Now you have four pairs of numbers. Circle the letter below the larger of each pair.

You have now identified your “type.” It should be one of the following:

INFP ISFP INTP ISTP

ENFP ESFP ENTP ESTP

INFJ ISFJ INTJ ISTJ

ENFJ ESFJ ENTJ ESTJ

For practical purposes, the Keirsey groupings provide an excellent way to understand people,
as the 16 personalities are sorted into four main temperament groupings.

The first sort is based on the way that a person views the world – whether they are an observer
or an introspector. The Observers (S) are then further divided based on whether the person is a
Scheduler (J) or Prober (P) while the Introspectors are divided based on whether the person
uses thoughts (T) or feelings (F) to make decisions.

Observers (S) Introspectors (N)

Guardians - Schedulers Artisans - Probers Rationals - Thinking Idealists - Feeling
(J) (P) (T) (F)
Inspectors (IT) Promoter (ET) Fieldmarshal (EJ) Teacher (EJ)

Protectors (IF) Crafter (IT) Mastermind (IJ) Counselor (IJ)

Supervisors (ET) Performer (EF) Inventor (EP) Champion (EP)

Providers (EF) Composer (IF) Architect (IP) Healer (IP)

Temperaments are not distributed equally across the four groups. The Keirsey website
estimates that approximately 80% of the population are either guardians and artisans:

Estimated population by temperament

Guardians: 40 - 45 %
Artisans: 35 – 40%
Rationals: 5 - 7%
Idealists: 8 - 10%
Here is a closer look at each of the 16 temperaments.

The Guardians
Inspectors (ISTJ):
These are people who keep a close eye on their
surroundings, ensuring that everything is
running efficiently. While they are good at
making decisions, they are considered quiet
Protectors (ISFJ):
These are people who like to provide support
to others and protect them from failures.
They have a keen work ethic, willing to see a
task through from beginning to end. Famous
rulers. Queen Elizabeth II is a famous Inspector
Guardian.
Supervisors (ESTJ)
These level-headed people set out and follow
rules. They expect the same from everyone else
as well. They are quick to praise or criticize
where necessary. Colin Powell is a well-known
Supervisor Guardian.
The Artisans
Composers (ISFP)
These are people who take great care in their
interactions with others. They are keenly in
touch with the world around them and prefer to
express themselves through the creation of fine
arts. Steven Spielberg is one of the famous
Composers.
Performers (ESFP)
These are people who seek out opportunities to
interact with others. In fact they are unhappy
when left alone. While they enjoy dealing with
people they aren't comfortable giving them
direction. Artist Pablo Picasso was a famous
Performer.
The Idealists
Healers (INFP)
These are people who work quietly and
tirelessly for the greater good. They are willing
to devote their time and passion to social causes
and are not often found in the business world.
Princess Diana was one of the worlds best
known Healers.
Champions (ENFP)
These are outgoing people who seek out new
opportunities in their quest to understand the
world around them. Champions are good at
influencing others. Phil Donahue is a famous
Champion.
The Rationals
Architects (INTP)
These are people who are driven by a need to
understand structures and processes. They are
eager to share their knowledge with others and
work towards their overall goal of manipulating
these processes into something unique. Albert
Einstein is among the worlds best known
Protectors include Mother Teresa.
Providers (ESFJ)
These warm and friendly people are often
found in sales positions. Their attention to
detail and genuine concern for people allow
them to thrive in environments where they
provide service and care. Martha Stewart is a
famous example of this group.
Crafters (ISTP)
These are people who excel when they are
able to work with physical tools. They are
not likely to seek out a leadership role, but
when others ask for direction they are quick
and influential in giving it. A famous
example of a Crafter is Michael Jordan.
Promoters (ESTP)
These are people who excel at influencing
others to see things their way. They are
comfortable asking strangers for what they
want and are used to getting it. One of the
best known Promoters is Madonna.
Counselors (INFJ)
These are quiet people who enjoy working in
a supporting role where they can exercise
their creativity. A famous example of a
Counselor is Dr. Jane Goodall.
Teachers (ENFJ)
These are people who take a leadership role
and excel at bringing out the best in those
around them. Oprah Winfrey is among this
group.
Masterminds (INTJ)
These are people who possess the self-
confidence and drive to direct the actions of
others. They are also creative and willing to
hear new ideas as long as there is a purpose
to them. Isaac Newton is a famous example
of a Mastermind.
Architects.
Inventors (ENTP)
These are people who were born with a need to
create new tools, new ideas, and new ways of
doing things. While they are eager to share their
knowledge with others they aren't comfortable
in a leadership role. Perhaps the most famous
example of an Inventor is Thomas Edison.
Fieldmarshal (ENTJ)
These are people who are your born leaders.
They seek out positions of authority and
excel at motivating others to work towards
their vision, allowing them to use their
highly developed organizational skills. Bill
Gates is among the best known
Fieldmarshals.