API 653

1) __________ is a change from previous operating conditions involving different properties of the stored product
such as specific gravity or corrosivity and / or different service conditions of temperature and / or pressure"

(a) Re-rating;
(b) Change in service;
(c) Repair;
(d) Reconstruction

REF : API-653, - 1.5.4

ANS : (b)

2) A corroded roof plate is found to have an average thickness of 0.1" measured over an area of 100 sq. inches. This
area shall be :-

(a) Repaired or replaced;

(b) Found to be acceptable;
(c) Repair is prohibited;
(d) Replacement is mandated

REF : API-653, 2.2.1.2

ANS : (b)

3) A formal Visual External inspection by a qualified inspector shall be done atleast :-

(a) Every 5 years of ¼ CR life whichever is less

(b) Every 5 years of ½ CR life whichever is less
(c) Every 2 years
(d) Every 1- years or ¼ CR life whichever is greater

REF : 653 4.3.2.1

ANS : (a)

4) A full hydrostatic test (when required) shall be held for __________ hours :-

a) 24;
(b) 8;
(c) 18;
(d) 12

REF : 653 10.3.1.1

ANS : (a)

5) A hot tap in a 1.25" thick tank with a minimum metal temperature of 65oF at time of hot tap, without having
material toughness data is :-

(a) not permitted;

(b) permitted;
(c) not enough information;
(d) not addressed by the code

REF : API 653 – 7.13.4 & Fig. 7-5

ANS : (a)

6) A hydrostatic test for a relocated tank :-

(a) may be waived by the Owner / Operator;

(b) is required;
(c) may be waived by the Inspector;
(d) is not necessary

REF : 653 10.3.1.1 (a)

ANS : (b)

7) A reconstructed tank with a total height of 25' has been determined to have an out-of-plumbness of 2-3/4". This is
:-

(a) acceptable;
(b) unacceptable;
(c) not covered by the code
(d) corrected by eternal strengthening

REF : API-653, 8.5.2.1

ANS : (a)

8) A riveted tank shell with a butt joint has 3 rows. What is the joint efficiency ?

(a) 0.75";
(b) 0.85";
(c) 0.90;
(d) 0.91.

REF : API-653, Table 2-1

ANS : (b)

9) A tank bottom depression is 9.125" deep, radius of depression is 22.5 feet. What is the maximum depth of
depression ?

(a) 7.825";
(b) 8.062";
(c) 8.125";
(d) 8.325"

REF : 653 APP. “B” B-6

ANS : (d)

10) A welder's ID must be placed at intervals not exceeding along completed welds :-

(a) One foot;

(b) One and a half feet;
(c) Two feet;
(d) Three feet.

REF : API-653, 9.2.2

ANS : (d)

11) All tanks shall be given a formal visual external inspection by an inspector at least :-

(a) every 3 years or at quarter corrosion rate;

(b) every 5 years or at quarter corrosion rate;
(c) every 3 years or at half corrosion rate;
(d) every 5 years or at half corrosion rate.

REF : API-653-4.3.2.1

ANS : (b)

12) An external inspection may be used as an alternative to the internal inspection only when :-

(a) operations dictate;

(b) construction allows external access to the tank bottom to determine thickness;
(c) all insulation is removed from the tank;
(d) no alternate is allowed.

REF : 653 4.5

ANS : (b)

13) Anticipated minimum thickness of tank bottom where bottom / foundation design provides for leak detection
and containment is :-

(a) 0.10";
(b) 0.05";
(c) 0.09";
(d) same as without leak detection and containment.

REF : API 653 Table 4-1

ANS : (b)

14) Based on a measured corrosion of 0.006" annually and using a corrosion allowance of 0.120", how long before
the next UT thickness measurements are required ?

(a) 10 years;
(b) 36.5 years;
(c) 20 years;
(d) 15 years.

REF : API-653 4.3.3.2

ANS : (d)

15) Before elevating the operating temperature of a shell tank to a temperatur above 200 degrees F, what document
must be considered ?

(a) API RP 650, Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage;

(b) API 650, Appendix M;
(c) API RO 650, Lining of Aboveground Petroleum Tanks;
(d) Publication 2207, Preparing Tank Bottoms for Work.

REF : API-653, 2.2.4.4

ANS : (b)

16) Concrete rings shall be inspected for :-

(a) broken concrete, spalling, cracks;

(b) vegetation against tank;
(c) holidays in paint;
(d) only (a) and (b).

REF : API 653 Appendix C, C.1.1.1

ANS : (d).

17) Construction, inspection and repair records shall be maintained by the :-

(a) Manufacturer;
(b) Inspector;
(c) Owner / Operator;
(d) Jurisdiction.

