HOISTING SYSTEM (SISTEMA DE ELEVACION)

The hoisting system is a large pulley system which is used to lower

and raise equipment into and out of the well. In particular, the hoisting
system is used to raise and lower the drillstring and casing into and out
of the well.

On larger diameter lines, traveling block loads of over a million pounds

are possible.

The components parts of the hoisting system are shown in Figure 3.

The drawworks consists of a large revolving drum, around which a wire

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rope (drilling line) is spooled. The drum of the drawworks is connected
to an electric motor and gearing system. The driller controls the
drawworks with a clutch and gearing system when lifting equipment out
of the well and a brake (friction and electric) when running equipment
into the well.

The drilling line is threaded (reeved) over a set of sheaves in the top of
the derrick, known as the crown block and down to another set of
sheaves known as the travelling block. A large hook with a snap-shut
locking device is suspended from the travelling block. This hook is
used to suspend the drillstring. A set of clamps, known as the

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elevators, used when running, or pulling, the drillstring or casing into or
out of the hole, are also connected to the travelling block.

. The winch operator must stay at winch at all times when a person is
being hoisted, held in position, or lowered.

Having reeved the drilling line around the crown block and travelling
block, one end of the drilling line is secured to an anchor point
somewhere below the rig floor.Since this line does not move it is called
the deadline. The other end of the drilling line is wound onto the
drawworks and is called the fastline. The drilling line is usually reeved
around the blocks several times. The tensile strength of the drilling line

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and the number of times it is reeved through the blocks will depend on
the load which must be supported by the hoisting system. It can be
seen from Figure 3 that the tensile load (lbs.) on the drilling line, and
therefore on the fast line, Ff and dead line Fd in a frictionless system
can be determined from the total load supported by the drilling lines, W
(lbs.) and the number of lines, N reeved around the crown and
travelling block:

Very drilling rig is required to have a Hoisting System that helps in

either lowering or raising necessary equipment in or out of the hole.
The Hoisting System consists of three major components:

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  Derrick: This is a long steel tower used in the drilling rig to
provide vertical height which is required to raise or lower sections
of pipes into the hole. It is the most important identifiable symbol
on the drilling rig.
 Block & Tackle System: This is a system in the Hoisting System
that comprises of travelling block, crown block and the drilling
line. They are used to provide a mechanical advantage that helps
in handling large loads easily.
 Drawworks: The main operating component of the Hoisting
System. They are used to transmit power from prime movers to
the hoisting drum that lifts the casing, drilling string or tubing
string. They also transmit power to a rotary drive sprocket that
helps in driving a rotary table.

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When moving extremely bulky or heavy loads through overhead
spaces, overhead cranes which have great lifting capabilities are used.

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The movement of the crane is operated directly by an operator either
with wireless controls or wired pendant station or manually. These
cranes are generally used during the refinement of metals like steel,
copper and aluminum. The cranes are manufactured in different
configurations depending on applications:

 EOT Crane- The Electric Overhead Travelling Crane is most

popular kind of overhead crane used in most factories. These
cranes, as suggested by the name, are operated by radio remote
pendant, control pendant or an operator cabin attached to crane
itself.
 The Rotatory Overhead Crane is a kind of overhead crane that
has one end of the bridge which is positioned on fixed pivot and
the other end is supported on an annular track.

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 TEACHER: LIC. HERMINIO LIMACHI

STUDENT: RUBEN DARIO SUAREZ ROJAS

SEMESTER: 5TH SEMESTER “A”

MANAGEMENT: I/2018

COCHABAMBA-BOLIVIA

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