Department of Social Sciences and Philosophy

Saint Mary’s University

Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya

First Term Examinations (POINTERS)

2nd Semester 2018-2019
PHILO 1: Logic and Critical Thinking
MULTIPLE CHOICE: Write your answer on the answer sheet provided.
I. OBJECTIVE AND COMPREHENSION: Determine the following.
1. What makes up the very substance of philosophy?
2. What is one of the worst and most unfair biases about philosophy which circulates especially among
first-timers?
A. Any college student is still too young and early to deal with the most difficult and serious problems
about life and reality.
B. Philosophizing is just the business of would-be priests and students who major in philosophy.
C. Philosophy and the problems it is concerned with are wholly unrelated to life.
D. All of the above.
3. What system of reasoning which proceeds from universal truths to particular cases?
4. Why is philosophy unique in comparison with other disciplines?
A. Because it is not limited or attached to a single subject of study.
B. Because it seeks to unify different disciplines and integrate them into an overarching perspective of
life.
C. Because it deals more with issues than with specific subjects.
D. All of the above.
5. In what manner is the conclusion claimed to follow from its premises in a deductive argument?
A. some support
B. probability
C. absolute necessity
D. conclusive grounds
6. Why can philosophy not have a clear and specific subject of study?
A. Because it is not limited or attached to a single subject of study which makes its focus narrow and its
understanding of life and reality restricted by a particular aspect.
B. Because it typically ask questions that touch on almost every other field of academic inquiry.
C. Because it aims to enlarge the breadth and depth of one’s understanding and overcome shallow and
narrow thinking.
D. Because philosophy is an overarching field which covers almost the entire spectrum of knowledge.
7. What refers to the pattern or arrangement of the essential components of the proposition into a logical
unit?
8. What is the central task of deductive logic?
A. to determine the truth of the premises
B. to clarify the relations between premises and conclusion
C. to ascertain the truth of the conclusion
D. All of the above
9. Which of the following speaks of logic as an art?
A. Logic aims to train the students of the techniques and methods and to develop the skill and facility in
reasoning correctly.
B. Logic is directly and formally concerned with developing and sharpening our reasoning power.
C. Logic seeks to organize systematically the rules and principles of correct thinking.
D. All of the above.
10. Which of the following refers to logical thinking in the strict sense?
A. judgment
B. remembering
C. reasoning
D. imagining

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11. Which of the following does not belong to the idea of philosophizing in the ordinary sense?
A. When we offer reasons for thinking or behaving in one way or another.
B. When we keep on defending our views even if they are deemed to be questionable.
C. When we try to question the sense or justification of something.
D. When we try to support our claim that something is true or not.
12. What is the only argument that can establish the truth of its conclusion?
13. Who is the Father of Traditional Logic?
14. What do the premises of deductive arguments provide for their conclusion?
A. some support
B. probability
C. absolute necessity
D. conclusive grounds
15. Which of the following is true of the relationship between validity and truth?
A. There are no valid arguments with false conclusions.
B. The occurrence of true premises and a true conclusion does not guarantee validity.
C. The truth and falsity of an argument’s conclusion determines the validity or invalidity of that
argument.
D. The fact that an argument is valid guarantees the truth of its conclusion.

II. ELEMENTS AND STRUCTURE OF A CATEGORICAL PROPOSITION: Determine whether the subject
and predicate terms are underlined and labeled correctly. Answer (A) if only the subject term is
underlined and labeled correctly; (B) if only the predicate term, (C) if both; and (D) if none of them.
16. Several students in this highly distinguished class are extremely brilliant whiz kids.
S P
17. All persons who disagree with me are not my loyal supporters in this valuable cause.
S P
18. Beautiful and fresh roses coming from Baguio are not all pristine white flowers.
S P
19. No shameless illegal loggers are persons who value natural forest resources.
P S

III. STANDARD FORM CATEGORICAL PROPOSITIONS: Determine what kind of standard form
propositions are the following. Answer (A) if the proposition is A; (B) if E; (C) if I; and (D) if O.
20. Some poems today are not in verse.
21. All pessimists are negative thinkers.

IV. REDUCTION TO STANDARD FORM

A. Determine what type of categorical proposition are the following. Answer (A) if A, (B) if E, (C)
if I, or (D) if O.
36. A person will not succeed, when he is not happy with what he does.
37. Excessive intake of vitamins is not good for the health.
38. Not all athletes who have ever accepted pay for participating in sports are amateurs.
39. There is a cunning traitor in the seemingly unbreakable syndicate of the town.

B. Determine the reduced proposition of the following.

40. Suppose a soldier rebels, he will not receive an award for loyalty.
A. Some rebellious soldiers are not receivers of an award for loyalty.
B. No rebellious soldiers are loyalty awardees.
C. All rebellious soldiers are not receivers of loyalty award.
D. Some rebellious soldiers are loyalty awardees.
41. Anything which is sturdy cannot break.
A. All sturdy things are breakable things.
B. No sturdy things are breakable things.
C. All sturdy things are breaking things.
D. No things that are sturdy are breakable things.

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 C. Determine the proposition asked in the following.
42. Which of the following is an A proposition?
A. Whenever you escape, you will not be a person of virtue.
B. Almost all members participate in the convention.
C. All except who lies will be set free.
D. You will not find the treasure, unless you have faith.
43. Which of the following is an O proposition?
A. Coconuts are not short trees.
B. Those who participate in the game do not play well.
C. A few who practice law are into public service.
D. Most women are vain.

D. Reduce the following proposition.

1. The boy is yours.

1.
L Q S c P
2. There is a man in the street.

2.
L Q S c P

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