The Perception of the Citizen of Iligan

on the Construction of Flyovers

Practical Research Presented to the Faculty of

Senior High School – St. Michael’s College,

Basic Education Department,

Iligan City

by

Balos, June Mark L.

Burlas, John Vincent R.

Magallon, Maria Alyssa D.

Mangondato, Sittie Farmidah C.

Segura, Leslie Kate B.

Senario, Michelle F.

Ungang, Adrian Ace S.

March 2019
The Perception of the Citizen of Iligan on the Construction of
Flyovers

Practical Research Presented to the Faculty of Senior High School

St. Michael’s College, Basic Education Department,

Iligan City

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Senior

High School

by

Balos, June Mark L.

Burlas, John Vincent R.

Magallon, Maria Alyssa D.

Mangondato, Sittie Farmidah C.

Segura, Leslie Kate B.

Senario, Michelle F.

Ungang, Adrian Ace S.

March 2019
 St. Michael’s College
Basic Education Department
Brgy. San Miguel, Iligan City
Tel. # (063) 221-7134

APPROVAL SHEET

This thesis entitled “The Perception of the Citizen of Iligan on the

Construction of Flyovers” prepared and submitted by Balos, June Mark
L. , Burlas, John Vincent R. , Magallon, Maria Alyssa D. , Mangondato,
Sittie Farmidah C. , Segura, Leslie Kate B. , Senario, Michelle F. ,
Ungang, Adrian Ace S. in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the
degree Bachelor of Secondary Education has been examined and is
recommended for oral examination acceptance and approval.

Ms.Princess Lapas

Mentor

PANEL OF EXAMINERS

APPROVED by the thesis committee on oral examination with a grade of

_______________________.

_________________ __________________
Member Member
________________
Chairman

ACCEPTED and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for

the__________

______________________
Date of Defense School Principal
Title: THE PERCEPTION OF THE CITIZENS OF ILIGAN ON THE
CONSTRUCTION OF FLYOVER
Author: June Mark L. Balos, John Vincent R. Burlas, Maria Alyssa D.
Magallon, Sittie Farmidah C.Mangondato, Leslie Kate B. Segura,
Michelle F. Senario, Adrian Ace S. Ungang
Adviser: Princess Lapas
No. of Pages:
Host Institution: Saint Michael’s College
Address, Region: Iligan City, Region X

Abstract

This study sought to investigate and understand how the flyovers can
reduce traffic congestion. This research focuses on the perception of the
citizens of iligan on the construction of flyover. The “New Theory for Traffic
Engineering” by New Urban was the researchers basis for this study.
Descriptive method was used in this study which involved interpretation
and analysis of the gathered data about the Perception of the Citizens of
Iligan on the Construction of Flyovers. The instruments used to obtain the
data were interview questionnaire for the profile of the respondents which
compromised their name, age, sex, and profession/occupation; and a
survey questionnaire that helps the researchers to know the perception of
the citizens of Iligan on the construction of flyovers.
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This would not be possible without the help and support of the people
who gave their time and guidance for the completion of this study.

The researchers would like to thank the following individuals:

To the one who loves unconditionally, Almighty Father, for giving the
researchers hope and strength every time they felt like giving up.

To Princess A. Lapas, the researcher’s adviser, for the guidance and

help towards the improvement and completion of this study. And the
learnings she had inculcated to the researchers.

To the researcher’s panel members, Ms. Alber Mae Agbalog, Mr.

Rhuniel Bernard Gellica and Mr. Julian Sison Setosta, for the ideas and
suggestions that made this study a lot easier for the researchers.

To the researcher’s respondents, the citizens of iligan, for answering

the researcher’s survey quetionnaires. Without their cooperation, the
completion of this study would not be possible.

