1

ABSTRACT

The project deals with a planning, designing and estimation of Post office
(G+1).

During this period our team members put off full effort and showed keep
interest on this project. We hope which we learnt from this project will be helpful
for our future carrier. A special attention as taken from various members, which we
learned during the courses study.

The proposed post office as a site area of approx. 1500 sq.m.it is planned in
such a way it meets all the facilities needed by the accommodator. The post office
comprises of G+1

The design value and design for all structural members are in limit statement
method of design by recognized value is IS 456-2000, Sp-16 code provision.
 2

LIST OF SYMBOLS
 3

LIST OF SYMBOLS

S.No SYMBOL DESCRIPTION

1 D Effective depth

2 D Overall Depth

3 ly Longer span

4 lx Shorter span

5 W Factored load

6 αx Bending moment coeff shorter direction

7 αy Bending moment coeff longer direction

8 dreq Depth required

9 Mu Bending moment

10 Mulim Ultimate moment

11 Ast Area of steel in tension

12 Asc Area of steel in compression

13 fy Grade of steel

14 Fck Grade of concrete

15 Xu Depth of neural axis

16 B Breadth

17 Ast Reinforcement required

18 Ast (pro) Reinforcement provided

19 P Percentage of steel

20 ϕ Diameter of bar
 4

21 Peq Equivallennt load

22 Tv Nominal shear stress

23 Tc Shear capacity of concrete

24 DL Dead load

25 LL Live load

26 Lx Effective length on shorter span

27 Ly Effective length on longer span

28 Sv Spacing of stirrups

29 V Shear force

30 Vu Design shear force

31 Pu Ultimate axial load

32 Ag Gross sectional area of column

 5

DESCRIPTION AND
SPECIFICATION
 6

DESCRIPTION OF STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS

SLABS

Concrete slab, a very common and important structural element, are

constructed to provide flat, useful surfaces. It is a horizontal structural component,
with top and bottom surfaces parallel or near so.

Concrete Slab

The depth of a concrete slab floor is very small compared to its span. Slabs
may be supported on two sides only or have beams on all four sides.

Concrete Slab Support

 The concrete slab may be supported by

 Masonry or reinforced concrete Walls
 Monolithically casted reinforcement concrete beams
 Structural steel members
 Columns
 The ground

Concrete Slab Construction

Concrete floor slabs may be in situ or prefabricated. The in situ concrete slab
floor are built using form-work, which is commonly made of wooden planks &
boards, plastic or steel. Usually ground slabs do not require any form-work.

Concrete Slab Reinforcement

Reinforcing steel for slabs is primarily parallel to slab surface. Straight bar
reinforcement is generally used, although sometimes alternative cranked bar is used.
 7

COLUMNS

A column or pillar in architecture and structural engineering is a structural

element that transmits, through compression, the weight of the structure above to
other structural elements below. In other words, a column is a compression member.
The term column applies especially to a large round support (the shaft of the column)
with a capital and a base or pedestal and made of stone, or appearing to be so. A
small wooden or metal support is typically called a post, and supports with a
rectangular or other non-round section are usually called piers. For the purpose of
wind or earthquake engineering, columns may be designed to resist lateral forces.
Other compression members are often termed "columns" because of the similar
stress conditions. Columns are frequently used to support beams or arches on which
the upper parts of walls or ceilings rest. In architecture, "column" refers to such a
structural element that also has certain proportional and decorative features. A
column might also be a decorative element not needed for structural purposes; many
columns are "engaged", that is to say form part of a wall.

BEAMS

A beam is a structural element that is capable of withstanding load primarily

by resisting against bending. The bending force induced into the material of the beam
as a result of the external loads, own weight, span and external reactions to these
loads is called a bending moment. Beams are characterized by their profile (shape
of cross-section), their length, and their material.

Beams are traditionally descriptions of building or civil engineering structural

elements, but smaller structures such as truck or automobile frames, machine frames,
and other mechanical or structural systems contain beam structures that are designed
and analyzed in a similar fashion. Historically beams were squared timbers but are
 8

also metal, stone, or combinations of wood and metal such as a flitch beam. Beams
generally carry vertical gravitational forces but can also be used to carry horizontal
loads (e.g., loads due to an earthquake or wind or in tension to resist rafter thrust as
a tie beam or (usually) compression as a collar beam). The loads carried by a beam
are transferred to columns, walls, or girders, which then transfer the force to adjacent
structural compression members. In light frame construction joists may rest on
beams. In carpentry a beam is called a plate as in a sill plate or wall plate, beam as
in a summer beam or dragon beam.

SPECIFICATION OF BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

Specifications describe the materials and workmanship required for a

development. They do not include cost, quantity or drawn information, and so need
to be read alongside other information such as quantities, schedules and drawings.
Specifications vary considerably depending on the stage to which the design has
been developed, ranging from performance specifications (open specifications) that
require further design work to be carried out, to prescriptive specifications (closed
specifications) where the design is already complete.

