FACTORS AFFECTING THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF THE WORKING

STUDENTS AT DELA SALLE JOHN BOSCO COLLEGE (DLSJBC) S.Y. 2018 – 2019

A Research Paper
Presented to the
Faculty of Basic Education Department
SAINT VINCENT DE PAUL DIOCESAN COLLEGE
ABM 11

In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirement for the Practical Research 1
of Accountancy Business and Management 11

By

DALUGDOG, Michelle C.
YBAÑEZ, Julius Andrew P.
DALAGAN, Vannah Mae G.
MONDOYO, Bea Khryss
SAPLAD, Aravi M.
 DEDICATION

This research is lovingly dedicated to parents:

Mrs. Silvera Dalugdog,

Mr. and Mrs. Alger and Emelita Ybañez,

Mr. and Mrs. Jennifer and Merjorie Dalagan,

Mr. and Mrs. Alvin and Sharon Mondoyo, and

Mr. Alfonso Saplad

friends, classmates, teachers,

and

to our Almighty God who have been the constant source of inspiration.

They have given drive and discipline to tackle the task with enthusiasm and determination.

Without their love and support, this research would not have been made possible.

Michelle Dalugdog
Julius Andrew P. Ybañez
Vannah Mae Dalagan
Bea Khryss M. Mondoyo
Aravi M. Saplad
 ACKNOWLEDGMENT

This research will not be possible without the support of:

The researchers’ families whom financially and morally supported them in the pursuit in

this study;

Sir Gilbet J. Conde for being the adviser of this subject who exerted his effort in editing

and checking the drafts and research tool of the researchers;

Sir Giljhon Soberano for guiding and supporting us in sharing his expertise in statistics;

Mrs. Esterlita Datwin for approved the conduct of this research and for the conduct of the

reliability;

The Teachers of the Sunday High School for accommodating us in the conduct of the

study;

The respondents, who are willingly, shared their time and effort as active participants of

this research;

Words cannot express how grateful we are to have you, whose invaluable knowledge

helped us to put this piece of work together and guided us all through, read through our work and

encouraged us not to give up.

Finally, thanks to our Almighty God, who always guides the researchers in the journey

despite on the challenges that they have faced.

The Researchers
 ABSTRACT

THE FACTOS AFFECTING THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCES OF

STUDENT IN SUNDAY HIGH SCHOOL WORKING STUDENT S.Y 2018-2019 by
Michelle Dalugdog, Julius Andrew P. Ybañez, Vannah Mae Dalagan, Bea Khryss Mondoyo, and
Aravi Saplad; Saint Vincent de Paul Diocesan College; Research Adviser: Gilbert J. Conde.

The purpose of this study is to identify and examine factors that affect the academic

performance of the working students at De La Salle John Bosco College. Self- made

questionnaires were distributed to respective students who are currently enrolled as Sunday high

school during 1st semester S.Y. 2018- 2019. Several factors that is being discussed in this

research are Family Stress, Learning facilities, Community Distance, Insufficient basic

knowledge, Parent’s inadequate income, Lack of achievement motivation, Negative study

attitudes, Financial Status, Proper Guidance, Health Problems

This study uses a descriptive research design and the sample was selected by the use of

Quota Sampling technique. The statistical tools used in this study are the descriptive statistics

that includes the mean, percentage and the frequency in analysing the data.

The results show that the factor that really affects the academic performances of the

students is the financial status. And after using the mean formula, the academic performances of

the students are still good.

In view to the results and findings of the study, the family that their children are working

students encouraged to enrol their children in schools that offer Sunday High School.
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

PRELIMINARIES

DEDICATION …………………………………… i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT …………………………………… ii
ABSTRACT …………………………………… iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................ iv
LIST OF TABLES and FIGURES …………………………………… vi

CHAPTERS

1 INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study ............................. 1

Statement of the Problem ............................. 4
Objectives of the Study ……………………………………. 4
Significance of the Study ............................. 5
Scope and Delimitation ............................. 5
Definition of Terms ............................. 6
Conceptual Framework ............................. 7

2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

Related Literature (Foreign Studies) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Related Literature (Local Studies). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10
Related Studies (Foreign Studies) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Related Studies (Local Studies) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . …. 14

3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research Design ............................. 16

Respondents of the Study ............................. 17
Research Locale ............................. 17
Research Instrument ............................. 18
Data Collection Procedure ............................. 18
Statistical Tool .......................... 19

4 PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, and INTERPRETATION OF DATA

 The Academic Grades of the
Sunday High School Students . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . …. 21
The Advantages of Being a
Working Student in Dela Salle John Bosco. . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . …. 22
Disadvantages of Being a
Working Student in Dela Salle John Bosco College . .. . . . .. …. 23
Factors affecting the academic performances
of the Working students at De La Salle John Bosco College. . . . . 24

5 SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, and RECOMMENDATIONS

Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Findings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

REFERENCES …………………………………….. 29

APPENDICES

Appendix A : The Academic Grades of the

Sunday High School Students ............... . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .31
: The Advantages of Being a
Working Student …………………………. . . . . . . .. . . . 32
: The Disadvantages of Being a
Working Student …………………………. . . . . . . .. . . . 33
: Factors Affecting The Academic
Performances …………………………. . . . . . . .. . . . 35

Appendix B : Test Questionnaire…………………………………. 36

Appendix C : Letter of Permission………………………………… 37
Appendix D : Curriculum Vitae…………………………………… 42
 LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES

Table 3.1 The grading system and its description ………………….................. 20

Table 4.1 The Academic Grades of the

Sunday High School Students .......................................................... 21

Table 4.2 The Advantages of Being a Working

Student in Dela Salle John Bosco ..................................................... 22

Table 4.3 Disadvantages of Being a Working

Student in Dela Salle John Bosco College ........................................ 23

