Composite Beam Design Extension in Robot

Structural Analysis Professional 2016

Martin Finn and Christopher Motto
Structural Engineers
Souza, True and Partners

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Structural Consulting Firm Established in 1959
ƒ Single discipline firm – structural
ƒ Small business
ƒ Clients - architects, owners, and contractors
ƒ Primary focus is building design:
ƒ Health Care ƒ Laboratory
ƒ Research ƒ Museums
ƒ Academic ƒ Municipal
ƒ Commercial ƒ Parking
ƒ Residential ƒ Commercial
ƒ Typical services:
ƒ Analysis & Design ƒ Evaluations
ƒ CA ƒ Peer reviews
ƒ Feasibility ƒ Expert witnesses

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Class summary
ƒ This class will begin with a review of composite beam design theory and code requirements
for composite beam design based on the American Institute of Steel Construction’s
Specification for Structural Steel Buildings (AISC 360-10). We will then conduct an in-depth
examination of the Composite Beam Design Extension for Robot Structural Analysis (RSA)
2016, illustrate the benefits of using the Composite Beam Design Extension, and
demonstrate a typical project workflow using this design tool.

Key learning objectives

At the end of this class, you will be able to:
ƒ Possess a deeper understanding of composite beam design theory and code
implementation
ƒ Understand RSA 2016’s Composite Beam Design Extension’s features and capabilities
ƒ Analyze and design composite beams using the composite beam design extension
ƒ Integrate RSA 2016’s Composite Beam Design Extension into your current workflow

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Composite Beam Design Theory
and Code Implementation

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Non-Composite vs. Composite Construction

ƒ Non-composite
construction:
ƒ No consideration for shear
transfer between slab and
beams
ƒ Beam and slab deflect
independently
ƒ Load carried by the slab is
small and is neglected
Non-Composite vs. Composite Construction

ƒ Composite construction:
ƒ Friction and/or mechanical
shear connectors transfer
shear between slab and
beams
ƒ Beam and slab deflect
together
ƒ A portion of the concrete slab
is placed in compression,
increasing the composite
beam section capacity
Types of Composite Construction

ƒ Encased
ƒ Steel beam completely enclosed in concrete
ƒ Not common due to high cost
ƒ Non-encased
ƒ Connection provided at top flange of
steel beam to transmit shear
ƒ Slab may be solid concrete or use
composite steel decking
ƒ Most common type in United States:
composite steel decking with headed shear studs
Benefits of Composite Construction

ƒ Composite construction allows for

use of lighter steel sections,
reducing steel costs
ƒ Additional cost of steel connectors
generally is less than the savings
on steel weight
ƒ Use of shallower beam sections
can reduce building height, leading
to savings on exterior envelope
Horizontal Shear

ƒ The total horizontal shear force

V’ between the points of
maximum moment and zero
moment shall be the lowest
value of three limit states:
ƒ Steel yielding
ƒ Concrete crushing
ƒ Strength of shear connectors
Horizontal Shear

ƒ The total horizontal shear force

V’ between the points of
maximum moment and zero
moment shall be the lowest V’ = FyAs
value of three limit states:
Fy = Steel yield strength
ƒ Steel yielding As = Cross-sectional area of steel
ƒ Concrete crushing member that is in tension

ƒ Strength of shear connectors

Horizontal Shear
ƒ The total horizontal shear force
V’ between the points of
maximum moment and zero
moment shall be the lowest
value of three limit states:
ƒ Steel yielding
ƒ Concrete crushing
ƒ Strength of shear connectors
V’ = 0.85f’cAc
f’c = Concrete compressive strength
Ac = Area of concrete in
compression = bea
be = effective beam width – defined
by AISC 360-10 for each side of the
steel beam as the minimum of:
- 1/8 of the beam span
- 1/2 of the distance to the
adjacent beam
- the distance to the slab edge
a = depth of concrete compressive
block (found from statics)
Horizontal Shear
ƒ The total horizontal shear force
V’ between the points of
maximum moment and zero
moment shall be the lowest
value of three limit states:
ƒ Steel yielding
ƒ Concrete crushing
ƒ Strength of shear connectors
V’ = ΣQnc
Qn = 0.5Asc√(f’cEc) ≤
RgRpAscFu
f’c = Concrete compressive strength
Ec = Concrete modulus of elasticity =
w1.5 √f’c, where w = unit weight
of concrete
Rg = Group effect coefficient
Rp = Position effect coefficient
Asc = Cross sectional area of stud
Fu = Tensile strength of steel stud
Flexural Strength