To the researcher’s parents, Mr. Junniffer P. Balos and Mrs. Merlyn

L. Balos, Mr. Samuel T. Burlas and Mrs. Grace R. Burlas, Mr. Noli S.
Magallon and Mrs. Letecia D. Magallon, Mr. Jamal B. Mangondato and
Mrs. Nurhanena C. Mangondato, Mr. Frennie J. Segura and Mrs. Elvie
Marizz B. Segura, Mr. Francisco M. Senario and Mrs. Gnelda R.
Senario, Mr. Danilo P. Ungang and Mrs. Jocelyn S. Ungang, for the
support: Morally and financially, and for the endless love. Their
encouragement made this study a success.
 To Group 5 researchers, June Mark L. Balos, John Vincent R.
Burlas, Maria Alyssa D. Magallon, Sittie Farmidah C. Mangondato,
Leslie Kate B. Segura, Michelle F. Senario, and Adrian Ace S. Ungang,
for the sleepless nights, for the teamwork, for the memories and the
bondings, and most especially for the time they shared. Working on the
completion of this study wouldn’t be possible without their hardwork.
 DEDICATION

To Almighty God

To our Parents

Mr. Junniffer P. Balos

Mrs. Merlyn L. Balos

Mr. Samuel T. Burlas

Mrs. Grace R. Burlas

Mr. Noli S. Magallon

Mrs. Letecia D. Magallon

Mr. Jamal B. Mangondato

Mrs. Nurhanena C. Mangondato

 Mr. Frennie J. Segura

Mrs. Elvie Marizz B. Segura

Mr. Francisco M. Senario

Mrs. Gnelda R. Senario

Mr. Danilo P. Ungang

Mrs. Jocelyn S. Ungang

 Chapter 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING

Introduction

Traffic is defined as vehicles or people in the vehicles, a delay that

involves transportation or movement through designated location, a

disruption of the daily flow of activities of students, workers, and citizens

alike. A contemporary issue that has been a problem for many decades

since the popularity of vehicles became increasingly significant in the

modern world and in this realization, many people such as elites, scholars

and many intellectual minds took it upon themselves to formulate ideas

and solutions in order to solve the never-ending traffic. And since then,

many of those ideas bloomed and became methods to solve traffic

congestion. Methods like widened roads, bus lanes, tunnels, car parks,

light rails and most importantly, the idea of flyovers.

Flyovers reduce conflict between traffic incoming from different

directions at an intersection /junction by separating / displacing the

traffic in two or more axes to different elevation. In urban areas too,

flyovers allow traffic to bypass busy / congested at grade intersections. It

also helps to streamline the traffic control system by helping to reduce

traffic congestion. Flyovers are surely to be foreseen to be a beneficial

advantage and a formidable solution for the never-ending traffic for the

citizens of Iligan City.

Theoretical Framework

This study is supported by the New Theory for Traffic Engineering

(New Urban 2015). This theory states that, if transportation officials

embrace a new approach backed by science, safe and effective mobility no

longer need conflict with the multidimensional role of streets as public

spaces and with people's varied modes of travel.

In his excellent recent book Street Smart, veteran New York

transportation engineer Sam Schwartz recalls a 1980s battle over the

Williamsburg Bridge. Schwartz was the city’s transportation

commissioner when he received the bad news: The 1903 bridge, which

carried a quarter-million New Yorkers daily, was in danger of collapse.

Schwartz faced a choice that required federal funding: Replace the

span or repair it. Replacement did not strike Schwartz as the right thing to

do. "Had we decided to replace the bridge, New York would have had to

spend [an extra] three-quarters of a billion dollars on a bridge whose

primary effects would have been to destroy existing neighborhoods on

both sides of the East River and put even more cars and trucks on

Manhattan streets." The feds wanted to do just that. The bridge did not fit

the prevailing theories on safe streets. The Williamsburg Bridge’s lanes

were narrow—less than 9 feet at the towers. To convince the federal

government that replacement would be the wrong course, Schwartz

mapped traffic collisions on the bridge for a three-year period. It turned

out the safest part of the bridge was the narrowest part—even though its

lanes there were far short of the standard, recommended 12-foot lane

widths. Schwartz’s hypothesis, since confirmed by many studies, is that

drivers are more careful when lanes are narrow. Although the bridge was

saved along with (what is now) billions of dollars’ worth of homes and

businesses, the findings raised no curiosity in the traffic engineering

profession (Traffic engineering is a part of transportation engineering,

which comes under civil engineering). No one suggested further studies.

