markah]

(b) Write the change of energy in the heating element when the switch is on.
Tuliskan perubahan tenaga yang berlaku pada elemen pemanas apabila suis dibuka.
...............................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark/ markah]

(c) The power rating specification of a hair dryer is 240 V, 1.2 kW.
Spesifikasi kadar kuasa dalam suatu pengering rambut ialah 240 V, 1.2 kW.
Calculate,
Hitung,

(i) Resistance of the heating element

Rintangan elemen pemanas

[ 2 marks/ markah]
(ii) Current flows in the heating element
Arus yang mengalir dalam elemen pemanas

[ 2 marks/ markah]
4. Diagram 4 shows an electric kettle with specification of 240V, 1.8 kW.
Rajah 4 menunjukkan cerek elektrik dengan spesikasi 240V, 1,8 kW.

Heating element
Elemen pemanas
Diagram 4
Rajah 4

(a) What is meant by the label 240V, 1.5kW?

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan label 240V, 1.5kW?
...............................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark/ markah]
(b) Calculate
Hitungkan
(i) The current flowing through the electric kettle.
Arus yang mengalir melalui cerek elektrik itu.

[ 2 marks/ markah]
(ii) The resistance of the heating element in the kettle
Rintangan elemen pemanas dalam cerek elektrik itu.

[ 2 marks/ markah]
5. Diagram 5.1 shows a circuit consisting of 3 identical resistors K,L,M and two measuring
instruments R and S.
Rajah 5.1 menunjukkan satu litar yang mengandungi 3 perintang yang serupa K,L,M, dan alat
pengukur R dan S.

Diagram 5.1
Rajah 5.1

(a) Name the measuring instruments,

Namakan alat-alat pengukur,

(i) M :...............................................................................

(ii) N :...............................................................................
[ 2 marks/ markah]

(b) When an identical resistor is connected parallel to resistor X, what happens to the reading
of M and N?
Apabila satu lagi perintang yang serupa disambung selari kepada perintang X, apakah
berlaku kepada bacaan M dan N?

(i) M :...............................................................................

(ii) N :...............................................................................
[ 2 marks/ markah]

(c) Give the reasons for your answer in (b)(i) and (b)(ii).
Berikan sebab-sebab bagi jawapan anda dalam (b)(i) dan (b)(ii).

(i) Reason for (b)(i) :....................................................................................................

Sebab bagi (b)(i) .....................................................................................................
[ 2 marks/ markah]

(ii) Reason for (b)(ii) :....................................................................................................

Sebab bagi(b)(ii) .....................................................................................................
[ 2 marks/ markah]
 (d) The resistors X,Y and Z are replaced by thrree identical bulb J, K and L as shown in
diagram 5.2.
Perintang-perintang X, Y dan Z kemudian diganti dengan tiga mentol yang serupa J, K
dan L seperti dalam rajah 5.2

Diagram 5.2
Rajah 5.2

(i) Compare the brightness between the bulb

Bandingkan kecerahan di antara mentol-mentol
J and K :.......................................................................................................................
J dan K
[ 1 mark/ markah]

K and L :.......................................................................................................................
K dan L
[ 1 mark/ markah]
Ω

6. Diagram 6 shows a 12 V battery connected to a number of resistors.

Rajah 6 menunjukkan bateri 12 V disambungkan pada beberapa perintang.

Diagram 6
Rajah 6
(a) State the type of circuit connection for combined resistance of
Nyatakan jenis sambungan litar bagi gabungan perintang

(i) The two 5 Ω resistors :...........................................................................................

Dua perintang 5 Ω

(ii) The two 4 Ω resistors :...........................................................................................

Dua perintang 4 Ω
[ 2 marks/ markah]

(b) Calculate the current in the 6 Ω resistor.

Hitung arus pada perintang 6 Ω.

[ 2 marks/ markah]

(c) The total current in the two 5 Ω resistors is 6 A. Calculate the total power dissipated in
the resistors.
Jumlah arus di dalam dua perintang 5 Ω adalah 6 A. Hitung jumlah kehilangan kuasa
di dalam perintang tersebut.