Table 4.4 Factors affecting the academic performances of the

Working students at De La Salle John Bosco College ...................... 24

Figure 1.1 Conceptual framework of the research ………….............................. 6

 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

In this period of globalization and high-tech revolution, education is considered as a first

step for every human activity. However, working is now a fundamental responsibility for many

undergraduates. It plays a vital role in the development of human capital and is linked with an

individual’s well-being and opportunities for better living (Battle & Lewis, 2002). Most of the

working students are familiar with the “work- life balance” where an individual must balance

time for academics and work. A report by the Trade Union Congress (TUC) shows that the

number of students undertaking term-time employment grew more than 50% between 1996 and

2006 [1]. The increase is partly the result of the changes in student funding over the past two

decades, due to the rapid expansion in student numbers. And according to National Center for

Education Statistics of 2007, nearly half (45%) of traditional undergraduates- that are students

between the ages of 16 to 24 attending high school fulltime worked while enrolled.

The trend of employment among university students has been increasing rapidly in the

last decade. Some suggest that economic reasons are mainly the factor for this trend. With an

increase in the number of students taking part-time job outside campus, its effect on students’

academic performance of students has been questioned by many researchers (Green, 1987).

Issues such as the number of hours worked, whether the student’s jobs pertain to their majors,

and student’s workloads (Watanabe, 2005) have been discussed and scrutinized to see the

relation between taking part-time jobs and academic achievement.

 Some studies in UK have shown that part-time employment has a negative impact on

academic performance. Furr and Elling (2000) proved that students working between 30-39

hours per week and those working 40+ hours per week felt that their employment had a negative

effect on their academic achievement. Others also found that students working between 1 and 15

hours per week showed a slightly higher GPA than those with a heavier workload. On the other

hand, UK studies have highlighted benefits of part-time employment, including work experience,

improving time management skills and gaining transferable skills, such as communication, oral

presentation skills and teamwork.

Another study states, students involvement in employment has positive impact to develop

career-related skills. It is hands-on experience that cannot be gained in the classroom alone.

Whatever the reasons the students have in taking part time job, there is a popular believe that

student with part time job do not tend to have higher academic achievement, because their focus

time of study has been divided with their working time. Better academic achievement only can

be achieved by students who spend more time on academic related activities outside of class (

e.g., reading the text, completing assignment, studying, and preparing reports) (Sarah & Hudson,

2005).

In Manila, Philippines - About 216,000 students in the country are currently juggling

school and work, according to latest data from the Commission on Higher Education

(CHED).The figure is about 8% of the total number of college students in the country.CHED

said working students today are mostly into food service, entertainment and sales, apart from

their usual stints as library and research assistants."Dahil sa financial crisis, kailangan nila ng

extra income," said lawyer Julito Vitriolo, officer-in-charge at CHED's office of the executive

director.Vitriolo added that these students are forced to work because of higher commodity
prices and tuition fees.Jerry Rontal, who delivers oxygen tanks in a hospital. Rontal is currently

taking up Criminology, and needs to pay a tuition fee of P24,000 for this semester.The amount

does not include expenses for books, uniform and public transport. "Gusto kong umangat sa

hirap. Kakayanin po, kailangan po eh. Kung hindi ako kikilos, walang mangyayari," Rontal said.

Despite their efforts, the pressure to balance work and school is just too much for many working

students. The CHED said that only 50% of working students get to finish college, as many

cannot cope and cannot concentrate on their studies, while some have poor health, while others

give up because of insufficient funds. CHED advised working students to get jobs that are not

that demanding, and that are more closely related to their courses. -- Report from Bernadette

Sembrano, ABS-CBN News.

A study also in Santa Rosa Campus stated a common problem that is related to the

current study, the study deals with the Academic Performance of Selected Working Students in

Polytechnic University of the Philippines, Santa Rosa Campus. One of the negative effects

typically arise because hours spent at work take time away from studying which may lead to

lower grades and less attractive post college opportunities. In educational institutions, success is

measured by academic performance, or how well a student meets standards set out by local

government and the institution itself. As career competition grows ever fiercer in the working

world, the importance of students doing well in school has caught the attention of parents,

legislators and government education departments alike. Although education is not the only road

to success in the working world, much effort is made to identify, evaluate, track and encourage

the progress of students in schools.

The problems mentioned from above is relate to the present study because there are also

schools in Bislig City which also have working while studying students. An example of this is
Dela Salle John Bosco College which offers Sunday High school for those students who has

part-time job.

In addition, Lazarus & Cohen 1977 said, “Stressors are demands made by the internal or

external environment that upset balance, thus affecting physical and psychological well-being

and requiring action to restore balance”. The work is a stressor that upset balance affecting the

academic performance. That is why the researchers came up to an idea to make evidence, if

having part time job can affect the academic performance of a student in Dela Salle John Bosco

College (DSJBC).

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The purpose of this study is to know the academic performance of the working students

at Dela Salle John Bosco College (DLSJBC) School Year 2018-2019. The study aims to answer

the following questions;

 What are the factors affecting the academic performance of the working students at Dela

Salle John Bosco College (DLSJBC) School Year 2018-2019?

 What are the advantages and disadvantages of having part-time jobs while studying?

 What is the performance of the working students academically at Dela Salle John Bosco

College (DLSJBC) School Year 2018-2019?

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The objective of this study is to know the academic performance of the working students

at Dela Salle John Bosco College (DLSJBC) School Year 2018-2019. At the end of the study, it

aims to achieve the following;

  To determine the factors affecting the academic performance of the working students at

Dela Salle John Bosco College (DLSJBC).

 To identify the advantages and disadvantages of working while studying.

 To know the academic performances of the working students; and

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The result of this study is beneficial to the following:

STUDENTS. Aware on what will be the possible outcome if ever the students plan to

become a working student and will know the advantages and disadvantages.