Having a prescriptive specification when a contract is tendered gives the client

more certainty about the end product, whereas a performance specification gives
suppliers more scope to innovate and adopt cost effective methods of work,
potentially offering better value for money.

Typically, performance specifications are written on projects that are straight-

forward and are well-known building types, whereas prescriptive specifications are
written for more complex buildings, or buildings where the client has requirements
that might not be familiar to suppliers and where certainty regarding the exact nature
of the completed development is more important to the client. An exception to this
 9

might be a repeat client such as a large retailer, where a specific, branded end result
is required and so whilst the building type is well known, the specification is likely
to be prescriptive.

Most projects will involve a combination of performance and prescriptive

specifications. Items crucial to the design will be specified prescriptively (such as
external cladding) whilst less critical items are specified only by performance (such
as service lifts).

Key to deciding whether to specify a building component prescriptively or

not, is considering who is most likely to achieve best value, the client, the designers
or the contractor:

Large clients may be able to procure certain products at competitive rates themselves
(for example the government). Some designers may have particular experience of
using a specific product (although some clients may not allow designers to specify
particular products as they believe it restricts competition and innovation and may
relieve the contractor of their liability for 'fitness for purpose'). The contractor may
be best placed to specify products that affect buildability. Specifications should be
developed alongside the design, increasing in level of detail as the design progresses.
They should not be left until the preparation of production information. By tender
they should describe every aspect of the building in such a way that there is no
uncertainty about what the contractor is pricing.

Aspects of the works are generally specified by:

 Products (by standard, a description of attributes, naming (perhaps allowing

equivalent alternatives) or by nominating suppliers).
 Workmanship (by compliance with manufacturer’s requirements, reference to
a code of practice or standards, or by approval of samples or by testing).
 10

 It should be possible to verify standards of products and workmanship by

testing, inspection, mock-ups and samples, and documentation such as
manufacturer’s certificates.
 Specifications should be structured according to work packages mirroring the
separation of the works into sub-contracts. This makes it easier for the
contractor to price and so may result in a more accurate tender.
 A standard classification system should be followed such as Uni-class.

Foundation:

The foundation shall of pcc 1:4:8 using 40mm size 1800 below the ground
level. Column of footing of size 2000*2500 rectangaluar sloped footing edge depth
200mm and middle depth 550mmm concrete mix 1:1.5:3

Basement:

The basement will be in brickwork in cm 1:3 wide 300m and depth 300mm at
ground level. damp proof course in cm 1:3 at 20mm thick will be provided for all
walls.

Superstructure

All main walls are in brickwork in cm 1:5, 230mm thick. The portions walls
230mm thick in ground parking height 2400mm and each floor heighr 3000mm
provided. R.C.C Slabs of thickenss 150mm have been provided. The mix ratio is
1:1.5:3 that is 1 part of cement, 1.5 parts of fine aggregate and 3 parts of coarse
aggregate.

RCC slabs of thickness 150mm have been provided. The mix ratio is 1:1.5:3
thaat is 1 part of cement, 1.5 parts of fine aggregate and 3 parts of coarse aggregate
 11

Flooring

The flooring will be in ccl :1.5 :3,20 thick for all portions wearing coarse
70mm thick, is provided

Staircase

Dog legged staircase is provided. The rises and thread adapted are 150 and
300mm. The waist slab is of thick in RCC 1:2:4

Steps

Steps of rise 150mm and tread 300mm are provided.

Wood work

All wood work should be neatly and truly finished to the exact dimensions
required all the joints should be simple ten on mortise joints with the end of tension
exposure inserting screws. A hammy is prohibited in this case. All screws should be
dipped in oil before inserted it.
 12

INTRODUCTION
 13

INTRODUCTION

Design Requirements

The Design Requirements define the acceptable and expected design practice
for SCA consultants and in-house Architects and Engineers, and are generally
organized by discipline and building system. Each requirement under
"Description/Design Approach" may meet or exceed applicable code requirement.

Details

The Standard Details are to be used as an aid in creating Contract Documents

and are based on the SCA Standard Specifications and Design Requirements. They
are to be modified to suit actual project conditions.

Room Planning

The Room Planning Standards provide the design basis for all spaces in public
building (post office), including all intended equipment and general locations of
furnishing. They clearly delineate those items to be provided by the contractor and
those by the Authority. They require modification based on actual room layout and
size, and for existing rooms may end up being modified due to space and program
constraints.