[ 2 marks/ markah]

(d) The 5 Ω resistor is made from a length of resistance wire of uniform cross-sectional area.
State the effect on the resistance of the wire if the same length of the same material with a
smaller cross-sectional area is used?
Perintang 5 Ω dibentuk daripada rintangan wayar yang mempunyai panjang serta luas
keratan rentas yang seragam. Nyatakan kesan pada rintangan wayar jika panjang dan
bahan yang sama digunakan manakala luas keratan rentas yang lebih kecil digunakan?
...........................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark/ markah]
7. Diagram 7.1 and 7.2 shows four identical bulbs, W, X, Y and Z connected to a battery.
Rajah 7.1 dan 7.2 menunjukkan empat mentol, W, X, Y dan Z yang serupa disambungkan
kepada sebiji bateri.

6V
6V

X Y
V W

Diagram 7.1 Diagram 7.2

Rajah 7.1 Rajah 7.2

(a) States Ohm’s Law?

Nyatakan Hukum Ohm?
................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark/ markah]

(b) Observe diagram 7.1 and diagram 7.2. Compare the brightness of the bulbs.
Perhatikan rajah 7.1 dan rajah 7.2. Bandingkan kecerahan mentol tersebut.

(i) V and W :..............................................................................................................

V dan W ...............................................................................................................

[ 1 mark/ markah]
(ii) Y and Z :..............................................................................................................
Y dan Z ..............................................................................................................
[ 1 mark/ markah]

(iii) V and X :..............................................................................................................

V dan X ...............................................................................................................
[ 1 mark/ markah]
(c) Four identical resistor, 5 Ω, were connected to 12 V battery. Two measuring instruments,
P and Q were connected as shown in Diagram 7.3.
Empat perintang yang serupa 5 Ω disambungkan ke bateri 12 V. Alat pengukuran P dan
Q disambungkan seperti dalam Rajah 7.3.

Diagram 7.3
Rajah 7.3

(i) Name the function of suitable instrument for P and Q.

Namakan fungsi bagi alat yang sesuai bagi P dan Q.

P :................................................................................................................................

Q :................................................................................................................................
[ 2 marks/ markah]
(ii) Calculate the reading of Q.
Hitung bacaan alat Q.

[ 2 marks/ markah]
8. Diagram 8.1 and diagram 8.2 show circuits used to investigate the relationship between
resistance and cross sectional area of a wire. Constantan wire of s.w.g. 36 and s.w.g. 24 with
same length are used.
Rajah 8.1 dan rajah 8.2 menunjukkan litar yang digunakan untuk menyiasat hubungan antara
rintangan dan luas keratan rentas dawai. Dawai konstantan s.w.g. 36 dan s.w.g. 24 dengan
panjang yang sama digunakan.

Ammeter Ammeter
Ammeter Ammeter
Constantan wire Constantan wire
Rheostat Rheostat s.w.g. 24
Reostat
s.w.g. 36 Reostat
Dawai konstantan Dawai konstantan
s.w.g.36 s.w.g.24

0 0
Voltmeter Voltmeter
Voltmeter
Voltmeter

Diagram 8.1 Diagram 8.1

Rajah 8.1 Rajah 8.1

(a) What is the meaning of resistance?

Apakah maksud rintangan?
..............................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark/ markah]

(b) Using diagram 8.1and diagram 8.2,

Dengan menggunakan rajah 8.1 dan rajah 8.2,

(i) Compare the cross sectional area of the constantan wires.

Bandingkan luas keratan rentas dawai konstantan.
....................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark/ markah]

(ii) Compare the potential difference across the constantan wires.

Bandingkan beza keupayaan melalui dawai konstantan.
.....................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark/ markah]

(iii) Compare the magnitude of the current that flow along the constantan wires.
Bandingkan magnitud arus yang mengalir melalui dawai-dawai konstantan
tersebut.
....................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark/ markah]

(c) Using your answers in (b);

Dengan menggunakan jawapan anda dalam (b);

(i) Compare the resistance of the constantan wires.

