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A Study on the Factors Affecting the Infant Feeding Practices

Of Mothers in Las Piñas City

By [Author], University of the Philippines

2009

Introduction

The melamine controversy that erupted during the last quarter of year 2008

brought people’s attention back to the debates between breastfeeding and the

use of breast milk substitutes like commercial infant formula. This wasn’t the first

time that infant formula had caused illnesses and even deaths to infants
worldwide - hence the continuous campaign of World Health Organization (WHO)

and UNICEF along with other breastfeeding advocates, for mothers to breastfeed

their children at least until 6 months of age.

Infant feeding practices refer generally to meet the nutritional and immunological

needs of the baby. A study of infant feeding practices was carried out on a sample

of 100 mother and infant pairs. The results revealed that only 20% of mothers in

the study currently exclusively breastfeed their babies. It also shows that socio-

economic factors like mother’s work status, marital status and educational

attainment had direct bearing on these practices. Employed mothers tend to

cease from breastfeeding their babies and eventually stop and just resort to

formula feeding as they go back to work. The study also showed that mothers

who are married and living with their partners are more likely to breastfeed their

infants than single mothers. Those with higher educational attainment resort

more to formula feeding and mixed feeding than those with lower educational

attainment. Health care professionals influence mothers the most when it comes

to infant feeding decisions.

Methodology

Type of Research

The type of research that will be used in this study is qualitative research and
quantitative research. Qualitative researchers aim to gather an in-depth

understanding of human behavior and the reasons that govern such behavior. The

discipline investigates the “why” and “how” of decision making. Besides this, the

researcher will also examine the phenomenon through observations in numerical

representations and through statistical analysis. Along with questionnaires that

will be given out to respondents for the statistical representation of the findings in

the study, interviews with the respondents and a few experts in this field will also

be conducted.

Sampling Method

The research sampling method that will be used in this study is random sampling

to obtain a more scientific result that could be used to represent the entirety of

the population. A list of all health care facilities (maternity and lying-in clinics,

public and private hospitals, health centers) was acquired from the Las Piñas City

Hall.

From 20 barangays, 3 will be picked through random sampling. The health care

facilities and institutions in these three barangays will then be the target sources

of respondents of the researcher. The health care facilities and institutions will be

contacted to obtain a verbal consent to administer the questionnaire to mothers

at their places. A letter of consent will also be sent to them along with a sample

copy of the questionnaire that will be used, as well as the protocol of the

researcher. A letter was also addressed to the City Health Officer to obtain

endorsement and consent to conduct a research in selected barangays and

distribute questionnaires to the mothers in the vicinity.

Data collection was conducted throughout the facilities‟ and health centers‟

operating hours from Mondays through Sundays in order to include both working

and non-working mothers.

Respondents

The respondents in this research will all be coming from one single location - Las
Piñas City, specifically the randomly selected barangays of Pamplona I, CAA/BF

International and Pamplona III. The researcher chose Las Piñas City because of the

socio-economic conditions present in the area that is relevant to the study and

also as it fits the time frame and resources of the researcher. The randomly

sampled respondents will be asked by the researcher for consent and approval to

answer the questionnaire until the desired number of respondents which is 100 is

reached. The opinion of experts will also be sought in this research to provide

explanations regarding the respondents‟ infant feeding behaviors and practices.

Questionnaire

The questionnaire requires information about the socio-economic and

demographic background of the mother. It also has questions related to previous

infant feeding practices and the birth of her youngest infant and also regarding

the baby’s general health and age.

Statements that are perceived to be factors that influence mothers‟ infant feeding

decisions were presented. The description of the type of infant formula given by

formula and mixed feeding mothers will also be asked in the material.

Conclusion

Majority of the mothers formula feed their child and only a minority exclusively

breastfeeds their children, especially as per recommendation of the World Health

Organization. While majority of the mothers in this study showed a positive

attitude towards breastfeeding, most of them decided only to formula feed due to

the reasons of insufficient milk supply and work.

