Name: Crispin Tanentoa

ID: 2016137984

1. Why NPD is considered to be an economically important activity?

New product development is considered an economically important activity because it
evaluate the new or improved product development by laying a clear roadmap on how to
successfully develop and market the innovation. It provides operation management to
organizational competiveness by reinventing what the organization do, including
developing new products, contribute to flexibility. It analyze whether the product will be
successful or not in the market place. NPD process optimize the cost for developing a
product and its demand in the competitive market.

2. What can the NPD manager do to ensure the best chances of success of a new
product, and how would you determine success?
To come up with a best strategy to execute the 4Ps and apply the tools and technique of
NPD include Taugchi method, FMEA and value analysis. Below are the responsibilities a
NPD manager can do in order to have high chance to succeed.

a) Identify an Opportunity and Generate a New Idea to Fill It

The manager must be able to identify and generate best idea to increase the company’s
revenue. If customers do not wants or needs your product, it is bound to fail.
Convincing them that the product is worth buying is the talent a manager should have.
The starting point for all product development should be to analyze the needs of current
and potential customers, their levels of satisfaction with what the competition is
offering, their consumption habits the technical possibilities for improving existing
products. Managers with ample experience and a strategic vision of the company, the
competition, the clients and the suppliers are key to this process.

b) Measure The Opportunity

After identifying factors affecting your product, see the opportunity that the product
will be successful in the competitive market. Once you have gathered information on
market trends and your strategic objectives, the next step is to analyze the segments that
the product is geared toward and predict future buying habits as much as possible.

c) Develop The Concept

The new product idea is refined to best serve the needs of potential clients and stand out
from the competition. How can this be achieved? Get opinions from leading users who
may foresee future needs in the market. Also, rely on a team with expertise in various
disciplines: design and production people for the technical requirements, marketing
experts for reaching customers’ and finance and management departments for
determining what funds are available.
The three golden aims in this phase are to satisfy the client, stand out from the
competition, and show the greatest potential for turning a profit.
Name: Crispin Tanentoa
ID: 2016137984

d) Testing
Testing is done with the product prototype. Analyzing its performance, reliability and
safety. It is also good to keep in mind that investing in cost reduction early can increase
profitability. Cutting product prices can increase market share, which in turn trims
distribution costs and discourages the competition.

e) Position and Launch

With the product designed and studied thoroughly, the next step is to decide on its
strategic positioning. How do you want potential customers perceive the product? This
stage needs to take into account economic, but also functional and emotional factors.
Traditionally, functional innovations were emphasized in new products. However, this
has become less sustainable in1the current climate, as technology advances allow
competitor’s to respond and new innovations to enter the market quickly. When price and
features of rival products are similar, differentiation is largely due to the emotional factor.
This is at the heart of the relevance of brand image, communication and the so-called
intangible attributes of a product.

3. What are the limitations of using reverse engineering?

Reverse engineering is the process by which an existing object is digitized so that it can
be reconstructed. It has a number of uses to meet company needs across industries:
mechanical, aerospace, manufacturing, medical. Though reverse engineering helps
recreate product, there are some limitation involve. The product that is to be reversed
engineered had not in decent condition due to wear and warping, which will make
scanning difficult. Another limitation is that the object is so complex in nature. The other
limitation is the stealing of intellectual property. Someone else might steal your original
work that you design under your right or copy right of the product. They might fully
customize it apart and analyze to rebuild copies of the original device.
In addition, One cannot fully dismantle or disassembly application to its original state
before compiling. It is very difficult to make anything of any disassembled application
from the source code.
Name: Crispin Tanentoa
ID: 2016137984

4. Why might modular design and use of standardize components compromise the
performance of the end product?
Modular design and standardization of components affects the actual design of the new
product due to manufacturing system and replacement of parts. Modular design allows
the new product to be manufactured at low cost with the existing tools by breaking the
whole system into modular. While standardization give the compatibility of the product
with other similar products in the market so that its components are replaceable. It might
compromise its performance because changes are done to the design like
 reduce and eliminate some features (for easy manufacturing)
 breaking the whole system into components (for independent manufacturing
process)
 some components are standardize to other similar product ( for easy maintenance
or replacement of broken parts)

5. How would modular design be applied to other industries? Ex. Would it be

appropriate for other vehicle design. Services? Construction? Manufacturing?
Modular design is becoming a popular system to all manufacturing industries nowadays.
This is because it make the development of the product easier and cheaper with many
benefits. Modular design has seen as a proper approach in the development of complex
system like vehicles etc. For example in vehicle design, modular design plays a vital role
in manufacturing each components of the vehicles. Make the development cost effective
and produce detail steps to build it. It makes maintenance service easier as well as
construction and manufacturing. Therefore, modular design can be applied to almost
every industries because of its nature.