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BESTLINK COLLEGE OF THE PHILIPPINES-BULACAN, INC.

EFFECTS OF EARLY PREGNANCY IN THE LEARNING BEHAVIOR OF


THE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS AT BESTLINK COLLEGE
OF THE PHILIPPINES ACADEMIC YEAR 2018 – 2019

A THESIS
Presented to the faculty of
The College of Technical Teacher Education
BESTLINK COLLEGE OF THE PHILIPPINES

In Partial fulfillment
for the Degree of
BACHELOR OF TECHNICAL TEACHER EDUCATION

Researchers:

Abiela, Mariel V.
Colminar, Jesiel S.
Dela Cruz, GlyselleKristelie D.
Guya, Patrick O.
Perez, Sandra T.

April 20
BESTLINK COLLEGE OF THE PHILIPPINES-BULACAN, INC.

Chapter 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction

Teenage pregnancy is not like any other issue in the whole world although it

seems to be a common concern,it does not seem to bother people that much. Not until

they are personally affected by the issue or until they finally realize that it had been

increasing in number of affected people that it has slowly reached an abnormal stage or

the point that it affected too many lives already and too many aspects of living Teenage

pregnancy is most unplanned and as a result people react to the experience differently.

It has been linked to an array of other social issues, such as welfare dependency, child

health and well-being, out of wedlock births, fatherhood responsibility, child abuse and

neglect, school drop-out and workforce development. (Torivillas, The Philippine Star,

2013) It has been noted and well documented that today’s teenagers face more sexual

temptation than previous generations. They seem to be more aware of sex and

susceptible to the dangers of illicit sex. Today’s society is more bombarded with

sexually oriented materials in the environment.

According to Albano (2001). In the Philippines, usually in a family, this category

are not taught family life education by their parents and schools because of the

sensitivity of the issue, this is contrary to the wide assumption that family life education

is on. In practice, however, not much of sex education is taught in every Filipino family.
Existing government family planning programs have been directed principally to married

couples.The Philippine government through some of its agencies like Department of

Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) and Department of Education (DepEd),

introduced some strategies to minimize the increasing cases of pregnancy as observed

after a decade in the Philippines. Sex education is being incorporated to the subject

matters in school. RH bill could be a big help to let the teenagers know how to act about

sex. Filipino families and communities is properly informed about their responsibilities to

their youngsters with regards to sex. While teenagers wherever they are must be

reached to educate and be well informed how to counter early pregnancy.

Bestlink College of the Philippines is still a growing school, cases of teenage

pregnancy usually become a big issue to the students, friends and to the whole

community. The family of the victim was in trauma discovering that their teenager was

some months on her way already. Almost everybody is blaming the pregnant teenager

of the consequences of her misdeeds. They focused their judgment to the victim but

they did not bother to ask why and what were behind of indulging sex at teens and got

pregnant not at the right time.

The researchers have observed that some young mothers are not in a position to

go back to school after delivery as they are forced to look after their children, their

prioritize to look for a part time job to support their baby, and also young mothers

physical health conditions do not make it conducive for them to go back to school

because of their situation but some young mothers decided to goback to school to finish

their study for the sake of their children. And also some young mothers they feel

ashamed inside their room due their pregnancy, and they experienced also a very low
self-esteemdue their pregnancy. But their school has strategies that for every senior

high school student that got pregnant not at the right time and experienced struggle to

go back to school.

The school was continues support the studies of young mothers through study

home or study base. The researchers chose this problem because this problem is very

interesting and meaningful, for us to know the reason why there are many victims of

teenage pregnancy. The researchers of this paper hope that after the study, they can

impart some important strategies and information they gained to the school community,

to the teachers, school administrators, parents and to the teen girls on how to avoid

engage in early pregnancy


BESTLINK COLLEGE OF THE PHILIPPINES-BULACAN, INC.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

This study aims to determine the effects on the learning behavior ofearly

pregnancy among Senior High School students at Bestlink College of the Philippines,

Academic year 2018-2019.

Specifically, it seeks to answer the following questions:

1.How may the respondents be described as to:

1.1 age;

1.2 strand; and

1.3pregnancy status?

2. What are the causes of early pregnancy among respondents in terms of:

2.1 personal factors;

2.2 family factors;

2.3 environmental factors; and

2.4 economic factors?

3. What are the effects of early pregnancy in the learning behavior of respondents and

to what extent?

4.How may the findings be utilized in crafting a matrix on early pregnancy awareness

program?
BESTLINK COLLEGE OF THE PHILIPPINES-BULACAN, INC.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This study focuses on the effects of early pregnancy on learning behavior among

Senior High School students of Bestlink College of the Philippines. This study will be

conducted to find out the extent effects of early pregnancy to the learning behavior of

the students among respondents at Bestlink College of the Philippines Academic year

2018-2019.

STUDENTS.Thisstudy will benefit the students who are still studying at School

because,this study will give them information about the effects of early pregnancy in

their educational development. Thisstudy will also guide them to focus their attention on

their study and become aware in the negative effects of unwanted pregnancy rather

than giving priority to their romantic affairs with their boyfriend.

PARENTS.This study may help parents to enable them to realize their great role in

educating their teenage child protecting and diverting them from unplanned pregnancy

especiallywithout marriage.

