University Of Mumbai

“A STUDY ON DIGITAL INDIA”

Bachelor of Management Studies

Semester VI

(2018-2019)

Submitted by

PAWANKUMAR SINGH

Cosmopolitans’s
ValiaC.L.College of Commerce &Valia L.C. College of Arts
D.N.Nagar, Andheri (West), Mumbai-400053.

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 University Of Mumbai

“A STUDY ON DIGITAL INDIA”

Bachelor of Management Studies

Semester VI

Submitted
In Partial Fulfilment of the requirements
For the Award of Degree of
Bachelor of Management Studies

By

PAWANKUMAR SINGH

Cosmopolitans’s
ValiaC.L.College of Commerce & Valia L.C. College of Arts
D.N.Nagar, Andheri (West), Mumbai-400053.

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 DECLARATION

I, PAWANKUMAR SINGH the student of T.Y.B.M.S. Semester VI (2018-2019) hereby declare that I have
completed the project on “A STUDY ON DIGITAL INDIA”
”.The information submitted is true and original to the best of my knowledge.

_____________________
(Signature of Student)
RAHUL PUJARI
ROLL NO 46

Cosmopolitans’s
ValiaC.L.College of Commerce &Valia L.C. College of Arts
D.N.Nagar, Andheri (West), Mumbai - 400053.

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 CERTIFICATE

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
To list who all have helped me is difficult because they are so numerous and the depth is so enormous.

I would like to acknowledge the following as being idealistic channels and fresh dimensions in the completion
of this project.

I take this opportunity to thank the University of Mumbai for giving me chance to do this project.

I would like to thank my Principal, Dr. SHOBHA MENON for providing the necessary facilities required for
completion of this project.

I take this opportunity to thank our Chief Co-ordinator PROF. RAJLAXMI NAYAK and our Course Co-
ordinator PROF. SIDDHITA WALAVALKAR, for their moral support and guidance.

I would also like to express my sincere gratitude towards my project guide PROF.VIMARSHINI SANTOSH
whose guidance and care made the project successful.

I would like to thank my College Library, for having provided various reference books and magazines related
to my project.

Lastly, I would like to thank each and every person who directly or indirectly helped me in the completion of
the project especially my Parents and Peers who supported me throughout my project.

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 INDEX

PAGE
SR NO TABLE OF CONTENT
NO

1. INTRODUCTION 7

2. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 42

3. LITERATURE REVIEW 48

DATA ANALYSIS, INTERPRETATION AND

4. 64
PRESENATION

5. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION 74

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 CHAPTER 1 on to
1.1 INTRODUCTION

Shri Narendra Modi gave its approval for Digital India – A programme to transform India into digital
empowered society and knowledge economy. This is a follow up to the key decisions taken on the
design of the programme during the meeting of the Prime Minister on Digital India Programme on
August 7, 2014, and to sensitize all ministries to this vast programme touching every corner of the
government. This programme has been envisaged by Department of Electronics and Information
Technology (Deity.

The programme will be implemented in phases from the current year till 2019. The Digital India is
transformational in nature and would ensure that Indian Government services are available to every
citizen electronically. It would also bring in public accountability through mandated delivery of
government’s services electronically; a Unique ID and e-Pramaan based on authentic and standard
based interoperable and integrated government applications and data basis The source of funding for
most of the e-Governance projects at present is through budgetary provisions of respective
Ministries/ Departments in the Central or State governments. Requirements of funds for individual
projects for Digital India will be worked out by respective Nodal Ministries/ Departments.

Digital India is a Programme to prepare India for a knowledge future. Hon'ble Shri Narender Modi,
Prime Minister of India has laid emphasis on National e- governance plan and has gave its approval
for Digital India – A programme to transform India into digital empowered society and knowledge
economy.

Digital India is an ambitious programme of Government of India projected at Rs 1,1,13,000 crores.

This will going be for preparing the India for the knowledge based transformation and delivering
good governance to citizens by synchronized and coordinated engagement with both Central
Government and State Government.

This programme has been envisaged by Department of Electronics and Information Technology
(Deity) and will impact ministry of communications & IT, ministry of rural development, ministry of
human resource development, ministry of health and others. This programme will also benefit all
states and union territories. The existing/ ongoing e-Governance initiatives would be revamped to
align them with the principles of Digital India. The vision of Digital India is to transform the country

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 into a digitally empowered society and knowledge economy. It would ensure that government
services are available to citizens electronically. It would also bring in public accountability through
mandated delivery of the Indian government’s services electronically.Digital infrastructure will focus
on providing high speed secure Internet. Governance and services on demand will stress on
integrating services across departments and jurisdictions and making services available in real time
for both online and mobile platform.

Digital empowerment of citizens will going to deliver universal digital literacy and availability of
digital resources/services in Indian languages. The programme will be implemented in phases from
2014 till 2018. The source Of funding for most of the e-Governance projects at present is through
budgetary provisions of respective ministries/departments in the central or state
governments.Requirements of funds for individual project(s) for Digital India will be worked out by
respective nodal ministries/departments but according to government estimate it will cost Rs 113,000
crore.

To implement this the government is planning to strengthen National Informatics Center (NIC) by
restructuring it to support all central government departments and state governments. Positions of
chief information officers (CIO) would be created in at least 10 key ministries so that e-Governance
projects could be designed, developed and implemented faster

The year 2014 is a watershed year in the history of the Indian republic. This is significant as the said
year has heralded the beginning of a new era. This is the era of Digital India.The Narendra Modi led
Government of India has come up with a detailed comprehensive vision of India which is digital in
all aspects. The said vi sion is encompassed in the programme entitled “Digital India”.

The Government of India envisages Digital India to be a programme that will

prepare India for a knowledge future.Given the ubiquitous use of technology in various sectors of
human life, the focus of the Digital India programme of Government of India is to make technology
central to enabling change.

The perspective of the programme is transformative in nature in as much as it seeks to relies IT

(Indian Talent) + IT (Information Technology) = IT (India Tomorrow) For the last few decades since
India got its independence, India has been struggling despite its huge capabilities. Never before since
the dawn of Indian independence, has the focus of the Indian Government being on knowledge built
future. Digital India programme seeks to prepare India for a knowledge future economy.

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 This programme ‘Digital India’ further seeks to be an umbrella programme which will cover many
departments of the Government of India. The focus of the programme is that it brings together a large
number of ideas and thoughts into a single, comprehensive vision so that each of them is seen as part
of a larger goal.Digital India programme is coordinated in India by the Department of Electronics &
Information Technology, Ministry of Communications & Information Technology, Government of
India and is implemented by the entire Government.

Right from the day of assuming power, Digital India and Make in India have been two big USPs of
taken with the launch of MyGov.in portal. Narendra Modi launched his mobile app to connect further
with the netizens. Over the last one year, several initiatives have been taken for introduction of
Information Technology to empower people in areas relating to health, education, labor and
employment, commerce etc. Digital India Week has been launched with an aim to impart
knowledge to people and to empower themselves through the Digital India Programme of
Government of India.

Digital India comprises of various initiatives under the single programme each targeted to prepare
India for becoming a knowledge economy and for bringing good governance to every citizens
through synchronized and co-ordinated engagement of the entire Government.

This programme has been envisaged and coordinated by the Department of Electronics and
Information Technology (Deity) in collaboration with various Central Ministries/Departments and
State Governments. The Prime Minister as the Chairman of Monitoring Committee on Digital India,
activities under the Digital India initiative is being carefully monitored. All the existing and ongoing
e-Governance initiatives have which been revamped to align them with the principles of Digital
India.

Digital India is a programme to transform India into digital empowered society and knowledge
economy. The Digital India is transformational in nature and would ensure that the Government
services are available to every citizens electronically. It would also bring in public accountability
through mandated delivery of government’s services electronically, a Unique ID and e-Pramaan
based on the authentic and the standard based interoperable and integrated government applications
and data basis. The programme will be implemented in phases from the current year till 2018.

