Revision Work sheet— ALCOHOLS-ALDEHYDES AND KETONES

Class 12

DISTINCTION TEST

Give simple chemical tests to distinguish between the following pairs of

compounds.

(i) Propanal and Propanone

(ii) Acetophenone and Benzophenone

(iii) Phenol and Benzoic acid

(iv) Benzoic acid and Ethyl benzoate

(v) Pentan-2-one and Pentan-3-one

(vi) Benzaldehyde and Acetophenone

(vii) Ethanal and Propanal

(viii) 1- propanol and 2- propanol

(ix) Ethanol and phenol

MECHANISM

1) Explain the mechanism of a nucleophilic attack on the carbonyl group of an

aldehyde or a ketone
2) Write the mechanism of hydration of ethene to yield ethanol.
3) Write the mechanism of acid-catalyzed dehydration of ethanol to yield ethene
4) Write the mechanism of acid-catalyzed dehydration of ethanol to yield
ethoxy ethane.
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CONVERSIONS

1)Show how each of the following compounds can be converted to benzoic

acid.

(i) Ethylbenzene (ii) Acetophenone

(iii) Bromobenzene (iv) Phenylethene (Styrene)

2)How will you bring about the following conversions in not more than two
steps?

(i) Propanone to Propene

(ii) Benzoic acid to Benzaldehyde

(iii) Ethanol to 3-Hydroxybutanal

(iv) Benzene to m-Nitroacetophenone

(v) Benzaldehyde to Benzophenone

(vi) Bromobenzene to 1-Phenylethanol

(vii) Benzaldehyde to 3-Phenylpropan-1-ol

(viii) Benazaldehyde to α-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid

(ix) Benzoic acid to m- Nitrobenzyl alcohol

3) How are the following conversions carried out?

(i) Propene → Propan-2-ol

(ii) Benzyl chloride → Benzyl alcohol

(iii) Ethyl magnesium chloride → Propan-1-ol.

(iv) Methyl magnesium bromide → 2-Methylpropan-2-ol.

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(v) Propene -------Propan-1-ol

4) How will you convert ethanal into the following compounds?

(i) But-2-enal (ii) Butane-1, 3-diol

(iii) But-2 -enoic acid

COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING

Complete each synthesis by giving missing starting material, reagent or products

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv) ?

(v)

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(vi)

(vii)

(viii)

(ix)

(x) ?

(xi)

NAME REACTIONS

1) Kolbe’s reaction
2) Riemer tiemann reaction
3) Williamsons synthesis
4) Roenmunds reduction
5) Stephen reaction
6) Etards reaction
7) Gatter mann kotch reaction

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 8) Clemmensen reduction
9) Wolff kishner reduction
10) Tollens test
11) Fehlings test
12) Friedel crafts alkylation reaction
13) Friedelcrafts acylation--& benzoylation
14) Iodoform test
15) Aldol condensation
16) Cross Aldol condensation
17) Cannizzaro reaction
18) Decarboxylation reaction
19) HVZ reaction

Identify the named reaction:

1) Phenol-----salicylic acid

2) Phenol-----salicyl aldehyde

3) (CH3)3CONa+CH3Br-------

4) acetyl chloride ---acetaldehyde

5) Benzyl chloride ----benzaldehyde

6) Toluene---- benzaldehyde

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8) Acetone ----CH3 CH2 CH3

9) RCOCH3 on treatment with NaOI or ( NaOH & I2 )

10) Ethanal --------3- hydroxyl butanal

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 11) Ethanal --------but-2-enal

12) CH3CHO + CH3CH2CHO + dil. NaOH ----

13) 2 HCHO + Conc .. KOH---

14) 2 C6H5CHO+ Con.KOH---

15) RCOONa+NaOH+CaO+ HEAT---

16) RCH2COOH------1.X2& Red P----2.H2O--------------

17) How can you convert toluene to benzoic acid

18) How can you convert ethyl benzene to benzoic acid

19) ?

Name the appropriate reagent used for the conversions

1. Phenol-------2 nitro phenol + 4- Nitro phenol

2. Phenol-------2,4,6-trinitro phenol
3. Phenol ------2 -bromophenol + 4- bromophenol
4. Phenol ------2 ,4,6-tribromophenol
5. Oxidation of a primary alcohol to carboxylic acid.
6. Oxidation of a primary alcohol to aldehyde.
7. Bromination of phenol to 2,4, 6-tribromophenol.
8. Benzyl alcohol to benzoic acid.
9. Dehydration of propan-2-ol to propene.
10. Butan-2-one to butan-2-ol.

Arrange the following—based on the mentioned property

1. 4-methyl phenol, propan-1-ol,3-nitro phenol, phenol, 3.5-dinitrophenol

a)acidic strength b)pKa value
2. Arrange the following compounds in increasing order of their boiling points.

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 CH3CHO, CH3CH2OH, CH3OCH3, CH3CH2CH3

3. Acetaldehyde, Acetone, Di-tert-butyl ketone, Methyl tert-butyl ketone

(reactivity towards HCN)
4. CH3CH2CH(Br)COOH, CH3CH(Br)CH2COOH, (CH3)2CHCOOH, CH3CH2CH2COOH
(acid strength)
5. Benzoic acid, 4-Nitrobenzoic acid, 3,4-Dinitrobenzoic acid, 4-Methoxybenzoic acid
(acid strength)
6. Chloro acetic acid, acetic acid, dichloroacetic acid,trichloroacetic acid
(acidic strength)