TEACHERS.This study will serve as a guide to the teacher of how important is

education to the development of the students. This study will give them information of

how to approach or give especial care or attention to the students that have experience

early pregnancy.

SCHOOL ADMINISTRATORS .The study will give them information about the causes

and effects of early pregnancy, among teenage students, and also thiswill provide an
idea of how to lessenthe causes of early pregnancy.The school administrator will

Identify their role in solving this identified problem.

CURICULUM WRITERS.This study will give them information about the causes of early

pregnancy, so that they will have an idea in making a plan to address this identify

problem.

GUIDANCE COUNSELLORS.This study will also benefit guidance counsellor. It would

provide them information of the importance of knowing the major factors behind early

pregnancy and the possible effects on educational development of teenagers. It’s one

way that guidance will intensify sex education on their school, improve the knowledge of

their co faculties or teachers through seminars so that they can deal well with students

to avoid pregnancy at early age.

FUTURE RESEACHERS.For them to have a reference and guide for their future

studies, if they will write future research similar to this study.


BESTLINK COLLEGE OF THE PHILIPPINES-BULACAN, INC.

SCOPE AND THE DELIMITATION

This study delimited its problem on the Effects of early pregnancy among Senior

High School students at Bestlink College of the Philippines City of San Jose Del Monte,

Bulacan Academic Year 2018-2019. Fifteen(15) Students of Senior High School are the

respondents of this study using a purposivesampling method.


BESTLINK COLLEGE OF THE PHILIPPINES-BULACAN, INC.

Chapter 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This Chapter presents a review of related literature and studies from different

authors which the researchers relate to the present study.

Foreign Literature these are materials printed in other countries with information

related to the current study and are found in books, professional journals, magazines

and other publications.

Local LiteratureThese are local materials usually printed and found in books,

professional journals magazines, newspapers and university publication published by

different colleges and universities in the Philippines.

Foreign Related Literature

Duncan (2010) Argues that policies focused on the consequences of

teenage motherhood only approach the wider issues of social disadvantage obliquely,

therefore policies need to be directed toward improving the socio-economic conditions

and circumstances of these young women.

Sullivanet in continuing Education Mitigates the negative consequences of adolescent

childbearing (2010) investigated whether continuing education could help young

mothers overcome the obstacles associated with an early pregnancy.


BESTLINK COLLEGE OF THE PHILIPPINES-BULACAN, INC.

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

Bandura, 1896, 1992 Initially called Cognitive Social Learning Theory social

cognitive theory emphasizes behavior, environment, and cognition as the key factors in

development. The social cognitive model is concerned with ways in which mental

representations of social events, societal, and cultural norms, and personal

characteristics influence behavior, reasoning, emotion, and motivation, specifically, the

approach addresses acknowledgment, self and social goals, mental representations of

self and others, and the role of social facilitation in decisions making, memory, and

judgment (Bandura, 1896, 1992) According to social cognitive theory, complex cognitive

functioning involved in coping, everyday problems solving, and decisions making in

health as well as in social situations depends on basic cognitive methods Furthermore,

it depends on the organization of existing knowledge structures and socially derived

emotional and motivational influences on performance ( Martino, Collins, Kanouse,

Elliott, and Berry (2005) explained howCultural influences serve as behavioral models

for young people social cognitive theory contends that people observe important role

models, make inferences and attributions and acquire scripts, schemas and normative

beliefs that 19 then guide their subsequent behavior.This theoretical perspective would

predict that adolescents learn sexual behaviors and their likely consequences by

watching television To the extent that adolescents acquire favorable beliefs about sex

and confidence in their own sexual abilities as a result of viewing sexual content on

television, they become more likely to attempt the modeled behaviors


(Fishbein&Middlestatde, 1989 )The theory of Reasoned Action proposes that an

individual’s sexual preventive behavior is a function of the individual’s behavioral

intention to perform a particular act Behavioral intentions, in turn, are assumed to be a

function of three factors. These include a person’s attitude toward performance of a

particular preventive behavior, the individual’s subjective perception of 4hat significant

others 4ish the individual to do with respect to the behavior in question, or both, Another

predictor of intentions is perceived behavior control This concept is similar to

Bandura’s(1892) concept of self -efficacy, A limitation of the theory of planned behavior

in relationship to sexual behavior is the model seems to 0e unable to explain behavior

that may 0e under affective (emotional) control and does not adequately take into

account emotional factors in decision making In addition, it would appear that

social6cognitive theory constructs have not 0een thoroughly specified in relation to

AID's or pregnancy preventive behavior In addition, the review of literature has not seen

social cognitive theory 0eing tested empirically as an integrated model with respect to

pregnancy or STD related behavior This section of the chapter discussed the theoretical

framework of the study.

The purpose of the next portion of the chapter is to review the literature

associated as related to teen sexual practices and pregnancy Contributing factors

associated with the teen sexual behavior and pregnancies are reviewed first These

include poverty and welfare dependence, environmental, cultural, and social factors,

parents, peers, and poor sex education, the age at which sex is initiated, and the

influence of technology.
The Theory of Triadic Influence (TTI) integrates variables and processes from

many sociological and psychological theories of behavior onset and change (Flay

&Petraitis,

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