Simulation of Engineering Systems 3 (ENG 3036)

&
Simulation of Aerospace Systems (ENG 5076)
Lecturer: Dr Euan McGookin
Office: Rm 722, James Watt Building (South)
Ext: 6023
E-mail: Euan.Mcgookin@glasgow.ac.uk
Suggested Books:
D Matko, B Zupancic & R Karba, “Simulation and Modelling of
Continuous Systems”, Prentice Hall
D J Murray-Smith, “Continuous System Simulation”, Chapman & Hall
C.F. Gerald & P.O. Wheatley, “Applied Numerical Analysis, Sixth Edition”,
Addison-Wesley
W. H. Press et al, “Numerical Recipes in C/Fortran/Fortran 90/Pascal
the Art of Scientific Computing, Second Edition”, Cambridge University
Press
 Course Layout
Lectures
• Continuous Time System Simulation
• Numerical Methods
• Real Time Simulation
• Training Simulation
Laboratories
• An Introduction to Simulink
• An Introduction to Continuous Time Simulation
• Assignment (2 help sessions in the lab)
Assessment
• Assignment (25%)
• Examination (75%)
 What are Numerical Methods?

Numerical Methods are routines and algorithms for

analysing physical systems

These are usually heuristics implemented in a

computer to analyse system behaviour

The algorithms are approximate representations of

a system’s performance
 What is simulation?

simulate (verb) - imitate conditions of

situations, processes etc. e.g. for training

simulation (noun) - mechanism used to simulate

situations, processes etc.
 Simulation

• To represent Real Systems as Mathematical

Models

• Use these Mathematical Models to predict

the behaviour of the Real System
 Identification & Simulation Process
REAL SYSTEM
DYNAMIC RESPONSE
RESPONSE
COMPARISON

time
time

SIMULATED
xɺ = f ( x , u ) RESPONSE

time

MATHEMATICAL u x
f(x,u)
MODELLING

BLOCK DIAGRAM AND SIMULATION

Continuous Time Simulation

• Engineering Design
• Training
• Education
• Research
• In-situ testing of partial systems
• Games
Why do we use simulation?
Why do we use simulation?

• Analysing Complex Systems

• Flexibility
• Design
• Cost
• Safety issues
• Training
 Important Factors for Simulation

• Computing speed
• Ease of program entry and modification
• Ease of entry and modification of parameters,
initial conditions, etc.
• Convenience of output display format
• Form of program storage and documentation
• Ease of pre-programming multiple runs
 MATLAB
• MATrix LABoratory
• High Level Language
• Produced by The MathWorks, Inc.
• Matrices are the basic data elements
• Technical computing environment
• Functions - M-files
• Coding is not as involved as traditional languages
 MATLAB Toolboxes

• Toolboxes - collections of purpose built

functions for various applications e.g.

♦ Control systems design

♦ System identification
♦ Signal processing
 MATLAB Visualisation
• Easy to use graphics commands plot (x, y,’b’)
100

80

surf (x, y, z) 60

f(t)
40

20

-20
0 0.5 1 1.5 2
time(s)

penny demonstration
 Users of MATLAB

• Academia - Universities (teaching and

research)
• Government - Research Establishments
(e.g. DSTL)
• Industry - Westland Helicopters, BAe
Systems, Rolls Royce, MacLaren F1, BP
 Simulink
• Block Diagram user interface for MATLAB
• Allows systems to be represented graphically
• Blocks can be user generated M-files or standard
library functions
• Easier to use than conventional text based languages
- particularly for the inexperienced user
• Can provide an
external interface
for connection to
physical systems
An aircraft
 Aircraft Systems

PILOT
AVIONICS FUSELAGE

CONTROL SURFACES
 Block Diagram Representation
of an Aircraft

FUEL ENGINE

PILOT AVIONICS

SIMULATED
CONTROL FUSELAGE/ DYNAMIC
SURFACES WINGS/TAIL RESPONSE
Block diagram implemented in
Simulink
Simulated Dynamic Response