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1, ISSUE 2
DO YOU KNOW
ANYTHING ABOUT AUTISM?
Antecedentes
the c a use
Thus for many years the origins of autism
were unknown, and was not until 1980 that
research was further developed, it was in-
creasingly believed that parenting had no role
in causation of autism and there were neuro-
logical disturbances and other genetic ail-
ments like tuberous sclerosis, metabolic dis-
turbances like PKU or chromosomal abnor-
malities like fragile X syndrome.
STELLA CNHESS
Family studies have demonstrated that autism is both familial and herit-
able. The recurrence rate in siblings of an autistic child is 2% to 8%,
which is higher than that of the general population. Other genetic stud-
ies suggest a complex mode of inheritance, with linkage studies suggest-
ing genetic loci on several chromosomes including chromosome 7 and
chromosome X.
Diagnosis
Criteria of the DSM-IV
Rett disorder
A. A total of six (or more) items from (1), (2), and (3), with at least two from (1),
and one each from (2) and (3):
(a) Delay in, or total lack of, the development of spoken language (not accom-
panied by an attempt to compensate through alternative modes of communi-
cation such as gesture or mime)
(b) In individuals with adequate speech, marked impairment in the ability to
initiate or sustain a conversation with others
(c) Stereotyped and repetitive use of language or idiosyncratic language
(d) Lack of varied, spontaneous make-believe play or social imitative play ap-
propriate to developmental level
Pre-school children
verbal skills and tions (eg, may sound like ‘a little professor’ (overly for-
Research has shown that the most effective therapy is use of early intensive behavioral in-
terventions that aim to improve the functioning of the affected child. These interventions
focus on developing language, social responsiveness, imitation skills, and appropriate be-
haviors. Examples of these behavioral therapies include
These behavioral techniques should begin early in the pre-school period and be followed
by highly individualized educational intervention in the school.