Based on the results of the study, the educational attainment, work status, marital

status, and seminars in the barangay the respondents are part of, about

breastfeeding, are the significant factors that affect the infant feeding decision of

mothers in Las Piñas City.

Majority of the mothers that served as respondents in this study fall under the age

range of 17-30 years old. More than half of them were also college graduates
while a significant number are undergraduates and have only reached until high

school. Most of the mothers are housewives and the others remaining have full-

time jobs, part-time jobs and self-employed. A few of them are still students.

While majority of them were married, a lot were still in a status of live-in and are

single. More than half of the mothers did not have previous children before the

current one. Majority of the respondents also have an annual gross household

income that does not exceed P50,000.

Among the several information sources namely, media through televisions/radios

and printed/published materials, the social support system comprised of the

mother’s family, friends and other relatives and health institutions, the mothers

who give their babies infant formula are influenced the most by health care

institutions through health professionals and other health care personnel. They

influence the mothers in deciding to feed the baby with formula and in choosing,

as well, which brand of formula is best for their babies. Mothers trust their baby’s

doctor because of their expertise in the said field hence this kind of relation is

achieved.

Mothers were overall not concerned about the possible side effects of

breastfeeding as a few were only worried as shown in the data presented.

It can be concluded that numerous internal as well as external factors influence a

mother in making infant feeding decisions, and a greater fraction of these is socio-

economic in nature.

ARTICLE ON TERRORISM 2 (500 WORDS)


Terrorism means the unlawful use of violence (or the threat of violence) intended to create terror for
achieving a religious, economic, ideological or political goal, in deliberate disregard of the safety of
victims.
According to a report issued by the Global Terrorism Index 2014, India was ranked among the top ten
countries greatly affected by terrorism activities.
Causes of terrorism in India
There are several causes of terrorism in India. To begin with, there are political reasons for the growth
of terrorism in India. This is primarily seen in The North-East region. The state government there have
failed to control and manage large-scale illegal Muslim immigration from Bangladesh.
Economic causes too contribute to terrorism in India. These include rural unemployment, exploitation
of landless labourers by those who own land and lack of land reforms. The major states affected by
such causes include Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Orissa and Andhra Pradesh. The absence of land
reforms, rural unemployment, exploitation of landless labourers by land owners, economic
grievances and perceptions of gross social injustice in these states have given rise to ideological
terrorist groups such as the various Marxist/Maoist groups waging a war against the respective state
government.
Thirdly, religious causes too lead to terrorism in India. Punjab witnessed the growth of terrorism
when certain organisations of Sikhs led by Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale raised the demand for
Khalistan, an independent state for Sikhs. Some elements belonging to different organisations shifted
to terrorism for the creation of a separate state known as Khalistan for the Sikhs. Similarly, Jammu &
Kashmir has been reeling under religious extremism which seeks to appropriate all rights for Muslim
majority.
Agencies Fighting Terrorism in India
National Intelligence Wings: Among them, mention can be made of Intelligence Bureau, an
internal intelligence agency under the Ministry of Home Affairs; the Research and Analysis Wing, an
external intelligence agency under the Cabinet secretariat; the Defence Intelligence, and the
intelligence directorate generals of the armed forces.
Physical security agencies: Among them, we have the Central Industrial Security Force, which is
responsible for security at airports and sensitive establishments, and the National Security Guards
(NSG), a specially trained force, which is called in the wake of emergencies such as hijacking, hostage-
taking, etc. Then we have the Special Protection Group (SPG), which is responsible for the security of
the prime minister and former prime ministers.
Paramilitary forces: Not to be left behind, forces such as Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) and
the Border Security Force (BSF), assist the police in counter-terrorism operations in times of need.
The Army: The Indian Army has a significant role in India’s fight against terrorism. It has a
permanent position in J&K, which is bearing the brunt of large-scale infiltration from Pakistan and the
presence of divisive elements within the troubled state.
Conclusion
At the immediate level, terrorism results in loss of lives and livelihood, and destruction of properties.
But overall, terrorism creates a negative environment for the growth of trade and commerce, leading
to huge losses, recession and unemployment. India needs a strong political will to fight the scourge of
terrorism unitedly.
Manito National High School