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 Digital India is an initiative of Government of India to integrate the government departments and the
people of India. It aims at ensuring that the government services are made available to citizens
electronically by reducing paperwork. The initiative also includes plan to connect rural areas with
high-speed internet networks.

Digital India has three core components. These include:

 The creation of digital infrastructure
 Delivering services digitally
 Digital literacy

The information is taken by the official website of Digital India project. According to the team, the
project is slated for completion by 2019. A two-way platform will be created where both the service
providers and the consumers stand to benefit. The scheme will be monitored and controlled by the
Digital India Advisory group which will be chaired by the Ministry of Communications and IT. It
will be an interministerial initiative where all ministries and departments shall offer their own
services to the public Healthcare, Education, Judicial services etc.

1.2 HISTORICAL BACKROUND OF DIGITAL INDIA

Digital India was launched by the Prime Minister of India Narendra Modi on 1 July 2015 with an
objective of connecting rural areas with high-speed Internet networks and improving digital literacy.
The vision of Digital India programme is inclusive growth in areas of electronic services, products,
manufacturing and job opportunities. It is centred on three key areas – digital infrastructure as a
utility to every citizen, governance and services on demand, and digital empowerment of citizens.

Since its inception, mankind has evolved on a huge scale. From communication to governance, every
single element has witnessed noticeable advancement. A lot has been said about e-governance in
recent years, and the latest ‘Digital India’ initiative by the Indian government seems to have initiated
this very notion. The official website summarizes the concept as follows: “Digital India is a flagship
programme of the Government of India with a vision to transform India into a digitally empowered
society and knowledge economy.”

India has been a constant mess when we consider its governance. Ways and methods used for
governance have not advanced with time and act as dead weight on the march to progress. Corruption
and unreliability are crippling governance on a daily basis. A clear need for governance was seen,

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 which could be reliable, transparent and upgraded as per modern technology. An E-governance plan
was initiated in 2006 by the UPA government, trying to connect government services to the public
via telecom services. This did not meet expectations, and was soon let go of. Carrying the idea, if not
the implementation, onwards, Pm Narendra Modi launched the Digital India programme in
September 2015. His trying to regain people’s confidence in reliable governance, and the progress
in this direction till now cannot go unseen.

The major objective of Digital India is to equip rural areas of the country with paramount digital
infrastructure, digital delivery of services, and digital literacy. The responsibility of handling the
working of the project has been delegated to the Digital India Advisory group, chaired by the
Ministry of Communications and IT. Services relevant to Healthcare, Education and Judicial services
are all subsets of the assignment.

Additional support was acquired by the campaign after the Prime Minister’s recent visit to Silicon
Valley. “We must ensure that technology is accessible, affordable, and adds value.” he said at a
conference. Microsoft’s Satya Nadella, Google’s Sundar Pichai and Facebook’s Mark Zuckerberg
were few amongst those big names who emphasized on the scheme’ importance.

After plans like ‘Make In India’ and ‘Swachh Bharat Abhiyan’, the ‘Digital India’ initiative is
another prioritized projectadministered by the Modi government and has also been recognized,
globally. Its goal to digitally connect the nation’s population is unquestionably appealing and
definitely qualifies as another step forward towards a developed India.

1.4 PROFILE OF DIGITAL INDIA

The journey of e-Governance initiatives in India took a broader dimension in mid 90s for wider
sectoral applications with emphasis on citizen-centric services. Later on, many States/UTs started
various e-Governance projects. Though these e-Governance projects were citizen-centric, they could
make lesser than the desired impact. Government of India launched National e-Governance Plan
(NeGP) in 2006. 31 Mission Mode Projects covering various domains were initiated. Despite the
successful implementation of many e-Governance projects across the country, e-Governance as a
whole has not been able to make the desired impact and fulfil all its objectives.

It has been felt that a lot more thrust is required to ensure e-Governance in the country promote
inclusive growth that covers electronic services, products, devices and job opportunities. Moreover,
electronic manufacturing in the country needs to be strengthened. In order to transform the entire
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 ecosystem of public services through the use of information technology, the Government of India has
launched the Digital India programme with the vision to transform India into a digitally
empowered society and knowledge economy.

1.4 DEFINITION OF RELATED ASPECTS

Digitization: Digitization is the process of converting information into a digital format . In this
format, information is organized into discrete units of data (called bit s) that can be separately
addressed (usually in multiple-bit groups called byte s). This is the binary data that computers and
many devices with computing capacity (such as digital camera s and digital hearing aid s) can
process.Text and images can be digitized similarly:

DIGI LOCKER: The service was launched as an important facility to store crucial documents like
Voter ID Card, Pan Card, BPL Card, Driving License, education certificates, etc. in the cloud

MYGOV.IN: MyGov.in is a platform to share inputs and ideas on matters of policy and governance.
It is a platform for citizen engagement in governance, through a "Discuss", "Do" and "Disseminate"
approach

ESIGN FRAMEWORK: This initiative would enable users to digitally sign a document online
using Aadhaar authentication.

SWACH BHARAT MISSION MOBILE APP: The app will enable organizations and citizens to
access information regarding the cleanliness drive and achieve the goals of the mission.

EHOSPITAL: Online registration System under this initiative enables people to avail services like online
registration, payment of fees and appointment, online diagnostic reports, checking on the availability of blood
online, etc

DIGITIZE INDIA PLATFORM: Ihis initiative will involve digitization of data and records on a large scale
in the country to make easy and quick access possible

BHARAT NET: Under this initiative, a high-speed digital highway will connect all 250,000 gram panchayats
of the country. This is the world’s largest rural broadband project using optical fibre.

WI-FI HOTSPOTS: Development of high speed BSNL wi-fi hotspots throughout the country is yet another
initiative to improve digital connectivity in the country

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 1.5CHARACTERISTICS OF DIGITAL INDIA

1. Broadband Highways:

This covers three sub components, namely Broadband for all Rural, Broadband for all Urban and
National Information Infrastructure. Under Broadband for all Rural, 250 thousand village Panchayats
would be covered by December, 2016. DoT will be the Nodal Department and the project cost is
estimated to be approximately Rs. 32,000 Crores. Under Broadband for all Urban, Virtual Network
Operators would be leveraged for service delivery and communication infrastructure in new urban
development and buildings would be mandated. National Information Infrastructure would integrate
the networks like SWAN, NKN and NOFN along with cloud enabled National and State Data
Centres. It will also have provision for horizontal connectivity
to 100, 50, 20 and 5 government offices/ service outlets at state, district, block and panchayat levels
respectively.

2. Universal Access to Mobile Connectivity:

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 The initiative is to focus on network penetration and fill the gaps in connectivity in the country. All
together 42,300 uncovered villages in India will be covered for providing universal mobile
connectivity in the country. DoT will be the nodal department and project cost will be around Rs
16,000 Cr during FY 2014-18.

2. Public Internet Access Programme:

The two sub components of the Public Internet Access Programme are Common Service Centres and
Post Offices as multi-service centres. Common Service Centres would be strengthened and its
number would be increased from approximately 135,000 operational at present to 250,000 i.e. one
CSC in each Gram Panchayat.CSCs would be made viable, multi-functional end-points for delivery
of government and business services. DeitY would be the nodal department to implement the
scheme. A total of 150,000 Post Offices are proposed to be converted into multi service centres.
Department of Posts would be the nodal department to implement this scheme.

4. e-Governance: Reforming Government through

Technology:

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 Government Business Process Re-engineering using IT to improve transactions is the most critical
for transformation across government and therefore needs to be implemented by all ministries/
departments. The guiding principles for reforming government through technology. Form
simplification and field reduction, forms should be made simple and user friendly and only minimum
and necessary information should be collected.