TEACHERS. Recognize the situation of the working students. This will also help the

teachers provide encouragement and proper guidance to the working students academically.

PARENTS/ GUARDIANS. Distinguish the condition of the students and know their

performances in school.

FUTURE RESEARCHERS. The result of this study will serve as a reference material

and a guide who wish to conduct the same study.

SCOPE AND DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY

In general, the focus of this study is directed towards knowing the Factors affecting the

academic performance of the working students at Dela Salle John Bosco College (DLSJBC)

School Year 2018-2019.

There are four major subjects in the first semester that are to be collected namely English,

Mathematics, Science and Filipino to determine the students’ academic performances. Therefore,

the respondents of this study are the Sunday High School Students who are mostly have part-
time jobs at Dela Salle John Bosco College located at Mangagoy, Bislig City. The study limits

also to those who are currently enrolled as Sunday High school student and those who are

present at the conduct of the study. This study is largely dependent on the honesty, sincerity and

integrity of the respondents.

This study is delimited on identifying the academic performances of the working students

if it is Excellent, Outstanding, Satisfactory and Failed. It is also to know the advantages and

disadvantages of a working student. Another delimitation of the study is to determine the factors

affecting the academic performance of the working students at Dela Salle John Bosco College

(DLSJBC).

DEFINITION OF TERMS

WORKING STUDENT- a program that let students hold part-time job while studying

SUNDAY HIGH SCHOOL- a program that school times are only on Sunday.

UNDERGRADUATES- a student at a college or university who has not yet earned a

degree

PART- TIME JOB- working or involving fewer hours than is considered normal or

standard

FULL- TIME JOB- working with the amount of time considered the normal or standard

amount for working during a given period.

ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE- is the extent to which a student has achieved their

educational goals.

TEACHERS- the tutors/ mentors of the students.

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

FIGURE 1. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK OF THE RESEARCH.

INPUT

 The factors affecting the academic performance of the working student at

De La Salle John Bosco College.
 The Advantages and disadvantages of working while studying.
 The academic performances of the students.

PROCESS

 Plan the date and time to conduct of the study.

 Make a survey Questionnaire
 Collect the data from the respondents.
 Get the academic performance record.
 Summarize, analyze and interpret the data.
 Make a conclusion.

OUTPUT

Factors Affecting the Academic Performance of the working students at De La

Salle John Bosco College

As shown in Figure 1, it focused on knowing the factors affecting the Academic

Performances of working students at De La Salle John Bosco College (DLSJBC) using the IPO

(Input, Process, and Output) Format. As shown in table, the researchers will identify, know and

determine the factors affecting the Academic Performances of working students and gather and

collect the data to make an output with regards on factors affecting the Academic Performances

of working students at De La Salle John Bosco College (DLSJBC).

 CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This chapter focuses on the review of literature and the related studies on the Academic

performance of the working students.

Related Literature

Foreign Literature

The effects on students of working in a part-time job while at school constitute the

subject of this report. Although it is widely recognized that many students are employed part-

time out of school hours, little is known about the consequences of such employment. It has

been shown that around one quarter to one third of Australian secondary school students

regularly hold part-time jobs during the school year (Robinson, 1996). Many students are having

their part-time jobs to supply their daily needs. According to International Labor Organization

(2003), part time job is a form of employment that carries fewer hours per week than full time

job. Workers are considered to be part-time if they commonly work fewer than 30 or 35 hours

per week.

Noble (2006), students’ academic accomplishments and activities, perceptions of their

coping strategies and positive attributions, and background characteristics (i.e., family income,

parents’ level of education, guidance from parents and number of negative situations in the

home) were indirectly related to their composite scores, through academic achievement in high

school. The students face a lot of problems in developing positive study attitudes and study

habits. Guidance is of the factor through which a student can improve his study attitudes and
study habits and is directly proportional to academic achievement. The students who are properly

guided by their parents have performed well in the exams. The guidance from the parents

indirectly affect the performance of the students (Hussain, 2006).

The benchmark reference can be considered the Theory of the Allocation of Time (Becker,

1965), where it can be inferred a negative impact of employment activities during university on

academic performance due to the trade-off between the time dedicated to study and working

time. Nevertheless, there might not be necessarily a negative relationship between working and

academic achievement in case of an efficient organization of working/studying schedule (such as

choice of not compulsory lessons, flexibility in academic planning schedule, etc). Also the trade-

off between working and studying could be reduced by substituting working time with leisure,

rather than with hours of study (Dundes and Marx, 2006, Butler, 2007). The achievement of

students is negatively correlated with the low financial status of parents because it hinders the

individual in gaining access to sources and resources of learning (Duke, 2000; Eamon, 2005;

Lopez, 1995). Low financial status strongly affects the achievement of students, dragging them

down to a lower level (Sander, 2001). This effect is most visible at the post-secondary level

(Trusty, 2000). It is also observed that the economically disadvantaged parents are less able to

afford the cost of education of their children at higher levels and consequently they do not work

at their fullest potential (Rouse & Barrow, 2006).

Feinstein et al.’s (2007) study, pays particular attention to personal and social outcomes

of study, including, particularly, improvements in skills such as writing and communications and

also to earn money while still learning. Personal development, greater self-confidence and

sustaining personal needs were also reported as important outcomes of studying.

 On the other hand, other studies concluded (Astin, 1975) that only on-campus

employment had a positive influence on academic performance. Astin reported that the effects of

on-campus employment were characterized as positive in nature, while off campus student

employment is associated with lower GPA. The positive effects of on-campus employment are

due to enhanced integration with the institution, including involvement with other students and

with faculty (Furr and Elling, 2000). In addition, on campus jobs often include responsibilities

with academic components.

