LITERATURE REVIEW

"Mahesh Kumar Rajuldevi 2008-THEORY AND PRACTICE IN Warehousing":

The problem in the warehouses is that the old and conventional methods which
are obsolete are combined with very crowded conditions. Hence there is
always a quest for newer and better methods. However, merely installing the
newer methods does not mean that the system is effective and efficient, there is
also necessity of a strong supervisory organization of the system to make the
methods more effective and this also requires lot of training and managing the
operations. Comparing the present situation to the theoretical framework in
order to get an idea of the strategies deployed by the businesses. the
warehouses today are deploying a mixture of both latest strategies and
technologies and the traditional methods in order to have a good efficiency in
the warehouses.

"Tomkins 1990-Warehouse management systems’’:

The majority of warehousing problems occur because of a lack of control of

inventory,

Operations, and/or management. To become dynamic, successful and

consistent, an organization must control its warehouse operations. A principal
requirement for controlling the warehouse is harnessing the power of
technology to maximize a facility’s potential.

Furthermore, the road to overall organizational excellence goes right through

the warehouse

door. A control system is a means by which operations are managed. It can be

manual or

computerized. Its basic objectives are:

To identify and coordinate the work

To help maximize performance and customer satisfaction and minimize

mistakes.

To report the past, present, and future work status via activity-based costing.

A manual control system uses physical, paper-based technology to attempt to

streamline

warehousing operations. Due to the rate of change; demands for accurate

real-time
information; expectations of next-day service and marketplace competition, the
use of

manual systems in the 21st century is unrealistic. Today, the need to

computerize is critical;

tomorrow it will be too late.

A computerized warehouse management system (WMS) is the integration of

bar coding

technology, radio frequency (RF) communications equipment, hardware, and

software. The

sophistication of WMSs can vary from simple stock location control to systems
that can nearly maximize customer satisfaction, space, labor, and equipment in
the warehouse.

It is important to note that one should not confuse WMS technology with
business systems

applications that impact the warehouse. A mainframe inventory control

application or module is not a WMS. A manufacturing resource planning (MRP
II) system is not a WMS. AWMS is an operating tool that is based upon the
needs of the warehouse operation and provides tools and information for the
management of the warehouse.

"Hompel,Ten.,Michael ., Schmidt, Thorsten" 2007-Due to the changing trends

in the businesses, warehousing and distribution operations should adopt to the
emerging changes and growing needs of the customers. The term
‘Globalization’ brought rigorous changes in the field of logistics. The distribution
operations now pay more emphasis on fewer inventories, smaller order sizes,
larger SKU catalogues, quicker order turnaround, increased customized
packaging and value adding services. Once the businesses concentrated only
on local distribution centers and now all the companies give more importance
on having more globalized distribution centers, and instead of having single
network channel, they are having multiple distribution channels. In order to
cope to these changing trends every second, most of the companies have
deployed new technologies such as Warehouse management systems (WMS)
and Transportation management systems (TMS) and some have decided to
redesign the processes and facilities to meet the emerging requirements as
well as to reduce costs and improve service levels to the customers at the same
time. Some large scale businesses have gone one step ahead and decided to
deploy automation of the whole warehousing operations. Some have already
opted to outsource all their warehousing operations to third party logistics
provider (3PL).
"J.A. Tompkins" New York 1996-warehouse management system
technologies

The majority of warehousing problems occur because of a lack of control of

inventory,

operations, and/or management. To become dynamic, successful and

consistent, an organization

must control its warehouse operations. A principal requirement for controlling

the

warehouse is harnessing the power of technology to maximize a facility’s

potential.

Furthermore, the road to overall organizational excellence goes right through

the warehouse

door. A control system is a means by which operations are managed. It can be

manual or

computerized.

Its basic objectives are:

To identify and coordinate the work

To help maximize performance and customer satisfaction and minimize

mistakes.

To report the past, present, and future work status via activity-based costing.