Online applications, tracking of their status and interface between departments should be provided.
Use of online repositories e.g.school certificates, voter ID cards, etc. should be mandated so that
citizens are not required to submit these documents in physical form. Integration of services and
platforms, For example UIDAI, Payment Gateway, Mobile Platform, Electronic Data Interchange
(EDI) etc. should be mandated to facilitate integrated and interoperable service delivery to citizens
and businesses. Workflow Automation Inside Government

The workflow inside government departments and agencies should be automated to enable efficient
government processes and also to allow visibility of these processes to the citizens. Public Grievance
Redressal, IT should be used to automate, respond and analyze data to identify and resolve persistent
problems. These would be largely process improvements.

5. e-Kranti - Electronic Delivery of Services:

There are 31 Mission Mode Projects under different stages of e-governance project lifecycle. Further,
10 new MMPs have been added to the e-Kranti by the Apex Committee on National e-Governance
Plan (NeGP) headed by the Cabinet Secretary in its meeting held on 18th March 2014.

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 Technology for Education – e-Education- All Schools will be connected with broadband. Free wife
will be provided in all secondary and higher secondary schools (coverage would be around 250,000
schools). A programme on digital literacy would be taken up at the national level.MOOCs (Massive
Online Open Courses shall be developed and leveraged for e- Education.) Technology for Health –
e-Healthcare- E-Healthcare would cover online medical consultation, online medical records, online
medicine supply, pan-India exchange for patient information. Pilots shall be undertaken in 2015 and
full coverage would be provided in 3 years.Technology for Farmers-

This would facilitate farmers to get real time price information, online ordering of inputs and online
cash, loan and relief payment with mobile banking. Technology for Security-
Mobile based emergency services and disaster related services would be provided to citizens on real
time basis so as to take precautionary measures well in time and minimize loss of lives and
properties.

Technology for Financial Inclusion- Financial Inclusion shall be strengthened using Mobile Banking,
Micro-ATM program and CSCs/ Post Offices. Technology for Justice-Interoperable Criminal Justice
System shall be strengthened by leveraging e-Courts, e-Police, e-Jails and e-Prosecution.

Technology for Planning- National GIS Mission Mode Project would be implemented to facilitate
GIS based decision making for project planning, conceptualization, design and development.
Technology for Cyber Security- National Cyber Security Co-ordination Center would be set up to
ensure safe and secure cyber-space within the country.

6. Information for All:

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 Open Data platform and online hosting of information & documents would facilitate open and easy
access to information for citizens. Government shall pro-actively engage through social media and
web based platforms to inform citizens. MyGov.in has already been launched as a medium to
exchange ideas/ suggestions with Government. It will facilitate 2-way communication between
citizens and government.Online messaging to citizens on special occasions/programs would be
facilitated through emails and SMSes. The above would largely utilize existing infrastructure and
would need limited additional resources.

7. Electronics Manufacturing:

 Target NET ZERO Imports is a striking demonstration of intent.

 This ambitious goal requires coordinated action on many fronts.
 Taxation, incentives.
 Economies of scale, eliminate cost disadvantages
 Focus areas – Big Ticket Items FABS, Fab-less design, Set top boxes,
VSATs, Mobiles, Consumer & Medical Electronics, Smart Energy
Smart cards, micro-ATMs.
 Incubators, clusters.
 Skill development.
 Government procurement.
 There are many ongoing programs which will be fine-tuned.
 Existing structures are inadequate to handle this goal and need strengthening

8. IT for Jobs:

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  1 Cr students from smaller towns & villages will be trained for IT sector jobsover 5 years.
DeitY would be the nodal department for this scheme.
 BPOs would be set up in every north-eastern state to facilitate ICT enabled growth in these
states. DeitY would be the nodal department for this scheme.
 lakhs service delivery agents would be trained as part of skill development to run viable
businesses delivering IT services. DeitY would be the nodal department for this scheme.
 5 lakhs rural workforce would be trained by the Telecom Service Providers (TSPs) to cater
to their own needs. Department of Telecom (DoT) would be the nodal department for this
scheme.

9. Early Harvest Programmes:

IT Platform for Messages-

A Mass Messaging Application has been developed by DeitY that will cover elected representatives
and all Government employees. 1.36 Crores mobiles and 22 Lakhs emails are part of the database.
Government Greetings to be e-Greetings- Basket of e-Greetings templates have been made available
now. Crowd sourcing of e-Greetings through MyGov platform has been ensured. E-Greetings portal
has been made live on 14th August 2014.

Biometric attendance-It will cover all Central Govt. Offices in Delhi and is already operational in Dei
tY and has been initiated in the Department of Urban Development. On-boarding has also started in
other departments.

Wi-Fi in All Universities- All universities on the National Knowledge Network (NKN) shall be
covered under this scheme. Ministry of HRD is the nodal ministry for implementing this
scheme.Secure Email within Government-Email would be the primary mode of communication.
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 1.6 ACHEIVEMENTS OF DIGITAL INDIA

The ambitious ‘Digital India’ program was started with the basic idea of empowering the poor and
the underprivileged. In the right direction revival of MTNL and BSNL is certainly a big step. Digital
India program has exceeded all expectations and impact of the Department of Telecommunications is
the perfect example in the lives of the common man. Digital India has certainly helped in increasing
the awareness level about internet and employment in rural areas of the country. Majority of Indians
live in rural areas and therefore the initiative will serve as a backbone for transforming India into a
digitally empowered knowledge economy, by ensuring internet service to one and all.

This program will enable citizens to easily access wireless internet, promote the use of digital
platforms, and make e-Services available to people in the effective manner. This innovative idea will
be helpful in bringing down the use of paper and will provide Internet services to the rural areas. This
will ensure the remotest communities of India are included in the digital transformation process.
Information is key to development. Internet and mobile connectivity in all communities will enable
them to elevate their knowledge level, awareness level and finally socio-economic status.

It will also ensure the easy access of various services offered by Government & private sectors in the
paper-less environment and fair and speedy delivery mode to save time and money of the citizens of
the country. Central government has decided to provide the benefits of the 'Digital India' program to
the country's farmers, for which a virtual platform of a national agricultural market is in the process
in addition to the idea of connecting 550 farmer markets in the country through the use of
technology.

The 'Digital India' initiative would also help the farmers by giving them access to information on the
best price offered for farm produce on their mobile phones in an instant. On being transformative, the
idea is to realize IT (Indian Talent) + IT (Information Technology) = IT (India Tomorrow). The
program weaves together a large number of thoughts and ideas into a single, extensive vision, and
making the mission transformative in totality. The Digital India Program will pull together various
existing schemes which would be re-focused, restructured and implemented in a synchronized
manner for their major transformative impact.

According to analysts, the Digital India plan could boost GDP up to $1 trillion by 2025. It can play a
key role in macro-economic factors such as GDP growth, productivity of the workers, growth in

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 number of businesses and employment generation. As per the World Bank report, a 10% increase in
mobile and broadband penetration increases the per capita GDP by 0.81% and 1.38% respectively in
the developing countries. India is the 2nd largest telecom market in the world with 1.16 billion
wireless subscribers and world’s 3rd largest Internet market with almost 259 million broadband
users. There is still a huge economic opportunity in India as the teledensity in rural India is only 45%
where more than 65% of the population lives. Future growth of telecommunication industry in terms
of number of subscribers is expected to come from rural areas as urban areas are saturated with a
tele-density of more than 160%. The digital India project will be helpful in providing real-time
education and partly address the challenge of lack of teachers in education system through smart and
virtual classrooms.

Education to farmers and fishermen can be provided through mobile devices. The high speed
network can provide the adequate infrastructure for online education platforms for example Massive
Open Online Courses. The GST Network, which is in charge of the technological infrastructure for
the Goods and Services Tax i.e. biggest tax reform in India, is ready for translating nearly two billion
invoices into digital formats from July1,2017. Services for example Aadhaar, refers to platforms
designed to move India towards a paperless environment, cashless economy and a queue-less future.