Manito, Albay

SY: 2018-2019

ACADEMIC
TEXT AND
NON
ACADEMIC
TEXT
Submitted by: Jineth Recierdo

Submitted to: Carlo Salvador Catalan


ACADEMIC TEXT

Reinstating Compulsory Conscription


World War II marked the last war that received full American support. The draft, known today as compulsory
conscription, was an integral part of that war. Seventy percent of American men aged 18 to 35 served. The common
experience shared amongst these men created lifetime friendships for an entire generation. No other conflict since
then has come close to producing such national unification and pride of citizenry. So states Charles Moskos, late
professor of sociology for Northwestern University, recipient of the Distinguished Service Award for the U.S. Army,
and a draftee for the U.S. Army Combat Engineers (Moskos). Currently, however, according to the U.S. Department of
Veterans Affairs, the official estimate of the American veteran population is approximately 24,816,000 (“Veteran”).
Total U.S. population exceeds 301 million people (“The New Boomers”). In other words, the ratio of veterans to the
total U.S. population is less than 10%. Comparison of these figures reflects that American enlistment ratios in the U.S.
Armed forces have decreased dramatically since World War II. The U.S. is a dominant military force in the world
today; however, it also has allies that it must help protect and defend in the name of democracy. As a result of the
above, American forces are involved in multi-theater (or diverse worldwide) roles, both simultaneously and
continuously, thus spreading out our troops over diverse areas. Additionally, the extended war on terrorism
continues to deplete American military forces, and international news reflects American discord and varying degrees
of enthusiasm in continued war efforts. Consequently, since only one in ten Americans has served in the armed
forces, American understanding of military requirements is diminishing, right along with the unity that comes with
such knowledge. Thus, the realization that American safety walks hand in hand with a strong military never hits
home to the majority of today’s American citizens. Compulsory conscription needs reinstating to reestablish true
American citizenship and national unification of the people, thereby resulting in the expansion of U.S. troops and
increased homeland security.

Nonetheless, one of the worries of Americans in reinstituting the draft is that the educated, the rich, and the children
of political officials will still be able to avoid military service. Critics of the draft complain that full-time students will
continue to defer their military service to continue their education, and therefore conscription largely affects those
not able to afford to attend college (“National”). During a census in the late 70’s, only six college graduates joined the
enlisted ranks during the entire year of the census, reports author Alan Greenblatt (380). Another factor brought up
against the draft is the continued avoidance of serving in the military by the rich. Certainly, this may still be the case if
the draft were to be reinstated and the rich continued to move. David Segal, Director of the University of Maryland’s
Center for Research on Military Organizations, agrees that wealthy society members were exempt during colonial
times and during the Cold War. They paid others to replace them in the enlisted ranks (Greenblatt 380). Additionally,
James Quinlivan, senior analyst for the RAND Corporation, asserts that the rich moved to areas beyond the reach of
the draft rather than serve in the militia (Greenblatt 380). A 1960’s historian by the name of Myra Macpherson also
contends that as much as the country was against the Vietnam War, avoiding military service during that time was
considered a badge of honor (380). Additionally, portions of the American public contend that exclusion from
compulsory conscription will also include certain political factions. These American citizens feel that foreign war
commitment of the public is not strong because the children of elected officials do not serve (Greenblatt 381). In fact,
the overall percentage of congressional children in the military of service age continues to fall, states William Galston,
former Deputy Assistant to the President for Domestic Policy (214). Indeed, looking through the Iraq casualty list
over the years on CNN supports that the majority of the casualties are the poor, middle-class, or blue-collar workers.
Clearly, these worries about the privileged members of society being exempt from conscription are indeed a valid
concern of potential draftees.