The incident was quickly forgotten, except by Schwartz. At least since the

1960s, traffic engineers had designed urban thoroughfares on the theory

that wide streets, lacking in nearby obstacles like trees, parked cars, and

lampposts, are the safest. To the detriment of people and communities,

these designs suppressed other uses of urban streets—such as walking,

biking, socializing, and transit—but that outcome was either ignored or

deemed an acceptable trade-off.

Conceptual Framework

This study focuses on the perception of the citizens of Iligan towards

the construction of flyovers. The independent variable shows the profile of

all the citizens in terms of name, profession, status, age and sex. The
dependent variable consists of the advantages and disadvantages of

flyover and the effects of having it.

Independent Variable Dependent Variable

Respondents The advantages of
Profile flyover.

 Name The disadvantages

 Age of flyover.
 Sex
 Profession The effects of
having flyover.
Flyover

Figure 1.1 Research Paradigm of the Study

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to determine The Perception of the Citizens of Iligan

Towards the Construction of Flyovers.

1. What are the respondent’s profile in terms of :

1.1 Name

1.2 Age

1.3 Sex

1.4 Profession

2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of flyover?

3. How can flyover affect the community?

 4. How can flyover solve traffic?

Hypothesis of the Study

From the foregoing statement of the problem, this null hypothesis will

be tested:

Ho: It is good to our community to have flyover as a solution for traffic.

Significance of the Study

The importance of the study is to determine the citizen’s perception

about constructing flyovers specifically at Iligan. The benefactors of this

are as follows:

The Students. The flyover help to streamline the traffic control

system by helping to reduce traffic congestion. In connection, students

can go to distant places without any trouble, particularly in going to

school.

The Teachers. Like the students, the teachers who might be living a

great distance from the school can easily travel and avoid traffic

congestion problem.
 The Parents. As for the parents, flyovers will be a great help, for they

will not be facing the hassle on going to work. Also, this study will aid the

parents in escorting their children in and out of the school premises

without difficulties resulting to punctuality of the students of St. Michael’s

College.

The Drivers. Our study is at an utmost significance especially to

these types of working citizens because they are most knowledgeable of

how traffic and roads work so their opinions are highly valued and

considered in our research as it is rest assured, they know the importance

of flyovers.

The Future Researchers. Through this study it gives awareness and

a chance to inform the users of this research, on the perception of citizens

on flyovers and for them to be informed of the credibility and effectiveness

of our chosen study.

Scope and Delimitation

This study will be conducted here in Saint Michael’s College, Basic

Education Department. This study will be focusing on the responses of the

citizens about flyovers. The data that will be gathered will be from 50

random respondents of Iligan. It is desired to be given answers in which

conclusion may be even with such limitations.

Definition of Terms

In this study, some of the important terms defined conceptually

and operationally defined for better understanding of the readers and

these are some of the important terms in this study to be defined.

Citizen - a person who was born in a particular country and has

certain rights or has been given certain rights because of having lived

there.

The citizens of Iligan will be the respondents in this study and also the

benefactors from the advantages of having flyovers.

Traffic - the number of vehicles moving along roads, or the amount of

aircraft, trains, or ships moving along a route.

Traffic affects people a lot. It can reduce transportation speed, can

lead to drivers becoming frustrated and engaging in road rage, and

can cause delays.

Congestion - the state of being congested (a road or place that is so

crowded with traffic or people as to hinder freedom of movement.)

Traffic Congestion is one of the leading problem on roads which is

caused by a multiple reason. These includes too many cars for the
roadway; obstacle on fine road causing a blockage; and traffic signals out

of sync.

Construction - the action of building something, typically a large

structure, the creation of an abstract entity.

The purpose of constructing a flyover is to reduce conflict

between traffic coming from different intersections.