The government is leveraging technologies in mobile, analytics, Internet of Things and cloud
technology to ensure effective implementation of the Digital India program, which is in turn
associated with program such as Smart Cities and Make in India. India has made a few achievements
in e-governance projects such as Digital Locker, ebasta, the linking of Aadhaar to bank accounts to
disburse subsidies.

Bharat Net (erstwhile National Optical Fiber Network), the country’s digital infrastructure, has
created a common service centre for each panchayat.Considering the broadband technology, India is
better placed. According to a report by Akamai (a US-based content delivery and cloud service
provider), India’s average broadband speed is 23.5 Mbps and maximum speed is 25.5Mbps. Top
executives of Tech Companies are in agreement with the vision of Digital India and are willing to
invest resources for the same purpose.

1.7 DIGITAL INDIA CHALLENGES

Many people in rural areas have no Internet connection, and also the content in regional languages is
not sufficient to keep the readers engaged. Only 15% of the households can access the Internet, and
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 few people can access mobile broadband. This scenario is despite the increasing affordability of ICT
environment in the country. According to World Economic Forum (WEF) 2016 report, nearly 33%
of Indian population is functionally illiterate, one-third of youth do not attend secondary education.
There are vast differences in urban centers such as metropolitan cities and remote rural areas, where
an even basic service for example electricity is unavailable to run the Digital India program. India’s
growing economy and digital push have caught the attention of hackers and an increasing wave of
cyber attacks could soon badly impact the country.

India and other South Asian countries are now on the radar of cyber attackers. The government and
corporate world need to procure state-of-the-art, New Age security solutions to thwart their plans. It
is not only a technological question but also deals with the question of privacy and security. The
biggest challenge faced by ‘Digital India’ is the slow and delayed infrastructure development.
Spectrum availability in Indian metros is about a tenth of the same in cities in developed countries

Challenges are in every area right from policy making, changing the work flow up to changing the
mentality of the government officers. It is technological change within the most diversified nation.
Within the government there are various departments which should be integrated. There is an active
involvement of various departments such as telecommunication, justice, finance and planning, health
department etc.Without a smooth teamwork between them, this mission would never be implemented
to its full strength.

For digital technology to be accessible to every citizen, significant efforts are needed to customise
apps and services to cater to local needs. Finding vendors who can provide such applications has
become a challenge. Though there are resources with India but there is a huge capital cost which is to
be invested and the fruits of the investment will be received after few years. Net neutrality is must
and it is important to understand that digital India without net neutrality would be a great blow to
entrepreneurs and citizens of India. India is a diversified country, in terms of language, culture, laws
which vary from states to states. Complete integration, that is integration of technology and language,
is one of the main challenges.

The Centre's ambitious Digital India program is facing multiple challenges in successful
implementation due to lack of clarity in policies and infrastructural bottlenecks, according to a joint
report by AssochamDeloitte. For Digital India to have a large scale impact on citizens across the
nation, the digital divide needs to be addressed, considering the importance of connectivity issue in
remote rural areas, as currently over 55,000 villages remain deprived of mobile connectivity. This is

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 largely due to the fact that providing mobile connectivity in such locations is not commercially viable
for service providers.

1.8 Digital India – A plethora of opportunities for the IT

sector :

Today, we are in the midst of a third industrial revolution powered by digitization, the first two being
driven by steam engine and electricity. Digital transformation is causing massive upheaval across
industries and societies. When it comes to pace of technology advancement, we are firmly in the
second half of the chess board where each subsequent advancement is massively more impactful than
all previous advancements.

For the past four years, we along with MIT Center for Digital Business are studying to understand
digital transformation, its benefits and challenges, and industry leaders globally. We found that
almost no business is sheltered from the competitive disruption wrought by the widespread adoption
of digital technologies.Traditionally, Indian companies have been slow to adopt technology.

However in recent months, companies across sectors are expressing interest in going ‘digital’. This
trend has been further encouraged by the Government’s ‘Digital India’ program. A key area of
investment under this initiative is to improve the government to citizen interface for various service
deliveries.

The government is serious about automated delivery of services and we can see it in the JAM
paradigm – Jan Dhan Yojana for direct benefit transfers based on Aadhaar infrastructure and mobile
interface for banking. The government has saved Rs 13,000 crores in cooking gas subsidies last fiscal
putting technology to use and now proposes to extend technology to delivering MNREGS subsidies.

For technology companies, Digital India opens up a plethora of opportunities such as building the
broadband infrastructure; creating identity solutions, payment systems, web or mobile based delivery
structures and so on. Cybersecurity is another key

area of focus. As commerce and banking go online and mobile, the threat of data leaks and hacks will
only increase. It is imperative that organizations of all sizes invest significantly in securing their
products and services. Healthcare is undergoing its own digital transformation globally, and in a

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 country like India, telemedicine and remote health will likely play a huge role in driving universal
accessibility to quality healthcare. Smart Cities are another big area of opportunity for technology
companies as part of Digital India. Building out the infrastructure, getting various public sector
departments online, providing a bouquet of services to citizens, all hold out significant potential for
technology companies to work closely with the Government. As newer technologies like 3D Printing,
robotics, artificial intelligence come to fore, the Digital India initiative offers a solid platform for
preparing citizens, companies and the country as a whole to be prepared to benefit from them.

Closely tied to the Digital India program is the ‘Make in India’ initiative. For India to transition to a
digital future, it is very imperative that a greater proportion of its consumption is serviced locally.
The initiative can act as a significant push towards doing so. Early results are very positive, given the
recent announcement of a USD 5 billion investment from electronics manufacturing giant Foxconn in
Maharashtra and the new mobile phone assembly plant for Redmi in Sri City, Andhra Pradesh.
However, success of the Digital India will be closely tied to the regulatory framework that
accompanies it.

The Government should ensure that these regulations create an enabling environment where private
players come in, work with one another and create successful ecosystems. The role of the
Government should accordingly be in line with the maxim of the current administration - Minimum
Government, Maximum Governance.

After digital infrastructure, the second priority has to be training. Developing and installing software
for a national digital infrastructure can be done with relatively little labour, but maintenance, repair
and technical support for the hardware and software of digital infrastructure are skills which are
already in short supply, even without extensive coverage. It is not clear that the government’s vision
fully realizes this need, even within the “pillar” of “IT for jobs”, but implementing Digital India will
require both public and private effort for this dimension of skilling.

A related aspect of training is imparting skills in using various kinds of application software,
including more generic examples such as word processing, spreadsheets and presentations, but also
more specialized software for accounting, website design, graphic design and more. The
government’s own documents speak of skilling in the context of the IT or ITeS, but they do not seem
to realize the potential

scope of IT for all aspects of the economy: Even a cloth merchant can use

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 accounting software. Educational content also needs to be available in major Indian languages.
Health applications, information for farmers and financial services, to be truly accessible to the
masses, ought to have local language versions. One can think of this as an aspect of infrastructure,
something that does not matter for a country like the US, but is taken for granted across Europe,
where each country uses its own language. The final aspect of implementing a vision of Digital India
should be digitizing the internal workings of government, not just at the national and state levels, but
all the way down to local governments. This is obviously a huge undertaking, when even basic
aspects of operations such as accrual accounting are absent from sub-national tiers of government.

It is not clear that the existing vision acknowledges the enormity of the implementation task, blithely
listing a wide range of government services to be provided by digital means. As in the case of cyber-
security, the experience ofdeveloped countries is a reminder of the potential difficulties of building
IT systems. If Digital India is to be achieved, there needs to be a clear prioritization of goals. The
most fundamental goal should be to create a robust and secure infrastructure.

The second priority is to make sure that there is enough expertise to maintain this infrastructure.
Third, basic software applications and educational content should be made available in multiple
Indian languages. These three goals are not specific to the workings of government. The fourth
implementation goal should be to digitize the internal operations of government at all levels. This
task alone is an enormous one,even before citizen-facing IT-enabled government services can be
provided. Many of the specific activities and services listed in Digital India documents are
miscellaneous in nature, and of secondary importance.

