VECTOR DIRECT YOUR VISION

PROPOSAL FOR PERMEABLE PAVEMENT PROJECT

For FSU Technical Festival 2075(Shrawan 3-5)

INTRODUCTION
Permeable pavements are alternative paving surfaces that allow storm water runoff to filter
through voids in the pavement surface into an underlying stone reservoir, where it is temporarily
stored and/or infiltrated. A variety of permeable pavement surfaces are available,
including pervious concrete, porous asphalt and permeable interlocking concrete pavers. While
the specific design may vary, all permeable pavements have a similar structure, consisting of a
surface pavement layer, an underlying stone aggregate reservoir layer and a filter layer or fabric
installed on the bottom (See Figure below).

The thickness of the reservoir layer is determined by both a structural and hydrologic design
analysis. The reservoir layer serves to retain storm water and also supports the design traffic
loads for the pavement. In low-infiltration soils, some or all of the filtered runoff is collected in
an underdrain and returned to the storm drain system. If infiltration rates in the native soils
permit, permeable pavement can be designed without an underdrain, to enable full infiltration of
runoff. A combination of these methods can be used to infiltrate a portion of the filtered runoff.

Figure: Cross Section of Typical Permeable Pavement (Source: Hunt & Collins, 2008)

Permeable pavement is typically designed to treat storm water that falls on the actual pavement
surface area, but it may also be used to accept run-on from small adjacent impervious areas, such
as impermeable driving lanes or rooftops. However, careful sediment control is needed for any
run-on areas to avoid clogging of the down-gradient permeable pavement. Permeable pavement
has been used at commercial, institutional, and residential sites in spaces that are traditionally

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 impervious. Permeable pavement promotes a high degree of runoff volume reduction and
nutrient removal, and it can also reduce the effective impervious cover of a development site.

PROJECT OUTLINE

PROJECT OBJECTIVE

The project is an alternative to the standard approach of capturing stormwater in a pipe, treating
it, and discharging it to a surface stream. The permeable pavement allows water to infiltrate the
ground through the spaces between the blocks filled with fine rock. Two layers of rock below the
pavers provide a strong base for the street and help the infiltration process. Geotextile fabric
layers below the base rock further reduce pollutants carried into the soil as the water infiltrates.
Laying Geotextile Fabric Portland uses several innovative approaches to reduce the amount of
stormwater that flows through sewer pipes and discharges to rivers and streams.The goal is to
replace the pipe it, treat it, discharge it method with models that improved water quality in a
more natural way.

PROJECT FEASIBILITY

For the context of Nepal the permeable pavement is most suitable and economic pavement
design which can easily replace the conventional pavement system and water crisis in some part
of country and overflow of stormwater and flood in another suggest us on following such process
which can balance both situations and permeable pavement is solution to both of the situation
that we are facing. Overflow of water can be easily controlled and water management project for
irrigation and drinking water project can step ahead if this system is installed here. But paper
works only cannot provide us complete information on weather we can rely on this process or
not, it should be practically implemented and its feasibility should be tested. But generally this
kind of project is feasible in such conditions and places as mentioned below:

1. Permeable pavements should work well on most residential sites where paved surfaces
such as patios and driveways exist. Areas with slopes greater than 3 percent may not be
appropriate.
2. Permeable pavement applications should be installed at least 3 feet from public
sidewalks and 10 feet from building foundations, or have an approved impermeable
liner installed to prevent infiltration under these facilities
3. The infiltration rate of the site’s soils should be approximately 0.5 inch per hour, and the
depth to groundwater or bedrock should be at least 5 vertical feet.

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 4. Promoting infiltration should be avoided under permeable pavements at sites with
expansive, clay-rich soils, or soils susceptible to tunnel erosion.
5. At sites with certain characteristics that do not permit infiltration, an underdrain system
can be installed to route the water to a storm drain or other BMP (i.e. rain garden). This
type of system provides temporary storage, slows runoff, and filters some pollutants.
6. There are many types of permeable pavements, including pour-in-place concrete or
asphalt, unit paver blocks, and granular materials. Modular types, such as stone or brick
pavers and open cell pavers, tend to be good options for residential projects. The use of
the surface (i.e. vehicles, foot traffic, recreation), site conditions, aesthetic qualities,
price, and maintenance requirements should be considered during the design process.

This model of ours will help to demonstrate the possibility of permeable pavement project in
context of Nepal. Such pavements are used nowadays in most of the developed and
developing country. As this project is economic, eco friendly and easy to contruct and
implement and not need any extra new technology and can be built we the natural resources
available in our country this project is most feasible project or the dream that we can easily
afford.

MATERIALS REQUIRED

1. Perforated UPVC pipe

2. PVC Joints and Sockets
3. Plywood
4. Glass
5. Pea Gravel
6. Asphalt
7. Cement
8. Additive
9. Fevicol
10. PVC pipe
11. Motor
12. Miscellaneous

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

This project is just a simple demonstration of permeable pavement to show people how this kind
of pavement works and how we can implement/built such pavement in our local areas and
replace the conventional pavement with it. The whole infiltration system of pavement will be
constructed inside a rectangular box with one side visible where will we use glass so that
observer can clearly get idea of its working mechanism. To represent as this pavement is made

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 above the ground we will use soil as base layer and use of geotextile on walls will be done. We
will provide a minimum of 2 inches of aggregate around underdrain pipes(UPVC pipe will be
used in this model). The underdrains should slope down towards the outlet at a grade of 0.5
percent or steeper. The up-gradient end of underdrains in the reservoir layer will be capped.
Where an underdrain pipe is connected to a structure, there should be no perforations within at
least one foot of the structure. So we will ensure that there are no perforations in clean-outs
within at least one foot from the surface. Then we will Spread maximum 4 inch lifts (6 inch
preferred) of the reservoir base/subbase or base stone. Moistening the aggregate during spreading
will facilitate better compaction.