Local Literature

According to Freeman in Cebu, Philippines - The life of a student is not easy. The ones

who are naturally slow have to keep up with the rest of the class. And even the ones with

superior learning abilities are pressured to stay at the top. The student’s situation is daunting

enough. Yet not as daunting as when the student has something equally important to busy him or

herself with. Many students have to do jobs in order to see themselves through school - the

working students.

If the term "working student" does not seem to elicit sympathetic feeling anymore, it may

be because the number of these extraordinarily hard-pressed young people have grown so much

that they have already become commonplace. Or, in a poor country like the Philippines, working

students have come to be expected; otherwise, young people would only seal their fate in the

poverty they were born into.

According to the National Statistics Coordination Board (NSCB) published that the full-

time workers in July 2010 recorded a share of 64.3 percent of the total employed while the part-
time workers, 35.0 percent. The number of underemployed persons in July 2010 was estimated at

6.5 million, placing the current underemployment rate at 17.9 percent. More than half (58.1%) of

the total underemployed were reported as visibly underemployed or working less than 40 hours

during the reference week. Those working for 40 hours or more accounted for 40.4 percent. Most

of the underemployed were working in the agriculture sector (46.7%) and services sector

(37.8%). The underemployed in the industry sector accounted for 15.5 percent.

MANILA, Philippines - About 216,000 students in the country are currently juggling

school and work, according to latest data from the Commission on Higher Education

(CHED).The figure is about 8% of the total number of college students in the country. CHED

said working students today are mostly into food service, entertainment and sales, apart from

their usual stints as library and research assistants."Dahil sa financial crisis, kailangan nilang

extra income," said lawyer Julito Vitriolo, officer-in-charge at CHED's office of the executive

director. Vitriolo added that these students are forced to work because of higher commodity

prices and tuition fees. Jerry Rontal, who delivers oxygen tanks in a hospital. Rontal is currently

taking up Criminology, and needs to pay a tuition fee of P24,000 for this semester.The amount

does not include expenses for books, uniform and public transport."Gusto kong umangat sa

hirap. Kakayanin po, kailangan po eh. Kung hindi ako kikilos, walang mangyayari," Rontal said.

Despite their efforts, the pressure to balance work and school is just too much for many working

students. The CHED said that only 50% of working students get to finish college, as many

cannot cope and cannot concentrate on their studies, while some have poor health, while others

give up because of insufficient funds. CHED advised working students to get jobs that are not

that demanding and that are more closely related to their courses. -- Report from Bernadette

Sembrano, ABS-CBN News.

 Foreign Studies

A study of Mussie T. Tessema1, Kathryn J. Ready &Marzie Astani in Winona State

University, Winona, USA about If really Part-Time Job Affect College Students’ Satisfaction

and Academic Performance (GPA)? A Case of a Mid-Sized Public University. They aimed to

While considerable research has been conducted to assess the effects of work on part-time job

(number of working hours) on many college outcomes such as GPA as measured by cumulative

grade point average. Besides, previous research has given little attention to the effect of part-

tome job (working hours) on students’ satisfaction. This study therefore intends to assess the

effect of part-time job on both students’ satisfaction and academic achievement (GPA) using a

large sample size (N=5223).

The results of their study are student employment impacts GPA positively, when students

do work fewer than 10 hours. Thus, student employment may not always be detrimental to

academic performance, as measured by GPA. However, when students work for more than 11

hours a week, GPAs were found to decline for each additional category of work, although the

change is very small. This finding is consistent with most of the prior studies (Humphery, 2006;

Hunt et al., 2004; Tuttle et al., 2005; Curtis, 2007; Metcalf, 2003; Curtis, 2007). That is, the more

hours students work, the greater the likelihood of negative effects on student satisfaction and

GPA. That is, as working hours per week increases (beyond 11 hours a week), students’

satisfaction and GPA decreases. One of their illustration partly contradicts the conclusions drawn

from Coleman’s zero-sum time-allocation theory that assumes that time spent on working may

lead to reduced time spent on studying, which subsequently reduces GPA. As clearly revealed

about 79 percent of the respondents were working while studying. The high percentage of

students working also reflects the national trend of 80 percent of American undergraduates
working while attending college (King, 2006). Thus, an important implication of the current

study is that if the overwhelming majority of college students are working, knowing the effect of

work (the number of working hours) on students’ satisfaction and GPA is critical for different

stakeholders such as counselors, academic advisors, administrators, students, and parents. The

results of their empirical study indicate that work had a negative impact on students’ satisfaction

and academic performance (GPA), although practically was very minimal.

Another related study conducted by Safrul Muluk (2017) at the Universitas Islam

NegeriAr-Raniry Banda Aceh, Indonesia. Their study is aimed at investigating the effects of

students’ employment on their academic achievement. Various factors considered to have effects

of students’ academic achievement are explored. This includes the type of jobs, the time spent on

part-time job, students’ GPA, and the time needed to finish their studies. In their study, it can be

concluded that working part time job do not have any significant effect on students’ academic

performance. The results of their GPA, despite working outside university, were still high.

Nevertheless, majority of students involved in part time job up to 20 hours per week finish their

study in nine semesters or more. Working part-time has an effect on the time of study completion

and the students’ stress level as well. Furthermore, the common reasons mentioned by

respondents in relation to why they need to take part time job are due to income needs to fulfill

their education needs such as tuition fees, or school stuffs and looking for experience to advance

their skills in the future.

Local Studies

According to the study of Department of Industrial Engineering and Operations

Research, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City and Department of Industrial
Engineering, Technological Institute of the Philippines, Cubao, Quezon City byYoshiki B.