REF : 653 11.2.1

ANS : (c)

18) Determine the exact interval for ultrasonic thickness measurements for a tank with 17 mils of the original 25
mils corrosion allowance still remaining after 15 years?

(a) 5 years;
(b) 15 years;
(c) 23.875 years;
(d) 31.875 years.

REF : 653 4.3.3.2 (c)

ANS : (b)

19) Differential settlement leads to :-

(a) potential floating roof hang up;
(b) lack of circularity at the top;
(c) oval shape at the top;
(d) all of the above.

REF : API 653 Appendix B.2.2.3

ANS : (d)

20) Distorted anchor bolts may indicate :-

(a) overpressure uplift condition;

(b) foundation settlement;
(c) both (a) and (b) above;
(d) anchor bolts do not distort.

REF : API 653, 2.5.3

ANS : (c)

21) During an inspection, you are required to calculate the retirement thickness for the bottom course of a tank. The
information available is as follows :-
Diameter = 150 feet
Height = 40 feet
Specific gravity of contents = 0.77
Joint efficiency = 0.7
Material tensile strength is unknown
Material tensile strength is unknown;
Material maximum allowable stress is unknown.

(a) 0.050;
(b) 0.7141;
(c) 0.500;
(d) 0.5625

REF : API 653 2.3.3.1

ANS : (c)

22) During hydrostatic test, no less than ______ settlement measurement points shall be surveyed :-

(a) 8;
(b) 10;
(c) 15;
(d) 5.

REF : 653 10.5.1.2

ANS : (a)

23) Existing shells shall be analysed by experienced personnel for :-

(a) fluid static head, internal and external pressure, wind loads, settlement and business needs;
(b) wind loads, settlement, fluid static head, internal and external pressure and nozzle loads;
(c) internal and external pressure, wind loads, fluid static head, settlement and if it convenient.
(d) only (a) and (b) above.

REF : API 653, 2.3.1.2

ANS : (b)

24) External tank bottom inspection is permitted :-

(a) when required by the inspector;

(b) only when reassembly is being done.
(c) where construction, size or other aspects allow;
(d) is not permitted.

REF : API-653, Table 4-1; 4.5

ANS : (c)

25) Flaws such as cracks in the weld in shell-to-bottom of a tank are :-

(a) not critical;
(b) acceptable if length is less than twice the width;
(c) to be removed and repaired;
(d) welded over without needing to be removed.

REF : API-653, 2.3.6

ANS : (c)

26) Floating root anti-rotation devices shall be evaluated for :-

(a) needed repairs; (b) replacement;

(c) ultrasonically for flaws; (d) only (a) and (b) above.

REF : API 653, 2.2.3.3

ANS : (d)

27) For an existing 150 foot diameter storage tank, which has been in service for 28 years, known joint efficiency is
1.0, contents have been the same, with a specific gravity of 1.0, material yield of plate is 30,000 and tensile strength
is 55,000, liquid fill level is 50 feet, calculate the minimum allowable thickness for the second course :-

(a) 0.6789;
(b) 0.7962;
(c) 0.8056;
(d) 0.8156.

REF : API 653 2.3.3.1 (49) (150) 2.6 /23,430

ANS : (d)
28) For new or repaired shell horizontal joints, how many radiographs shall be taken for each 50 feet of horizontal
joint, not including those required at intersections of vertical and horizontal joints ?

(a) 1;
(b) 2;
(c) 3;
(d) 5.

REF : API 653 – 10.2.1.2

ANS : (a)

29) Foundations of relocated tanks specified as true to horizontal plane without ringwalls shall be true :-

(a) ± 1/8" in any 30' and ± 1/4" in the total circumference;

(b) ± 1/8" in any 30' and ± 1/2" in the total circumference;
(c) ± 1/8" in any 10' and ± 1/2" in the total circumference;
(d) ± 1.4" in any 30' and ± 1/2" in the total circumference.

REF : API 653 8.5.6.2 b

ANS : (c)

30) Hot taps are not permitted :-

(a) on the roof of a tank or within the gas / vapour space of a tank;
(b) where heat of welding may cause environmental cracking;
(c) hot (a) and (b);
(d) (a) only.

REF : API 653 – 7.13

ANS : (c)

31) How does the calculation of minimum thickness for a riveted tank shell differ from that of a welded tank shell :-

(a) The formula for the calculation of minimum thickness of a riveted tank shell is the same as for a welded tank
shell except that the maximum allowable stress (S) is 21,000 lbs / sq. inch and the efficiency equals 1 for the shell
plate 6 inches away from rivets;
(b) The formula for the calculation of minimum thickness of a riveted tank shell is exactly the same for a welded
tank;
(c) The formula for the calculation of minimum thickness of a riveted tank shell is the same as for a welded tank
shell except the minimum allowable stress (S) is 21,000 lbs /s q. inch and the efficiency equals 0.85 for the shell
plate 6 inches away from the rivets.
(d) API does not set minimum thickness.