Flyover - a low flight by one or more aircraft over a specific location.

The construction of flyover in Iligan would be a big help to reduce

traffic congestion.

Junction - a point where two or more things are joined.

The flyover is a solution to minimize traffics on city junctions.

Streamline - to shape something so that it can move as effectively and

quickly as possible through a liquid or gas.

Flyovers help to streamline traffic control system that reduces traffic

congestion.
 Chapter 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This study presents the related literature and studies relating to the

mobile folding bridges. It introduces the background of the perception of

Senior High School Students towards the mobile folding bridges.

Related Literature

The urbanist areas are suffering from unmaintained externalities such

as excessive travel time, unnecessary fuel consumption and even serious

economic loss due extraordinary growth in automobile traffic (i.e.

motorcycle and car), and as consequence of automobile ownership and

usage have continued rapid growth into recent days including in Banda

Aceh, a capital of Aceh Province. An increasing of automobile usage leads

to induce traffic congestion in the city centers including in Surabaya

intersection. To counter the negative effects of the congestion, the

Government of Aceh (GoA) decided to build a flyover at the congested

intersection mentioned above. However, during the construction period,

traffic congestion is severe along this corridor, and traffic is randomly

distributed to the road network in surrounding construction site without

any traffic arrangement by the authority. It is, therefore, this research

aims to analyze the traffic impact due to flyover’s construction. The study
was conducted at three corridors which are considered as the most

congested corridors due to exiting of bottleneck traffic. Those corridors are

Teuku Muhammad Hasan Rd., Prof Ali Hasyimi Rd., Tgk. Imum Lueng

Bata Rd. The findings from the analysis revealed that the traffic loading

has increased accounting up to 34% and 37% for Teuku Muhammad

Hasan Rd. and Prof. Ali Hasyimi Rd., respectively. Furthermore, the

results of the level of service (LOS) analyses show that dropped in LOS

from B to C during the construction period for Teuku Muhammad Hasan

Rd. and Prof. Ali Hasyimi Rd. (S. Sugiarto, T. Miwa, and T. Morikawa,

2019).

the engineering of elevated transport infrastructure in contemporary

Mumbai. It argues that the conception, construction and implementation

of flyovers and skywalks in Mumbai over the past 20 years has been part

of elite efforts seeking to instill a more free‐flowing, predictable and

regulated city. The techniques, routines, standards and visualizations

comprising these engineering schemes have promised ways of reshaping

the socio‐material configurations and everyday landscapes of Mumbai

into a more knowable, functional and integrated realm. The article

suggests that this can be understood analytically as a means of trying to

establish and maintain ‘formal’ ideals, citizens and spaces in Mumbai

against wider urban contexts perceived as increasingly ‘informal’. The

article thus emphasizes the importance of exploring how the ‘informal’

and ‘formal’ are actively produced and imagined against each other
through material practices and procedures, and the central role of urban

engineering in attempts at reconfiguring the social and political

dimensions of urban life. (Andrew Harris, 2018)

Mohakhali rail crossing intersection is one of the most congested

places within Dhaka city. In order to alleviate traffic congestion at this

area, Mohakhali flyover was constructed and opened to traffic in 2004.

But, unfortunately, it is observed that traffic congestion still exists at

Mohakhali flyover and its surrounding areas. In this research, the

performance of Mohakhali flyover is evaluated. The whole analysis is

performed in VISSIM simulation software. First, existing condition (with

flyover) is simulated to obtain the density, flow, speed and delay. The

performance measures are then obtained for the network without flyover

using the same traffic load. From the result comparison it is found that

with the flyover the flow and speed at major links has increased, although

the improvements are not significant. In order to increase the capacity of

the intersection, it is proposed to extend the flyover by constructing

additional links to and from the Gulshan Mohakhali connecting road. The

extended version of the flyover is also simulated in VISSIM. Remarkable

improvements are noticed. At every major link flow and speed has

increased and delay has decreased significantly. (S. Mohammad, M. A.

