CONCEPTS AND. MODELS OF INORGANIC CHEMISTRYConcepts and Models of Inorganic Chemistry Third Edition Bodie E. pecnlas University of Pittsburgh Darl H. McDaniel University of Cincinnati John J. Alexander University of Cincinnati ® John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York Chichester Brisbane Toronto SingaporeACQUISITIONS EDITOR Nedah Rose MARKETING MANAGER Cathy Faduska PRODUCTION EDITOR Bonnie Cabot DESIGNER Kevin Murphy MANUFACTURING MANAGER Andrea Price ILLUSTRATION Jaime Perea/Sigraund Malinowski ‘This book was set in 10/12 Times Roman by Interactive Composition Corp. and printed and bound by Malloy Lithographing. The cover was printed by Lehigh Press, Recognizing the importance of preserving what has been written, itis a policy of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. to hhave books of enduring value published in the United States printed on acid-free paper, and we exert our best efforts to that end ‘The paper on this book was manufictured by a mill whose forest management programs include sustained yield harvesting of its timberlands, Sustained yield harvesting principles ensure that the number of trees cut each year does not exceed the amount of new growth. Copyright © 1965, 1983, 1994 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Published simultaneously in Canada, Reproduction or translation of any part of this work beyond that permitted by Sections 107 and 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright ‘Act without the permission of the copyright owner is unlawful. Requests for permission or further information should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data: Douglas, Bodie Eugene, 1924— ‘Concepts and models of inorganic chemistry / Bodie E. Douglas, Darl McDaniel, John Alexander. —3rd ed. Pom. Includes bibliographical references and index 1. Chemistry, Inorganic, 1. MeDaniel, Darl Hamilton, 1928— U. Alexander, John J. Il, Title. (QD475.D65 1993, 546—de20 93-38708 cP Printed in the United States of America 0987654321 Printed and bound by Malloy Lithographing, Ine. Preface ‘Texthooks are written or revised to meet a need perceived by the authors. The goal of the first edition of Concepts and Models was to create an inorganic chemistry text organized around the models undergirding the field rather than the traditional group-by-group survey of the periodic table. We drew heavily on such sources as Pauling’s Nature of the Chemi- cal Bond, Herzberg’s Atomic Spectra, Latimer’s Oxidation Potentials, Basolo & Pearson’s Mechanisms of Inorganic Reactions and other “classic” books as well as the original litera- ture of the decade past as filtered through our eyes. We did not hesitate to speculate on structures then unknown (p. 181), numerical data not yet determined (p. 186), or unex- plored mechanisms (with warnings to the reader such as “probably having units such as,” “based on the assumption,” “somewhat speculative explanation”) since this is exactly what ‘we hoped the student would attempt, We encouraged use of the original literature with ex- tensive citations to journal articles as well as the general references to books and review articles at the end of chapters. We included solved example problems within chapters as well as problem sets at the end of chapters. We had an extensive set of appendices includ- ing an exhaustive update of Latimer’s redox potentials. AAs befitted the title, we took spe- cial care with the numerous illustrations, and virtually all of the printed chemical formu- las conveyed stereochemical information. In the early sixties “advanced inorganic chemistry” courses varied widely depending ‘on the interests of the instructor. Concepts and Models of Inorganic Chemistry helped to define modern upper level inorganic chemistry courses, standardized examinations at that level, and inorganic chemistry texts that followed. ‘The second edition of this text (1983) updated the book. The introduction of symme- try and group theory was a leadership step. Bioinorganic chemistry was added. A new coauthor, John J. Alexander, was added to broaden the expertise of the authors. The cov- erage of organometallic chemistry was expanded and kinetics was treated in greater depth.