Bandingkan rintangan dawai konstantan.
....................................................................................................................................
 [ 1 mark/ markah]

(ii) Relate the cross sectional area of constantan wire to the resistance of the wire.
Hubungkait luas keratan rentas dawai konstantan dengan rintangan dawai.
....................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark/ markah]

(d) What will happen to the reading of voltmeter when another constantan wire s.w.g. 36 of
the same length is connected series to the wire in circuit diagram 8.1?
Explain your answer.
Apakah yang berlaku kepada bacaan voltmeter apabila dawai konstantan s.w.g 36 yang
sama panjang dipasang sesiri dengan dawai dalam litar rajah 8.1?
Jelaskan jawapan anda.
................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
[ 2 marks/ markah]

9. Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2 show circuits consists of three identical bulbs arranged in two
different ways. Each bulb has a resistance of 2 Ω.
Rajah 9.1 dan Rajah 9.2 menunjukkan dua litar yang mengandungi tiga mentol yang sama jenis
disusun dalam dua cara yang berbeza. Setiap mentol
mempunyai rintangan 4 Ω.
A

Diagram 9.1 Diagram 9.2

Rajah 9.1 Rajah 9.2

(a) Name the circuit arrangement in Diagram 9.2

Namakan susunan litar pada Rajah 9.2
...............................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark/ markah]
(b) (i) Calculate the effective resistance in each diagram.
Kira rintangan berkesan bagi setiap rajah.
 [ 3 marks/ markah]

(ii) State which circuit will produce greater brightness of the bulb.
Nyatakan litar manakah akan menghasilkan kecerahan mentol yang lebih cerah.
....................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark/ markah]

(iii) Give two reasons for your answer in (b)(ii).

Beri dua sebab untuk jawapan anda dalam (b)(ii).
......................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
[ 2 marks/ markah]

(c) Diagram 9.3 shows an illuminating torch light.

Rajah 9.3 menunjukkan sebuah lampu suluh yang mengeluarkan cahaya.

Diagram 9.3
Rajah 9.3

It is found that the torch light is not bright enough even when new cells are used. A
modification is required to make it light brighter.
Cahaya daripada lampu suluh ini tidak cukup terang walaupun bateri yang baru
digunakan. Satu pengubahsuaian diperlukan untuk menjadikannya bercahaya lebih
terang.
Suggest the modification that needs to be done through these aspects:
Cadangkan pengubahsuaian yang perlu dibuat melalui aspek-aspek berikut:

(i) Number of cells :..............................................................................................

Bilangan bateri

Reason :..............................................................................................
Sebab
[ 2 marks/ markah]

(ii) The way the cells are arranged :..........................................................................

Cara susunan bateri

Reason :..............................................................................................
Sebab
[ 2 marks/ markah]
10. Diagram 10.1 shows a circuit that consists of two batteries, 1.5 V each and two identical
resistors, R. The ammeter reading is 3.0 A.
Rajah 10.1 menunjukkan satu litar yang terdiri daripada dua bateri, 1.5 V setiap satu dan dua
perintang, R yang serupa. Bacaan ammeter ialah 3.0 A.
3V

R R

P Q

Diagram 10.1
Rajah 10.1

(a) Complete the sentence below by ticking (√) in the correct box.
Lengkapkan ayat di bawah dengan menandakan (√) dalam kotak yang betul.
The resistor in Diagram is connected in
Perintang dalam Rajah disambung secara

series circuit / litar sesiri

parallel circuit / litar selari

[ 1 mark/ markah]

(b) What will happen to the ammeter reading when the resistors is connected in parallel
Apakah yang akan berlaku pada bacaan ammeter apabila perintang disambung secara
selari? Berikan sebabnya.
................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................................
[ 2 marks/ markah]

(c) Diagram 10.2 shows a circuit that consists of a bulb rated 3 V, 6 W with potential
difference, 3 V. When the switch is on, current 2 A will flow and the bulb will light up
with normal brightness.
Rajah 10.2 menunjukkan satu litar yang terdiri daripada sebiji mentol berkadar 3 V, 6 W
dengan beza keupayaan 3 V. Apabila suis dihidupkan, arus 2 A akan mengalir dan
mentol akan menyala dengan kecerahan normal.
 3V