Specifications

The Standard Specifications define the materials acceptable for use in public
buildings, and are based on and complement the Design Requirements. For projects
that have a system that is not included in the specification, the designer is to create
the section based on the formatting. Deviations from the standards on capacity
projects must be approved through the Deviations Committee.
 14

Title Sheets

All Drawings prepared for the SCA shall utilize the Standard Title Sheets to
insure consistency in presentation for all projects. The Designer shall use the
appropriate sheet size and border for the project, with 24½x 36½ (sht-d) being the
preferred size.
 15

DESIGN CALCULATIONS
 16

DESIGN OF SLAB

DESIGN OF TWO WAY SLAB

The aim of design that fulfill its intended purpose during its intended lifetime
adequate service ability in terms of stiffness and durability and economy Safety
implies that the like hood of partial or total collapse of the structures acceptably6
low not only under the norm expected loads but also under abnormal but portable
over load such as due to earth quake and extreme wind.

Serviceability implies satisfactory performance of the structure performance

of the structure under service loads, without discomfort to the user due to excessive
deflection, cracking, vibration, etc.,

DESIGN PHILOSOPHIES:
Over the years various design philosophies have evolved in different part of
the world with regards to the reinforcement concrete design philosophies built upon
a few fundamental assumptions and reflective way of thinking.

The earliest codified design philosophies is that of the design of working stress
method. Close to a hundred years old, thus traditional method of design, based a
linear elastic theory, it still surveying in some countries including INDIA although
it is now side lined by modern limit state design philosophies in the 1950. An
alternative design based on strength reinforced concrete at ultimate loads evolved
and gradually gained acceptance. This method is called ultimate load method of
design was introduced as in alternative to working stress method in ACI CODE-
1956 and BRITISH CODE in 1957 and subsequently in the INDIAN CODE IS 456-
2000,1964.
 17

LIMIT STATE METHOD:

The design based on the limit state method although ensures safety of the
structure at working or service loads it does not provide a realistic estimate of the
ultimate or collapse load of the structure in contrast to the limit state method of
design. The limit state method of design result in comparately larger and
conservative and costly designs. The limit state method in the INDIAN standard
code IS: 456-2000 for specific applications.

LOAD COSOLIDERATIONS IN DESIGN:

DEAD LOAD:
The dead load in building consists of the weight of walls, partitions, floors,
roofs including the weight of all the other permanent constructions in the building.

LIVE LOAD
The live loads on floors shall comprise all loads other than loads. The
minimum live loads on different floors for different users are given by table of is
875, but do not take into considerations special concentrated loads, snow loads and
other considerations.
 18

DESIGN OF TWO WAY SLAB:

Slab 1

Size = 6.7*6.1

Wall thickness = 230mm

Design constants

Concrete grade = M20

Size Grade = Fe415

Length to breath ratio

l/b = 6.7/6.1
= 1.09<2

Hence the slab is to be designed as two way slab with two long edges
discontinuous.

Depth of Slab

Effective depth, d = span/25

d = 6100/25

Effective depth, d = 240mm

Overall depth, D = 250mm

 19

Effective span

Clearn span+effective span= 6.1+0.25

= 6.35m

Load calculation :

Dead load = 0.25*25*1

= 6.25KN/m2

Live load = 4KN/m2

Floor finishes = 0.6KN/m2

Total load =10.85KN/m2

Factored load = 1.5*10.85

= 16.25KN/m2
Ultimate design moments

Refer table 7.2(table 26 of Is456-2000 code) and read out the moment
coefficient for (Ly/Lx) = 1.96

A=0.062,a = 0.062

M=ax wLx2 = 0.062*16.25*6.352

= 40.62KNm2

M=ax w u Lx2 = 0.062*16.25*6.352

= 40.62KNm2
 20

Check for depth

Mumax = 0.138fckbd2

40.62*10 = 0.138*20*1000*d2

D = 121.31<250mm

Hence the effective depth selected is sufficient to resist the design ultimate
moment.

Reinforcement details (short and long span)

Area of long span

Mu = 0.87f y A std [1-(A stf y /f ck bd)]

40.62*10 = 0.87*415*Ast*250 -(Ast*415/1000*250*20)

Ast = 450m2

Use 12mm dia bars

Spacing in long span

Spacing = 1000*ast/Ast

= 113*1000/450

Spacing = 250mm

Area of short span

40.62*10 = 0.87*415*240*A[1-(A*415/1000*240)20)]

Ast = 450mm2

Use 10mm dia bars

 21

Spacing in short span

Spacing = 1000*ast/Ast

= 1000*113 /450

Spacing = 350mm

Use 10mm dia bars at 350mm centres:

Check for shear stress

Vu = 0.5W u *L x

= 0.5*16.25*6.10

Vu = 49.55 KN

= V u /bd

= 49.55*10/1000*240

Ʈv = 0.20N/mm

Pt = 100*A st /bd

= 100*450/1000*240

Pt = 0.186

Refer table 19 of Is 456-2000

Ʈc = 0.39

Ʈc > Ʈv

Hence the shear stresses are within safe permissible limits Check for
deflection control
 22

(L/d) basic = 20

Pt = 0.196

As per figure 5.1 of code Is456-2000

Kt = 1.6

(L/d) max = 20*1.6=32

(L/d) act = 6100/240

= 25<32 Hence deflection control is satisfied

Torsion reinforcement at corners

Area of tension steel at each of the corners in 4 layers in computed

= (0.75*450)=337.5mm2

Length over which torsion steel is provided = (1/5)* short span

= (1/5)* 6100

= 1200mm

Provide 6mm diameter bars at 120mm corners for a length of 1200mm at all
four corners in 4 layers.