Haque & M. Y. A. Riyad,2016)

 There is little realistic regularity that is as worldwide as the following:

no matter what the track of economic growth a country has followed,

urbanization has been an inevitable consequence across the world. So,

transportation system plays an important role in urbanization. Moreover,

the major requirement for sustainable economic development of a city

depends on its adequate and efficient transportation systems. Dhaka, the

capital of Bangladesh, is one of the world’s fastest developing cities, with a

population currently around 15 million. The fast-growing migration rate

to Dhaka has already put tremendous stress on transportation systems.

As a result, traffic jam has become a consistent feature of Dhaka city. It

not only puts negative effects on our trade and commerce but also acts as

the source of air and sound pollution. So, reducing traffic congestion is

the crying need of the citizen of Dhaka city. To reduce the traffic

congestion a flyover has been constructed to over the

Moghbazar-Mouchak road intersections in the center of Dhaka city.

Although, this project, which connects the northern and southern portion

of Dhaka city aims to reduce traffic congestion, the condition of the traffic

below the flyover has not been improved. Throughout the study, total

volume of traffic using the flyover in different days and time has been

analyzed and the velocity of each vehicle along with the perceptions of the

commuter towards the flyover has been revealed. (A Rasel, N Huda, L

Barua,2018).
 Chapter 3

RESEARCH METHODS

This chapter presents the research design and methodology used,

which includes the respondents, the locale of the study, the research

instruments, the data gathering procedure and the statistical tool.

Research Design

The Descriptive Research design was used to gather the data and to

survey The Perception of the Citizen of Iligan on the Construction of

Flyovers. The researcher used a survey research design to be much more

easier to gather the data.

Locale of the Study

This study was conducted at St. Michael’s College, Basic Education

Department, St. Mary, Tibanga, Iligan City. It focuses on the research

study, entitled “The Perception of the Citizen of Iligan on the Construction

of Flyovers”

St. Michael’s College of Iligan, Inc. (SMC) is a catholic institution of

higher learning located at the heart of Iligan City, administered by the

Religious of the Virgin Mary (RVM), and offers pre-school, elementary,

secondary collegiate, graduate school and short-term courses. The school

is now offering the K-12 curriculum of the department of Education

(DepEd). It also offers college level. Even as a catholic school; it also

accepts non-Catholic and Muslim learners. It is accredited by the PAASCU

and is also known for its three core values of faith, excellence, and service.

The Respondents

The respondents of this study are the citizens from Iligan City. The

researchers got the total number of respondents who will answer the

survey questionnaire. There were 50 respondents from Iligan City.

Sampling Procedure

This study will non-probability sampling design where the odds of any

respondent being selected for a sample cannot be calculated.

Data Gathering Procedure

The researchers asked first the approval from the school head to allow

them to conduct a survey in the city of Iligan. The researchers made a

letter that mentions the title and the purpose of the research address to

the respondents in order to let them understand the goal of the paper.

Then they will gather the respondent demographic profile namely their

name (optional), age, sex, and the profession. Then the researchers will

segregate the questionnaires that will be given randomly.

Instrument Used

The main instrument that is used in the data gathering is the survey

questionnaire made by the researchers themselves. Other than that, the

researchers also used the library and the internet, for some information

that will be used as a basis for conducting a survey. The questionnaire will

be consisting of a question that is related to the study.

Statistical Treatment of Data

In the analysis of the data of the study, the researcher employed the

following statistical tools, which are the frequency and the percentage.

Percentage. The percentage is represented a (%). It is the number of

ratio expressed as a fraction of 100. In this study, this was used to

determine the number of the respondent’s position out of the total number

of items utilize in the study. This was also used in the demographic profile

of the respondents.

Frequency. It is represented as (F). It is the fixed place in a given

amount of time. In this study this was use in order to get the majority

perception of the respondents on the different questions in as a checklist

form and essay form.

𝑓
𝑝 = 𝑛 x 100
Where:

p = percentage
f = frequency
n =total number of respondents
 CHAPTER 4

PRESENTATION, INTERPRETATION, AND ANALYSIS OF DATA.