Kurataa, Rose Marie Lou P. Banob, Aura C. Matias about the Effects of workload on academic

performance among working students in an undergraduate engineering program. They aimed to

investigate the effect of overall workload to academic performance of working engineering

students as basis of strategies that may help the students better adapt in situations requiring high

workload. Their research can serve as a basis in the creation of instructional content, course

design, and physical characteristics of instructional materials and as well as advised unit load

suitable for working engineering students. By understanding the relationship of workload and

academic performance, concepts of physical and cognitive ergonomics can help educators assess,

plan, design and implement measures to support students.

Findings from their research revealed that there is indeed a significant relationship

between overall workload of a working engineering student to their academic performance. This

finding suggests that any moderating factors affecting workload can have an effect to the

students’ academic performance as well. Any changes and alteration in lifestyle, health,

academic unit load, and current year standing can influence academic performance due to its

physiological and psychosocial effects to learning. The comparative analysis of GWA and

NASA-TLX rating of working and non-working students yield a significant difference implying

that the two groups have different workloads and academic results. In working students, they

have higher workload while their academic performance is lower compared to non-working

students. It is also worth noting that standard deviation of workload is high in working students

due to the difference with regards to moderating factors in a group (full-time versus part-time) or

in the individual level (male and female). High level of workload in an academic setting needs

awareness. So the study suggested the administration to consider the effects of workload to
academic performance including physical and psychosocial factors in maximizing the student’s

potential in learning. Therefore, assessment and evaluation of the moderating factors must be

considered to properly address the issue of subject retakes. With this, the number of quality

graduates every year may potentially increase.

 CHAPTER 3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter contains the research design, population and sampling, respondents and

locale of the study, research instruments and the statistical tools of the data in conducting a

research.

RESEARCH DESIGN

Research design is a conceptual structure that researchers apply to the collection,

measurement and analysis of data that is meant to be used in the investigation of his/ her study

problem (Cooper & Schindler 2005; Kothari 2004). A study without a well thought research

design has the potential of being inefficient or finally leading to conclusions that are inaccurate

and/ or misleading. Therefore the importance of a research design in the current study shouldn’t

be downplayed.

In the present study, the research used the descriptive research design. The researchers

believed that this design can help them explain and describe further the current study. In

addition, the descriptive research design includes the deeper and adds additional knowledge

about the description of the effect of academic performances of the working students, narrate

how this research problem arises and how the researchers manage to responds and answer the

problem.
RESPONDENTS OF THE STUDY

The population of the current study is the working Sunday high school students of Dela

Salle John Bosco College (DLSJBC). It includes three grade levels namely Grade 8, 9, and 10.

There is only small population of working high school student so the researchers used the Quota

sampling for the present study. The researchers only have to get the sample member which has

the characteristics of being a working Sunday high school students.

RESEARCH LOCALE

The researchers choose Dela Salle John Bosco College (DLSJBC) located at Purok-3

John Bosco District, Managoy, Bislig City, Surigao del Sur. It was established in 1963 by the

Don Bosco Fathers, and it was named Dela Salle John Bosco College on February 2007. The

school current President is Mr. Pablo N. Jordan, Jr., PhD. The test in the present study will be

conducted in the mentioned institution.

RESEARCH INSTRUMENT

The instrument used by the researchers in getting the primary data was a research- made

questionnaire. It consist the student primary identity, name, age, grade and section, and gender.

The questionnaire has 3 parts: The Grades of the Working students in the first semester, the

advantage and disadvantage of being a working student, and the factors affecting the academic

performance of the Sunday high school students.

In obtaining the secondary data, the researchers gathered the school documents of those

who responded in the questionnaire. The documents that will be collected are their grade in first

semester including the Science, English, Mathematics and Filipino. It is necessary to obtain the

secondary sources due to the assumption that the students would be reluctant to willingly and

objectively respond to items that involve their academic performances.

DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURE

The researchers follow the following procedure in collecting the data:

1. Plan the date and time of the conduct and the collection of data

2. Make a letter to be presented in the Sunday High School Teachers, Head of the Sunday

High Schools, Schools’ Registrar’s office and in the School Presidents as a permission of

the conduct of the study and also for the collection of grades of the selected students.

3. After the letter was approved, collection of the data will proceed. Copies of final

questionnaire will be distributed to various classes and serve as a primary data.

 4. Encourage the students to answer the questionnaire but if they don’t want to, they have

the right no to respond.

5. Summarize and analyze the data collected. After it, extract a conclusion for the study.

STATISTICAL TOOL

The researchers make us of the descriptive statistic in analyzing the data gathered; it

specifically includes mean, percentage and frequency.

The formula in getting the mean is:

∑
̅=

Where: ̅ = mean

∑ = total number of chosen answer

N = number of respondents

While the formula in getting the percentage is:

P = B/R * 100

Where: =

B = is the base

R = is the rate
In describing the qualitative secondary data of the respondents the range below was used:

RANGE DESCRIPTIONS REMARKS

90 - 100 Outstanding Passed

85 - 89 Very Satisfactory Passed

80 -84 Fairly Satisfactory Passed

75 – 79 Satisfactory Passed

Below 75 Did not meet expectations Failed

Table 3.1. The grading system and its descriptions

 CHAPTER 4

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

Presentation, Analysis, and Interpretation of the results from the test conducted about this

study are presented in this chapter.

The researchers conducted a survey regarding on the factors that affect the academic

performance of the Sunday high school working students. The table below shows the academic

grades of the Sunday High School Students.

Table 4.1 The Academic Grades of the Sunday High School Students.

SUBJECT MEAN DESCRIPTIONS REMARKS

ENGLISH 85 Very Satisfactory Passed

MATH 84 Fairly Satisfactory Passed

FILIPINO 85 Very Satisfactory Passed

SCIENCE 85 Very Satisfactory Passed

Table 4.1 shows the academic grades of the Sunday High School working students at De

La Salle John Bosco College. It can be seen in the table that the respondents in the English,

Filipino and Science Subject, they got an average of 85 which is devoted Very Satisfactory.