They illustrate the laundry-list approach to government, which spreads attention and effort in ways
that can prevent almost anything specific or substantial being accomplished. For example, progress
on the national fibre optic network has been pitifully slow. The entire Digital India vision as
publicized is very government-centric, rather than focusing on the wider potential importance of IT
in India’s economy. A truly Digital India will need to be developed in a manner that is quite different
from what is implicit in the government’s current vision. It is not too late to rethink the vision and
create a sensible action plan for implementation.

 Digital India is a Programmeto prepare India for a knowledge future.

 The focus is on being transformative–to realize IT + IT = IT.
 The focus is on making technology central to enabling change.
 It is an Umbrella Programme–covering many departments.
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  It weaves together a large number of ideas and thoughts into a single,
comprehensive vision so that each of them is seen as part of a larger goal.
Each individual element stands on its own. But is also part of the larger
picture.
It is coordinated by DeitY, implemented by the entire government.
The weaving together makes the Mission transformative in totality.

The Programme:
 Pulls together many existing schemes.
 These schemes will be restructured and re-focused.
 They will be implemented in a synchronized manner.
 Many elements are only process improvements with minimal cost.
The common branding of programmesas Digital India highlights their transformative impact. The
Digital India programme is a flagship programme of the Government of India with a vision to
transform India into a digitally empowered society and knowledge economy

The journey of e-Governance initiatives in India took a broader dimension in mid 90s for wider
sectoral applications with emphasis on citizen-centric services. Later on, many States/UTs started
various e-Governance projects. Though these e-Governance projects were citizen-centric, they could
make lesser than the desired impact. Government of India launched National e-Governance Plan
(NeGP) in 2006.

31 Mission Mode Projects covering various domains were initiated. Despite the successful
implementation of many e-Governance projects across the country, e-Governance as a whole has not
been able to make the desired impact and fulfill all its objectives.It has been felt that a lot more thrust
is required to ensure e-Governance in the country promote inclusive growth that covers electronic
services, products, devices and job opportunities. Moreover, electronic manufacturing in the country
needs to be strengthened.

In order to transform the entire ecosystem of public services through the use of
information technology, the Government of India has launched the Digital India programme with the
vision to transform India into a digitally empowered society and knowledge economy.

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 \E-governance initiatives in India took a broader dimension in the mid 1990s for wider sectoral
applications with emphasis on citizen-centric services. The major ICT initiatives of the Government
included, inter alia, some major projects such as railway computerization, land record
computerization, etc. which focused mainly on the development of information systems. Later on,
many states started ambitious individual e-governance projects aimed at providing electronic services
to citizens.

Though these e-governance projects were citizen-centric, they could make less than the desired
impact due to their limited features. The isolated and less interactive systems revealed major gaps
that were thwarting the successful adoption of egovernance along the entire spectrum of governance.
They clearly pointed towards the need for a more comprehensive planning and implementation for
the infrastructure required to be put in place, interoperability issues to be addressed, etc. to establish a
more connected government

Digital India will deliver a real improvement in the quality of life of every citizen. President Barack
Obama's just concluded historic visit to India has laid the foundation for a relationship of hope and
promise between India and the US. Among other areas, i believe this relationship has immense
potential in the field of ICT and digital connectivity. Already 60% of India's IT exports, worth $50
billion, cater to the US market. US companies, many of which already have backend operations in
India, have continually expressed interest in expanding. Digital India, a flagship programme,
conceived within 100 days of the Modi government assuming office, has the potential to propel
digital connectivity to new heights and reinforce Indo-US ties.

What is Digital India? It is an obligation we owe to India and a gift which we must offer to posterity.
It aims to tap and channelise the vast potential of India's fondness for technology, coupled with
soaring aspirations of a young India. Digital India is designed to bridge the divide between the digital
haves and digital havenots, between the poor and the affluent, rural and urban, literate and illiterate,
employed and unemployed, and between the empowered and the disempowered. Digital India
weaves together a large number of ideas and thoughts into a single comprehensive vision.

This vision is centred on three key areas: creation of digital infrastructure, delivery of governance
and services on demand, and digital empowerment of citizens. It includes the ambitious programme
National Optic Fibre Network (NOFN), aiming to link India's 2.5 lakhs gram panchayats through
over 70,000 km of high speed optic fibre in the next three years thereby enabling over 600 million
Indians to harness the benefits of modern communication. NOFN has to be executed with the active

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 partnership of state governments. I recently inaugurated our country's first high speed rural
broadband network in Idukki district of Kerala. If 900 million mobile phones and 300 million
internet connectivity can spring up in India without active government patronage, imagine what a far
reaching impact a government backed programme would have if executed in a mission mode. A
noteworthy feature of Digital India is that it is envisaged as a national nondiscriminatory
infrastructure available to all categories of service providers for wholesale bandwidth. Telcos, ISPs,
virtual network operators and cable TV providers can all plug into this network for offering next
generation services to citizens. Indians keenly observe the arrival of a technology and once they
recognize its worth, they adopt it with enthusiasm.

Digital India is designed to empower Indians with the power of technology. Digital India
architecture would compel change in governance processes for delivery of services. Along with the
need for faster and timely service delivery, it is important to ensure that benefits of development
reach each and every citizen of the country in equal measure.

I believe that broadband access to all will open a new world of economic opportunities for rural
Indians in areas such as ecommerce, outsourcing and back offices, marketing of agricultural products
and traditional handicrafts, amongst others. Domestically, India consumes up to $100 billion in
electronics every year, most of which are imported, including products like mobile phones,
computers, SIM cards, smart cards, set top boxes, LED lights, cameras, televisions, medical
electronics and the massive electronic segment in defence manufacturing.

There is a need for manufacturing electronics in India for the growing Indian market. Government
has announced the Make in India programme, which complements Digital India by encouraging local
and foreign manufacturers to manufacture in India for the domestic market and for exports. Foreign
companies should not restrict themselves to back office operations but instead look to manufacturing
their high-end products in India. Make in India has conveyed to the companies that this scheme is
more than a slogan ¬ it is a commitment.

Government is backing the Make in India proposal with financial incentives. Catering to the
necessity of expanding the talent pool of IT professionals the Cabinet has already approved setting up
an Electronics Development Fund to encourage innovation, research and startups. Backing up this
innovation is the government's programme DISHA, which focuses on the critical aspect of digital
literacy so that even the poorest Indian can participate and contribute to this digital expansion.
Floodgates of possibilities will open for the selfemployed as well as small and medium enterprises.

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 I imagine a scenario where gardeners, plumbers, drivers, shopkeepers, tutors, tailors can all find new
markets through their mobile phones. We are in the process of finalizing a policy on setting up BPOs
in small and mofussil towns which will leverage digital connectivity and digital literacy to encourage
employment and foster entrepreneurship.

Empowered citizens will have the power to make choices, to save time, lower their costs, add
convenience to their days and improve their health. The potential payoffs through this revolution can
certainly be measured in numbers connections, devices,subscribers, downloads and so on but the
improvement in the quality of life of every

Indian is the real change our government wants to bring. This task is enormous, challenges are
onerous yet we shall overcome, as India after May 2014 is a different country. The writer is the
Union Minister of Communications and Information Technology. All digital resources universally
accessible; All government documents/certificates to be available on the Cloud; Availability of
digital resources/services in Indian languages; Collaborative digital platforms for participative
governance; Portability of all entitlements for individuals through the cloud.

1.9 Approaching India’s digital transformation:

The announcements of the Digital India and Skill India missions are the prime minister’s twin
promises to the youth of India for a better future. Both recognize the role technology must play—the
Skill India initiative that targets to skill over 400 million youth by 2022 gives a computer-screen the
pride of place in its logo.Technology is permeating our lives and changing how we live and work. An
outstanding example of this is the mobile phone (in all its varied sophistication levels and
incarnations). As mobile operators vie to acquire the billionth subscriber in India, telephone
connections are no longer the privilege of a select few, but a nearlyubiquitous accessory that in
numerous cases pays for itself.