A manual control system uses physical, paper-based technology to attempt to

streamline

warehousing operations. Due to the rate of change; demands for accurate

real-time

information; expectations of next-day service and marketplace competition, the

use of

manual systems in the 21st century is unrealistic. Today, the need to

computerize is critical;

tomorrow it will be too late. A computerized warehouse management system

(WMS) is the integration of bar coding technology, radio frequency (RF)
communications equipment, hardware, and software. The sophistication of
WMSs can vary from simple stock location control to systems that can nearly
maximize customer satisfaction, space, labor, and equipment in the warehouse.
It is important to note that one should not confuse WMS technology with
business systems applications that impact the warehouse. A mainframe
inventory control application or module is not a WMS. A manufacturing
resource planning (MRP II) system is not a WMS. AWMS is an operating tool
that is based upon the needs of the warehouse operation and provides tools
and information for the management of the warehouse.

" Bridget McCrea" October 01, 2012-logistics management

The "warehouse" concept is simple in theory. After all, how difficult can it really
be to manage a cavernous space filled with racks, boxes, pallets, and forklifts?

In reality, the task is huge and requires the right mix of people, systems, and
solutions to run smoothly. For many logistics professionals, the latter need is
filled by a WMS, which is tasked with controlling the movement and storage of
materials within an operation and then processing the associated transactions.

As WMS evolved over the years, the number of functionalities that these
systems can handle has increased exponentially. Wave and batch picking, task
interleaving (mixing dissimilar tasks like put away and picking), automated data
collection (ADC), advanced shipment notifications (ASN), cross docking, and
slotting are just a few of the vital warehouse functions that today’s WMS can
tackle.

According to Reiser’s research at ARC, the WMS add-on market was one of the
sector’s key drivers in 2011. Add-on functionalities like analytics, labor
management, and optimization are in high demand as shippers strive to work
smarter, better, and faster in today’s competitive business environment.

Joe Vernon, manager of North America supply chain technologies for

Capgemini, certainly agrees with Reiser’s assessment. "We’ve seen increased
breadth and height within the base of standard WMS products," says Vernon.
"There are so many features that come standard and many more that shippers
can pick out and use as they need them. That’s helped more end customers
make ‘buy’ decisions."

Availability of turnkey, ready-to-use systems is also driving demand, says

Vernon, who points to RedPrairie’s WMS as a good example of a solution that
allows shippers to "purchase a license and go live with a minimal amount of
work," he explains. "Just three or four years ago that would not have been
possible due to the need for changes and modifications."

"Clint Reiser" 2011-logistics management

The warehouse management systems (WMS) market is on a tear. In 2011 it
grew by 10 percent over 2010 to nearly $1.3 billion, according to ARC Advisory
Group, a leading supply chain management software analyst firm.

That double-digit growth aligns with Logistics Management’s 2012 Software

Survey, which identified WMS as the top software choice for 35 percent—the
highest percentage across all supply chain software sectors—of the logistics
professionals that were in the market for supply chain solutions over the past
year.

Clint Reiser, ARC research analyst, credits several forces with driving the
impressive WMS market growth. "A demand bottleneck created by the
economic recession—and then let loose in 2011 when companies slowly began
spending again—was one of the key drivers," says Reiser. Also buoying the
sector’s impressive increase, according to Reiser, were growth spikes in
emerging markets like Latin America and Asia, the introduction of add-on
functionalities, as well as the strong growth within the discrete manufacturing
sector.

Synthesis

The proponents believe that every literature and every studies stated in this
research is similar on the present study . The proponents relate and
differentiate the research based on the flow of their transaction from the
proposed study. The transaction and process and also the design
specialization will easy help to acquire and accommodate and communicate
with the user. The proponents get and use other research in this chapter, in
which it helps to them, because they get knowledge during creating the
systems.

This Review of Related Literature and Studies, illustrate the specific and
general task of they Warehouse Management System, also the types of
Inventory that gives a lot of knowledge for everyone before entering into
business and using Inventory.

Warehouse Management system, tackled how you manage your Warehouse

whether manual or computerized, both of that having advantages and
disadvantages for the business, this chapter
gives an idea also for the reader to review what’s use of WMS to the business