FOKUS SKL & BANK SOAL UN

SMA IPA
BAHASA INGGRIS
 LISTENING SECTION
SHORT CONVERSATION

A. Jenis Soal

1. Soal yang menanyakan Pikiran Utama (Main Idea)

a. What is the main idea of this talk?
(Apa pikiran utama dari percakapan ini?)
b. What are they talking about?
(Apa yang sedang mereka bicarakan?)

2. Soal yang menanyakan Topik Pembicaraan

a. What is the text about?
(Tentang apa teks tersebut?)
b. What is the talk about?
(Tentang apa percakapan tersebut?)
c. What does the text talk about?
(Teks tersebut membicarakan tentang apa?)
d. What is the topic of this talk?
(Apa topik dari percakapan ini?)

3. Soal yang menanyakan Kesimpulan (Conclusion/Inference)

a. What can we infer from the talk?
(Apa yang bisa kita simpulkan dari pembicaraan tersebut?)
b. What is the conclusion of this meeting?
(Apa kesimpulan dari pertemuan ini?)

4. Soal yang menanyakan Informasi yang detail (Detailed Information) mengenai Siapa [Who),
Apa (What), Di mana (Where), Kapan (When), dan Bagaimana (How).
a. Where did it happen?
(Di mana terjadinya?)
b. When was this virus invented?
(Kapan virus ini ditemukan?)
c. How could the explorer obtained the location ?
(Bagaimana penjelajah mendapatkan lokasi tersebut?)
d. Who is invited to the party?
(Siapa yang diundang ke pesta itu?)
 e. What time did the meeting begin ?
(Jam berapa pertemuan itu dimulai?)

5. Soal yang menanyakan Saran (Suggestion/Advice)

a. What does the woman suggest?
(Apa yang wanita tersebut sarankan?)
b. What should the man do?
(Apa yang seharusnya laki-laki itu kerjakan?)

6. Soal yang menanyakan implikasi (Implication)

a. What does this statement imply?
(Apa implikasi dari pernyataan ini?)

7. Soal yang menanyakan Tujuan (Purpose)

a. What is the purpose of the talk?
(Apa tujuan dari percakapan tersebut?)

8. Soal yang menanyakan Judul (Title)

a. What is the best title of the talk?
(Apa judul yang terbaik untuk percakapan tersebut?)

9. Soal yang menanyakan tentang Sikap/Pandangan Pembicara (Speaker's View), apakah puas
(satisfied) sedih (sad), bahagia (happy), kritis (critical), dan sebagainya, misalnya:
a. What's the speaker's impression about the event?
(Bagaimana kesan pembicara tentang acara tersebut?)
b. What does the speaker's feel about it?
(Apa yang pembicara rasakan tentang ini?)

10. Soal yang menanyakan tentang Peserta Ceramah (Audience)

a. Who is the speech addressing to?
(Ditujukan kepada siapa pidato tersebut?)
b. Whom is the speaker talk to?
(Kepada siapa pembicara tersebut berbicara?)
 B. Phonetic Symbols

A phoneme is the smallest sound in a language. The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) is a system of
letters and symbols that are used to represent the individual sounds of a language.
Click on the links to watch a short video of how each sound is produced.
Phonetic symbol Example Phonetic spelling Video