The JAM (Jan Dhan, Aadhaar and Mobile technology) trinity described expressively in this year’s
Economic Survey is also built on the foundation of a fully-digitized economy, the ramp up to which
will not be easy. Policy challenges such as the hotly contested debate on the disruption of legacy
communications services by over the top (OTT) applications and ambitions of net neutrality demand
attention but elude instant resolution, and require nuanced and contextual thinking.

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 But even as policy makers wrestle with such conundrums, they must not lose sight of the numerous
other opportunities for development that may be forged with technology. Apps—the innovative bite-
sized applications that are resident on smartphones—are one. Palpably richer in content than the
traditional “value-added services” of old (SMS, MMS, call related services, etc), apps are a whole
new breed as they augment devices and revolutionize what phones can do, including (but by no
means limited to) gaming, social networking, navigation, shopping, utilities, health and even
education

. As long as they are armed with a data connection and a smartphone to run on, the functions that
apps can perform are growing every day—their variety seemingly limited only by imagination and
skill. Given the app revolution gripping India and indeed the rest of the smartphone world, we at
ICRIER decided that, in collaboration with IAMAI, to inquire into the “Impact of India’s App
Economy”. The results are heartening and encouraging. We estimate that app developer jobs will
double by 2016 from the current level of 75,000.

As one would expect, the impacts go beyond merely jobs for coders—developing an app requires
skills beyond IT, involving sales and marketing, customer relationship management and finance and
accounts. Jobs for people that can fulfill those requirements thus contribute to indirect employment in
the industry. In addition, the increased income of those directly or indirectly engaged in the app
economy can then result in demand spilling over outside the industry, creating opportunities for
induced employment.

The inquiry therefore also estimates the indirect and induced employment multipliers under different
business and regulatory conditions. In the most optimistic scenario, total employment could increase
up to eight times. If direct employment increases at a faster rate, the multiplier effects will result in
massive benefits to overall employment in the economy.

There is no doubt that apps are fundamental to the paradigm shift in adoption of technology in India.
The innovation in app development now enables a mobile device to function as a navigator, a health
monitor, a remote control and even a gaming console.

Now Apps can get smartphone components such as accelerometers, gyroscopes and numerous other
sensors to innovatively act in concert and allow for functionality previously absent in the same
device. With over 200 million mobile internet users in India, app purchases are not only increasing in
number but also in sophistication.

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 A study on digitization and mobility by ASSOCHAM and Deloitte estimated app downloads in India
to touch 9 billion by 2015 with the entertainment and social networking will dominating use over
utility, health or education apps. Unfortunately, the number of apps originating in India is only a tiny
fraction of the total demand as even those built to be locally-relevant are often developed abroad.

The lethargic uptake of app development in India can be attributed to the absence of several
elements in the ecosystem, of which one is inadequate skilling. The app economy exists as part of the
internet ecosystem, which consists of network infrastructure, devices, content and users. In a
pyramidal framework, the core activities of the app ecosystem are identified as development,
distribution and demand.

At the turn of the century, Indian software developers acquired a formidable global reputation that
has only enhanced since as Indians today constitute the second most prominent group of app
developers in the world, exceeded only by the Americans. But while Indians comprise the second-
largest community of app developers, almost half of them are based outside India. Of those who
operate within India, it is unclear how many create apps that are ‘local’ (in terms of language and
target markets).

The local market for apps thus becomes subject to a somewhat vicious cycle as inadequate local
content leads domestic users to consume international apps, which in turn discourages Indian
developers to create and market local content. International app stores continue to dominate app
distribution in India as a consequence

In the early days of app development, telecom operators controlled distribution and strong-armed
developers into accepting less than favorable terms. Operators pocketed over 70% of app-generated
revenue while developers needing access to markets did so at the mercy of operators within their
“walled gardens”.

These skewed initial arrangements thus deterred local app development.Competition since has
eroded the market power that operators wielded and technological advancements such as the
development of Wi-Fi-enabled smartphones allow consumers to bypass operators’ networks and
directly access apps from the internet. But where apps are to permeate to peri-urban and rural users,
operators will remain important if not key to unlocking the local potential of the app economy.

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 Their unmatched reach makes them ideal for distribution and their established and familiar payment
channels make monetization easier to achieve. India is a promising marketplace for apps. The rapidly
expanding middle-class and increasing affordability of devices and data will create massive demand.
In addition,quality of service and relevant content will matter and will be determined by operator
investments in spectrum and physical infrastructure.

Network congestion is a worry, especially in spectrum-starved urban markets. On the supply side, the
final wedge is a staring skill gap. Generations of computer and software engineers are a readymade
base for the app industry. The quality of developers must be improved along with increase in the
quantity.

Training in product development and creative designing will enhance the growth of this industry in
India.The new government has enthusiastically endorsed the idea of apps for India. Social networks
were a vibrant platform for user-generated content especially by young Indian voters in the 16th Lok
Sabha elections held last year.

The PMO App Contest and the eGov App store also signal government intention to leverage
technology to enhance efficiency, transparency and effectiveness of public services. Some state
governments have already embraced m-governance to improve public service delivery.

Single window access to all persons by seamlessly integrating departments or jurisdictions;

availability of government services in online and mobile platforms; All citizen entitlements to be
available on the Cloud to ensure easy access; Government services to be digitally transformed for
improving ease of doing business; Making financial transactions above a threshold, electronic and
cashless; and Leveraging GIS for decision support systems and development.

1.10Benefits of Digital India:

 The Government of India has initiated a giant leap forward to transform the country into a
digitally empowered knowledge economy. DI will help in leveraging India's globally
acclaimed IT competence for the benefit of 120 Crores Indians.
 It will help in reducing corruption, getting things done quickly and will help in reducing
paper work.
 Some of the facilities which would be available through this initiative are Digital Locker, e-
eduction, e-health, Digital Signature and national scholarship portal
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  Digital inclusion integrated in Social services
 The imperative comprehensive digital inclusion strategies is not solely tried to economic
issues but also government agency their own e-govt initiative to improve citizen services and
optimized operational efficiency. As a result a growing number of services are being offered
to the public online these include:
 Food assistance.
 Training opportunities.
 Recreational facilities and programme.
 Financial assistance.

1.11 Vision of Digital India:

Shri Narendra Modi’s vision of digital India-
I dream of a India where:

 High speed digital highways unit the nation.

 connected Indians drive innovation.
 Access to information no barriers.
 Technology ensures the citizen- government interface is incorruptible.
 Government services are easily and insufficiently available to every citizen’s mobile devices.
 Government proactively engages with the people through social media.
 Quality education reaches the most inaccessible corners driven by digital learning.
 Quality healthcare percolates right up to the remotest regions powered by ehealthcare.
 Farmers are empowered by real-time information to be connected by the global markets.
 Mobile enable emergency services ensure personal security.
 Mobile and e-banking ensures financial inclusion.
 E-commerce drives entrepreneurshi

Centered on 3 Key Areas:

1) Digital Infrastructure as a Utility to Every Citizen.

2) Governance & Services on Demand.
3) Digital Empowerment of Citizens.
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 Vision Area 1: Infrastructure as a Utility to Every
Citizen:
 High speed internet as a core utility.
 Cradle to grave digital identity -unique, lifelong, online, and authenticable.
 Mobile phone & Bank account enabling participation in digital & financial space.
 Easy access to a Common Service Centre.
 Shareable private space on a public cloud.
 Safe and secure Cyber-space.
 High speed internet shall be made available in all gram panchayats; Cradle to grave digital
identity; Mobile and Bank account would enable participation in digital and financial space at
individual level; Easy access to common service centre within their locality; Shareable
private space on a public cloud; and Safe and secure cyber space in the country.
 The Digital India vision provides the intensified impetus for further momentum and progress
for e-Governance and would promote inclusive growth that covers electronic services,
products, devices, manufacturing and job opportunities.
 Availability of high speed internet as a core utility for delivery of services to citizens.
 Cradle to grave digital identity that is unique, lifelong, online and authenticable to every
citizen.
 Mobile phone & bank account enabling citizen participation in digital & financial space.
 Easy access to a Common Service Centre.
 Shareable private space on a public cloud.
 Safe and secure cyber-space.