Undoubtedly, worry about the exemption of privileged members of society from the draft is a matter of concern.
However, if compulsory conscription would be reinstated according to New York’s United States Representative
Charles Rangel’s proposed bill, it would replace the Selective Service law and introduce a system in which ALL
American men and women, including legal permanent residents, ages eighteen to twenty-six would be subject to
compulsory military service or an alternative civilian service (Rangel 206). The bill vests the President with the
authority to determine the numbers of draftees needed and the selection method. Deferment would be limited to
those completing high school, up to the age of twenty. Moreover, there would be no exemptions for college or
graduate school (206). Rangel also asserts that politicians would more readily feel the pain of war conflict and
sacrifice if their children were also on the front lines. He discloses that four only members of the 107th Congress who
voted in favor of the Iraq war had children in the military (206). Similarly, if Rangel’s mandatory military service
becomes reality, the government will put more consideration into troop deployments, and the American public will
be more accepting of the resultant casualties if the economically advantaged as well as politicians’ sons and
daughters are placed in combat situations (“National”). The majority of Americans will feel the ramifications of war.
Therefore, reinstating compulsory conscription will result in American unification.

Furthermore, those who oppose the draft feel that in a free society, the choice to serve or not to serve in the military
is a constitutional right, and mandatory military service is an infringement upon this right. In other words, a draft
will raise ethical issues by forcing Americans to join the armed forces against their will. Low morale will ensue, and
the military’s all-around quality will decline (“National”). Furthermore, enforcement of military service by the
government upon citizens implies a grantor-grantee relationship and that the government is not a true protector of
American rights warns Doug Bandow, former special assistant to President Reagan and his Military Manpower Task
Force. He also observes that freedom is not a gift from a king or the state requiring the paying of homage, as this
would reflect a feudalistic, fascist, and socialistic point of view (371). In other words, a free American’s rights are not
a privilege bestowed by the government, but the rights of a free society. In comparison, especially if military service is
life threatening, forcing Americans into service might not fit the definition of a free country (“National”).
Consequently, some Americans consider reinstatement of the draft to be unconstitutional, as allowing its future
implementation is in direct conflict with the definition of a free society. Given, if taken at face value, enforcing the
draft upon the “free” society of America may indeed appear to be an infringement of American rights. Nevertheless,
these same free Americans should want to defend themselves, their homes, and their country in the very name of
freedom. Their freedom is a direct result of the draft during the War of Independence (Kestnbaum 24). American
citizens should be proud of America’s hard-won freedom and the privileges that result from that freedom. Therefore,
doesn’t it follow that continuation of freedom be underscored by implementation of the draft? Indeed, if citizens
construe national service as a duty they owe to their country, why not enforce its implementation the same as
contractual duties? Additionally, Jim Lehrer, a former Marine Corps soldier during the 1950s, gratefully comments
that his forced service to his country changed his life. He insists his service permanently reconnected him to the rest
of the world outside of himself and, furthermore, that these connections are essential for the continued success of a
democratic society (“National”). Obviously, reinstating compulsory service is a benefit to the United States by not
only reintroducing citizen pride in defending America, but also by unifying America as a whole.