ƒ For compact sections, flexural

strength is determined from
plastic analysis
ƒ All ASTM A6 W, S, and HP shapes
are compact for Fy less than 50 ksi
ƒ Partial neutral axis is either in
Mn = 0.85f’cAc (½t + ӯ) + 2Fybfӯ +
the slab (entire steel area is in FyAs(½d - ӯ)
tension) or in the steel section
(parts of the steel area are in
compression)
Partial Composite Action

ƒ In many cases, it is not necessary to

develop the full composite moment
capacity
ƒ The number of shear studs provided
ΣQnc
FyAs
determines the amount of compression
developed in the concrete
ƒ Commentary to the AISC code
recommends a minimum of 25%
composite action
Other Design Considerations

ƒ Shear
ƒ Shear contribution of concrete is ignored,
steel section resists the entire shear load
ƒ Deflections
ƒ Research has shown that effective
moment of inertia Ieff is lower than the
equivalent moment of inertia calculated
by linear elastic theory
ƒ Commentary to the AISC code
recommends limiting Ieff to 0.75Iequiv
Other Design Considerations

ƒ Pre-composite strength
ƒ Beam is not considered to be composite until concrete has
reached 75% of its design strength
ƒ Bare steel section must resist all loads prior to composite action
ƒ Pre-composite deflection
ƒ Excessive deflections due to wet weight of concrete can cause
uneven floors or will require additional concrete to level floor
ƒ Temporary shoring may be used, but it is expensive
ƒ Beams may be cambered for a portion of the pre-composite dead load
ƒ Design for additional concrete and/or limit pre-composite deflections
RSA 2016 Composite Beam Design
Extension Features and Capabilities

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Main RSA Model
ƒ Building is
first modeled
in RSA

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Main RSA Model
ƒ Building is
first modeled
in RSA
ƒ Lay out columns
and beams

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Main RSA Model
ƒ Building is
first modeled
in RSA
ƒ Lay out columns
and beams
ƒ Define composite
slab types and add
slabs

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Main RSA Model
ƒ Building is
first modeled
in RSA
ƒ Lay out columns
and beams
ƒ Define composite
slab types and add
slabs
ƒ Add loads

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Main RSA Model
ƒ Building is
first modeled
in RSA
ƒ Lay out columns
and beams
ƒ Define composite
slab types and add
slabs
ƒ Add loads
ƒ Once modeling is
complete, select
composite slab
and framing and
use the Beam
Design Extension
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Composite Beam Design Extension

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Composite Beam Design Extension

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Composite Beam Design Extension

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Composite Beam Design Extension

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Composite Beam Design Extension

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Edit Tab – Composite Settings

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ƒ Choose beam selection “By Weight”
or “By Depth” and set parameters
for beam depths

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ƒ Choose beam selection “By Weight”
or “By Depth” and set parameters
for beam depths
ƒ Set maximum and minimum percent
of composite action to consider

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ƒ Choose beam selection “By Weight”
or “By Depth” and set parameters
for beam depths
ƒ Set maximum and minimum percent
of composite action to consider
ƒ Choose if non-composite beams will
be checked for lateral-torsional
buckling

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ƒ Choose beam selection “By Weight”
or “By Depth” and set parameters
for beam depths
ƒ Set maximum and minimum percent
of composite action to consider
ƒ Choose if non-composite beams will
be checked for lateral-torsional
buckling
ƒ Add additional construction loads

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ƒ Choose beam selection “By Weight”
or “By Depth” and set parameters
for beam depths
ƒ Set maximum and minimum percent
of composite action to consider
ƒ Choose if non-composite beams will
be checked for lateral-torsional
buckling
ƒ Add additional construction loads
ƒ Select method of determining
internal forces

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ƒ Choose to use the beam materials
defined in the main RSA model or
specify the material for all beams

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ƒ Choose to use the beam materials
defined in the main RSA model or
specify the material for all beams
ƒ Input steel and concrete unit costs

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ƒ Choose to use the beam materials
defined in the main RSA model or
specify the material for all beams
ƒ Input steel and concrete unit costs
ƒ Input a wet weight factor for
construction load of concrete and
input a ponding load to account for
beam deflections

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ƒ Input stud dimensions and unit cost

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ƒ Input stud dimensions and unit cost
ƒ Select if a proportional group factor
(Rg) is to be used

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ƒ Input stud dimensions and unit cost
ƒ Select if a proportional group factor
(Rg) is to be used
ƒ Select if a segmented stud layout is
to be used

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ƒ Input stud dimensions and unit cost
ƒ Select if a proportional group factor
(Rg) is to be used
ƒ Select if a segmented stud layout is
to be used
ƒ Select stud material

