SHUQUN SECONDARY SCHOOL

SECONDARY 4 EXPRESS MATHEMATICS

CHAPTER 04 – MATRICES
Worksheet 2 mrjeemath.blogspot.sg

Name: _________________________ ( )
Class: Sec 4 ______ Date: ___________________

4.2 Addition and Subtraction of Matrices

Let’s revisit the context in worksheet 1 on the number of pens of three different brands sold in
two stationery shops.

Brand X Brand Y Brand Z

Shop A 23 8 52
Shop B 13 56 78

23 8 52
Let M .
13 56 78
Suppose in the following month, the two shops sold the pens according to this matrix:
6 10 23
N .
15 12 9
Let us add the two matrices, M and N to give the total number of pens of respective brands
sold in Shop A and Shop B respectively.

23 8 52 6 10 23
M N
13 56 78 15 12 9
23 6 8 10 52 23
13 15 56 12 78 9
29 18 75
28 68 87

Question: Is it possible to add two matrices of different orders?

17 8 69 10 20
E.g.
5 52 12 40 55

04 MATRICES MATH 1
Let the original stock of pens for the two stationery shops be represented by the matrix
50 30 100 29 18 75
X . The total sale of pens is given by the matrix Y .
40 80 90 28 68 87
Let us subtract matrix Y from matrix X to give the quantity of the pens of each brand left.
50 30 100 29 18 75
X Y
40 80 90 28 68 87
50 29 30 18 100 75
40 28 80 68 90 87
21
12

IN GENERAL

(I) If two matrices A and B have the same order, then A B is obtained by adding the
corresponding elements of A and B.

p q w x p w q x
E.g. if A and B , then A B .
r s y z r y s z

(II) If two matrices A and B have the same order, then A B is obtained by subtracting the
corresponding elements of B from A.

p q w x p w q x
E.g. if A r s and B y z , then A B r y s z .
t u a b t a u b

Example 1
1 3
7 4 5 1 9 0
If A ,B ,C and D 0 6 , evaluate each of the
6 9 0 8 10 2
8 5
following if possible. If it is not possible, explain why.
(a) A B

04 MATRICES MATH 2
(b) A B C

(c) C D

Try out yourself

5 8 0 3 7 0 7
1 If P ,Q , R and S , evaluate each of the
12 6 4 7 6 0 6
following if possible. If it is not possible, explain why.
(a) P Q (b) P Q R (c) R S

04 MATRICES MATH 3
2 The marks of a Mathematics test and a Science test for three students are shown in matrix
P. The total possible score for each test is 50 marks.

Raj Ethan Farhan

49 28 39 Mathematics
P
47 45 21 Science

In the second test for Mathematics and for Science, Raj scores 46 marks for Mathematics
and 42 marks for Science, Ethan scores 40 marks for Mathematics and 38 marks for
Science, and Farhan scores 31 marks for Mathematics and 35 marks for Science.
(i) Express the marks for the second test by using the matrix Q with the same order as
P.
(ii) Find the matrix P Q .
(iii) Explain what the numbers in the matrix in (ii) represent.

PRACTICE
Textbook page 138 Exercise 4B
Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4
Write your solutions on A4 foolscap writing paper. Show your workings clearly.
04 MATRICES MATH 4