NON-ACADEMIC

ARTICLE ON FARMERS’ SUICIDES 2 (500 WORDS)


Farmers’ suicide has become a national problem in our country. Every other day we come across news about the
farmers committing suicide in different parts of the country. Undoubtedly the farmers play an important role in the
progress and development of the country, but still if they get prompted to end their lives due to any reason so far, it is
a matter of grave concern.
A major reason why the farmers commit suicide is that they borrow huge amount of money from moneylenders or
from their landlords for their harvest, but many times they fail to repay the huge debt. Such situation becomes more
difficult for those farmers who don’t have their own land to cultivate their crops. For the purpose of farming, they
take land from the landlords under the agreement of Batai which means the harvest shall be divided equally between
the farmers and their landlords.
Due to this system many times nothing comes into the hands of the farmers because they give half of the crop to their
landlords and the other half of the crop is used in the part-payment of the loan taken from the landlords or the
money lenders. On the other hand, landlords bear no responsibility other than suddenly entering into the scene
when the harvest is ready, just to collect their share.
Grave situation
We are already aware that in our country, every year the farmers have to suffer huge losses either due to floods, or
draughts. Whatever may be the reason so far for the loss of their crops, they end-up empty handed and fail to repay
their debt. In such a scenario, they suffer from humiliation and in such a situation their persisting mental agony
compels them to commit suicide.
We all know that our lives depend on the crops harvested by these farmers and so, the Government should
immediately find out some ways to help these farmers. The Government should carefully take into account all those
issues which compel the farmers to commit suicide and moreover, it should also fix all those issues immediately. In
almost every village of the country, the condition of the farmers is more or less same. When they fail to repay their
loans, they find it more convenient to end their life then to face the social humiliation.
What are the solutions?
The only solution to avoid this problem lies with the Government which is required to run crop guarantee scheme,
besides it may also arrange for providing loans to the farmers on negligible interest rate. The biggest step in this
direction that the Government may take to help the farmers can be – to make financial arrangements especially to
support the farmers while making the yearly budget.
It is very important to save the farmer from committing suicide by introducing path-breaking welfare schemes to
help them on a mass scale. Only by taking such measures, the providers of our food grains can be saved from leading
a miserable life which ends with suicide.
Conclusion: It is urgent to pay attention to the rising incidents of the framers committing suicide. The government
should come forward and take necessary steps to safeguard the farmers against all those issues which compel them
to commit suicide. It should make adequate arrangements for the farmers in case they lose their crops due to any
eventuality and moreover it should also provide them loan on the most economical interest rate to safeguard them
from becoming victims of landlords as well as money lenders.
Manito National High School

Manito, Albay

SY: 2018-2019

ACADEMIC
TEXT AND
NON
ACADEMIC
TEXT
Submitted by: Warren Arnaldo

Submitted to: Carlo Salvador Catalan


Manito National High School

Manito, Albay

SY: 2018-2019

ACADEMIC
TEXT AND
NON
ACADEMIC
TEXT
Submitted by: Ma Krizel P. Buelbo

Submitted to: Carlo Salvador Catalan


Short Essay on Life

Life is beautiful but not always easy, it has problems, too, and the challenge lies in facing them with courage,
letting the beauty of life act like a balm, which makes the pain bearable, during trying times, by providing hope
Happiness, sorrow, victory, defeat, day-night are the two sides of the me coin. Similarly life is full of moments of
joy, pleasure, success and comfort punctuated by misery, defeat, failures and problems. There is no human being
on Earth, strong, powerful, wise or rich, who has not experienced, struggle, suffering or failure.

No doubt, life is beautiful and every moment – a celebration of being alive, but one should be always ready to
face adversity and challenges. A person who has not encountered difficulties in life can never achieve success.
Difficulties test the courage, patience, perseverance and true character of a human being. Adversity and
hardships make a person strong and ready to face the challenges of life with equanimity. There is no doubt that
there can be no gain without pain. It is only when one toils and sweats it out that success is nourished and
sustained.
Thus, life is and should not be just a bed of roses; thorns are also a part of it and should be accepted by us just as
we accept the beautiful side of life.
The thorns remind one of how success and happiness can be evasive and thus not to feel disappointed and
disheartened rather remember that the pain of thorns is short-lived, and the beauty of life would soon overcome
the prick of thorns.