Vision Area 2: Governance & Services on Demand:

 Seamlessly integrated across departments or jurisdictions.
 Services available in real time from online &mobile platform.
 All citizen entitlements to be available on the cloud.
 Services digitally transformed for improving Ease of Doing Business.
 Making financial transactions electronic & cashless.
 Leveraging GIS for decision support systems & development.
 One major goal that flows from DEF's Vision and Mission statements is to ensure

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 Vision Area 3: Digital Empowerment of Citizens:
 Universal Digital Literacy.
 `Universally accessible digital resources
 All documents/ certificates to be available on cloud.
 Availability of digital resources / services in Indian languages.
 Collaborative digital platforms for participative governance.
 Portability of all entitlements through cloud.
 Universal digital literacy.
 Universally accessible digital resources.
 Availability of digital resources / services in Indian languages.
 Collaborative digital platforms for participative governance.
 Citizens not required to physically submit Govt. documents / certificates.

Digital-Panchayat:

On its own initiative, DEF is convincing and helping Gram Panchayats or Village Councils to take
the digital route for better governance, set up their own websites and facilitate elected Panchayat
representatives to become digitally literate. Focus Area: Empower panchayats digitally.

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 On its own initiative, DEF is convincing and helping gram panchayats or village councils to take the
digital route for better governance, to set up their own websites and to facilitate elected panchayat
representatives to become digitally literate.In 2010, DEF in partnership with the National

Information Exchange of India (NIXI), an autonomous body of the Ministry of Communication &
IT, started convincing gram panchayats to set up their own websites and go online The vision is that
if the lowest tier of the governance can able to adopt digitisation then a grassroots-level
transformation can take place in governance and in participatory democracy. Moreover, Gram
Panchayats themselves can become big change agents by promoting, encouraging and facilitating
digital literacy and access to the Internet. So far, DEF has helped over 500 gram panchayats to create
their own websites and go online while making over 5,000 GP members digitally literate.

Now, with emphasis on the Digital India programme and related programmes such as the Sansad
Aadarsh Gram Yojana (SAGY) and the ongoing NOFN (National Optic Fibre Network) project to
provide broadband connection to all 2,50,000 gram panchayats, DEF's pioneering effort not only
stands validated but is also likely to get a major boost in the coming days. DEF is now pushing ahead
to help many more Panchayats become digitally inclusive.

DEF initiated and rolled out the Digital Panchayat programme in collaboration with the National
Internet Exchange of India in 2010. The programme was launched keeping in mind that ICT usage is
largely missing among elected representatives at the parliamentary, state and panchayat level.

The Digital Panchayat programme was designed to revolutionise information sharing, good
governance, transparency and publishing information on development indicators through a web
portal for every panchayat. The web-based dynamic digital interface at the all panchayat level
connected to the electorate and citizens has tremendous relevance and utility in overall governance
and development of our grassroots constituencies.

It facilitates and improves the day-to-day functioning of panchayats through two-way flow of
information and content. Moreover, information on decisions taken at Gram Sabha meetings gets
recorded and shared through panchayat websites. This enhances transparency as higher level officials
and bureaucrats cannot change decisions at will.

Soochna-seva :

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 Facilitating citizens to take full advantage of all welfare schemes of the central and state governments
by aggregating information on all such schemes and spreading awareness to ensure that people avail
these schemes appropriately. The Soochna Seva project is a joint initiative of the Digital
Empowerment Foundation and the European Union. Launched in 2014, objectives are to aggregate
information on all kinds of central and state government schemes and entitlements to improve access
to information for people and communities living in backward districts of India. The project involves
setting up 1,200 public scheme information delivery and access points (Panchayat Soochna Seva
Kendras) over the next five years for final gains in entitlements in five identified backward districts
in six key areas of education, health, livelihood, employment, financial inclusion and social security.

PRODUCTS AND PROJECTS OF DIGITAL INDIA

Digital locker system to minimise usage of physical documents and enable their e-sharing via
registered repositories.

MyGov.in as an online platform to engage citizens in governance through a "Discuss, Do and

Disseminate"approach.

Swachh Bharat Mission Mobile app to achieve the goals set by this mission. e-Sign framework
to allow citizens to digitally sign documents online using

Aadhaar. e-Hospital system for important healthcare services such as online registration, fee
payment, fixing doctors' appointments, online diagnostics and checking blood availability online.

National Scholarship Portal for beneficiaries from submission of application to verification,

sanction and disbursal.

Digitise India Platform for large-scale digitisation of records in the country to facilitate efficient
delivery of services to the citizens.

Bharat Net programe as a high-speed digital highway to connect all 250,000 gram panchayats of
country -- the world's largest rural broadband project using optical fibre.’

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 BSNL's Next Generation Network to replace 30-year old telephone exchanges to manage all
types of services like voice, data, multimedia and other types of communication services.BSNL's
large scale deployment of wi-fi hotspots throughout the country.

'Broadband Highways' as one of the pillars of Digital India to address the connectivity issue
while enabling and providing technologies to facilitate delivery of services to citizens. Outsourcing
Policy to create such centres in different north-eastern states and in smaller towns across the
country.

Electronics Development Fund to promote innovation, research and product development to create
a resource pool within the country as also a self-sustaining eco-system of venture funds.

National Centre for Flexible Electronics to promote research and innovation in the emerging area
of flexible electronics.

Centre of Excellence on Internet on Things (IoT) as a joint initiative of the government agencies
and private institutions such as Nasscom. To make Post Offices multi-service centres. To connect all
schools with broadband and free wi-fi

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 1.10 BEST 4 SOCIAL NETWORKING SITE FOR DIGITAL INDIA

1:Official website of digital india project

(www.digitalIndia.gov.co.in)

This official website provides all the latest updation and information about digital India project.
People will also get all the details about the project in this official website.

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 2:Official twitter account of digital India
(@_DigitalIndia)

Through this official twitter account we can stay connected with every latest tweets about the Digital
India project”.

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 3:Official facebook account of “Digital india project”

This official facebook page provides information about service availability,events activities and
official statistics related to Digital India.

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 4:Official linkedin account of “Digital India”

This official linkedin account is also very useful to stay connected with latest news and changes in
digital India project.

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CHAPTE R- CHAPTER 2

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY mpa

A research methodology defines the purpose of the research, how it proceeds How to measure
progress and what constitute success with respect to the objectives determined for carrying research
study The appropriate research design formulated is detailed below

 Exploratary research : this kind of research has the primary objective of development of insights into
the problem. It studies the main areas where the problem lies and also tries to evaluate some
appropriate courses of action.

 The research methodology for the present study has been adopted to reflect these realities and help
reach the logical conclusion in an objective and scientific manner.

Reasearch methodology is a systematic way to solve a problem. It is a science of studying how research
is to be carried out. Essentially the procedures by which researchers go about their work of describing
explaning and predicting phenomena are called research methodology. It is also defined as the study of
methods by which knowledge is gained. It aims to give the work plan of research.

TYPES OF RESEARCH

Research is broadly classified:

1.Basic Research

Basic research is an investigation on basic principles and reasons for occurrence of a particular event
or process or phenomenon. It is also called theoretical research. Study or investigation of some
natural phenomenon or relating to pure science are termed as basic research. Basic researches some
times may not lead to immediate use or application. It is not concerned with solving any practical
problems of immediate interest. But it is original or basic in character. It provides a systematic and
deep insight into a problem and facilitates extraction of scientific and logical explanation and
conclusion on it. It helps build new frontiers of knowledge. The outcomes of basic research form the
basis for many applied research. Researchers working on applied research have to make use of the
outcomes of basic research and explore the utility of them.