REF : API-653, 2.3.4.1

ANS : (a)

32) How many equally spaced measurement are required for the thickness averaging technique ?
(a) 2;
(b) 5;
(c) 4;
(d) 3.

REF : API 653, 2.3.2.1

ANS : (b)

33) How many settlement measurement points are required for a tank that measures 200 ft. in diameter?

(a) 30;
(b) 8;
(c) 21;
(d) 10.

REF : 653 APP. “B” B-2

ANS : (c)

34) Hydrostatic tests shall be held for ____ hours :-

(a) 2;
(b) 8;
(c) 24;
(d) 72.

REF : API 653 10.3.1.1

ANS : (c)

35) In a riveted tank shell, a butt joint has 3 rows. What is the joint efficiency ?

(a) 0.75;
(b) 0.85;
(c) 0.90;
(d) 0.91.

REF : 653 Table 2-1

ANS : (b)

36) In general, if shell thickness does not exceed ____ inch, it does not require further assessment for brittle fracture
:-

(a) 0.25;
(b) 0.75;
(c) 1.00;
(d) 0.50

REF : 653 Notes for FIG. 3-1

ANS : (d)
37) In tank floors, the maximum depth of bulge or edge settlement is dependent upon :-

(a) Floor thickness;

(b) The radius of an inscribed circle in the area;
(c) Tank diameter;
(d) Tank height.

REF : 653 APP. “B”

ANS : (b)

38) Information needed when determining the rate of corrosion :-

(a) Original thickness or last inspection thickness;

(b) Current thickness;
(c) Length of time in service;
(d) All of the above.

REF : AI 653,

ANS : (d)

39) Inspection history as required in the tank records is :-

(a) all measurements taken, condition of all parts inspected and a record of all tests and examinations;
(b) personnel certification;
(c) training records;
(d) the as built record from the erector.

REF : API 653, 4.8.3

ANS : (a)

40) ______ inspection may be substituted for a program of external UR thickness measurements :-

(a) Hydrostatic;
(b) External;
(c) Acoustic;
(d) Internal.

REF : 653 4.3.3.3

ANS : (d)

41) Inspection of emergency P/V hatches includes :-

(a) Servicing;
(b) Removing oil from seals;
(c) Action to prevent chattering;
(d) Only (a) and (c) above.

REF : API 653, appendix C.2.7.4

ANS : (d)
42) Inspection of insulation :-

(a) is not required;

(b) is done in routine in-service inspections;
(c) requires material traceability records;
(d) only (b) and (c) above.

REF : API 653, 4.3.1.3

ANS : (b)

43) Insulated tanks shall have their insulation removed :-

(a) completely prior to inspection;

(b) yearly;
(c) from welded joints only;
(d) to extent necessary to determine the external condition.

REF : 653 4.3.2.2

ANS : (d)

44) Internal inspection intervals are determined by corrosion rates. Normally, the corrosion rates govern :-

(a) roof;
(b) upper shell;
(c) bottom;
(d) lower shell.

REF : API 653 4.4.2.1

ANS : (c)

45) Internal inspection intervals normally :-

(a) are controlled by bottom corrosion rates;

(b) shall not exceed 20 years;
(c) owner / user is free to set any convenient material;
(d) both (a) and (b) above.

REF : API 653 4.4.2.1

ANS : (d)

46) Internal inspection is primarily to :-

(a) all of the below;

(b) Ensure that the bottom is not corroded and leaking;
(c) Gather data for assessment;
(d) Identify and evaluate bottom settlement.
REF : API – 653, 4.4.1

ANS : (a)

47) Intervals between internal inspections shall be determined by the corrosion rate. Normally, bottom corrosion
rates control the inspection interval. However, in no case shall the interval inspection interval exceed ____ years :-

(a) 10;
(b) 15;
(c) 20;
(d) 25.

REF : API 653 – 4.4.2.1

ANS : (c)

48) Minimum spacing between toes of welds for a radius (R) on a penetration and other welds of 1.25" plate must be
:-

(a) 6";
(b) 7.5";
(c) 3";
(d) 1.25"

REF : API 653 Figure 7-1

ANS : (b)

49) Minimum thickness calculation for shells of tanks 200 ft. or less in diameter shall be done using ____ :-

(a) the variable design point method fo API 650;

(b) ASME section VII, div. 1;
(c) the formula given in API 653;
(d) either (a) or (c) may be used.