/i/ beat /b/ /i/ /t/

/ɪ/ bit /b/ /ɪ/ /t/

/e/ bait /b/ /e/ /t/

/ɛ/ bet /b/ /ɛ/ /t/

/æ/ bat /b/ /æ/ /t/

/ʌ/ but /b/ /ʌ/ /t/

/ə/ about /ə/ /b/ /o/ /t/

/ɚ/ bird /b/ /ɚ/ /d/

/u/ boot /b/ /u/ /t/

/ʊ/ book /b/ /ʊ/ /k/

/o/ boat /b/ /o/ /t/

/ɔ/ bought /b/ /ɔ/ /t/

/ɑ/ bob /b/ /ɑ/ /b/

/ɑɪ/ bite /b/ /ɑɪ/ /t/

/ɑʊ/ brown /b/ /r/ /ɑʊ/ /n/

/ɔɪ/ boy /b/ /ɔɪ/

/p/ pot /p/ /ɑ/ /t/

/b/ bet /b/ /ɛ/ /t/

/d/ dog /d/ /ɔ/ /g/

/t/ top /t/ /ɑ/ /p/

/k/ kit /k/ /ɪ/ /t/

/g/ got /g/ /ɑ/ /t/

/f/ fog /f/ /ɔ/ /g/

/v/ vat /v/ /æ/ /t/

/ɵ/ thick /ɵ/ /ɪ/ /k/

/ð/ that /ð/ /æ/ /t/

/s/ sat /s/ /æ/ /t/

/z/ zoo /z/ /u/

/ʃ/ shut /ʃ/ /ʌ/ /t/

/ʒ/ measure /m/ /ɛ/ /ʒ/ /ɚ/

/h/ help /h/ /ɛ/ /l/ /p/

/ʧ/ church /ʧ/ /ɚ/ /ʧ/

/ʤ/ jump /ʤ/ /ʌ/ /m/ /p/

/m/ mom /m/ /ɑ/ /m/

/n/ nod /n/ /ɑ/ /d/

/ŋ/ thing /ɵ/ /ɪ/ /ŋ/

/l/ lot /l/ /ɑ/ /t/

/r/ rat /r/ /æ/ /t/

/w/ won /w/ /ʌ/ /n/

/j/ you /j/ /u/

 QUESTION AND RESPONSE

Pada bagian ini Anda akan mendengarkan sebuah pertanyaan, kemudian anda harus memilih satu
respon yang paling tepat untuk pertanyaan itu. Yang harus Anda waspadai adalah:
Terdapat kata-kata yang bunyinya mirip dengan kata di pertanyaan.

Contoh:
Question : How much does it cost?
Answer : Tank you very much.

Pembahasan:
1. Meskipun sama-sama terdapat kata much, tapi jawaban itu bukan respon yang tepat untuk
pertanyaan ‘How much does it cost?‘
2. Perhatikan kata tanya di awal kalimat (WH question; who, what, when, where, why, what, How,
dll.) Waspadai pula penggunaan ‘question tags’
3. Jika Anda ragu-ragu, pilih saja respon/ jawaban yang Anda rasa paling masuk akal untuk
pertanyaan tersebut.

A. English Tongue Twisters

Tongue Twisters that Will Improve Your Pronunciation

Baca dengan benar dan cepat

Read as correct as fast!