Those, who are under the impression that life is a bed of roses are disillusioned soon and become victims of
depression and frustration. One who faces difficulties with courage and accepts success without letting it go to
its head is the one who experience real happiness, contentment and peace in life.
Those, who think, that good times last forever, easily succumb to pressure during difficulties. They do not put in
required hard work and efforts because they break down easily.
You can take the example of a student, who burns the mid night oil, makes sacrifices and resists temptations so
that he can perform well. Similarly, a successful executive has to face the ups and downs of life, not forgetting
that life is a mix of success and failure, joy and sorrow.
If he loses hope during difficult times, he would not achieve success and would be replaced by others. Even the
strongest Kings and Emperors have had their cup of woes.

Life has not been a bed of roses for them. The adage ‘Uneasy lays the head that wears the crown’ has been
rightly used for people, who are successful and are enjoying power and authority.
To sum up, life is beautiful just as roses but it has challenges which are like thorns and have to be faced and
overcome by all. Those, who accept these, challenges and succeed, are the ones, who know how to live life in its
true sense. Thus, enjoy life but also be prepared to bear the pricks of pain.

NON- ACADEMIC

ARTICLE ON POLLUTION 3 (600 WORDS)


Pollution today poses a major threat to the survival of the world we live in. Smoke or dust released in the air is the
major type of pollution as it is extremely bad for the humans as it directly affects the lungs. Sewage, harmful content
in drinking water is another major type of pollution that makes people unhealthy and ill because it contains disease-
causing germs and viruses.
The environmental consequences of sudden rapid industrialization have resulted in various incidents of land, air and
water resources sites being contaminated with toxic materials and other pollutants, threatening humans and
ecosystems with serious health risks.
During manufacturing and construction activities every bit of natural resources is exploited to covert these into goods
that fulfil the needs of the countries. A major cause for all the causes listed above is the manufacturing that leads to
major types of pollution.
People living next to a building site where there is too much noise and construction activities rigorously going on tend
to fall sick.
Pollution can be considered as direct or indirect change in any component of the biosphere that is harmful to the living
components and in particular undesirable for humans, affecting adversely the industrial progress, cultural and natural
assets or general environment of living society.
The biggest irony of all this is that even if we know that the earth is getting polluted, ultimately it is the human beings
themselves who dig their own grave by doing deliberate activities because of which pollution is caused. It does not
only spoil human beings’ health but also worsen their quality of life.
Role of the Government:
The Government has launched various pollution prevention policies and Acts that focus on preventing and controlling
pollution by random means such as the following:
Adoption of clean and low waste technology, reusing and recycling, environment audit and pollution monitoring
activities, reducing hazardous materials at source wherever feasible, promoting recycling of waste, etc.
There has also been a concept called “Pollution prevention approach” that seeks to increase the efficiency of a process
reducing the amount of pollution generated at its source.
To give effect to the government policies, various steps have been initiated which include statutory stringent
regulations, development of environmental standards, control of pollution generated through vehicles, spatial
environmental planning including industrial estates and preparation of zoning atlas.
The policy statement for reduction of pollution lays emphasis on preventive aspects of pollution decline and
promotion of technologies that help to reduce pollution.
Pollution control is a recent environmental concern. The Government in order to evade pollution has encouraged
industries to regard ‘pollution’ as an economic problem and take reasonable actions to control the release of
polluted/toxic/harmful gases at their end.
Few major pollution control measures undertaken by the government are:
Implementation of waste minimization techniques and adoption of appropriate pollution control measures.
Spreading awareness messages through programs on usage of cleaner technologies and pollution control.
Assistance for sustainable development.
Ban on usage of plastic bags, creation of paper bags.
Creation of no-honking zones.
Policy of creating industrial sites away from the city.
Creation of garbage stacks so as to avoid littering on land.
In order to fight this life threatening effects of pollution, vigorous efforts should be made. Anti-pollution laws should
be strictly implemented. In order to check water pollution, sewage and the factory wastes should be properly disposed
off and vehicles should be made eco-friendly.
Environmental pollution is a global problem today. Public awareness is a must to prevent pollution. Population control
will also help to save the world from environmental pollution. Scientific exploitation of natural resources is yet
another step to prevent environmental pollution.
Short essay on Failures are
the Pillars of Success
Short essay on Failures are the Pillars of Success (Free to read). Life is a struggle. It is a
mixture of successes and failures. Nobody can be sure of success all through his life. Failure
can come in any venture and that sometimes most unexpectedly.
A person, who loses heart after failure, is a lost soul. But a person, who takes failure in its
own stride and continues his efforts for success, does succeed in the long run. The story of
King Bruce is too well-known to need to be described. That is why one poet has said,
‘Ties a lesson you should heed: Try, try again!
Till at last you do succeed Try, try again!”
All the great men of the world- the religious reformers, the scientists and others were men of
great determination. They had to face great obstacles in the fulfillment of their mission. But
they persevered relentlessly and at last they were able to achieve their aim.
In life we find sometimes a man failing in one particular profession. But he succeeds in some
other field simply if he goes on trying to know where his real aptitude lies. Failure in one field
does not mean failure in all fields. A man who does not lose heart and goes on trying, at last
gets vast experience in various fields. At last a time comes when he gets success in almost all
ventures. A student who cannot pull on well in one subject or discipline may change his
option; he is more likely to succeed in the new field if he works consistently and under
somebody’s able guidance. It is rightly said that failures are the stepping stones to success.
They may seem worthless in their own way but they have their inherent value. A political party
which is routed in one election may carry the day in the next poll. The same is the case with
players on the play-ground, indeed, with everybody in life.