REF : 653 2.3.3.2

ANS : (d)

50) Piping connections such as nozzles shall be inspected for :-

(a) structural adequacy;

(b) thickness of component;
(c) reinforcement;
(d) all of the above.
REF : API 653, 2.3.9

ANS : (d)

51) Procedure qualification for welding on a tank of unknown or obsolete material shall be done using test coupons
of :-

(a) any P-1 material;

(b) any similar type material;
(c) material from the same P number grouping;
(d) actual material from the tank.

REF : 653 9.1.2

ANS : (d)

52) Repairs of cracks in the shell-to-bottom :-

(a) are only necessary if they exceed 0.25" in length;

(b) are performed on an individual basis, according to extent of damage;
(c) may be welded over and left as is without reinspection;
(d) both (b) and (c) above.

REF : API-653, 2.3.6

ANS : (b)

53) Rewelding vertical joints requires cutting horizontal welds back from the joint a minimum of ____ inches :-

(a) 1/2;
(b) 1;
(c) 2;
(d) 12.

REF : API 653 Figure 7-1

ANS : (d)

54) Routine visual inspection by Owner / Operator personnel shall be done at least :-

(a) annually;
(b) bi-monthly;
(c) monthly;
(d) semi-annually.

REF : 653 4.3.1.2

ANS : (c)

55) With a vertical sweep board 36 inches long, banding on reconstructed tanks shall not exceed ____ inch(s) :-

(a) 1/2";
(b) 3/4";
(c) 1";
(d) 1 ½".

REF : API-653, 8.5.5

ANS : (c)
56) Scheduled external inspections shall be performed a tleast :-

(a) the lesser of every 5 years of 1/2 corrosion rate of the shell life;
(b) the lesser of every 5 years or 1/4 corrosion rate of the shell life;
(c) the lesser of every 10 years or 1/2 corrosion rate of the shell life;
(d) the lesser of every 10 years or 1/4 corrosion rate of the shell life.

REF : API 653 4.3.2.1

ANS : (c)

57) Shell penetrations experiencing corrosion must be assessed and :-

(a) tank rerated;

(b) repair procedures established;
(c) tank removed from service;
(d) both (a) and (b) above.

REF : API 653, 2.3.9

ANS : (d)

58) Small punctures in floating roof systems :-

(a) may be ignored if they have been determined to be non-critical;

(b) shall be repaired;
(c) shall be replaced;
(d) either (b) or (c) above.

REF : API-653 2.2.3.1

ANS : (d)

59) Tank grounding shunts shall be inspected :-

(a) visually;
(b) infrared camera;
(c) by a certified electrician;
(d) need no inspection.

REF : API 653, 4.3.2.4

ANS : (a)

60) Tanks reconstructed in accordance to API-653 shall be identified with a corrosion-resistant metal nameplate
with letters not less than ____" high :-

(a) 5/32;
(b) 7/32;
(c) 9/32;
(d) 3/32.

REF :-653, 11.1.1

ANS : (a)

61)Tests for leaks in reinforcing plate welds require ____ psig :-

(a) upto 2.5;

(b) upto 15;
(c) upto 21;
(d) upto 30.

REF : API 653/10.4 & 650 5.3.5

ANS : (b)

62) The "critical zone" for tank bottom repairs is the area within the annular plate ring, within inches of the shell or
within inches of the inside edge of the annular plate ring:-

(a) 12, 6;
(b) 6, 12;
(c) 12, 12;
(d) 6, 6

REF : 653, 7.9.11

ANS : (c)

63) The "L" in actual thickness determination for each shell course :

(a) may be greater than 40";

(b) is valid only when corroded area is less than 40"; 42
(c) applies even if corroded area is greater than L;
(d) requires converting "D" from feet to inches.

REF : API 653, 2.3.2.1 See Note

ANS : (c)

64) The API 653 standard covers the maintenance inspection, repairs, alteration, relocation and reconstruction of
tanks constructed to which one of the following standards :-

(a) ASME;
(b) API 651;
(c) API 65;
(d) API 650.

REF : 653 1.1.1

ANS : (d)

65) The assessment period for inspection of tank bottom integrity is :-

(a) is always 5 years;

(b) is fixed by corrosion rate;
(c) less than or equal to the appropriate internal inspection interval given in API-653 4.4.2
(d) determined by the designer.

REF : API-653, 2.4.1

ANS : (c)

66) The complete or partial removal and replacement of more than 12 inches of a vertical weld joining shell plates is
considered a :-

(a) minor alteration;

(b) minor repair;
(c) major alteration;
(d) major repair.

REF : 653 10.3.1.2 (c)

ANS : (d)

67) The determining factor for intervals between internal and external inspections :-

(a) Change of service to a higher specific gravity;

(b) Tank service history provided earlier inspection is not required by special reasons;
(c) Corrosion activity either known or suspected.
(d) Governmental regulations

REF : 653 4.4.2.1

ANS : (b)

68)The first checks for tanks out-of-service are :-

(a) (b) and (d) below;

(b) cleaned, gas freed and safe for entry;
(c) hammer test the roof;
(d) complete isolation.