While the average grade of the student in Math is 84 which is marked Fairly Satisfactory. This

means that all of the students are competent and got a passing grade on the first semester.
 On the other hand, although they got a passing score, the mathematics subject has the

lowest average in the four core subjects. Some of the student- respondents have difficulties on

this subject which result to a lower grade than the other subjects.

This result is supported by a study conducted by Safrul Muluk (2017) at the Universitas

Islam NegeriAr-Raniry Banda Aceh, Indonesia which aimed at investigating the effects of

students’ employment on their academic achievement. In their study, it concluded that having

part time jobs do not have any significant effect on students’ academic performance. The result

of their general average, despite working outside university, was still high.

Tablee 4.2 The Advantages of Being a Working Student in Dela Salle John Bosco.

Frequency Percentage

Advantages of being a working student. 36 97%

Earn money to sustain personal needs. 28 77%

Pay tuition fees. 24 65%

Help parents for the family’s need 26 70%

Earning while learning 24 65%

Table 4.2 shows the advantages of being a working student. As shown in the table above,

there were 36 out of 37 respondents said that there are advantages of being a working student.

From the factors listed, earning money to sustain personal needs has 77% of the total

respondents, next to it is helping the parents for the family’s needs gaining 70%, lastly is paying

tuition fees and earning while learning which gains 65%.

 This was supported by Feinstein et al.’s (2007) study, which pays particular attention to

personal and social outcomes of study, including particularly, improvements in skills such as

writing and communications and also to earn money while still learning. Personal development,

greater self-confidence and sustaining personal needs were also reported as important outcomes

of studying.

Table 4.3 Disadvantages of Being a Working Student in Dela Salle John Bosco College.

Frequency Percentage

Disadvantages of being a working student 29 78%

Manage time for school and work. 22 59%

Can’t participate well because of tiredness. 10 27%

Affect the performance in school. 15 41%

The table 4.3 shows the disadvantages of being a working student. As shown in the table

above, 29 out of 37 respondents said that there are disadvantages of being a working student.

Managing time for school and work gains 59% of the total population, while when it affect the

performances in school gains 41% and lastly is, can’t participate well because of tiredness gains

27% of the population.

 YES NO
FACTORS Percentage Percentage
(Frequency) (Frequency)

1. Family Stress 18 48.65 % 19 51.35 %

2. Learning facilities 19 51.35 % 18 43.65 %

3. Community Distance 21 56.76 % 16 43.24 %

4. Insufficient basic knowledge 20 54.05 % 17 45.95 %

5. Parent’s inadequate income 23 62.16 % 14 37.84 %

6. Lack of achievement motivation 11 29.73 % 26 70.27 %

7. Negative study attitudes 12 32.43 % 25 67.57 %

8. Financial Status 28 75.68 % 9 24.32 %

9. Improper Guidance 23 62.16 % 14 37.84 %

10. Health Problems 11 29.73 % 26 70.27 %

Table 4.4 Factors affecting the academic performances of the Working students at De La Salle John
Bosco College

The data presented, in figure 4.3 shows the percentage of the factors that affect the

performances of the student. From above, it clearly shows that the financial status (75.68%) is

the biggest factor that affects the academic performances of the student. Second to it are the

parents’ inadequate income and the improper guidance which gained 62.16%. Next is the

Community Distance with 56.76%, then the Insufficient Basic knowledge that has 54.05%. This

was followed by the Learning facilities with 51.35%, then the Family Stress gaining 48.65% and

the negative study attitudes with 32.43%. And the lowest factors are the Health Problems and

Lack f achievement motivation having 29.73%.

 This was supported by Duke, 2000; Eamon, 2005; Lopez, 1995, they said that the

achievement of students is negatively correlated with the low financial status of parents because

it hinders the individual in gaining access to sources and resources of learning. Low financial

status strongly affects the achievement of students, dragging them down to a lower level. It is

also observed that the economically disadvantaged parents are less able to afford the cost of

education of their children at higher levels. So it clearly says that the financial status is one of the

biggest factors of the students’ performances.

 CHAPTER 5

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Presented in this chapter are the summary of findings of the study, conclusions arrived at

and recommendation of the researchers.

SUMMARY

This research aims to know the factors affecting the academic performances of the

Sunday High school working students at De La Salle John Bosco College.

Specifically, this study sought to answer the following questions:

1. What are the factors affecting the academic performance of the working students at Dela

Salle John Bosco College (DLSJBC) School Year 2018-2019?

2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of having part-time jobs while studying?

3. What is the performance of the working students academically at Dela Salle John Bosco

College (DLSJBC) School Year 2018-2019?

The respondents of the study are the Sunday High School Working Students in De La Salle

John Bosco College for academic year 2018 – 2019. The respondents are from Grade 8 to Grade

10. In getting the data, researchers used a research- made questionnaire. Researchers used a

descriptive method and Quota Sampling.

FINDINGS

Based on the interpreted data, the following findings are given:

1. In the factors that affect the academic performance of the working students, the financial

status is the first factor gaining 28 yes or 75.68%. Next to it are the parents’ inadequate

income and the improper guidance which gained 62.16% out of 100%.

2. In the advantages and disadvantages of having part-time jobs while studying 36 out of 37

respondents said that there are advantages of being a working student such as to earn

money to sustain personal needs, pay tuition fees, help parents for the family’s need, and

also to earn money while learning.

3. In the finding on the Academic Grades of the Students, English Subject got an average of

85%, 84% in Math, 85% in Filipino, and 85% in Science. This means that all of the

students are competent and passed on the first semester.

CONCLUSION

The results of the study concluded the following:

1. Based on the findings, financial status has the biggest factor that affects the academic

performances of the student. Next to it are the inadequate parents’ income and the

improper guidance.
 2. Based on the result, most of the students said that being a working student has advantages

like to earn money to sustain personal needs, pay tuition fees, help parents for the

family’s need, and also to earn money while learning.