1
Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers. A peck of pickled peppers Peter Piper picked. If Peter Piper
picked a peck of pickled peppers, Where's the peck of pickled peppers Peter Piper picked?
2
A quick witted cricket critic.
3
I saw Esau sitting on a seesaw. I saw Esau; he saw me.
4
I saw Susie sitting in a shoe shine shop. Where she sits she shines, and where she shines she sits.
5
How many boards Could the Mongols hoard If the Mongol hoards got bored?
from the comic Calvin & Hobbes, by Bill Waterson
6
How can a clam cram in a clean cream can?
7
Send toast to ten tense stout saints' ten tall tents.
by Raymond Weisling
 8
Denise sees the fleece, Denise sees the fleas. At least Denise could sneeze
and feed and freeze the fleas.
9
Coy knows pseudonoise codes.
by Pierre Abbat
10
Sheena leads, Sheila needs.
11
The thirty-three thieves thought that they thrilled the throne throughout Thursday.
12
Something in a thirty-acre thermal thicket of thorns and thistles thumped and thundered threatening the
three-D thoughts of Matthew the thug - although, theatrically, it was only the thirteen-thousand thistles
and thorns through the underneath of his thigh that the thirty year old thug thought of that morning.
by Meaghan Desbiens
13
Can you can a can as a canner can can a can?
14
Seth at Sainsbury's sells thick socks.
15
You cuss, I cuss, we all cuss, for asparagus!
From a Far Side cartoon by Gary Larson
16
Roberta ran rings around the Roman ruins.
17
Clean clams crammed in clean cans.
18
Six sick hicks nick six slick bricks with picks and sticks.
19
I wish to wish the wish you wish to wish, but if you wish the wish the witch wishes, I won't wish the wish
you wish to wish.
20
Stupid superstition!
21
There was a fisherman named Fisher who fished for some fish in a fissure. Till a fish with a grin, pulled
the fisherman in. Now they're fishing the fissure for Fisher.
22
World Wide Web
23
To sit in solemn silence in a dull dark dock In a pestilential prison with a life long lock Awaiting the
sensation of a short sharp shock From a cheap and chippy chopper on a big black block.
by W.S. Gilbert of Gilbert and Sullivan from The Mikado
24
Picky people pick Peter Pan Peanut-Butter, 'tis the peanut-butter picky people pick.
from a commercial
25
If Stu chews shoes, should Stu choose the shoes he chews?
26
Luke's duck likes lakes. Luke Luck licks lakes. Luke's duck licks lakes. Duck takes licks in lakes Luke Luck
likes. Luke Luck takes licks in lakes duck likes.
from Dr. Seuss' Fox in Socks
 27
Seventy seven benevolent elephants
harder than it seems
28
There those thousand thinkers were thinking how did the other three thieves go through.
29
Santa's Short Suit Shrunk
name of a children's book
30
I was born on a pirate ship
Hold your tounge while saying it.
31
I scream, you scream, we all scream for icecream!
32
Wayne went to Wales to watch walruses.
33
In Hertford, Hereford and Hampshire hurricanes hardly ever happen.
From the film ""My Fair Lady""
34
One-one was a race horse. Two-two was one too. One-one won one race. Two-two won one too.
35
Eleven benevolent elephants
36
Celibate celebrant, celibate celebrant, celibate celebrant, ...
37
Willy's real rear wheel
David Bowser in Harrisburg, PA
38
If Pickford's packers packed a packet of crisps would the packet of crisps that Pickford's packers packed
survive for two and a half years?
from Naomi Fletcher's real life
39
Six sleek swans swam swiftly southwards
40
Gobbling gorgoyles gobbled gobbling goblins.
41
Did Dick Pickens prick his pinkie pickling cheap cling peaches in an inch of Pinch or framing his famed
French finch photos?
42
Pirates Private Property
43
What a terrible tongue twister, what a terrible tongue twister, what a terrible tongue twister...
44
When you write copy you have the right to copyright the copy you write. ...
45
A big black bug bit a big black dog on his big black nose!
by Kitty Morrow
46
Elizabeth's birthday is on the third Thursday of this month.
47
Ann and Andy's anniversary is in April.
 48
Flash message!
49
Frogfeet, flippers, swimfins.
50
Hassock hassock, black spotted hassock. Black spot on a black back of a black spotted hassock.
51
How many cookies could a good cook cook If a good cook could cook cookies? A good cook could cook as
much cookies as a good cook who could cook cookies.
52
How much ground would a groundhog hog, if a groundhog could hog ground? A groundhog would hog
all the ground he could hog, if a groundhog could hog ground.
53
How much pot, could a pot roast roast, if a pot roast could roast pot.
54
How much wood could Chuck Woods' woodchuck chuck, if Chuck Woods' woodchuck could and would
chuck wood? If Chuck Woods' woodchuck could and would chuck wood, how much wood could and
would Chuck Woods' woodchuck chuck? Chuck Woods' woodchuck would chuck, he would, as much as
he could, and chuck as much wood as any woodchuck would, if a woodchuck could and would chuck
wood.
55
Mary Mac's mother's making Mary Mac marry me. My mother's making me marry Mary Mac. Will I
always be so Merry when Mary's taking care of me? Will I always be so merry when I marry Mary Mac?
from a song by Carbon Leaf
56
Mr. Tongue Twister tried to train his tongue to twist and turn, and twit an twat, to learn the letter ""T"".
57
Pete's pa pete poked to the pea patch to pick a peck of peas for the poor pink pig in the pine hole pig-
pen.
58
She saw Sherif's shoes on the sofa. But was she so sure she saw Sherif's shoes on the sofa?
59
Through three cheese trees three free fleas flew. While these fleas flew, freezy breeze blew. Freezy
breeze made these three trees freeze. Freezy trees made these trees' cheese freeze. That's what made
these three free fleas sneeze.
from Fox in Sox by Dr. Seuss
60
Two tried and true tridents
61
rudder valve reversals
the cause of some plane crashes
62
Birdie birdie in the sky laid a turdie in my eye. If cows could fly I'd have a cow pie in my eye.