REF : API 653 Table C-2.1 a & b

ANS : (a)

69) The formula for maximum bulge or depression of a tank bottom is :-

(a) B = 0.37 R, gives an Answer in feet;

(b) B = 0.37 R gives an Answer in inches;
(c) B + 0.37" is the minimum;
(d) B = 0.37 + R

REF : API 653 B.3.3

ANS : (d)

70) The inspection interval for a tank is determined by :-

(a) size;
(b) service history;
(c) the manufacturer;
(d) type of tank.

REF : 653 4.2.2

ANS : (b)

71) The maximum acceptable undercutting for base metal in repaired or altered horizontal welds is :-

(a) 1/64";
(b) 1/32";
(c) 1/16";
(d) 1/8"

REF : API-653, 8.4.2.5

ANS : (b)

72) The maximum acceptable undercutting for base metal in vertical welds is :-

(a) 1/64";
(b) 1/32";
(c) 1/16";
(d) 1/8,

REF : API-653, 8.4.2.5

ANS : (a)

73) The maximum interval between internal inspections shall not exceed ____ years :-
(a) 10;
(b) 20;
(c) 5;
(d) 15.

REF : 653 4.4.2.1

ANS : (b)

74) The maximum spacing between settlement measurement points shall be :-

(a) 30 ft.;
(b) 20 ft.;
(c) 40 ft.;
(d) 25 ft.

REF : 653 APP. “B”

ANS : (a)

75) The minimum dimension for replacement shell plate is 12 times t or ____ inches :-

(a) 8;
(b) 18;
(c) 6;
(d) 12.

REF : API 653 7.2.2.1

ANS : (d)

76) The minimum interval for external inspection by a qualified inspector is ____ years or at the quarter corrosion-
rate life of the shell, whichever is less :-

(a) Twenty;
(b) Five;
(c) Ten;
(d) Fifteen.

REF : API-653, 4.3.2.1, 4.4.2.1

ANS : (b)

77) The minimum thickness of an annular plate ring is usually greater than :-

(a) 0.10;
(b) 0.25;
(c) 0.0625;
(d) 0.1875.

REF : 653 2.4.8.1

ANS : (a)

78) The proper method for dismantling tank bottoms that are to be reused shall be cut by:-

(a) deseaming of lapwelds;

(b) cutting alongside remaining welds at a minimum of 2 inches from existing welds;
(c) cutting alongside remaining welds at a minimum of 3 inches from existing welds;
(d) Both (a) and (b) are acceptable.

REF : API 653-8.3.2.1

ANS : (d)

79) The purchaser has not specified the use of 1-foot method for calculating thickness and L/H 2, therefore, what
is the shell plate thickness for the first course for the following tank design ?
Height = 40 feet
Diameter = 260 feet
Stress @ test condition = 30,000 psi
Specific gravity = 1.0
Course Length = 8 feet
Corrosion Allowance = 0
Joint Efficiency = .0

(a) 1.209";
(b) 1.171";
(c) 0.856";
(d) 1.038"

REF : 650 3.6.4.3 Table K-2

ANS : (c)

80) The sequence of welding of the shell-to-bottom :-

(a) is the welder's option;

(b) is not addressed;
(c) is completed after the bottom joints are fully welded;
(d) must be completed before the welding of bottom joints.

REF : API-653, 8.4.3.2

ANS : (d)

81) The shell plate formula tmin =

(a) only (b) and (c) below;

(b) is only valid if tmin is not les than 0.1";
(c) applies only to tanks less than 200' in diameter;
(d) does not apply to riveted construction.

REF : API 653 2.3.3.1

ANS : (c)

82) The tank shall be cleaned and ____ prior to commencement of dismantling :-

(a) gas-freed;
(b) inspected;
(c) surveyed;
(d) cleaned;

REF : API-653, - 8.2

ANS : (a)

83) The thickness to be used for each shell course when checking the tank design after reconstruction shall be based
on measurements taken within ____ days prior to relocation :-

(a) 45;
(b) 90;
(c) 180;
(d) 360.

REF : API-653, 6.4.1

ANS : (c)
84) The variable design point method shall be used for tanks greater than ____ in diameter :-

(a) 50';
(b) 200';
(c) 150';
(d) 200'.

REF : API-653, 2.3.3.3

ANS : (d)

85) Thickness readings taken on a tank shell after 5 years of service show a minimum thickness of 0.420 inches. The
data sheet shows the original thickness as 0.5 inches. What is the corrosion rate for the tank :-

(a) 0.008;
(b) 0.0016;
(c) 0.016;
(d) 0

REF : API-653 4.3.3.22

ANS : (c)

86) Three types of external inspections are :-

(a) scheduled, routine and liquid penetrant;

(b) scheduled, routine and UT thickness;
(c) scheduled out of service, routine and UT thickness;
(d) unscheduled, routine and liquid penetrant.