Then the most important part of the project is making whether pervious concrete design or
porous asphalt design and we will determine which process to follow in the process of designing
and testing our project before giving it a final touch. Then we will install the desired depth of the
bedding or choker layer, depending on the type of pavement, as follows.

 Pervious Concrete: No bedding/choker layer is used.

 Porous Asphalt: The choker layer for porous asphalt pavement consists of 1 inch of
washed No. 57 stone.

 PICP: The bedding layer for open-jointed pavement blocks should consist of 2 inches of
washed No.8 stone. This layer is compacted after pavers are placed on it and their joints
are filled with aggregate.

But we will not be able to implement PICP process for our project.

APPLICATION OF PERMEABLE PAVEMENT

There are various application of permeable pavement but important one are discussed below:

1. Reduce noise:

Noise pollution has become an increasing concern in urban areas. Noise generated from vehicles
operating on the pavement arises from different sources and one of them is related to tire passes
over the pavement (tire/pavement noise). Tire/pavement noise depends heavily on pavement
surface characteristics and pavement macrotexture. Asphalt pavement with open-‐graded friction
courses that have good raveling resistance (such as the rubberized open-‐graded asphalt concrete)
have been determined to be a good candidate for noise reduction. The open-‐graded asphalt
surfaces will sustain noise reducing properties as long as their surface air permeability is
maintained.

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 2. Manage stormwater runoff volume:

Conventional impermeable pavement surfaces cause precipitation to run off much faster than it
does from vegetated or undeveloped surfaces. The runoff from impermeable surfaces is often
directed to stormwater collection systems and thus is not absorbed into the nearby soil. In
addition, the collection of runoff in this manner during high precipitation events can cause the
stormwater collection system to overflow resulting in flooding and erosion due to high flow
velocities. In contrast, permeable pavements allow a significant portion of the stormwater runoff
volume to pass through the surface and be absorbed into the underlying ground and hence
minimize or eliminate the need for stormwater collection and treatment systems. Further the
runoff water collected can be useful for various purposes.

3. Improve water quality:

Full depth permeable pavement generally provides water quality and related benefits in several
ways that include, but are not limited to (1) a reduction in the temperature increase and pollutants
discharged into nearby surface water and streams, (2) reduction of pollutant mass loads through
runoff infiltration into the subgrade soil, and (3) recharge of groundwater table, particularly in
arid areas. In addition, there are also reported water quality benefits from the use of open graded
friction course pavements.

4. Reduces soil erosion caused by stormwater.

5. Reduces natural calamities like flood.
6. Reduces human and property loss caused by overflow of water in city areas like
Pokhara.

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 COST ESTIMATION

Basically we have estimated the minimum cost for our permeable pavement project.

S.No Particulars Quantity with unit Price(Rs)

1 Perforated UPVC pipe 1of length 2 m and 3 cm 650

diameter

2 PVC Joints and Socket 6 300

3 Plywood 1” thick of size 6’*4’ 3000

4 Glass 50*30 cm of 1 inch thick 300

5 Pea gravel 100

6 Asphalt 10kg(1 bag) 500

7 Cement ¼ bag 500

8 Additive 1 kg 200

9 PVC Pipe 2 cm diameter 5 m length 500

10 Motor(water pumper) Mini 2 pieces 2000

11 Miscellaneous 1000

Grand Total 9050

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 TIME SCHEDULING

Key project dates are outlined below. Dates are best-guess estimates and are subject to change
until project is executed. The project is estimated to complete in 30 days.

Description Start Date End Date Duration

Project Start 24th jestha 24th asar 30 days

Planning and Research 24th jestha 28th jestha 3 days

Designing the infiltration system and 28th jestha 6th asar 5 days
outer box

Phase 1 Complete

Constructing the water drain system 4th asar 10th asar 4 days
and reservior

Placing layers of soil, chokers and 4th asar 10th asar 4 days
gravel

Phase 2 Complete

Proper implementation 10th asar 12th asar 2 days

Testing the project 14th asar 1 day

Reconstruction if defect found 16th asar 20th asar 3 days

Retesting the whole project 22nd asar

Project End 24 asar Project

complete

CONCLUSION
Here we conclude our proposal for project on permeable pavement and hope that the concept
and design of permeable pavement which manage the stormwater runoff volume and further use
of water for irrigation and various purposes will be implemented in our country in upcoming
days. Further our project estimates the cost of 9050 and our target is to complete it in 30 days.

If you have questions on this proposal, feel free to contact Sushant Dhital at your convenience by
email at susondhital8@gmail.com or by phone at 9843546986. We will be in touch with younext
week to arrange a follow-up conversation on the proposal.

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 Thank you for your consideration,

Fig: Basic design on water drain permeable pavement system

Project on Permeable Pavement

References:
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). 2003. “Standard Classification for
Sizes of Aggregate for Road and Bridge Construction.” ASTM D448-03a. West
Conshohocken, PA.

Jackson, N. 2007. Design, Construction and Maintenance Guide for Porous Asphalt
Pavements. National Asphalt Pavement Association. Information Series 131. Lanham,
MD. www.hotmix.com

Smith, D. 2006. Permeable Interlocking Concrete Pavement-selection design, construction

and maintenance. Third Edition. Interlocking Concrete Pavement Institute. Herndon, VA.

http://www.vwrrc.vt.edu/swc/NonPBMPSpecsMarch11/VASWMBMPSpec7PERMEABLEP
AVEMENT.html

https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Construction_specifications_for_permeab
le_pavement

https://www.portlandoregon.gov/bes/article/77074

https://www.flow3d.com/modular-permeable-pavements/