M.

Qasim Physics 16

Experiment

Make a circuit of full wave rectification by using diode and

verify it on oscilloscope

Rectification

The conversion of Alternating Current (AC) is convert into a Direct Current (DC) is
called retification.The circuit which can perform the process of retication is called
a rectifier.The diode acts as a rectifier because one way condition property of
diode that current flows during forward bias and does not flow in reverse bias.

Types
They are of 2 types

 Half wave rectifier

  Full wave rectifier

Diagram

Apparatus

 Oscilloscope
 Full Wave Rectifier
 Simple connector
 Diodes
 Regulated Power supply
 Transformer

Circuit Diagram
Explanation

The conversion of ac signal into unidirectional dc signal in such a way that rectifier
converts whole of input waveform to one of constant polarity ( positive or
negative ) output is called full wave rectification. The full wave rectifier circuit is
used in most rectifier applications because of the advantages it offers.Full wave
rectifiers have some fundamental advantages over their half wave rectifier
counterparts. The average (DC) output voltage is higher than for half wave, the
output of the full wave rectifier has much less ripple than that of the half wave
rectifier producing a smoother output waveform.The full wave rectification can
be performed by two types of rectifier circuits which are

 Centre tapped full wave rectifier

 Bridge circuit full wave rectifier

Centre tapped full wave rectifier

Diagram

Positve cycle
We apply an AC voltage to the input transformer. During the positive half-cycle of
the AC voltage, terminal 1 will be positive and terminal 2 will be negative
potential. This will lead to forward bias in diode D1 and cause current to flow
through it. During this time, diode D2 is in reverse bias and will block current
through it.

D2 acts as a open circuit.

Negative cycle
During the negative half-cycle of the input AC voltage, terminal 2 will become
positive with relative to terminal 2 and centre-tap. This will lead to forward bias in
diode D2 and cause current to flow through it. During this time, diode D1 is in
reverse bias and will block current through it.

D1 acts as a open circuit.

Output waveforms
Bridge circuit full wave rectifier
A diagram of the basic bridge rectifier circuit is shown below. The circuit has the
advantage over the full wave rectifier using a centre tapped transformer that
there is no centre tapped transformer requirement and that the both halves of
the cycle are used in the winding.

 4 diodes ( D1, D2, D3, D4 )

The four diodes D1, D2, D3, D4 are arranged in series with only two diodes allowing
electric current during each half cycle. For example, diodes D1 and D3 are
considered as one pair and diodes D2 and D4 are considered as another pair.
  When input AC signal is applied across the bridge rectifier, during the
positive half cycle diodes D1 and D3 are forward biased and allows electric
current
 During the negative half cycle diodes D2 and D4 are forward biased and
allows electric current while diodes D1 and D3 are reverse biased and blocks
electric current.

Output waveform

Traces on Oscilloscope