Reinforcement in edge strips:

A st = 0.12% of gross area

A st = 0.12*240*1000

A st = 280mm2/m

Provide 10mm dia bars at 300mm centers

 23

DESIGN OF BEAM

GENERAL:

Beams are structural elements carrying transverse external loads from slabs .
That cause bending moment and shear force along their spans. When its subjected
to bending moments reinforcing bars are provided in the tension zone. Beams may
be different geometrical sections.

The beams are designed at mid-span, being the compression in the flange and
as rectangular beams at the section, since flange in under tension. The support
reactions are found at the maximum reaction was taken also the design shear force.

SINGLE REINFORCED BEAM:

R.C.C. beams in which the steel reinforcement placed only on tension side are
known as singly reinforced beams.

DOUBLE REINFORCED BEAM:

The depth of the beam is restricted and the singly reinforced member cannot
provide the necessary moment of resistance or when bending moment reverses, the
beam is reinforced both the compression and tension zone of the beam.
 24

DESIGN OF BEAM:

Size = 6.7*6.1m

Wall thickness = 230mm

CROSS SECTIONAL DIMENSIONS:

Depth = Span

= 6100/12

Depth d = 500mm

D = 600mm

B =300mm

LOAD CALCULATION:

Beam Rl:

Slab load = 16.25KN/m2

Self weight = 0.30*0.6*25

= 4.5KN/m

Live load = 5.0 KN/m

Total load = 25.75KN/m

Factored load =1.5*25.75

 25

= 38.625KN/m

M = 0.125wL

= 0.125*38.625*6.12

= 179.65KN/m

V = 0.5 w uL2

= 0/5*38.625*6.1

= 117.80KN

Main reinforcement :

Mulim = 0.138*fck*b*d

= 0.138*25*300*5002

Mulim = 258.75KN/m

Since Mu < Mulim , it is under reinforcement section,

Mu = 0.87*fy*Ast*d(1-A*fy/bd*fck)

179.65*10 = 0.87*415*Ast*500(1-Ast*415/300*500*25)

Ast = 650mm

Use 3 bars of 20mm diameter

Shear reinforcement :

Ʈv = Vu/b*d

= 117.80*10/(300*500)
 26

= 0.78N/mm2

Refer table 19 of IS 456-2000

Ʈc = 0.48N/mm2

Since > shear reinforcement are required

Vus = [Vu- Ʈc bd]

= 117.80-(0.48*300*500)*10-3

Vus = 45.8KN

Use 8mm diameter 2 legged stirrups.

Sv = (0.87*fy*Asv*d)/vus

= (0.87*415*2*50*500)/(45.8*103)

Sv = 350mm

0.75d = 0.75*500

= 375mm

Adopt a spacing of 375mm near support gradually increasing to 350mm

towards the center span.

Check for deflection control:

(L/d) act = 6100/500

= 12.2
 27

(L/d) max = (L/d) basic*Kt*Kc*Kf

Pt = 0.499

As per figure 5.1 code of IS 456-2000

Kt = 1.05

Kc = 1.1.

Kf = 0.57

(L/d) max = 20*1.05*1.1*0.57

= 13.167

(L/d) act<(L/d) max

Hence deflection control is satisfied.

 28

DESIGN OF COLUMN

GENERAL

Columns are structural elements used primarily to support compressive loads,

column members of multi storied buildings are subjected to compressive loads from
floor and beams columns from a very important component of a structure, it should
be utilized that the failure of columns results in collapse of the structure.

In practice, columns of square rectangular and circular cross section are

generally used R.C.C. columns are reinforced with longitudinal and reinforcement
and transverse steel longitudinal steel contribute to the load carrying capacity of the
section an transverse steel.

A columns may be considered to be short when its effective length does not
exceed 12 times the lateral dimensions; if the ratio of effective length to least lateral
dimension exceeds 12, the column is considered as long column.

LOADS ON COLUMNS:

Columns in buildings frame are subjected to the following loads.