63
How many cans can a cannibal nibble if a cannibal can nibble cans? As many cans as a cannibal can
nibble if a cannibal can nibble cans.
64
A twister of twists once twisted a twist; A twist that he twisted was a three-twisted twist; If in twisting a
twist one twist should untwist, The untwisted twist would untwist the twist.
 65
Thirty-three thirsty, thundering thoroughbreds thumped Mr. Thurber on Thursday.
66
Four furious friends fought for the phone.
67
Plymouth sleuths thwart Luther's slithering.
68
Bobby Bippy bought a bat. Bobby Bippy bought a ball. With his bat Bob banged the ball Banged it bump
against the wall But so boldly Bobby banged it That he burst his rubber ball ""Boo!"" cried Bobby Bad
luck ball Bad luck Bobby, bad luck ball Now to drown his many troubles Bobby Bippy's blowing bubbles.
from mid-Willamette Valley theater
69
Black background, brown background.
70
Why do you cry, Willy? Why do you cry? Why, Willy? Why, Willy? Why, Willy? Why?
71
Very well, very well, very well ...
72
Tie twine to three tree twigs.
73
Rory the warrior and Roger the worrier were reared wrongly in a rural brewery.
74
Mares eat oats and does eat oats, and little lambs eat ivy. A Kid will eat ivy too, wouldn't you?
75
Three short sword sheaths.
76
Caution: Wide Right Turns
Seen on semi-tractor trailers
77
Rolling red wagons
78
Green glass globes glow greenly.
79
Robert Wayne Rutter
personal name
80
I stood sadly on the silver steps of Burgess's fish sauce shop, mimicking him hiccuping, and wildly
welcoming him within.
81
When I was in Arkansas I saw a saw that could outsaw any other saw I ever saw, saw. If you've got a saw
that can outsaw the saw I saw saw then I'd like to see your saw saw.
82
black back bat
83
The queen in green screamed.
84
How many berries could a bare berry carry, if a bare berry could carry berries? Well they can't carry
berries (which could make you very wary) but a bare berry carried is more scary!
85
What did you have for breakfast? - rubber balls and liquor! What did you have for lunch? - rubber balls
and liquor! What did you have for dinner? - rubber balls and liquor! - rubber balls and liquor!
 86
Snap Crackel pop, Snap Crackel pop, Snap Crackel pop
87
Six slimy snails sailed silently.
88
I thought, I thought of thinking of thanking you.
89
Seven slick slimey snakes slowly sliding southward.
90
Red Buick, blue Buick
91
Roofs of mushrooms rarely mush too much.
by Matt Duchnowski
92
He threw three balls.
93
The great Greek grape growers grow great Greek grapes.
94
Singing Sammy sung songs on sinking sand.
95
We're real rear wheels.
96
Rhys watched Ross switch his Irish wristwatch for a Swiss wristwatch.
97
I wish to wash my Irish wristwatch.
98
Near an ear, a nearer ear, a nearly eerie ear.
99
On a lazy laser raiser lies a laser ray eraser.
100
Scissors sizzle, thistles sizzle.
101
Tom threw Tim three thumbtacks.
102
How much caramel can a canny canonball cram in a camel if a canny canonball can cram caramel in a
camel?
103
He threw three free throws.
104
Fresh French fried fly fritters
105
Gig whip, gig whip, gig whip, ...
106
I was born on a pirate ship.
Say it while holding your tongue.
107
2 Y's U R. 2 Y's U B. I C U R. 2 Y's 4 me!
108
Little Mike left his bike like Tike at Spike's.
109
Eddie edited it.
 110
Yellow butter, purple jelly, red jam, black bread. Spread it thick, say it quick! Yellow butter, purple jelly,
red jam, black bread. Spread it thicker, say it quicker! Yellow butter, purple jelly, red jam, black bread.
Don't eat with your mouth full!
111
Wow, race winners really want red wine right away!
112
The ruddy widow really wants ripe watermelon and red roses when winter arrives.
113
I'll chew and chew until my jaws drop.
114
Triple Dickle
a strong drink
115
How many sheets could a sheet slitter slit if a sheet slitter could slit sheets?
116
Supposed to be pistachio, supposed to be pistachio, supposed to be pistachio.
by Diane Estep
117
Chester Cheetah chews a chunk of cheep cheddar cheese.
from a high school singing class
118
Real rock wall, real rock wall, real rock wall
119
Argyle Gargoyle
120
Peggy Babcock
personal name
121
If you're keen on stunning kites and cunning stunts, buy a cunning stunning stunt kite.
122
Two tiny tigers take two taxis to town.
123
Sounding by sound is a sound method of sounding sounds.
by Pierre Abbat
124
Willie's really weary.
125
Yally Bally had a jolly golliwog. Feeling folly, Yally Bally Bought his jolly golli' a dollie made of holly! The
golli', feeling jolly, named the holly dollie, Polly. So Yally Bally's jolly golli's holly dollie Polly's also jolly!
by Mistah Twistah, Tony Valuch
126
Out in the pasture the nature watcher watches the catcher. While the catcher watches the pitcher who
pitches the balls. Whether the temperature's up or whether the temperature's
down, the nature watcher, the catcher and the pitcher are always around. The pitcher pitches, the
catcher catches and the watcher watches. So whether the temperature's rises or whether the
temperature falls the nature watcher just watches the catcher who's watching the pitcher who's
watching the balls.
by Sharon Johnson
127
Tommy Tucker tried to tie Tammy's Turtles tie.
 128
John, where Peter had had ""had had"", had had ""had""; ""had had"" had had his master's approval.
129
Excited executioner exercising his excising powers excessively.
130
Pail of ale aiding ailing Al's travails.
from India
131
Double bubble gum, bubbles double.
132
If you can't can any candy can, how many candy cans can a candy canner can if he can can candy cans ?
133
Octopus ocular optics. and A cat snaps a rat's paxwax.
by Pierre Abbat
134
This is the sixth zebra snoozing thoroughly.
 PICTURES

Pada bagian ini Anda akan melihat beberapa gambar dalam soal dan mendengarkan empat pertanyaan
pendek selanjutnya Anda akan diminta untuk menjawab pernyataan yang paling tepat untuk
menjelaskan gambar tersebut.