HEALTH AND FITNESS ARTICLES


ARTICLE ON HEALTH AND FITNESS 1 (300 WORDS)
Being healthy and fit in simple terms means taking good care of the body. We should remember that
a healthy mind resides only in a healthy body. Good health of both mind and body helps one maintain
the required energy level to achieve success in life. All of us must strive to achieve wholesome health.
Protecting your body from the intake of harmful substances, doing regular exercises, having proper
food and sleep are some of the important instances that define a healthy lifestyle. Being fit allows us
to perform our activities without being lethargic, restless or tired.
A healthy and fit person is capable of living the life to the fullest, without any major medical or
physical issues. Being healthy is not only related to the physical well-being of a person, it also involves
the mental stability or the internal peace of a person.
Generally, a healthy diet consists of taking a proper and healthy food which includes eating green and
fresh vegetables, fruits, having milk, eggs, minerals, proteins and vitamins essential for a human’s
lifestyle. Practicing Yoga including regular exercises in your daily routine also help you maintain your
desired fitness, blood sugar and immunity level.
Healthy habits improve your physical appearance, mental stability, ability to perform activities in a
better way, which help you lead a stress-free lifestyle, maintaining happy moods, high energy levels,
etc. Each individual should take of one’s health on a priority; no single day should be skipped for
making efforts on maintaining physical and mental fitness. Being happy is directly related to boosting
your mental strength and health, so happiness can be considered as the result as well as the part of a
healthy and fit lifestyle.
Conclusion: Health is the most important thing that a person should take care of. Leading a healthy
lifestyle leads to happiness, success and achievements.
Manito National High School

Manito, Albay

SY: 2018-2019

ACADEMIC
TEXT AND
NON
ACADEMIC
TEXT
Submitted by: William Arnaldo

Submitted to: Carlo Salvador Catalan


How to Achieve Success

Everybody wants to succeed in life. For some success means achieving whatever they

desire or dream. For many it is the name, fame and social position. Whatever be the meaning

of success, it is the success which makes a man immortal.