1. Love loads o the floor supported by columns

2. Dead weight of floor supports by the columns

3. Self weight of the column.

 29

DESIGN OF THE COLUMN

Size of the column 350x350 mm

Length (l) = 3.5m

L = 122500mm

CONDITION

Fixed at the one wind and hinged at the another end

Effective Length = 0.8x1

= 0.8x3500

= 2800 mm

Axial Ultimate Load (pu) = 2755.5 kN

Ag = 350x350mm

= 122500 mm2

Fck = 20 N/mm2 , fy = 415 N/mm2

SLENDERNESS RATIO : (𝝀)

Le
Λ =
D

2800
=
350

= 8 < 12

Therefore the column is the short coloum

 30

ECCENTRICITY

Le 𝐷
𝜆 = +
500 80

3000 300
= +
500 30

= 7 + 10

= 17

E = 6 < 20mm

𝑒𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.05 x 300

= 15 < 20

Hence the load on the column is uni-axially loaded column

STRENGTH OF COLUMN:

Pu = 0.4 fck Ac + 0.67 fy Asc

Ac = Ag - Asc

= 122500 - Asc

2755.5 x 103 = 0.4 x 20 x (122500 - Asc)

= 6574.7

Assume 𝜑 = 25 mm

𝜋𝑑2
Asc =
4

3.14 X 25 X 25
=
4
 31

= 490.87 mm2

Provice 14mm nos of 25mm diameter bars.

Asc
No. of bars =
𝑎𝑠𝑐

6574.70
=
490.87

= 13.3 ~ 14

Asc = no. of bars x asc

14 X 3.14 X 25 X 25
=
4

= 6868.75 mm2

100 X Asc Provided

% of Asc =
bd

100 X 6868.75
=
980000

= 0.70 %

CHECK FOR ASC (LR)

Min Asc & 0.8 %

Max Asc & 6%, 3.27%, 0.8%, 3.27% & 6%

To Provide 14 Nos of 25mm diameter bars

DESIGN OF LATERAL (D)

1.6mm lateral
 32

2. ¼ x largest longitudinal 6 bars

¼ x 25 = 6.25 mm

= 8 mm

PITCH

1. 300
2. 16 X smallest longitudinal bars

16 X 25 = 400

3. << d = 300

Take least value

Pitch = 300

SPACING (S)

b−c.c−(𝜑/2) − (𝜑/2)
Spacing =
2

350−2X40−(25/2) − (25/2)
=
2

= 122.5 & 300 mm

To take Maximum value spacing of longitudinal bar = 300 mm

SUMMMARY

 Size of the column 350mm X 350 mm

 Londitudinal Reinforcement to Provide 14 nos of 25 dia bars
 Lateral ties to provide 8mm diameter 300 mm c/c distance
 Hence it is safe
 33

DESIGN OF FOOTINGS

Here we are going to implement square footing

We know that Size of the column is 350mm X 350mm

Axial Load (p) = 2755.5 KN/mm

Fy = 415 N/mm2

Size of the Footing

Total load on the soil

Area of footing =
SBC of Soil

Self-weight of the footing w l = 10% of w

10/100
=
2755

= 275.55 KN

Total load on the soil = 2755.5 + 275.55

= 3031

Area of the footing = 3031/300

BXB = 10.105

B = 3.190 Assume 3m

Size of the footing = 3m x 3m

Design of Bending Moment

Net Upward pressure

 34

Column load X Partial Safety Factor

W =
Area of Footing

2755.5 X 1.5
=
3X3

= 459.25 m

Bending Moment

𝑆𝑖𝑧𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝐹𝑜𝑜𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔−𝑆𝑖𝑧𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛

Bending Moment =
2

= (3500 – 350) / 2

= 1325

Moment = qx area of the hatched portion x area of c.g

0.350
3 𝑋 0.35 93 𝑋
2
Mx = 459.25 X -
2 2

= 806.27 KNm

Effective depth of footing

Assume 20 dia cover = 50

Mu limit = 2.98 bd2

Effective depth req = 300mm

= d + cover + dia + (dia/2)

300+50+20+20
D =
2

= 380mm
 35

= 2D

= 2 X 380

= 760mm

= D – Cover – dia – dia/2

760−50−20−20
=
2

= 680 mm

Area of tension steel reinforcement req (Ast)

𝑓𝑦 𝑋 𝐴𝑠𝑡
Mu = 0.87 fy Ast d [1 − ]
𝑓𝑐𝑘 𝑋 𝑏 𝑋 𝑑

806.27 X 106 = 0.87 x 415 x Ast x 680

415 𝑋 𝐴𝑠𝑡
[1 − ]
20 𝑋 3000 𝑋 680

Ast = 3401.6 mm2

Assume 20mm diameter

Ast = 3.14 X 20 X 20/4

No of Bars = Ast / ast

= 10

To provide 10 Nos of 20 mm diameter bars on either direction

Development Length

0.87 𝑋 415 𝑋 20
Development Length =
4 𝑋 1.92
 36

= 940.23 mm

Check for one way sheer:

Shear force about plan “xx” & “yy” (summetrical section)