3. Based on the result, the Academic Grades of the Students in English, Math, Science and

Filipino passed the average.

RECOMMENDATION

Through the results, findings, and conclusions, the researchers recommended the

following:

1. Since being a working student have advantages and disadvantages, the students that

are in the state of poverty would take this opportunity that is offered by the school.

2. Parents of the Sunday high school working students should continue to encourage and

guide their children properly.

3. Teachers of Sunday high school working students should also understand the status of

their students in terms of their academic performance.

 REFERENCES

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 APPENDIX A

THE ACADEMIC GRADES OF THE SUNDAY HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS

SUBJECT MEAN DESCRIPTIONS REMARKS

ENGLISH 85 Very Satisfactory Passed

MATH 84 Fairly Satisfactory Passed

FILIPINO 85 Very Satisfactory Passed

SCIENCE 85 Very Satisfactory Passed

Formula:

∑
̅=

English Math Filipino Science

∑ ∑ ∑ ∑
̅= ̅= ̅= ̅=

∑ ∑ ∑ ∑
̅= ̅= ̅= ̅=

̅ = 85 ̅ =84 ̅ =85 =85

 APPENDIX A

THE ADVANTAGES OF BEING A WORKING STUDENT AT DE LA SALLE JOHN

BOSCO COLLEGE

Frequency Percentage

Advantages of being a working student. 36 97%

Earn money to sustain personal needs. 28 77%

Pay tuition fees. 24 65%

Help parents for the family’s need 26 70%

Earning while learning 24 65%

Formula:

P = B/R * 100

Advantages of working student Earn money to sustain personal needs Pay tuition fees.

P = 36/ 37 * 100 P = 28/ 37 * 100 P = 24/ 37 * 100

P = .9729 * 100 P = .7567 * 100 P = .6486 * 100

P = 97.29% P = 75.67% P = 64.86%

Help parents for the family’s need Earning while learning

P = 26/ 37 * 100 P = 24/ 37 * 100

P = .7027 * 100 P = .6486 * 100

P = 70. 27% P = 64.86%

 APPENDIX A

THE DISADVANTAGES OF BEING A WORKING STUDENT AT DE LA SALLE JOHN

BOSCO COLLEGE

Frequency Percentage

Disadvantages of being a working student 29 78%

Manage time for school and work. 22 59%

Can’t participate well because of tiredness. 10 27%

Affect the performance in school. 15 41%

Formula:

P = B/R * 100

Disadvantages of being a working student Manage time for school and work

P = 29/ 37 * 100 P =22/ 37 * 100

P= .7837* 100 P= .5945* 100

P= 78.37% P= 59.45%

Can’t participate well because of tiredness Affect the performance in school.

P = 10/ 37 * 100 P = 15/ 37 * 100

P= .2702* 100 P= .4054* 100

P= 27.02% P= 40.54%
 APPENDIX A

FACTORS AFFECTING THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCES OF THE WORKING

STUDENTS AT DE LA SALLE JOHN BOSCO COLLEGE

YES NO
FACTORS PERCENTAGE PERCENTAGE
(Frequency) (Frequency)
Family Stress 18 48.65 % 19 51.35 %
Learning facilities 19 51.35 % 18 43.65 %
Community Distance 21 56.76 % 16 43.24 %
Insufficient basic knowledge 20 54.05 % 17 45.95 %
Parent’s inadequate income 23 62.16 % 14 37.84 %
Lack of achievement
11 29.73 % 26 70.27 %
motivation
Negative study attitudes 12 32.43 % 25 67.57 %
Financial Status 28 75.68 % 9 24.32 %
Improper Guidance 23 62.16 % 14 37.84 %
Health Problems 11 29.73 % 26 70.27 %

Formula:

P = B/R * 100

Family Stress Learning facilities Community Distance

P =18/ 37 * 100 P =19/ 37 * 100 P =21/ 37 * 100

P= .4865* 100 P= .5135* 100 P= .5676* 100

P= 48.65% P= 51.35% P= 56.76%

No = 100 – 48.65 No = 100- 51.35 No = 100 – 56.76

No = 51.35% No = 43.65% No = 43.24%

Insufficient basic knowledge Parent’s inadequate income

P =20/ 37 * 100 P =23/ 37 * 100

P= .5405* 100 P= .6216* 100

P= 54.05% P= 62.16%

No = 100 – 54.05 No = 100- 62.16

No = 45.95% No = 37.84%
Lack of achievement motivation Negative study attitudes Financial Status

P =11/ 37 * 100 P =12/ 37 * 100 P =28/ 37 * 100

P= .2973* 100 P= .3243* 100 P= .7568* 100

P= 29.73% P= 32.43% P= 75.68%

No = 100 – 29.73 No = 100- 32.43 No = 100 – 75.68

No = 70.27% No = 67.57% No = 24.32%

Improper Guidance Health Problems

P =23/ 37 * 100 P =11/ 37 * 100

P= .6216* 100 P= .2973* 100

P= 62.16% P= 29.73%

No = 100 – 62.16 No = 100- 29.73

No = 37.84% No = 70.27%
 APPENDIX B

TEST QUESTIONNAIRE

I.
Indicate your grades for the 1st semester of the following subjects:
English __________ Filipino __________
Math __________ Science __________

II. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

1. Are there advantages of being a working student?
( ) Yes ( ) No

If yes, what could be the advantages of being a working student? (Check as many as you can)
( ) Earn money to sustain personal needs.
( ) Pay tuition fees
( ) Help parents for the family’s need
( ) Earning while learning
Other’s please specify: __________________

2. Are there disadvantages of being a working student?

( ) Yes ( ) No

If yes, what could be the disadvantages of being a working student? (Check as many as you can)
( ) Manage time for school and work
( ) Can’t participate well because of tiredness
( ) Affect the performance in school
Other’s please specify: __________________

III. FACTORS AFFECTING

FACTORS YES NO
11. Family Stress
12. Learning facilities
13. Community Distance
14. Insufficient basic knowledge
15. Parent’s inadequate income
16. Lack of achievement motivation
17. Negative study attitudes
18. Financial Status
19. Proper Guidance
20. Health Problems
 APPENDIX C

Saint Vincent de Paul Diocesan College

Andres Soriano Avenue, Mangagoy, Bislig City
Basic Education Department
S.Y. 2018-2019

February 14, 2019

PABLO N. JORDAN, Ph.D.