This chapter presents the interpretation and analysis of the data

gathered on the perception of the citizen of Iligan on the construction of

flyovers.

This chapter has two parts: (1) the profile of the respondents in terms

of demography and (2) answering the questions the researchers sought

for.

Problem 1

Respondent’s Profile

Table 4.1 Distribution of the Respondent’s Profile in terms of

Profession

Profession Frequency Percentage

Student 32 64

Teacher 4 8

Driver 4 8

Employee 1 2

Guidance Staff 1 2

Nurse 1 2
 Worker 2 4

Personnel 1 2

Staff 1 2

No Profession 3 6

Total 50 100

Table 4.1 shows the profession demography of the respondents. The

researchers gathered a total of 50 respondents with a total percentage of

100% from Iligan City. The researchers found out that 32 (64%) of the

respondents are students; 4 (8%) of the respondents are teachers; 4 (8%)

are drivers; 1 (2%) is an employee; 1 (2%) is a guidance staff; 1 (2%) is a

nurse; 2 (4%) are workers; 1 (2%) is a personnel and 1 (2%) is a staff.

Analysis

Problem No. 2

What are the advantages and disadvantages of flyover?

Table 4.2 Responses of citizens of Iligan Question No. 1 (What do you

think is the help of having a flyover?)

Responses of Citizen Frequency Percentage

of Iligan

To avoid traffic 11 22
 To reduce traffic 32 64
congestion

Reduce risk/accident 7 14

Total 50 100

Table 4.2 shows the responses of citizens of Iligan on question no. 1

(What do you think is the help of having a flyover?). 22%, 64% and 14% of

the respondents says that having a flyover helps to avoid traffic; reduces

traffic congestion and it reduces risk and/or accidents respectively.

Table 4.3 Responses of citizens of Iligan Question no. 3 (How can

flyover minimize or reduce risk of road accidents.)

Response of Citizens Frequency Percentage

of Iligan

Less number of 15 30
cars/vehicles

More space 15 30

Reduce horizontal 3 6
curvature

It provides one way 4 8

road

Less people who’ll be 4 8

prone to accidents

Safety system 1 2
Cannot reduce risk of 4 8
road accidents

1 don’t know 2 4

Total 50 100

The table 4.3 shows the responses of the citizen of Iligan City on

Question no. 3 (How can flyover minimize of reduce risk of road

accidents?). There are 30%, another 30%, 6%, 12%, 8%, 2%, and 8% of

the respondents said flyover minimizes and/or reduces risk of accidents

because it causes less number of cars and /or vehicles; it provides more

spaces; reduces horizontal curvature; it provides one way road, less

people which lessen risk of accidents; and a safety system which ensures

safety of the people. On the other hand, there are 8% of respondents said

flyover cannot reduce risk of road accidents, and lastly, 8% of the

respondents doesn’t have any idea about the question.

Problem no. 3

How can flyover affect the community?

Table 4.4 Responses of citizens of Iligan Question no. 3 (Do you agree

that traveling on a flyover is a time saving technique?)

Response of Citizens Frequency Percentage

of Iligan
 Yes 42 84

It depends 6 12

Doesn’t have any 2 4

answer

TOTAL 50 100

The table no. 4.4 shows the response of the citizen of Iligan to the question
no.4 (Do you agree that traveling on a flyover is a time saving technique?)
84% of the respondents said yes;12% of the respondents said it depends;
and 4% of the respondents doesn’t have any response about it.

Table 4.5 Responses of citizens of Iligan Question no. 3 (Do you agree
that flyover have a big help to the economic growth?)

Response of Citizens Frequency Percentage

of Iligan

Yes, on importing and 22 44

exporting products

No, it is expensive and 7 14

needs a wider area

Yes, less accidents 1 2

Yes, les traffic 16 32

Yes (no reason) 2 4

I don’t know 2 4

Total 50 100
The table no. 4.5 shows the response of the citizen of Iligan to question
no.5 (Do you agree that flyover have a big help to the economic growth? )
44% of the respondents said yes; specifically on the importation and
exportation of products on the City; 14 % of the respondents said no,
saying that it is expensive and needs a wider area; another 2% and 32% of
the respondents said yes because it lessen accidents and it lessen traffic
problems. 4% f the respondents said yes without any reason. And 4% of
the remaining respondents said they don’t have any idea about it.