All great men have been successful. They are remembered for their spectacular
achievements. But it is certain that success comes to those who are sincere, hardworking,
dedicated and committed to their goals.
Success has been man’s greatest stimulus. It is very important for all. Success has great
effect on life. It brings pleasure and pride. It gives a sense of fulfillment. It means all around
development. Everybody aspires to be successful in life. But success comes to those who
have a proper strategy, planning, vision and stamina. A proper and timely application of all
these things is bound to bear fruit. One cannot be successful without cultivating certain basic
things in life. It is very difficult to set out a journey without knowing one’s goals and
destinations. Clarity of the objective is a must to succeed in life. A focused approach with
proper planning is certain to bring success. Indecision and insincerity are big hindrance on the
path to success.

First deserve then desire is a well-known maxim. It is the move which decides the future. One
should have the capability, capacity and resources to turn one’s dreams into reality. Mere
desire cannot bring your success. The desire should be weighed against factors like capability
and resources. This is the basic requirement of success. The next important thing is the
eagerness, earnestness and the urge to be successful. It is the driving force which decides
the success. It is the first step of the ladder of success.
One needs to pursue one’s goals with all his earnestness and passion. One should be always
in high spirit. He should hold his vocation and calling in high esteem. Lack of such spirit leads
to inferiority complex which is a big stumbling block on the path to success. Time is also a
deciding factor. Timely action bears the desired fruit. Time once lost can never be regained.
Time is opportunity, so grab the time with all the promptness and activity. Delays have
dangerous consequences. Rest is the rust of life. Only the punctual and committed have
succeeded in life. Life of great men is examples for this. They had all these ingredients in
abundance which helped them rose to the peak of success.
Hard labour is one of the basic pre-requisites of success. There is no substitute to hard
labour. It alone can take one to the peak of success. Every success has a ratio of five per
cent inspiration and ninety-five per cent perspiration. It is the patience, persistence and
perseverance which play decisive role in success. Failures are the pillars of success.
They point to the drawbacks which need to be removed. The success of all the great men in
the world bears testimony to the fact. Napoleon is quoted for his dynamic view that ‘the word
impossible can be found only in the dictionary of the fool’. This has the message that we
should never lose heart in the face of failures. The shirkers are doomed to fail everywhere in
life. Those who believe in hard labour will never seek solace in favours and fortune.
Thus, success is the outcome of various combined factors. Lack of any one of them can
reverse the impact.

NON-ACADEMIC

CHILD LABOUR ARTICLES


ARTICLE ON CHILD LAB OUR 1 (300 WORDS)
Not all children in India are lucky to enjoy their childhood. Many of them are forced to work under
inhuman conditions where their miseries know no end. Though there are laws banning child labour,
still children continue to be exploited as cheap labour. It is because the authorities are unable to
implement the laws meant to protect children from being engaged as labourers.
Unfortunately, the actual number of child labourers in India goes un-detected. Children are forced to
work is completely unregulated condition without adequate food, proper wages, and rest. They are
subjected to physical, sexual and emotional abuse.
Causes of Child Labour: Factors such as poverty, lack of social security, the increasing gap
between the rich and the poor have adversely affected children more than any other group. We have
failed to provide universal education, which results in children dropping out of school and entering
the labour force.
Loss of jobs of parents in a slowdown, farmers’ suicide, armed conflicts and high costs of healthcare
are other factors contributing to child labour.
A widespread problem: Due to high poverty and poor schooling opportunities, child labour is
quite prevalent in India. Child labour is found in rural as well as urban areas. The 2001 census found
an increase in the number of child labourers from 11.28 million in 1991 to 12.59 million.
Children comprise 40% of the labour in the precious stone cutting sector. They are also employed in
other industries such as mining, zari and embroidery, dhabas, tea stalls and restaurants and in homes
as domestic labour.
Conclusion: Government authorities and civil society organizations need to work in tandem to free
children engaged in labour under abysmal conditions. They need to be rescued from exploitative
working conditions and supported with adequate education. Above all, there is a need to mobilize
public opinion with an aim to bring about an effective policy initiative to abolish child labour in all its
forms.

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