A. Strategi Menebak Foto Orang atau Benda

1. Pastikan Anda tahu tipe pertanyaan

a. Subjects - Questions, Wh- How questions dan Yes- No questions.
b. Jawaban pertanyaan itu sesuai dengan pertanyaannya.

2. Pada jenis soal menebak orang atau benda, maka perhatikan setiap detail yang ada dalam setiap
gambar.

3. Apabila gambar berupa gambar orang, maka strateginya seperti berikut:

a. Mereka sedang mengerjakan apa? What are they doing?
b. Mereka ada dimana? Where are they?
c. Mereka siapa? Who are they?
d. Ciri- ciri orangnya? What are the characteristics of the people?
e. Apa yang sedang terjadi? What's happening?

4. Dan apabila berupa gambar benda, maka:

a. Itu gambar apa? What picture is it?
b. Dimanakah objek tersebut? Where is it?
c. Bagaimana situasinya? How is it?
d. Terbuat dari apa benda tersebut? What is it made?
 MONOLOG

Dalam bagian ini, Anda akan mendengar monolog dan kemudian mendapat pertanyaan tentang hal
itu. Yang harus Anda lakukan kurang lebih sama sebagaimana dalam bagian sebelumnya, tetapi Anda
perlu lebih hati-hati dalam menyimak detail information dan memperhatikan konteks. Cobalah untuk
membaca pertanyaan-pertanyaan sebelum monolog diperdengarkan.
Dalam bagian ini akan disajikan beberapa short talk atau monolog (pembicaraan pendek) secara
monolog. Setiap short talk diikuti dua atau tiga pertanyaan yang berhubungan dengan apa yang Anda
dengar. Short talk atau monolog ini dapat berupa advertisment (iklan), announcement (pengumuman),
telepon massage, briffing di tempat kerja dan sebagainya.

A. Taktik untuk mengerjakan soal pada bagian ini

1. Ketika dibacakan “direction“, maka Anda harus sudah membaca dan mencermati pertanyaan soal
soal yang bersangkutan dengan short talk tersebut dan keempat pilihan jawabannya, sehingga
ketika dibacakan monolog Anda sudah punya modal pemahaman terhadap apa yang akan
ditanyakan.
2. Setiap monolog akan dibacakan dua kali, usahakan Anda dapat menjawab pada saat monolog
selesai dibaca yang pertama, sehingga ketika monolog dibaca untuk yang kedua kalinya, Anda bisa
membaca pertanyaan soal untuk monolog berikutnya beserta keempat pilihan jawabannya. Begitu
seterusnya.
3. Tentukan kata tanya yang dipakai, apa yang ditanyakan, apakah, what, who, when, why, where,
how, how long dll. Dengan mengetahui apa yang ditanyakan, Anda bisa memfokuskan dalam
mencari informasi dari monolog tersebut.
4. Cobalah untuk membayangkan, setting dari monolog tersebut. Hal ini akan membantu Anda dalam
membuat suatu analisa mengenai siapa yang sedang berbicara, di mana monolog itu dibacakan,
untuk siapa monolog itu ditujukan dan untuk keperluan apa.
 ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION

Analytical Exposition adalah salah satu bentuk argumentation text. “Analytical exposition is a text that
elaborates the writer‘s idea about the phenomenon surrounding”. Jika diterjemahkan dalam bahasa
Indonesia yang dimaksud dengan analytical exposition text adalah sebuah teks atau tulisan yang
memaparkan pendapat penulis tentang fenomena yang sedang terjadi di sekitar kita.

Tujuan komunikatif dari analytical exposition adalah untuk meyakinkan pembaca bahwa topik yang
disajikan adalah topik yang penting untuk dibahas atau mendapat perhatian dengan cara pemberian
argumen-argumen atau pendapat-pendapat yang mendukung ide pokok atau topik tersebut. Sehingga
pembaca dapat mengikuti saran atau ide yang dibuat oleh si penlis

A. Ciri Umum

1. Tujuan Komunikatif Teks:

Memaparkan dan mempengaruhi audience (pendengar atau pembaca) bahwa ada masalah yang
tentunya perlu mendapat perhatian.