V = Upward Pressure x Area of hatched portion

= 459.25 X 0.33

= 151.55 kN

Nominal Stress

151.55 𝑋 103
Nominal Stress =
3000 𝑋 680

= 0.07 N/mm2

Permissible Shear Stress

100 X Ast
% of Ast =
bXd

100 𝑋 3401.69
% of Ast =
3000 𝑋 680

= 0.16 N/mm2

Check Two way sheer

V = Upward pressure X area of the hatched

portion

= 459 X (2 x 2 – 0.82 x 0.82)

= 1528.20 KN
 37

Nominal Stress

1528.20 𝑋 103
Nominal Stress =
3000 𝑋 630

= 0.74 N/mm2

Permissible Shear Stress

ks = 0.5 + 𝛽𝑐

Shorter side of column

𝛽𝑐 =
Longer side of column

400
= = 1 N/mm2
400

ks = 0.5 + 1

= 1.5

𝜉v = 0.25 √𝑓𝑐𝑘

= 0.25 √20

= 1.118 N/mm2

KSTC = 1.49 x 1.118

= 1.677

So the value is 1.5 < 1.677

The footing is safe in two way shear

Check of bearing stress

Design load on column

Actual Bearing stress =
Area of column
 38

1.5 X 2755.5 X 103

=
350 𝑋 350

= 33.74 N/mm2

𝐴1
Permissible bearing stress = 0.45 x fck x √
𝐴2

A1 = 3x3

= 9

A2 = 0.35 x 0.35

= 0.1225 m2

9
= 0.45 x 20 x √ = 35
0.1225

Permissible bearing stress = Nominal bearing stress < Permissible

bearing stress

33.74 < 35

Hence the footing is safe in bearing stress

Result

 Size of the footing 3m x 3m over all depth of footing = 760 mm

 To provide 10 Nos of 20mm dia bars on either direction.
 39

DESIGN OF SPETIC TANK

No of the persons = 200 (Approx)

Water requirement = 120 lit / Capital / day

De – sludging period = 1 year

Length to width ratio = 2

Quantity of sewage provided per day = 130*120

= 15600 lit / day

Quantity of sewage during dention period = 15600*(24 / 24)

= 15600 lit / day

Assume quantity of sludge deposited = 30 lit/capital

Total quantity of sludge deposited = 30*130

= 3900 liters

Total required capacity = 15600 + 3900

= 19500 liters

Volume = 19.5 m3

Assume depth = 1.5 m

Surface area = Capacity / depth

= 19.5 / 1.5

= 13 m2

L = 2B
 40

L*B = 13

2B2 = 13

B = 2.54 ml

Dimensions = 5.08*2.54*1.5
 41

ESTIMATION
 42

ABSTRACT ESTIMATE FOR THE PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION OF

A POST OFFICE
AT DINDIGUL CITY CORPORATION
ESTIMATE AMOUNT: Rs:11500000
Sl.
DESCRIPTION OF WORK QTY/AREA RATE PER AMOUNT
No.
Earthwork excavation and
depositing on bank with all
1. 1600 200.00 Cum 182400.00
leads and lifts in all classes of
narrow excavation etc
Stand filling in foundation
trench and basement newly,
newly collected river sand and
2. 902 700.00 Cum 421603.00
watering and consolidating
etc.
In foundation trench
Providing and laying of plain
cement concrete 1:4:8 mix
3. using 40mm hard granite 327 2200.00 Cum 719026.00
metal laying and
consolidating
Brick work in cm 1:6, using
well burnt Chamber bricks
4. 820 3800.00 Cum 3116000.00
size 9”x4.5”x3”superstructure
of walls etc.,
Providing and laying of
R.C.C.1:2:4 mix using 20mm
gauge granite chips with
5. reinforcements with binding 570 6200.00 Cum 3534000.00
rods and tying etc., For plinth
beam, sunshade and roof slabs
 43

Ceiling plastering with cm

6. 1:3, 12mm thick with neat 1600 250.00 Sqm 475000.00
finishing

Wall plastering with cm 1:5

230000.00
7. inside and outside 20mm 1150 200.00 Sqm
thick etc.
Providing and laying
weathering course top of the
open terraced area with
8. broken brick jelly mixed with 950 500.00 Sqm 475000.00
pure lime finished with cm
1:3 mix

Colour washing newly

198250.00
9. plastered surface walls with 3050 65.00 Sqm
shell lime 2 coats etc.
Steel work for the doors and
windows including and
10. 97 8000.00 Sqm 772640.00
accessories etc

Painting doors and windows

with best quality of paint over
11. 193 200.00 Sqm 38632.00
primary coat etc.,

Flooring the room with

C.C.1:4:8 mix with concrete
12. using 40mm gauge granite top 1900 500.00 Sqm 950000.00
finished.