School Principal
Dela Salle John Bosco College
Thru: ESTRELITA DATWIN
Sunday High School, Coordinator
Dela Salle John Bosco College

Sir;
We, the Grade 11 Accountancy Business and Management (ABM) students from Saint Vincent de Paul
Diocesan College (SVPDC) are currently working a research survey titled “Factors Affecting the Academic
Performances of the Sunday High School Working Students at De La Salle John Bosco College S.Y 2018-
2019” in fulfillment of our Practical Research 1 subject.

In line with this, we would like to ask permission from your good office to allow us conduct a survey related to
the present study. Moreover, we need to get the academic performance of the chosen respondents as part of the
data needed for the interpretation and analysis. Rest assured that the data gathered will be treated with utmost
confidentiality.

Hoping for a favorable response.

Thank You and God bless!

Attached herewith is the questionnaire of the researchers for your reference.

Respectfully yours,

JULIUS ANDREW P. YBAÑEZ

VANNAH MAE G. DALAGAN
MICHELLE C. DALUGDOG
BEA KHYRSS M. MONDOYO
ARAVI M. SAPLAD
Researchers

Noted by:

GILBERT J. CONDE
Research Adviser
 APPENDIX D

CURRICULUM VITAE

Name : MICHELLE CUATON DALUGDOG

Home Address : P- 4 Sto. Thomas St., Poblacion, Bislig City
Age : 22
Date of Birth : January 12, 1997
Place of Birth : Poblacion, Bislig City
Parent : Silvera Cuaton Dalugdog

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Primary : BISLIG CENTRAL ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

Poblacion, Bislig City, Surigao del Sur
March 2013
Secondary
Junior High : DE LA SALLE JOHN BOSCO COLLEGE
Mangagoy, Bislig City, Surigao del Sur
March 2018
Senior High : SAINT VINCENT DE PAUL DIOCESAN COLLEGE
Mangagoy, Bislig City, Surigao del Sur
Accountancy and Business Management (ABM)
 CURRICULUM VITAE

Name : JULIUS ANDREW PAYNANDOS YBAÑEZ

Home Address : 3504 P-5 John Bosco Dist., Mangagoy, Bislig City
Age : 17
Date of Birth : July 24, 2001
Place of Birth : Mangagoy, Bislig City
Parents : Alger Elcarte Ybañez
Emelita Podes Paynandos

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Primary : MANGAGOY HILLTOP ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

Mangagoy, Bislig City, Surigao del Sur
March 2014
Secondary
Junior High : TABON M. ESTRELLA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Tabon, Bislig City, Surigao del Sur
March 2018
Senior High : SAINT VINCENT DE PAUL DIOCESAN COLLEGE
Mangagoy, Bislig City, Surigao del Sur
Accountancy and Business Management (ABM)
 CURRICULUM VITAE

Name : VANNAH MAE GRANADEROS DALAGAN

Home Address : P-10 Sug-obon, Tabon, Bislig City
Age : 17
Date of Birth : January 5, 2002
Place of Birth : Tabon, Bislig City
Parents : Jennifer Cadungog Dalagan
Merjorie Panchito Grandaros

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Primary : SAN VICENTE II ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

San Vicente II, Tagbina, Surigao del Sur
March 2014
Secondary
Junior High : SAN VICENTE II NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
San Vicente II, Tagbina, Surigao del Sur
March 2018
Senior High : SAINT VINCENT DE PAUL DIOCESAN COLLEGE
Mangagoy, Bislig City, Surigao del Sur
Accountancy and Business Management (ABM)
 CURRICULUM VITAE

Name : BEA KHRYSS MACAMAY MONDOYO

Home Address : P-15 Core Shelter, Bislig City
Age : 17
Date of Birth : December 25, 2001
Place of Birth : Mangagoy, Bislig City
Parents : Alvin Cajegas Mondoyo
Sharon Damas Macamay

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Primary : SAINT VINCENT DE PAUL DIOCESAN COLLEGE

Mangagoy, Bislig City, Surigao del Sur
March 2014
Secondary
Junior High : SAINT VINCENT DE PAUL DIOCESAN COLLEGE
Mangagoy, Bislig City, Surigao del Sur
March 2018
Senior High : SAINT VINCENT DE PAUL DIOCESAN COLLEGE
Mangagoy, Bislig City, Surigao del Sur
Accountancy and Business Management (ABM)
 CURRICULUM VITAE

Name : ARAVI MANTUA SAPLAD

Home Address : P-6 Forest Drive Village, San Roque, Bislig City
Age : 16
Date of Birth : April 06, 2002
Place of Birth : San Roque, Bislig City
Parents : Alfonso Selidio Saplad, Jr.

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Primary : SAN ROQUE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

San Roque, Bislig City, Surigao del Sur
March 2014
Secondary
Junior High : MAHARLIKA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Maharlika, Bislig City, Surigao del Sur
March 2018
Senior High : SAINT VINCENT DE PAUL DIOCESAN COLLEGE
Mangagoy, Bislig City, Surigao del Sur
Accountancy and Business Management (ABM)