Formal Project Proposal

Survey paper on “Spatial Data Mining Systems”

1. Introduction

Spatial data mining is a rapidly emerging field in earth observation studies. Spatial data mining is
the process of discovering interesting, useful, non-trivial patterns from large spatial datasets. It
has wide applications like geographic information systems, geo marketing, remote sensing,
image database exploration, medical imaging navigation, traffic control, environmental studies.
The basic need for spatial data mining is for consideration of use in certain application domains
and provides fundamental new understanding. A crucial challenge to spatial data mining is the
exploration of efficient spatial data mining techniques due to the huge amount of spatial data and
the complexity of spatial data types and spatial access methods.

Several Spatial Data Mining Systems have been developed for different data sets (domains).

This paper aims at discussing various spatial data mining systems such as GEODMA which is
referred as a novel system for spatial data mining for remote sensing datasets.

VegaMiner POI is another Spatial Data Mining System for POI Datasets.
For positional and topological spatial data, a spatial DM system called SD-Miner that provides
proper spatial data mining techniques with improved effectiveness and efficiency for real
application has been developed.
For dynamically evolving spatial data, an approach STING+ has been proposed. For Spatio-
temporal moving data, STMPM (Spatio Temporal Moving pattern Mining) algorithm is proposed
as the new method to efficiently extract the periodical or sequential frequent moving patterns
from enormous sets.
For Scientific datasets, a generalized framework has been proposed to effectively discover
different types of spatial and spatio temporal patterns in scientific datasets. Spatial Co-location
pattern mining is another interesting and important issue in spatial data mining area which
discovers the subsets of features whose events are frequently located together in geographic
space.
An STCP-Miner algorithm was proposed to mine spatio-temporal co-location patterns in both
synthetic data sets and a real world data set.
The paper thus leads a detailed discussion of these Spatial Data Mining Systems in further
sections.

2. Related Work

Several Spatial Data Mining Systems are described for different datasets. A list of the
work done is presented in this section.
The paper [3] deals with a data mining system GeoDMA which is referred as a novel system for
spatial data mining. This paper aims to show a new system for spatial data mining for remote
sensing data. The system can reach better results, since the concept of neighborhood, intrinsic to
the geographical analysis is explored. It also incorporates features for best attribute set selection.
The system can deal with all types of spatial applications where the input is described by images
and regions.

In paper [4] Vega Miner POI approach has been developed for POI (Point of interest)
datasets. In this approach a new scalable data mining architecture has been proposed on Vega
GIS 3.0 platform to design and develop a professional spatial data mining system.

Paper [5] deals with positional and topological spatial data. A spatial DM system
called SD-Miner that provides proper spatial data mining techniques with improved effectiveness
and efficiency for real application has been developed. In order to verify the practicability of SD-
Miner, meaningful results have been found by performing spatial data mining with real world
spatial data.

Paper [6] deals with dynamically evolving spatial data. An approach STING+ has
been proposed. This approach achieves three orders of magnitude improvement over the naïve
approach that re-evaluates the condition over the database for each update. This scheme can
support incremental query processing as well. In STING+, users can define triggers to monitor
the change of spatial data efficiently. If certain changes occur, the trigger will be fixed
immediately and actions defined by the user will be taken.

Paper [7] deals Spatio-temporal moving data. STMPM (Spatio Temporal Moving pattern
Mining) algorithm is proposed as the new method to efficiently extract the periodical or
sequential frequent moving patterns from enormous sets.

Paper [8] deals with scientific datasets. A generalized framework has been proposed to
effectively discover different types of spatial and spatio temporal patterns in scientific datasets.
Such patterns can be used to capture a variety of interactions among objects of interest and the
evolutionary behavior of such interactions.

Spatial Co-location pattern mining as discussed in paper [9] is another interesting and
important issue in spatial data mining area which discovers the subsets of features whose events
are frequently located together in geographic space. An STCP-Miner algorithm was proposed to
mine spatio-temporal co-location patterns in both synthetic data sets and a real world data set.

Each data mining system has its own specific contribution towards mining spatial
datasets.

This approach also provides for future work.

3. Classification Criteria

A Typical Spatial Data Mining System can be classified based on several factors. One such
factor is dataset.

Different Datasets Spatial Data Mining System

Remote Sensing Data GeoDMA- Novel System
Point of Interest Data Vega Miner POI System
Scientific Data SOAP Mining System
Positional and Topological Data SD-Miner System
Dynamically evolving spatial data STING+ System
Frequent Moving Data STMPM System
Synthetic Datasets STCP Miner

4. Contribution of the papers

The paper contributes various Spatial Data Mining Systems. They are described as below:

The paper refers to GeoDMA which is a novel system for spatial data mining. This paper aims to
show a new system for spatial data mining for remote sensing data. The paper also throws light
on POI (Point of interest) datasets for which a new scalable data mining architecture has been
proposed on Vega GIS 3.0 platform to design and develop a professional spatial data mining
system. Further sections include positional and topological spatial data for which a spatial DM
system called SD-Miner that provides proper spatial data mining techniques with improved
effectiveness and efficiency for real application has been developed. For dynamically evolving
spatial data, an approach STING+ has been proposed. This approach achieves three orders of
magnitude improvement over the naïve approach that re-evaluates the condition over the
database for each update. This scheme can support incremental query processing as well.
For Spatio-temporal moving data, STMPM (Spatio Temporal Moving pattern Mining) algorithm
is proposed as the new method to efficiently extract the periodical or sequential frequent moving
patterns from enormous sets. For Scientific datasets, a generalized framework has been proposed
to effectively discover different types of spatial and spatio temporal patterns in scientific
datasets. Such patterns can be used to capture a variety of interactions among objects of interest
and the evolutionary behavior of such interactions. Spatial Co-location pattern mining is another
interesting and important issue in spatial data mining area which discovers the subsets of features
whose events are frequently located together in geographic space. An STCP-Miner algorithm
was proposed to mine spatio-temporal co-location patterns in both synthetic data sets and a real
world data set.
5. References

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