Switch
Suis
A
Bulb 3 V, 6 W
Mentol 3 V, 6 W

Diagram 10.2
Rajah 10.2

Diagram 10.3 shows a circuit that consists of two bulbs rated 3 V, 6 W each with the potential
difference, 3 V.
Rajah 10.3 menunjukkan litar yang terdiri daripada dua mentol yang setiapnya berkadaran 3 V,
6 W dengan beza keupayaan 3 V.
3V

Switch
Suis
A
Bulb 3 V, 6 W Bulb 3 V, 6 W
Mentol 3 V, 6 W Mentol 3 V, 6 W

Diagram 10.3
Rajah 10.3

(i) Based on Diagram 10.2, calculate the resistance of the bulb.

Berdasarkan Rajah 10.2, hitungkan rintangan mentol.

[ 1 mark/ markah]
(ii) Based on Diagram 10.3, calculate the current flow.
Berdasarkan Rajah 10.3, hitungkan arus yang mengalir.

[ 3 mark/ markah]

(iii) Based on Diagram 10.2 and Diagram 10.3, compare the brightness of the bulbs.
Berdasarkan Rajah 10.2 dan Rajah 10.3, bandingkan kecerahan mentol-mentol itu.
................................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark/ markah]

(iv) You are given two identical batteries, 1.5 V each and two identical bulbs rated 3 V, 6 W
each. Based on your knowledge in 10 (c)(ii) and 10 (c)(iii), draw a complete electrical
circuit diagram where both the bulbs will light up with normal brightness.
Anda dibekalkan dua bateri serupa yang setiap satunya 1.5 V dan dua mentol serupa
yang setiap satunya berkadar 3 V, 6 W. Berdasarkan pengetahuan anda di 10(c)(ii) dan
10(c)(iii), lukis satu rajah litar elektrik yang lengkap yang mana kedua-dua mentol akan
menyala dengan kecerahan yang normal.

[ 2 marks/ markah]
11. Diagram 11.1 shows a circuitused to investigate the relationship between current and potential
difference across a constantan wire s.w.g 24 with length 0f 10 cm.
Rajah 11.1 menunjukkan sebuah litar yang digunakan untuk menyiasat hubungan antara arus
dan beza keupayaan yang merentasi dawai konstantan s.w.g 24 dengan panjang 10 cm.

Constantan wire
s.w.g 24
dawaikonstantan
s.w.g 24
Rheostat
Reostat

Diagram 11.1
Rajah 11.1

(a) Name the unit of physical quantity measured by instrument labeled X and Y in Diagram
11.1
Namakan unit bagi kuantiti fizik yang diukur oleh alat pengukur yang berlabel X dan Y
dalam Rajah 11.1

X : ...................................................................
Y : ...................................................................
[ 2 marks / 2 markah ]

(b) (i) What is the relationship between the reading of the measuring instruments
X and Y ?
Apakah hubungan antara bacaan pada alat pengukur X dan Y ?
.................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark / 1 markah ]

(ii) State the physics’ law involved in 11 b (i)

Nyatakan hukum fizik yang terlibat dalam 11 b (i)
................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark / 1 markah ]

(c) The experiment is repeated by using a constantan wire s.w.g 36 with the same length.
Diagram 11.2 show the graph V against I for the experiment.
Eksperimen diulangi dengan menggunakan dawai konstantan s.w.g dengan panjang yang
sama. Rajah 11.2 menunjukkan graf V melawan I untuk eksperimen tersebut.
 Constantan wire s.w.g 36
Dawai konstantans.w.g 36

Constantan wire s.w.g 24

Dawai konstantan s.w.g 24

Diagram 11.2 / Rajah 11.2

Based on graph in Diagram 11.2 ;

Berdasarkan graf pada Rajah 11.2 ;

(i) What is the physical quantity represented by the gradient of the graph ?
Apakah kuantiti fizik yang diwakili oleh kecerunan graf ?
....................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark / 1 markah ]

(ii) Which of the constantan wire has the higher resistance ?

