TITLE:-

Automatic Wiper System

 CONTENTS

 Introduction
 Background & Motivation
 Abstract
 Block Diagram
 Circuit Diagram
 Theoretical Background
 Further Direction
 INTRODUCTION
A windscreen wiper or windshield wiper is a device used to remove rain, snow, ice and debris
from a windscreen or windshield. Almost all motor vehicles, including cars, trucks, train
locomotives, watercraft with a cabin and some aircraft, are equipped with such wipers, which are
usually a legal requirement. A wiper generally consists of a metal arm, pivoting at one end and
with a long rubber blade attached to the other. The arm is powered by a motor, often an electric
motor, although pneumatic power is also used in some vehicles. The blade is swung back and
forth over the glass, pushing water or other precipitation from its surface. The speed is normally
adjustable, with several continuous speeds and often one or more "intermittent" settings. Most
automobiles use two synchronized radial type arms, while many commercial vehicles use one or
more pantograph arms. Wipers may be powered by a variety of means, although most in use
today are powered by an electric motor through a series of mechanical components, typically two
4-bar linkages in series or parallel. So here we propose an automatic wiper system that
automatically switches ON on detecting rain and stops when rain stops. Our project brings
forward this system to automate the wiper system having no need for manual intervention. For
this purpose we use rain sensor along with 555 timer and transistor to drive the wiper motor. Our
system uses rain sensor to detect rain, this signal is then processed by 555 timer and take the
desired action. The rain sensor works on the principle of using water for completing its circuit, so
when rain falls on it it’s circuit gets completed and sends out a signal to 555 timer IC and drive
the motor to simulate car wiper action. systems become an even more appealing feature, as they
work to minimize the time the driver must take his/her hands off the wheel. These systems detect
droplets of rain on the windshield and automatically turn on and adjust the wiper system in
accordance to the level of precipitation. Current rain-sensing systems use an optical sensor to
detect the presence of water on the windshield, and relay wiper control data to the vehicle's body
control module (BCM).Over the past two decades, the automotive industry has aggressively
researched ways to exploit modern computing and electronic advances in the development
of safety, reliability, and entertainment technologies. Despite this, automatic rain-sensing
wiper systems are relatively uncommon in modern vehicles for a number of reasons. They are
often too expensive, too unsightly, or too unreliable to be desired in new automobiles. Many
attempts have been made at constructing an effective, reliable, and cheap rain detection and
wiper control system for vehicles speed and intermittent interval automatically according to
the amount of rain. To measure the amount of water usually use optical sensor. In this type of
sensors uses the fact that the refraction angle and the amount of reflection of the light are
different when the 2 windshield is wet. Even though optical sensors are used widely they have
some disadvantage. One of disadvantages is the sensitivity to external light. Another problem is
occurs when car drive at night or gone through tunnel and even in underground parking. For this
many systems still activate the wiper when the car comes out of tunnels or underground
parking lot. Another shortfall, maybe a major one is that the sensing area is a relatively small
portion of windshield. Hence the system operates only with limited area.
 BACKGROUND & MOTIVATION
Nowadays automatic wiper blades can be found in plenty of new cars. But wipers that activate
themselves when it rains and adjust their speed when it gets heavier or lighter weren't always
commonplace—nor did they work as seamlessly as they do today.

Buick, or at lest General Motors, has a historical link to the automatic wiper blade. In 1996, the
Cadillac STS, Eldorado, and DeVille featured Rainsense, the first system that could see rain and
activate without driver input. It hit the Buick brand months later with the debut of the 1997
model year Park Avenue. Earlier attempts at automatic wipers, like on the 1970 Citroën SM,
weren't so sophisticated. The Citroën system adjusted the intermittent wiper delay based on the
electrical current draw of the wiper motor. A wiper blade glides more smoothly over a wet
windshield, using less energy, and a control circuit in the SM used that to indirectly determine if
rain was present. But the SM was an expensive and relatively rare car, and there were few other
attempts at improving upon the basic intermittent wiper.

GM still calls its automatic system Rainsense, and its basic function hasn't changed much since
1996. Rain is, well, sensed by a module mounted on the inside of the windshield, behind the
rearview mirror. It contains eight LEDs and a set of light collectors. When the weather is dry, the
LED light bounces off the windshield and into the collectors.

Eighteen years ago this was incredibly high tech. Early versions of the GM system required the
driver to activate the automatic mode, and the wiper blades would move up from the parked
position. It worked, mostly. Conditions like fine mist from road spray wouldn't always trigger the
sensors, and a trip through the car wash could result in hilariously disastrous consequences.

MOTIVATION

APPLICATIONS

 It is used in four wheeler

 It is used in aircraft
 It is used in train
 It is used in six wheeler

ADVANTAGES

 Low cost automation project.

 Free from wear adjustment.
 Less power consumption.
 Operating principle is very easy Installation is simple.
 Sensor cost is very low due to the use of conductive sensor.
 ABSTRACT
Over the past two decades, the automotive industry has aggressively researched

ways to exploit modern computing and electronic advances in the development of safety,

reliability, and entertainment technologies for vehicles. with drivers exposed to an ever

increasing number of distractions, automatic rain-sensing wiper systems become an even

more appealing feature, as they work to minimize the time the driver must take his/her

hands off the wheel. most traditional systems offer intermittent as well as variable speed

operation.The traditional wiper system however requires driver constant attention in adjusting

the wiper speed traditional windshield wiper speed constantly varies according to time and

vehicle’s speed because the manual adjustment of the wiper distracts driver's attention,

which may be a direct cause accidents. this is review paper for automatic wiper in various

method and also explain the basic skeleton for adjust speed of wiper automatically cording

to the amount of water on the windshield and in addition with also in advance removal of

moisture inside the car while raining. the system activates the wiper to operate in full

automatic mode and detect moister using can technology

BLOCK DIAGRAM
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
THEORITICAL BACKGROUND
FURTHER DIRECTION