REF : API 653-4.3.1, 4.3.2 & 4.3.3

ANS : (b)

87) To be an alteration a nozzle must be :-

(a) 12" or greater NPS nozzles;

(b) greater than 12" NPS nozzles;
(c) greater than 2" NPS nozzles;
(d) greater than 10" NPS nozzles.

REF : API 653, 1.5.1 (a)

ANS : (b)

88) To be certified under the program which of the following educational and experience requirements must be met
:-

(a) A degree in engineering plus 6 months of experience in inspection of tanks, pressure vessels, or piping;
(b) A two-year certificate in engineering or technical college and two years of experience in construction, repair,
operation, or inspection of tanks, pressure vessels or piping;
(c) The equivalent of a high school education and three years of experience in construction, repair, operation or
inspection of which one year must be in inspection of tanks, pressure vessels or piping;
(d) Four years of experience in the inspection of above ground storage tanks in petroleum / chemical industries.
REF : 653 4.10

ANS : (c)

89) To evaluate tank settlement, elevation measurements are performed and compared with measurements marked
just after construction. Where are these measurements made ?

(a) Tank circumference, tank height;

(b) Tank diameter, tank height;
(c) Tank height, tank base;
(d) Tank circumference, tank diameter.

REF : API-653, Appendix B.2.

ANS : (d)

90) Welded joints that have experienced metal loss due to corrosion :-

(a) must be X-Rayed prior to further use;

(b) may be repaired by welding;
(c) may be repaired by grinding;
(d) all of the above.

REF : API 653, 7.5.3

ANS : (b)

91) Welder or welding operator's identification marks shall be located adjacent to completed welds at intervals not
exceeding :-

(a) 9 feet;
(b) 6 feet;
(c) 3 feet;
(d) As identified on the approved welding procedure specification.

REF : API 653 – 9.2.1

ANS : (c)

92) Welding Procedure Specifications (WPS), and welders and welding operators must be qualified in accordance
with ____ :-

(a) API-653;
(b) API-650;
(c) Section V of the ASME;
(d) Section IX of the ASME

REF : API-653, 9.1.1

ANS : (d)
93)What are the two general approaches for determining minimum thicknesses of tank bottom plate and briefly
describe their differences :-

(a) Deterministic and Probabilistic;

(b) Probabilistic and Actualistic;
(c) Actualistic and Deterministic;
(d) Variable design and Actual thickness determination.

REF : API-653, 2.4.7

ANS : (a)

94) What is calcination :-

(a) An accumulation of a mineral coating on the lining of the tank;

(b) Increase of water of hydration;
(c) Loss of water of hydration;
(d) Form of tank deterioration.

REF : API-653, 2.5.1.2

ANS : (c)

95) What is the distance in inches, that both a roof plate or a shell bottom must be cut from the weld when
dismantling a shell tank :-

(a) One;
(b) Two;
(c) Four;
(d) Six.

REF : API-653, 8.3.2; API-653, 8.3.4.1

ANS : (b)

96) What is the maximum depth of a depreciation, oval in shape, which measures 18 feet long by 11 feet wide ?

(a) 6.6";
(b) 24.42";
(c) 4.07";
(d) 2.035".

REF : 653 APP. “B” B-5

ANS : (d)

97) What is the maximum depth of edge settlement if the distance from the inside of the shell to the bend point of
the depression is 7 feet ?
(a) 2.59";
(b) 1.295";
(c) 5.18";
(d) 31.08".

REF : 653 APP. “B”

ANS : (a)

98) What is the maximum interval between external UT thickness measurements for a tank, given the following
information ? Remaining CA = 0.064", Corrosion rate is 0.008" per year.

(a) 5 yrs;
(b) 4 yrs;
(c) 8 yrs;
(d) 3 – 1/2 yrs.

REF : 653 4.3.3.2

ANS : (b)

99) What is the maximum reinforcement allowed on a 1/2" thick vertical butt weld made on a reconstructed tank ?
(a) 3/16;
(b) 3/32;
(c) 1/8;
(d) 1/4.

REF : API-653, 8.4.2.6

ANS : (b)

100) What is the maximum spacing between settlement measurement points ?

(a) 20 feet;
(b) 30 feet;
(c) 35 feet;
(d) 50 feet.

REF : API 653 – 10.5.1.2

ANS : (b)

101) What is the minimum acceptable shell plate thickness for a tank shell made of A 283 grade C material, 70 feet
in diameter and 50 feet high ? Specific gravity of contents is 0.8. Original joint efficiency was 100 %.