Dawai konstantan yang manakah mempunyai rintangan yang lebih tinggi ?
...................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark / 1 markah ]

(iii) Explain your answer in 11 c (ii)

Jelaskan jawapan anda di 11 c (ii)
................................................................................................................................
[ 1mark / 1 markah ]
12. Diagram 12 shows the presence of internal resistance in a cell that causes part of the
electromotive force, e.m.f. to be lost when connected to a resistor.
Rajah 12 menunjukkan kewujudan rintangan dalam bagi satu sel yang menyebabkan
sebahagian daya gerak elektrik, d.g.e. hilang apabila sambung kepada satu perintang.

Diagram 12
Rajah 12
(a) Explain why there is an internal resistance in a cell.
Terangkan mengapa terdapat rintangan dalam sel.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………….....
[3 marks / 3 markah]
–19
(b) The charge of an electron is 1.6 x 10 C. Calculate the number of electrons that flow
across a section of a conductor when electric current of 3 A flows through it for 4
minutes.
Cas bagi satu elektron ialah 1.6 x 10–19 C. Hitungkan bilangan elektron yang mengalir
merentasi satu bahagian konduktor apabila arus elektrik 3 A mengalir melaluinya selama
4 minit.

[3 marks / 3 markah]
(c) (i) What is meant by potential difference?
Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan beza keupayaan?
...................................................................................................................................
[1 mark / 1 markah]
(ii) State the S.I. unit for electrical potential difference.
Nyatakan unit S.I untuk beza keupayaan elektrik.
...................................................................................................................................
[1 mark / 1 markah]
 (d) The potential difference between two charged clouds is 3 kV. When lightning occurs,
electric current of 15 A flows for 0.4 s between the two clouds. Calculate
Beza keupayaan antara dua awan bercas ialah 3 kV. Apabila kilat terjadi, arus elektrik
15 A mengalir selama 0.4 s antara dua awan. Hitungkan

(i) quantity of charge transferred.

kuantiti cas yang dipindah.

[2 marks / 2 markah]
(ii) energy released during lightning.
tenaga dibebaskan semasa kilat.

[2 marks / 2 markah]

13. (a) (i) An electrical circuit consists of a battery, a resistor, an ammeter, a voltmeter and
connecting wires can be used to determine the resistance of a resistor. Draw a
labelled diagram to show the arrangement of the apparatus.
Satu litar elektrik terdiri daripada satu bateri, perintang, ammeter, voltmeter dan
dawai penyambung boleh digunakan untuk menentukan rintangan bagi satu
perintang. Lukiskan satu rajah berlabel untuk menunjukkan susunan radas.

[2 marks / 2 markah]
(ii) What is meant by resistance?
Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan rintangan?
.....................................................................................................................................
[1 mark / 1 markah]

(iii) State two factors which affect the resistance of an electric conductor.
Nyatakan dua faktor yang mempengaruhi rintangan bagi satu konduktor elektrik
1. ....................................................................................
2. ....................................................................................
[2 marks / 2 markah]
(b) Diagram 13.1 shows an electric circuit which consists of a battery of e.m.f. 6 V connected
to a switch and three resistors X, Y and Z with resistance 10 Ω each.
Rajah 13.1 menunjukkan satu litar elektrik yang terdiri daripada satu bateri dengan
d.g.e. 6 V disambungkan kepada satu suis dan tiga perintang X, Y, dan Z dengan
rintangan 10 Ω setiap satu.

X , 10 Ω

Y Z
10 Ω 10 Ω

Diagram 13.1
Rajah 13.1
Given that the resistance of the battery is negligible. When the switch is on, calculate:
Diberikan bahawa rintangan bateri diabaikan. Apabila suis dihidupkan, hitungkan:

(i) total resistance in the circuit.

jumlah rintangan dalam litar.