2. Struktur Teks:
a. Pernyataan pendapat;(Thesis)
b. Argumen, terdiri atas “point” yang dikemukakan dan “elaborasi”;
c. Penguatan pernyataan.(Reiteration)

3. Ciri Kebahasaan:
Menggunakan:
a. General nouns, misalnya car, pollution, leaded petrol car, dsb.
b. Abstract nouns, misalnya policy, government, dsb.
c. Technical verbs, misalnya species of animals, dsb.
d. Relating verbs, misalnya It is important, dsb.
e. Action verbs, misalnya She must save, dsb.
f. Thinking verbs, misalnya Many people believe, dsb
g. Modal verbs, misalnya we must preserve, dsb.
h. Modal adverbs, misalnya certainly, we, dsb.
i. Connectives, misalnya firstly, secondly,dsb.
j. Bahasa evaluatif, misalnya important, valuable, trustworthy, dsb.
k. Kalimat pasif
 B. Contoh dan Struktur Teks:

Cars should be banned in the city

Pernyataan Cars should be banned in the city. As we all know, cars create pollution, and
pendapat cause a lot of road deaths and other accidents.
Firstly, cars, as we all know, contribute to most of the pollution in the world.
Argumentasi Cars emit a deadly gas that causes illnesses such as bronchitis, lung cancer,
and ‘triggers’ off asthma. Some of these illnesses are so bad that people can
die from them.
Secondly, the city is very busy. Pedestrians wander everywhere and cars
commonly hit pedestrians in the city, which causes them to die. Cars today are
Penguatan our roads biggest killers.
pernyataan Thirdly, cars are very noisy. If you live in the city, you may find it hard to sleep
at night, or concentrate on your homework, and especially talk to someone.
In conclusion, cars should be banned from the city for the reasons listed.
 ANNOUNCEMENT

A written or spoken statement that tells people about something: public or formal words that announce
something.
Announcement adalah pernyataan tertulis atau bersifat tulisan bertujuan untuk memberitahukan
seseorang dengan gaya baya yang singkat dan mudah dipahami oleh yang membacanya dan
mendengarkannya. Struktur penyusunan announcement terdiri atas judul dan penjelasan.
 DESCRIPTIVE TEXT

A. Pengertian

Teks Deskriptif adalah teks yang mendiskripsikan, menggambarkan, atau menguraikan tentang sesuatu,
misalnya benda, orang ataupun tempat tertentu. Uraian teks ini biasanya meliputi karakteristik, jenis,
bentuk, fungsi dan hal-hal terperinci tentang “sesuatu” tersebut. Tujuan komunikasi —> To describe ....
menggambarkan .…

B. Ciri Kebahasan Descriptive Text

1. Descriptive Text menggunakan Present Tense.

2. Descriptive Text menggunakan berbagai macam Adjectives (kata sifat) yang
bersifat Describing(mengambarkan), Numbering (Menomerkan),
dan Classifying (mengklasifikasikan), misalnya: two strong legs, sharp white fangs, etc.
3. Descriptive Text menggunakan Relating Verbs untuk memberikan informasi tentang subjek,
misalnya:my mum is realy cool. It has very thick fur, etc.
4. Descriptive Text menggunakan Thinking Verbs (kata kerja berfikir, seperti belive, think, etc.)
danFeeling Verbs (kata kerja perasa, seperti feel) untuk mengungkapkan pandangan pribadi
penulis tentang subjek, misalnya: police believe the suspect is armed. I think it is a clever animal,
etc.
5. Descriptive Text juga menggunakan Adverbs (kata keterangan) untuk memberikan informasi
tambahan mengenai perilaku atau sifat (Adjective) yang dijelaskan, misalnya: it is extremely high.
It runs definitely past, etc.
 DISCUSSION

Sebuah teks yang meyampaikan sebuah problematika yang perlu dibahas, sehingga di dalam teks ini
menyajikan pro dan kontra sebuah pendapat yang dibahas.

A. Ciri Umum

1. Tujuan Komunikatif Teks

Mengetengahkan suatu masalah (isu) yang ditinjau paling tidak dari 2 (dua) sudut pandang,
sebelum sampai pada suatu kesimpulan atau rekomendasi.

2. Struktur Teks
a. Isu;(statement of issue and Preview)
b. Pendapat yang mendukung:
c. Gagasan Pokok 1,
d. Elaborasi (uraian),
e. Gagasan Pokok 2,
f. Elaborasi (uraian).
g. Pendapat yang menentang:(Statement of various viewpoints)
1) Gagasan Pokok,
2) Elaborasi (uraian),
h. Kesimpulan.(conclusion or recomendation)

B. Ciri Kebahasaan

Menggunakan:
a. general nouns untuk menyatakan kategori, misalnya uniforms, alcohol, dsb,
b. relating verbs untuk memberi informasi tentang isu yang didiskusikan, misalnya smoking is
harmful, dsb.
c. thinking verbs untuk mengungkapkan pandangan pribadi penulis, misalnya feel, believe,
hope, dsb.
d. additives, contrastives dan causal connectives untuk menghubungkan argumen, misalnya
similarly, on the hand, however, dsb.
e. detailed noun groups untuk memberikan informasi secara padu, misalnya the dumping of
unwanted kittens, dsb.
f. modalities, seperti perhaps, must, should, should have been, could be, dsb.
g. adverbials of maner, misalnya deliberately, hopefully, dsb.
 C. Contoh dan Struktur Teks

Homework
Isu I have been wondering if homework is necessary.
Pendapat I think we should have homework because it helps us to learn and revise our
yang work.
mendukung Homework helps people who aren’t very smart to remember what they have
learned. Homework is really good because it helps with our education.
Pendapat But, many times, doing homework is not a great idea. I think we shouldn’t
yang have homework because I like to go out after school to a restaurant or the
menentang movies. Sometimes homework is boring and not important.
I think homework is bad because I like to play and discuss things with my
family.
 INVITATION

A. Pengertian

Invitation is a spoken or written request to somebody to do something or to go somewhere.

