Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
ADVERTISEMENTS:
This article throws light upon the top three time recording
techniques used in time study. The techniques are: 1. Stop
Watch Method 2. Time Recording Machine and 3. Motion
Picture Camera.
Time Recording Technique # 1. Stop Watch Method:
A mechanical stop with various specifications as shown in following
figures may be used for the measurement of elapsed time.
(ii) Time study board Brief description of each of these items is given
below.
The watch is started by moving slide (A) towards the stem and stopped
by moving the slide away from the stem. Pressure on crown (B) resets
the hand to zero. The use of this type of watch for time study purpose
is much more than that of the others.
ADVERTISEMENTS:
The upper small hand registers minutes upto a total of 30 and runs
continuously, while the lower small hand accumulates seconds upto
60 in a like manner. This watch is not fit for snap-nack method.
Other things which are questionable are speeds and feeds; tools their
design and type, equipment, quality of the product being produced,
product design, safety of the operator and equipment etc.
These information are a must and are very useful for records, setting
standard and the validity of the time study made. This data in no case
should be omitted.
(3) Machine and/or process time should always be separated and the
observer must identify the starting and stopping time of the machine
on the sheet.
(6) The choice of elements may be influenced by the ease with which
break points or, points separating the successive elements can be
observed or identified.
Thus the sound or some other factors affecting the observer’s senses
can be employed to designate the end of one element and the start of
the next element with accuracy. This is important when elements are
of short duration.
Division of the operation elements is necessary because of
the following reasons:
(1) Worker’s speed of work is not constant always even for a small
duration of time. Thus rating can be applied to each element timed to
find out the normal time.
(2) Certain elements take more time, which can only be found if the
operation is divided into elements. A thorough analysis of this element
will reveal the reasons for higher times and the necessity of its
elimination and/or improvements.
(3) Finding time for each element will help us in setting standard data.
The use of this standard data in future will save time, money,
botheration or inconvenience etc.
(4) Division of the operation into elements will help in future to train
the new workers, new time study personnel and for various other
purposes.
For example, if camera was set at 1000 films per minute, i.e., each film
takes 0.001 minute and if an operational element covers 68 films the
time required for this operational element would be 0.001 x 68 =
0.068 minute. Thus, this method IS very accurate one but is used for
high precision work as this is much expensive than other methods.