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Question 1
Question 2
Sun
Mars
not to scale
(a) Name one planet which is closer than Mars to the Sun. ............................................
1 mark
(b) A day and night on Mars lasts nearly 25 Earth hours. Explain why there is daytime
and night-time on Mars.
.......................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................
1 mark
(c) Like Earth, Mars has summers and winters.
Suggest why there are seasons on Mars.
.......................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................
1 mark
Question 3
Question 4
The table below gives information about the planets of the Solar System.
(Data obtained from The Guinness Book of Astronomy, Patrick Moore; published by Guinness
1992)
(a) Explain why Neptune and Pluto are the coldest planets.
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
1 mark
(b) Explain why there could be no liquid water on the surface of:
.................................................................................................................
1 mark
.................................................................................................................
1 mark
(c) On which planet would the time between sunrise and sunset be
shortest?
..................................................................……
1 mark
(d) Which planet has the shortest year?’
1 mark
..................................................................……
(e) Give the name of the force which keeps the planets in their orbits.
..................................................................……
1 mark
Question 5
Lisa drew a picture of herself standing at four different positions on the Earth.
(i) Draw an arrow at each of the four positions to show the direction of the force of
gravity on Lisa
( /1 mark)
(ii) The drawing at position A shows Lisa holding a ball on a string. Draw the ball and
string in positions B, C and D. ( /1 mark)
Question 6
In 2002 a large asteroid was discovered orbiting the Sun. It was named Quaoar. The
diagram below shows Quaoar in four positions in its orbit.
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Question 7
In 1610, the Italian scientist, Galileo, observed four bright moons near
Jupiter. Each night the moons moved.
The table shows the distances of the four moons from the centre of
Jupiter, and the times of their orbits. Europa’s distance has been left out.
o 0.42 1.8
Europa 3.6
............................................................................................ millions of km
1 mark
Callisto
16
14
12
2
Io
0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2
distance from Jupiter, in millions of km
(c) Galileo realised that Jupiter and its moons formed a model of our
Solar System. In this model:
Question 8: Show your working out for the following questions 3 marks
a) The strength of gravity at the Earth's surface is 10 Newtons per kilogram. Calculate
the weight of a car with a mass of 1500 kg.
In the space below, draw a labelled diagram of the Sun, Moon and Earth from above
showing a solar eclipse.
On your diagram, indicate which part of the Earth would experience a total solar
eclipse
3 marks