Invitation (undangan) merupakan suatu permintaan baik berupa ucapan atau tertulis kepada
seseorang untuk melakukan Sesutu atau pergi ke suatu tempat.

B. Tujuan

The purpose of Invitation is to invite or persuade someone to be attend at certain events.

Tujuannya cukup jelas yaitu mengajak atau mengundang seseorang untuk hadir dalam suatu
acara tertentu.

C. Generic Structure of Invitation Card

Dalam membuat Invitation card ada beberapa hal yang harus kita perhatikan yaitu sebagai
berikut:
1. Invitee
Pada bagian ini merupakan perihal siapa yang akan diundang.

2. Body of invitation
Bagian isi undangan biasanya mencakup beberapa berikut ini
a. Occasion: Undangan ini dibuat untuk acara apa
b. Day or Date: Hari dan tanggal
c. Time: Waktu yang ditetapkan
d. Place: Tempat yang diharapkan kehadirannya para undangan

3. Inviter
Ini merupakan bagian dimana kita akan tahu siapa yang mengundang.
 NARRATIVE TEXT

Teks yang bersifat narasi, memiliki beberapa karakter dan di dalam cerita tersebut ada konfilik antar
karakter cerita sehingga setelah membaca cerita tersebut kita bisa menyimpulkan isinya sesuai pembaca
masing masing.
Narrative text adalah teks yang berisi tentang sebuah cerita atau dongeng (bisa berupa cerita rakyat
(folktale), cerita binatang (fable), legenda (legend), cerita pendek, dll). Di dalamnya terdapat
konflik/puncak masalah yang diikuti dengan penyelesaian. Fungsi utama teks ini adalah untuk
menghibur pembaca.
1. Generic Structure
Orientation – Complication – Evaluation (optional) – Resolution

2. Orientation
berisi pengenalan tokoh, tempat dan waktu terjadinya cerita (siapa atau apa, kapan, dan dimana)

3. Complication
Berisi puncak masalah/konflik dalam cerita. Sebuah cerita boleh memiliki complication lebih dari
satu

4. Evaluation
ini merupakan optional (boleh ada boleh tidak), biasanya dipakai untuk membuat jalan cerita
lebih menarik.

5. Resolution
Pemecahan masalah. Bisa berakhir dengan kegembiraan (happy ending) bisa pula berakhir
dengan kesedihan (sad ending).
 NEWS ITEM

Teks yang menginformasikan kepada para pembaca tentang beberapa peristiwa pada hari itu. Beberapa
peristiwa itu menjadi berita yang berharga atau penting bagi pembaca atau penyedia berita.

A. Ciri Umum

1. Tujuan Komunikatif Teks

Memberitakan kepada pembaca, pendengar atau penonton tentang peristiwa-peristiwa atau
kejadian-kejadian yang dipandang penting atau layak diberitakan.

2. Struktur Teks
a. Kejadian inti; (Newsworthy events)
b. Latar belakang: elaborasi kejadian, orang yang terlibat, tempat kejadian dsb. (Background
Events)
c. Sumber informasi: komentar saksi kejadian, pendapat para ahli, dsb.(sources)

B. Ciri Kebahasaan

1. Informasi singkat tertuang dalam headline

2. Menggunakan action verbs
3. Menggunakan saying verbs, misalnya say, tell, dsb.
4. Menggunakan kata keterangan, misalnya badly injured, the most beautiful bride in the world,
dsb.
 C. Contoh dan Struktur Teks

Town ‘Contaminated
Kejadian Inti Moscow – A Russian journalist has uncovered evidence of another Soviet
nuclear catastrophe, which killed 10 sailors and contaminated an entire
town.

Latar belakang: Yelena Vazrshavskya is the first journalist to speak to people who
elaborasi witnessed the explosion of a nuclear submarine at the naval base of
shkotovo – 22 near Vladivostock.
The accident, which occurred 13 months before the Chernobyl disaster,
spread radioactive fall-out over the base and nearby town, but was
covered up by officials of the Soviet Union. Residents were told the
explosion in the reactor of the Victor-class submarine during a refit had
been a ‘thermal’ and not a nuclear explosion. And those involved in the
clean up operation to remove more than 600 tones of contaminated
material were sworn to secrecy.