(a) 0.356;
(b) 0.339;
(c) 0.480;
(d) 0.304.

REF : API-653 2.3.3.1

ANS : (d)

102) Windgirders are evaluated for :-

(a) Corrosion of structural elements;

(b) attachment welds;
(c) the same evaluation as for shell stiffeners;
(d) all of the above.

REF : API 653 2.3.7

ANS : (d)
103) What is the minimum number of settlement measurement points ?

(a) 4;
(b) 6;
(c) 8;
(d) 10.

REF : API 653 – 10.5.1.2

ANS : (c)

104) What is the minimum required number of settlement measurement points for a 200' diameter tank ?
(a) 10;
(b) 8;
(c) 21;
(d) 20.

REF : API 653 – 10.5.1.2

ANS : (c)

105) What is the radii tolerance measured at 1 foot above the shell to bottom for a reconstructed 125 foot diameter
tank ?

(a) +/- 1/2;

(b) +/- 3/4;
(c) +/- 1;
(d) +/- 1 1/4.

REF : 653 8.5.3

ANS : (b)

106) What is the title of API Publication 2015A ?

(a) "Guide for Controlling the Lead Hazard Associated with Tank Entry and Cleaning."
(b) "Cleaning Open-Top and Covered Floating-Roof Tanks"
(c) "Guidelines for Confined Space Work in the Petroleum Industry"
(d) "Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage"

REF : API-653, 1.6

ANS : (a)

107) What must be done to the tank prior to dismantling to insure proper alignment after the tank is reconstructed ?

(a) Atleast four sets of matching centre punch marks should be placed at the top and bottom edges of each shell
plate.
(b) Atleast two sets of matching centre punch marks shall be placed at the top and bottom edges of each shell plate.
(c) Atleast three alignment tabs shall be tack welded to the top and bottom edges of the each shell plate.
(d) Atleast two sets of matching centre punch marks may be placed at the top and side edges of each shell plate.

REF : API-653, 8.3.5.2

ANS : (b)
108) What are NDE methods and to what extent shall they be used for the examination of repairs to butt welds ?

(a) MT and PT over full length;

(b) MT and PT spot;
(c) UT and RT over full length;
(d) UT or RT over full length.

REF : API 653 – 10.1.3.2

ANS : (d)

109) What of the following are not principal causes of shell distortion :-

(a) Thinning caused by corrosion;

(b) Foundation settlement;
(c) Over-or under-pressuring;
(d) High wind.

REF : API-653, 2.3.5

ANS : (a)

110) What spacing must be used for a settlement survey of a 100’ diameter tank ?
(a) 31.4’;
(b) 30’;
(c) 28.56’;
(d) 31’4”.

REF : API 653 2.3.3.1

ANS : (c)

111) When a new nameplate is attached, the existing nameplate :-

(a) is removed;
(b) is covered by the new name plated;
(c) is located next to the new name plate;
(d) is left for the owner / user to keep on file

REF : API-653, 11.1.2

ANS : (c)

112) When alternative inspection intervals are selected, the owner / user :-

(a) shall document the procedure and make it part of the permanent record;
(b) alternatives are not allowed;
(c) alternative method shall include method for determining bottom plate thickness;
(d) both (a) and (c) above.

REF : API 653 4.4.3

ANS : (d)
113) When calculating the maximum liquid level for reconstructed tanks, the required corrosion allowance shall be
:-

(a) deducted from the actual thickness before calculating maximum liquid level;
(b) added to actual thickness before calculating maximum liquid level;
(c) not be considered when calculating maximum liquid level;
(d) deducted from the original design thickness.

REF : API 653 – 6.4.4

ANS : (a)

114) When determining average thickness in a corroded area of a shell, a minimum of equally paced measurements
shall be taken over a length of L.

(a) 10;
(b) 5;
(c) 8;
(d) 6.

REF : 653 2.3.2.1 (c)

ANS : (b)

115) When evaluating roof support systems, special attention should be paid to:

(a) Rafters;
(b) Prior repairs;
(c) Distortions;
(d) The possibility of severe internal corrosion of pipe columns.

REF : API – 653, 2.2.2

ANS : (d)

116) When is pitting an important factor in determining tank shell acceptability ?

(a) When pits are 1/4" in diameter;

(b) When the pits are 1/8” in diameter.
(c) When the pits are present in a severe form in close proximity.
(d) Pitting always represents a significant threat.

REF : API-653, 2.3.1.3; 2.3.2.2

ANS : (c)
117) When replacing rim-mounted shoe seals on a floating roof, no more than of the seal should be out of service at
any one time.
(a) 1/4;
(b) 1/2;
(c) 1/3;
(d) 1/8.
REF : API-653 7.12.1
ANS : (a)

118) When required, how long shall a full hydrostatic be held ?