Providing Electrification to
the building with all
13. accessories main connection Lumpsum 100000.00
etc.
 44

Providing with water supply

80000.00
14. arrangements (Bore well with Lumpsum
1 HP Electric motor)
15. Providing with grill works Lumpsum 70000.00
Providing Erecting masonry
staircase with waist slab,
landing hand railings and
16. Lumpsum 100000.00
complete cement plastering
etc.,

Providing sanitary
arrangement with septic tank
17. and dispersion trench Lumpsum 32000.00
arrangements

Contingencies and unforeseen

18. Lumpsum 5500.00
items sundries etc.,
Total Amount 11500051.00
(Rupees One Crore Fifteen Lakhs only)
 45

DETAILED ESTIMATE FOR THE PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION OF

A POST OFFICE (PUBLIC BUILDING
AT DINDIGUL CITY CORPORATION
Sl. DESCRIPTION OF Nos Length Breadth Depth Quantity
No. WORK
1. Earthwork excavation
and depositing on bank
with all leads and lifts in
all classes of narrow
excavation etc

For R.C.C. Columns 76 2 3 2 912.00

912.00 Cum
2. Stand filling in
foundation trench and
basement newly, newly
collected river sand and
watering and
consolidating etc.
In foundation trench.

For R.C.C.Columns 72 2 3 0.23 99.36

For grade beams centre
line length 1 324 0.23 0.3 22.36

In Basement
 46

Working Space 1 6.7 6.1 0.91 371.92

Parcel Section 1 3.00 11 0.91 30.03
Post Master Room 1 3.00 4.5 0.91 12.29
Cashier Room 1 3.00 6.1 0.91 16.65
Toilets 2 3.00 6.1 0.91 33.31
Dining room 1 3.00 3 0.91 8.19
Store Room 1 3.00 3 0.91 8.19
Total 602.30 Cum

3 Providing and laying of

Plain cement concrete
1:4:8 mix using 40mm
hard granite metal laying
and consolidating etc.,

1 49 29 0.23 326.83 Cum

4. Brick work in cm 1:6

using well burnt
Chamber bricks size
9”x4.5”x3”
Superstructure of walls
etc.,
Ground Floor

Center Line
measurement of the walls
1 255 0.23 3.65 214.07
 47

Partition Wall with 4.5”

thick
1 97.6 0.23 3.65 81.94
FIRST FLOOR
Center line measurement 1 255 0.23 3.65 214.07
of the walls
Prartion Wall with 9” 1 97.6 0.23 3.65 81.94
thick
Parapet walls 1 102 0.114 0.76 8.84
Second Floor

Center line measurement 1 255 0.23 3.65 214.07

of the walls
Prartion Wall with 9” 1 97.6 0.23 3.65 81.94
thick
Parapet walls 1 102 0.114 0.76 8.84
907.70 cum
Deduct for Openings

D – Door 53 1.2 0.23 2.13 31.16

W- Window 132 1.5 0.23 1.37 62.39
L- Louvers 18 1.2 0.23 0.61 3.03
96.58 cum
Net Total 905.70 96.58 809.12
SAY 820.00 cum
5. Providing and laying of
R.C.C. 1:2;4 mix using
20mm gauge granite
chips with reinforce
ments with binding rods
 48

and tying grills entering

laying concrete and
curing etc., For plinth
beam roof beam,
sunshade and roof slabs

Column footing 72 1.22 1.22 0.23 24.65

Column below ground 72 0.3 0.38 2 16.42

level
Grade beam 1 324 0.23 0.3 22.36

Column above ground 12 0.3 0.38 11.88 97.51

level
Cut lintel beam for doors 53 1.67 0.23 0.15 3.05

Cut lintel beam for 1.32 2.1 0.23 0.15 9.56

window
Sunshade
W-Window 132 1.68 0.61 0.07 9.47
Front side 2 1.06 0.91 0.11 0.21
Roof Slab 2 48 8 0.15 115.2
Roof Slab 2 5.5 14.5 0.115 18.3425
Roof Slab F.F. 2 48 8 0.15 115.2
Roof Slab F.F. 2 5.5 14.5 0.115 18.3425
Roof Slab S.F. 2 48 8 0.15 115.2
Roof Slab S.F. 2 5.5 14.5 0.115 18.3425
565.51
SAY 570.00 cum
 49

6. Ceiling Plastering with

cm 1:3, 12mm thick with
neat finishing
GROUND FLOOR
Working Space 1 6.7 6.1 - 508.70
Parcel Section 1 3.00 11 - 33.00
Post Master Room 1 3.00 4.5 - 13.50
Cashier Room 1 3.00 6.1 - 18.30
Toilets 2 3.00 6.1 - 36.60
Dining room 1 3.00 3 - 9.00
Store Room 1 3.00 3 - 9.00
Passage 1 49.00 1.4 - 68.690
Passage 1 13.00 1.4 - 18.20