Problem no. 4

How can flyover solve traffic?

Table 4.6 Responses of citizens of Iligan Question no. 3 (How can

Flyover reduces traffic congestion problem?)

Response of Citizens Frequency Percentage

of Iligan

Provide additional road 42 84

Time saving 2 4

I don’t know 6 12

Total 50 100

The table 4.6 shows the response of the citizen of Iligan on the question
no. 4. (How can Flyover reduces traffic congestion problem?) 84% of the
respondents said that it provides additional road; 4% of the respondents
said that traveling on a flyover is a time saving technique; and 12% f the
respondents said they don’t know.
 CHAPTER 5

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMENDATION

Summary

This study entitled “The Perception of the Citizens of Iligan on the

Construction of Flyover” aims to understand the full function of a flyover

as well as its advantages and disadvantages. The researchers learned how

difficult the issue, traffic congestion is, to the daily activities of the citizens

of Iligan and the importance of solutions in order to solve or lessen such

difficulties confronted by us. And with a mindset for a solution, ideas bore

fruit, creating impressive architectures like the flyover.

The question is, how effective is it for the citizens of Iligan City

regarding the use of flyovers? With that, the researchers chose 50

respondents to gather their own opinions and their individual perceptions

of flyovers. Specifically, this study sought to find out the respondent’s

profile in terms of name, age, sex, and respondents ranging from

students, teachers, staff, drivers and other occupations which opinions

are very essential and certainly beneficial to the said study.

The following are the findings of the study:

1. The researchers found out, based from the result of their profession

demography, that most of the respondents are students.

Specifically, between ages 17 to 19.

 2. The researchers found out that in general most of the respondent’s

has a positive feedback regarding on flyovers.

3. The researchers found out that the reason of these positive

feedbacks is because of the thought that this will reduce traffic

congestion.

4. The researchers found out that some respondents gave negative

feedbacks because it is expensive and need a wider area.

5. The researchers found out that some respondents gave a specific

answer but with unspecified reason.

6. The researchers theorized that flyover here is possible because of

the positive responses of the respondents.

Conclusion

From the findings of the study, the researchers conclude that most of

the respondents have the same perceptions with regards to flyovers. The

citizens of Iligan are frustrated due to the traffic they are experiencing. On

the construction of flyovers, some of the respondents have positive

feedbacks while some were negative. Mostly of the answers said that

flyovers are helpful for it reduces traffic congestion while some said that it

is not helpful in the economic growth for it is expensive and needs a wider

area.
Recommendation

Base on the findings of this study. The researchers recommend:

To the Government

Traffic congestion not only affects the drivers but also has a lot of

effects to the health,environment and economy. Leading to in productivity

and precious time. The government may solve this problem by

constructing a flyover which will helped in reducing the traffic through

constructing additional road soace overhead. Through this infrastructure

more time will be saved.

To the Citizen

People who had experience traffic could benefit from this

infrastructure . Because flyover can lessen traffic people could go to

different places without any trouble and people could save their precious

time.

To the Future Researchers

 St. Michael’s College
Basic Education Department
Brgy. San Miguel, Iligan City
Tel. # (063) 221-7134

Name: __________________________________________ Age: _______

Occupation: ____________________________________ Sex: _______
Instruction: Write your answer according to the question given.

1. What do you think is the help of having a flyover?

_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________

2. How can flyover reduces traffic congestion problem?

_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________

3. How can flyover minimize or reduces risk of road accidents?

_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________

4. Do you agree that travelling on a flyover is a time saving technique?

Why or why not?
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________

5. Do you agree that flyover have a big contribution of the economic

growth? Why do you think so?

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