[2 marks / 2 markah]

(ii) the electric current that flows through the circuit.

arus elektrik yang mengalir melalui litar.

[2 marks / 2 markah]
14. Diagram 14.1 and Diagram 14.2 show two ways of two identical bulbs can be connected in a
circuit.
Rajah 14.1 dan Rajah 14.2 menunjukkan dua cara untuk menyambungkan dua mentol yang
serupa dalam satu litar.

Diagram 14.1 Diagram 14.2

Rajah 14.1 Rajah 14.2

(a) Name the circuit in Diagram 14.1 and Diagram 14.2.

Namakan litar dalam Rajah 14.1 dan Rajah 14.2.
(i) Diagram 14.1 :.....................................................................
Rajah 14.1
(ii) Diagram 14.2 :......................................................................
Rajah 14.2
(b) [2 marks / 2 markah]
(b) Calculate the effective resistance of the two bulbs in the circuit.
Hitungkan rintangan berkesan bagi dua mentol dalam litar.

(i) Diagram 14.1

Rajah 14.1

[2 marks / 2 markah]
(ii) Diagram 14.2
Rajah 14.2

[2 marks / 2 markah]
(c) What will happen to the other bulb if one of the bulb in both circuit is blew?
Apakah yang akan berlaku terhadap mentol lain jika salah satu mentol dalam kedua-dua
litar terbakar?

(i) Circuit in Diagram 14.1

Litar dalam Rajah 14.1
......................................................................................................................................
[1 mark / 1 markah]
(ii) Circuit in Diagram 14.2
Litar dalam Rajah 14.2
...........................................................................................................................
[1 mark / 1 markah]
(d) Determine the current that flow out of the battery in the circuit of
Tentukan arus yang mengalir keluar dari bateri dalam litar

(i) Diagram 14.1

Rajah 14.1

[2 marks / 2 markah]
(ii) Diagram 14.2
Rajah 14.2

[2 marks / 2 markah]
(e) Based on your answer in 14(a) and 14(c), explain why we should not connect few electric
appliances to a same wall socket.
Berdasarkan jawapan anda di 8(a) dan 8(c), terangkan mengapa kita tidak patut
menyambungkan beberapa alat elektrik kepada satu soket yang sama.
………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………
[2 marks / 2 markah]
15. Table 15.1 shows three electrical appliances with rating and the number of hours they are used
in a month.
Jadual 15.1 menunjukkan tiga alat elektrik dengan kadar dan bilangan jam mereka yang telah
digunakan dalam satu bulan.

Number of hours used

Electrical appliance Rating
Bilangan jam yang
Alat elektrik Kadar
telah digunakan
Electric kettle
240 V, 1 000 W 100
Cerek elektrik
Refrigerator
240 V, 200 W 700
Peti sejuk
Washing machine
240 V, 500 W 80
Mesin basuh
Table 15.1
Jadual 15.1

(a) What is meant by power rating of washing machine?

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan kadar kuasa bagi mesin basuh?
……………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark / 1 markah]
(b) What is the resistance of refrigerator?
Berapakah rintangan bagi sebuah peti sejuk?

[2 marks / 2 markah]
(c) Calculate the current that flow through the electric kettle.
Hitungkan arus yang mengalir melalui cerek elektrik.

[2 marks / 2 markah]
(d) Table 15.2 shows the tariff for the use of electrical energy in housing area.
Jadual 15.2 menunjukkan tarif kegunaan tenaga elektrik dalam kawasan perumahan.

Electrical energy Rate per unit

Tenaga elektrik Kadar per unit
First 100 units RM0.21
100 unit yang pertama
Next 100 units
RM0.28
100 unit yang
seterusnya
Over 201 units RM0.32
Melebihi 201 unit
Table 15.2
Jadual 15.2
Based on Table 15.2, calculate the total cost of using electrical energy for the electrical
appliances listed in Table 15.1.
Berdasarkan Jadual 15.2, hitungkan jumlah kos menggunakan tenaga elektrik bagi alat
elektrik yang disenaraikan dalam Jadual 15.1.

[3 marks / 3 markah]