FIRST FLOOR
Working Space 1 6.7 6.1 - 508.70
Bed Room (Rest Room) 1 3.00 11 - 33.00
Guest Room 1 3.00 4.5 - 13.50
Drawing Room 1 3.00 6.1 - 18.30
Toilets 2 3.00 6.1 - 36.60
Sorting Room 1 3.00 3 - 9.00
Store Room 1 3.00 3 - 9.00
Passage 1 49.00 1.4 - 68.690
1487.70
SAY 1500 Sqm
 50

7. Wall plastering with cm

1:5, inside and outside
20mm thick etc.,
Working Space 1 25.6 3.65 - 93.44
Parcel Section 1 28.00 3.65 - 102.20
Post Master Room 1 15.00 3.65 - 54.75
Cashier Room 1 18.20 3.65 - 66.43
Toilets 2 18.20 3.65 - 132.86
Dining room 1 12.00 3.65 - 43.80
Store Room 1 12.00 3.65 - 43.80
537.28
FIRST FLOOR
Working Space 1 25.6 3.65 - 93.44
Bed Room (Rest Room) 1 28.00 3.65 - 102.20
Guest Room 1 15.00 3.65 - 54.75
Drawing Room 1 18.20 3.65 - 66.43
Toilets 2 18.20 3.65 - 132.86
Sorting Room 1 12.00 3.65 - 43.80
Store Room 1 12.00 3.65 43.80
Passage 1 102 0.76 77.52
614.80 Sqm
Total 1152.08

IVth items deduction 96.58/0.23 =22.21

 51

1152.08-22.21= 1129.87

SAY 1150.00 Sqm

8. Providing and laying
weathering course on top
of the terraced area with
broken brick jelly mixed
with pure lime and top
finished with cm 1:3
weathering course area.

1 49 29 -- 1421.00

Deduction in Area (Open

to Sky)
38.00 13 -- 494.00

Total 1421.00
SAY 950.00 Sqm
9. Colour washing newly
plastered surface walls
with shell lime 2 coats
etc.

Wall plastering + Ceiling

1150 1900 -- 3050.00 Sqm
 52

10. Steel work for the doors

and windows including
all accessories etc.,
D – Door 53 1.2 0.23 2.13 31.16
W- Window 132 1.5 0.23 1.37 62.39
l- Louvers 18 1.2 0.23 0.61 3.03
Total 96.58 Sqm
11. Painting doors and
windows with best
quality of paint over
primary coat etc.,

As per above items 96.58x2= 193.16 Sqm

12. Flooring the room with

C.C.1:4:8 mix with
concrete using 40mm
gauge granite top
finished.

GROUND FLOOR
Working Space 10 6.7 6.1 - 408.70
Parcel Section 1 3.00 11 - 33.00
Post Master Room 1 3.00 4.5 - 13.50
Cashier Room 1 3.00 6.1 - 18.30
Toilets 2 3.00 6.1 - 36.60
Dining room 1 3.00 3 - 9.00
Store Room 1 3.00 3 - 9.00
 53

Passage 1 49.00 1.4 - 68.690

Passage 1 13.00 1.4 - 18.20

FIRST FLOOR
Working Space 10 6.7 6.1 - 408.70
Bed Room (Rest Room) 1 3.00 11 - 33.00
Guest Room 1 3.00 4.5 - 13.50
Drawing Room 1 3.00 6.1 - 18.30
Toilets 2 3.00 6.1 - 36.60
Sorting Room 1 3.00 3 - 9.00
Store Room 1 3.00 3 - 9.00
Passage 1 49.00 1.4 - 68.690
Passage 1 13.00 1.4 - 18.20

Total 1487.70
SAY 1500 Sqm
13. Providing Electrification
to the building with all
Lump
accessories main
sum
connection etc.

14. Providing with water

supply arrangements
Lump
(Bore well with 1 HP
sum
Electric motor)
15. Providing with grill Lump
works sum
 54

16. Providing Erecting

masonry staircase with
waist slab, landing hand
railings and complete Lump
cement plastering etc., sum

17. Providing sanitary

arrangement with septic
tank and dispersion
trench arrangements Lump
sum

18. Contingencies and

unforeseen items
Lump
sundries etc.,
sum
 55

CONCLUSION

&

REFERENCES
 56

CONCLUSION

In this project we have successfully made and attempt of planning, designing

and estimation of post office (public building). The design had been accordingly to
satisfy all the practical needs.

We gathered many experience in relationship with many engineers and

designers kept very happy in gaining this type of experience.

And also we gained enough knowledge in planning, designing and estimation

of public building (post office).
 57

REFERENCES

The following books are reffered for the design purpose for the completion of the
work.

1. “Design of R.C. Structure”, Krishnaraju

2. “Structural Analysis”, B.C. Punmia
3. “Limit State method of design”, Ashok K. Jain
4. “Building Construction”, Susilkumar, B.C. Punima