18 hours;
(b) 24 hours;
(c) 36 hours;
(d) 38 hours.
REF : API 653 – 10.3.1.1
ANS : (b)

119) When reusing the entire bottom in the intact condition, the shell cut shall be a minimum of inch(es) above the
top of the bottom plate :-

1/2;
(b) 6 except where crossing existing welds;
(c) 12;
(d) 12 is the maximum.

REF : API 653 8.3.2.2

ANS : (c)

120) When the corrosion rate is not known or determinable from similar service experience, actual bottom plate
thickness shall be determined by inspection within the next years of operation :-

(a) 10;
(b) 7;
(c) 5;
(d) 3.

REF : 653 4.4.2.2

ANS : (a)

121) When the tank is out of service, additional bottom plate examination includes :-

(a)All of the below;

(b) ultrasonic;
(c) hammer testing;
(d) turning of coupons

REF : API 653 Appendix C, C.1.1.4

ANS : (a)
122) When ultrasonic thickness measurements are used to take in-service thickness measurements, what is the
maximum interval for reinspection on a tank corroding at a rate of 1.13 mils per year and has a remaining corrosion
allowance of 22 mils ?
(a) 5 years;
(b) 9 years;
(c) 15 years;
(d) 20 years.

REF : API 653 – 4.3.3.2

ANS : (b)

123) When used, in-service UT thickness measurements shall be taken :-

10 years after commissioning;

15 year intervals where corrosion rate is unknown;
the smaller of RCA/2N or 15 years;
all of the above.
REF : API 653 4.3.3.2
ANS : (c)

124) Which is not a factor in determining intervals between internal inspections for storage tanks :-

(a)Measured during previous inspection;

(b)Based on experience with similar tanks;
(c)Anticipated corrosion rate;
(d)Consistent with conditions at a particular site.

REF : API-653, 4.4.2

ANS : (d)

125) Which item is not found on a gauge well ?

(a) hold-off distance;

(b) marker vapour control float;
(c) blow-down valve;
(d) pipe seal system.
REF : API 653, Appendix C.2.1.1.1
ANS : (c)

126) Which of the following is a principle cause of concrete foundation deterioration :-

Attack by frost;
(b) Rusting;
(c) Wind load;
(d) Floods.
REF : API-653, 2.5
ANS : (a)

127) Which of the following is not a cause of bottom failure :-

(a) Stresses placed on the bottom plates by roof support loads and shell settlement;
(b) Inadequate drainage;
(c) Rock or gravel foundation pads with inadequately filled-in surface voids;
(d) Operating conditions.
REF : API-653, 2.4.2
ANS : (d)

128)Which of the following is not a factor in determining suitability for service of shell tanks :-

(a) Internal corrosion due to the product or water bottoms;

(b) Location relative to other tanks;
(c)Chemical analysis and mechanical properties of the materials of construction;
(d)Tank foundation, soil and settlement conditions.

REF : API-653, 2.1.3

ANS : (b)
Which of the following is not a shell distortion ?

(a)undersize weld;
(b) out of roundness;
(c) flat spots;
(d) buckled areas.

REF : API 653, 2.3.5.1

ANS : (a)

129)Which of the following is not required information on a nameplate :-

(a) Edition and revision number;

(b) Shell material for shell course;
(c) Nominal diameter;
(d) Test Pressure.

REF : API-653, 11.1.1

ANS : (d)

130) Which of the following is not true regarding dismantling of the shell :-
(a) Temporary attachments welds must be ground flush;
(b) Shell stiffener rings, including wind girders and top angles, may be removed;
(c) Shell stiffener rings, including wind girders and top angles, may be left attached;
(d) Temporary attachments welds need not be ground flush.

REF : API-653, 8.3.3.2 ANS : (d)

131)Which of the following is not true regarding small punctures in a floating roof plate :-

(a) May be ignored if they have been determined to be non-critical;

(b)Shall be repaired;
(c)Shall have affected sections replaced;
(d) Is considered a change from the original condition.

REF : API-653 2.2.3.1

ANS : (a)

132)Which of the following types of welds do not need welder identification ?

(a) Shell vertical welds;

 (b) Roof Plate welds;
(c) Flange-to-nozzle-neck welds;
(d) Both (b) and (c)
REF : API-653, 9.2.2 ANS : (d)

133)Widely scattered pits may be ignored provided that the sum of their dimensions along any vertical line does not
exceed 2 inch in an 8 inch length and no pit depth results in a shell thickness of less than of the minimum thickness
exclusive of corrosion allowance :-

(a) 5/8;
(b) 3/4;
(c) 1/2;
(d) 2/3.

REF : API-653 2.3.2.2

ANS : (c)