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ƒ Input stud dimensions and unit cost
ƒ Select if a proportional group factor
(Rg) is to be used
ƒ Select if a segmented stud layout is
to be used
ƒ Select stud material
ƒ Set stud spacing limits and choose
to put minimum studs (based on
spacing limits) on non-composite
beams

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ƒ Choose if camber is to be
considered in beam design and set
design parameters
ƒ Minimum spans to camber
ƒ Camber limits and increment
ƒ Percent of dead load to camber

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ƒ Choose if camber is to be
considered in beam design and set
design parameters
ƒ Minimum spans to camber
ƒ Camber limits and increment
ƒ Percent of dead load to camber
ƒ Set absolute and relative deflection
limits for:
ƒ Pre-composite deflection (construction
loads)
ƒ Post-composite live load
ƒ Post-composite combined load

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Geometry

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Geometry
ƒ Compares
the beam in
main RSA
model to the
current
design in the
design
extension

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Geometry
ƒ Physical
properties of
steel beam
ƒ Length
ƒ Material
ƒ Support Condition

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Geometry
ƒ Physical
properties of
concrete slab
ƒ Deck orientation
ƒ Concrete
properties
ƒ Effective beam
flange width
ƒ Deck profile
dimensions

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Cases and Combinations

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Cases and Combinations
ƒ Loads
defined in the
main RSA
model are
automatically
defined to a
load case
ƒ Automatic
definitions
may be
overridden
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Cases and Combinations
ƒ Loads
defined in the
main RSA
model are
automatically
defined to a
load case
ƒ Automatic
definitions
may be
overridden
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Cases and Combinations
ƒ Loads
defined in the
main RSA
model are
automatically
defined to a
load case
ƒ Automatic
definitions
may be
overridden
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Cases and Combinations
ƒ Loads
defined in the
main RSA
model are
automatically
defined to a
load case
ƒ Automatic
definitions
may be
overridden
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Cases and Combinations
ƒ Loads
defined in the
main RSA
model are
automatically
defined to a
load case
ƒ Automatic
definitions
may be
overridden
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Cases and Combinations
ƒ Loads
defined in the
main RSA
model are
automatically
defined to a
load case
ƒ Automatic
definitions
may be
overridden
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Cases and Combinations
ƒ Combinations
are
automatically
generated
per LRFD
design
ƒ Custom
combination
may be input

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Cases and Combinations
ƒ Combinations
automatically
generated
per LRFD
design
ƒ Custom
combination
may be input

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Loads

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Loads
ƒ Displays line
loads and
point loads
on each
beam
ƒ Values may
not be added
or changed in
the design
extension

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Static Calculations

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Static Calculations

ƒ Displays analysis results for each

load combination
ƒ Values include shear, moment,
deflection, reactions, end rotation,
and end displacements
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Extreme Results

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Extreme Results
ƒ Displays
maximum and
minimum
values for
deflection,
shear,
moment, end
reactions, and
end moments
over all load
combinations
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Design

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Design
ƒ Select beam
section
ƒ Input camber
amount
ƒ Select if
composite
action is used
and input
number of
studs

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Design
ƒ Displays
composite
section
design
values:
ƒ Moment
capacity
ƒ Stud details
ƒ Cost estimate
ƒ Internal forces

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Design
ƒ Displays
eventual
failure mode,
failure types
ƒ Ratio:
maximum
utilization of
all design limit
states

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Design
ƒ Select design
procedure
ƒ Design
selected beam
ƒ Design all
beams

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Design
ƒ Select design
procedure
ƒ Design
selected beam
ƒ Design all
beams

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Design
ƒ Select design
procedure
ƒ Design
selected beam
ƒ Design all
beams

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Report

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Report
ƒ Select
information to
be displayed in
report

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Report
ƒ Select
information to
be displayed in
report
ƒ Choose to
export
(Microsoft
Word or Excel)
save, or print
report

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Report

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Report

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Synchronize with Main RSA Model

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Synchronize with Main RSA Model
ƒ Select “OK” to
synchronize
beam designs
with main RSA
model
ƒ Changes to
slab values or
added loads
will not be
synchronized

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Synchronize with Main RSA Model
ƒ Beams will be
renamed in
main RSA
model to
reflect
composite
design

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Integration into Typical Workflow

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Summary

ƒ BIM is here to stay

ƒ Robot Composite Beam
Design Extension is an
effective tool for designing
typical composite floor
framing
ƒ Autodesk is working with STP and other structural
engineers to tailor future releases of their analysis
software to better suit the typical design process
More Questions? Visit the AU Answer Bar
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questions by visiting the Answer Bar.

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located just outside of Hall C on Level 2.

ƒ Staffed by Autodesk developers, QA,

& support engineers ready to help
you through your most challenging
technical questions.

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