Sumber Informasi A board of investigators was later to describe it as the worst accident in
the history of the Soviet Navy.
 PROCEDURE

A. Pengertian

Text Procedure merupakan teks yang menjelaskan cara melakukan atau membuat sesuatu melalui
serangkaian tindakan atau langkah. Langkah-langkah tersebut harus dilakukan secara runtut agar
hasilnya sesuai dengan yang dikehendaki. Text procedure dapat berupa cara membuat ataupun
menggunakan sesuatu, seperti manual (petunjuk pemakaian ponsel, petunjuk pemasangan mesin
cetak), resep makanan, langkah kerja percobaan/eksperimen, dan tutorials.

B. Struktur text procedure

1. Aim/Goal: mengemukakan/memperkenalkan sesuatu yang akan dibuat atau dilakukan. Biasanya

muncul dalam teks sebagai judul.
2. Ingredients/Materials: memaparkan bahan-bahan atau material yang dibutuhkan. Bagian ini
tidak harus ada dalam text procedure.
3. Steps/Methods: mencamtumkan langkah-langkah dalam membuat atau melakukan sesuatu
secara runtut.

C. Ciri-ciri kebahasan text procedure

1. Menggunakan simple present tense, sering dalam bentuk kalimat perintah (imperative).
2. Menggunakan kata hubung temporal (first, then, next, finally) atau penomoran untuk
menunjukkan urutan.
3. Menggunakan proses material.
 RECOUNT TEXT

A. Pengertian

Teks Recount adalah salah satu dari jenis teks bahasa Inggris yang menceritakan kembali
kejadian-kejadian atau pengalaman-pengalaman di masa lampau.Tujuan dari teks recount adalah
untuk memberikan informasi atau untuk menghibur pembaca. Di dalam teks recount tidak
terdapat komplikasi (complication) seperti halnya di teks narrative.

B. Tujuan Komunikatif Recount text

Tujuan komunikatif teks recount adalah to tell the past event, to retell past events, to tell past
experience,to tell the biography of someone.yakni melaporkan pengalaman (experience )
tentang peristiwa, kejadian atau kegiatan di masa lampau untuk memberitakan( to inform).

C. Ciri Kebahasaan Recount Text

Terdapat beberapa ciri kebahasaan yang mungkin akan ditemukan dalam sebuah Recount Text.
Ciri-ciri kebahasaan dari Recount Text tersebut adalah:
1. Menggunakan Past Tense. Misalkan we went to zoo. I was happy, etc.
2. Menggunakan Conjunction dan Time Connectives untuk mengurutkan peristiwa atau
kejadian. Misalnya and, but, the, aftar that, etc.
3. Menggunakan Adverbs dan Adverbial Phrase untuk mengungkapkan tempat, waktu dan
cara. Misalkan yesterday, at my house, slowly, etc.
4. Menggunakan Action Verbs. Misalkan went, slept, run, brought, etc.
 REPORT TEXT

A. Pengertian

Jenis teks yang memberitahukan hasil dari investigasi sesuatu atau mengumumkannya.
Report merupakan teks yang isinya menggambarkan sesuatu secara apa adanya sebagai hasil
pengamatan sistematis atau analisis. Oleh karena itu sebelum Anda menulis teks Report, Anda
harus melakukan pengamatan sistematis. Yang Anda deskripsikan bisa meliputi gejala alam,
lingkungan, benda buatan manusia, atau gejala- gejala sosial. Deskripsi sebuah teks report dapat
berupa simpulan umum misalnya tentang rumah sederhana dengan mendekripsikan ciri-ciri
subyek tersebut sehingga layak dikategorikan rumah sederhana, dsb.

B. Tujuan Komunikatif Report

Menyampaikan informasi tentang sesuatu, apa adanya, sebagai hasil pengamatan sistematis
atau analisis. Yang dideskripsikan dapat meliputi gajala alam, lingkungan, benda buatan manusia,
atau gejala- gejala sosial.

C. Generic Structure

1. General Classification – Description.

2. Tenses yang digunakan adalah Present Tense.

D. Ciri Kebahasaan

1. General nouns, seperti ‘Mammals in Comodo Insland’.

2. Relating verbs untuk menjelaskan ciri, misalnya reptiles are scaly animals (ciri ini berlaku
untuk semua reptilia).
3. Action verbs dalam mejelaskan perilaku, misalnya Ant cannot fly.
4. Present tense untuk menyatakan suatu yang umum, misalnya Elephant usually weight more
than 260 kg.
5. Istilah teknis, misalnya water contains oxygen and hydrogen. paragraf dengan topik sentence
untuk menyusun sejumlah informasi.