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 2. Applied Research

In an applied research one solves certain problems employing well known and accepted theories and
principles. Most of the experimental research, case studies and inter-disciplinary research are
essentially applied research. Applied research is helpful for basic research. A research, the outcome
of which has immediate application is also termed as applied research. Such a research is of practical
use to current activity. For example, research on social problems have immediate use. Applied
research is concerned with actual life research such as research on increasing efficiency of a machine,
increasing gain factor of production of a material, pollution control, preparing vaccination for a
disease, etc. Obviously, they have immediate potential applications.

3. Normal and Revolutionary Researches

Basic and applied researches are generally of two kinds: normal research and revolutionary research.
In any particular field, normal research is performed in accordance with a set of rules, concepts and
procedures called a paradigm, which is well accepted by the scientists working in that field. Normal
research is something like puzzle-solving: interesting, even beautiful, solutions are found but the
rules are remain same. In this normal research sometimes unexpected novel results and discoveries
are realized which are inconsistent with the 8 existing paradigm. Among the scientist, a tense
situation then ensues, which increases in intensity until a scientific revolution is reached. This is
marked by a paradigm shift and a new paradigm emerges under which normal scientific activity can
be resumed.

4. Quantitative and Qualitative Methods

The basic and applied researches can be quantitative or qualitative or even both. Quantitative
research is based on the measurement of quantity or amount. Here a process is expressed or described
in terms of one or more quantities. The result of this research is essentially a number or a set of
numbers. Some of the characteristics of qualitative research/method are:

• It is numerical, non-descriptive, applies statistics or mathematics and uses numbers.

• It is an iterative process whereby evidence is evaluated.

• The results are often presented in tables and graphs.

• It is conclusive.

• It investigates the what, where and when of decision making.

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 Statistics is the most widely used branch of mathematics in quantitative research. It finds applications
not only in physical sciences but also in economics, social sciences and biology. Quantitative
research using statistical methods often begins with the collection of data based on a theory or
hypothesis or experiment followed by the application of descriptive or inferential statistical methods.

Qualitative research is concerned with qualitative phenomenon involving quality. Some of the
characteristics of qualitative research/method are:

• It is non-numerical, descriptive, applies reasoning and uses words.

• Its aim is to get the meaning, feeling and describe the situation.

• Qualitative data cannot be graphed.

• It is exploratory.

• It investigates the why and how of decision making

5. Other Types of Research

Other types of research include action research (fact findings to improve the quality of action in the
social world), explanatory research (searching explanations for events and phenomena, for example
finding answer to the question why are the things like what they are?), exploratory research (getting
more information on a topic) and comparative research (obtaining similarities and differences between
events, methods, techniques, etc.)

2.1 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

1. To create awareness about digital services among the young generation

2. .To know about the digital services which india is going to adapt soon
3. To empower every citizen with access to digital services.,
4. To come out with the knowledge of innovative ideas and practical solutions
5. To see where India will stand after 5-10 years digitally.

2.2 HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis 1
 HO: Digital india will not empower citizens with digital services .
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  H1: Digital india will empower citizens with digital services.

Hypothesis 2
 HO :Digital india will not help in rural development .
 H1: Digital idia will help in rural development.

2.3 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The overall scope of study is to prepare & make Indians aware for a
knowledge future. On being transformative that is to realize IT (Indian Talent) + IT (Information
Technology) = IT (India Tomorrow). To know about the making technology central to enabling
change. We can see the changing and developing technology of India in a digital way.As digital
India is being an Umbrella Programme, that is covering many departments.The programme
weaves together a large number of ideas and thoughts into a single, comprehensive vision, so that
each of them is seen as part of a larger goal.Each individual element stands on its own, but is also
part of the larger picture. The weaving together makes the Mission transformative in totality. Now
we can also see the scope of digital development in rural areas. To make Panchayats more
efficient, transparent and symbols of modernity by leveraging ICT at the cutting edge level to
ensure transparency and accountability in their functioning through disclosure of information,
social audit, efficient delivery of services and improving internal processes and management of
Panchayats.

2.4 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

It is for sure that your research will have some limitations and it is normal. However, it is critically
important for you to be striving to minimize the range of scope of limitations throughout the research
process. Also, you need to provide the acknowledgement of your research limitations in conclusions
chapter honestly.

 Many people were not providing proper feedback

 Some people were not having internet access
 As this is a college project research was conducted on a small scale
 Possibility of error as some people may have given wrong information
 Less capital was used to conduct research
 Limitation of time

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 2.5 SAMPLE SIZE
I took 50 respondents they were selected by random sampling method because in this case systematic
Sampling is not possible since one cannot say weather a person is aware about digital india campaign
or not.

SAMPLING PROCEDURE
Simple random sampling technique is used in this research.

REASERCH INSTRUMENT
For doing the survey research structured questionaries with both open ended and close ended
questions were used.

2.6 DATA COLLECTION

Primary data:
 Consumer survey on Digital India.
Secondary data:
 Study reports from internet.
 Articles in newspaper and internet.
Data collection tools:
 Questionnaire survey.
 Internet.
 Newspapers.


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 2.7 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
 Make people aware of Digital India Project by government of India
 Effectively deliver the message of Digital India.
 The core philosophy of Digital India Project is to give all citizens of the country access to the
internet as a way to interact with their government and avail of public services.
 Analyze the growth in areas of electronic services, products, manufacturing and job
opportunities etc after digitalizatiun
 Analysis the digital effects in the country after completion of the project by 2020. See the
expand visibility of Digital India by way of effective branding across various platforms with
special focus on new media and public interface touch points.
 Increase the demand for e-services among people.
 Analyzing the future advance technology and make people aware of it.To establish
credibility of message by ensuring value proposition in terms of demonstration of service
delivery to citizens by converging existing and new services, usage of digital infrastructure
under Digital India.
 Identify the digital benefits of future to the country and the success rate of the project.

2.8 RESEARCH PROBLEM

To understand wheather digital India campaign will help in development of the country
To understand wheather digital india is actually needed in our country or not

2.9 TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES OF THE STUDY

A researcher requires many data – gathering tools or techniques. Tests are the tools of measurement
and it guides the researcher in data collection and also in evaluation. Tools may vary in complexity,
interpretation, design and administration. Each tool is suitable for the collection of certain type of
information. One has to select from the available tools those which will provide data he seeks for
testing hypothesis. It may happen that existing research tools do not suit the purpose in some
situation, so researcher should modify them or construct his own. Different tools used for data
collection may be;
Interviews
Questionnaires
Schedules
Graphs
Observation technique

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 CHAPTER 3
3.1 LITERATURE REVIEW

A literature review is a comprehensive summary of previous research on a topic. The literature review
surveys scholarly articles, books, and other sources relevant to a particular area of research. The
review should enumerate, describe, summarize, objectively evaluate and clarify this previous research.
It should give a theoretical base for the research and help you (the author) determine the nature of your
research. The literature review acknowledges the work of previous researchers, and in so doing,
assures the reader that your work has been well conceived. It is assumed that by mentioning a
previous work in the field of study, that the author has read, evaluated, and assimilated that work into
the work at hand.

A literature review creates a "landscape" for the reader, giving her or him a full understanding of the
developments in the field. This landscape informs the reader that the author has indeed assimilated all
(or the vast majority of) previous, significant works in the field into her or his research.

Why IT Firms are Shying Away from Govt. Projects: (BUREAU, 2016) BUREU highlights even
though government spending is expected to grow at 10.5 percent which is same as domestic market
growth IT companies showing lack of enthusiasm to government projects. The main reasons are
payment issues and litigation. The companies facing challenges because it is observed change in
requirement during implementation of a project, but contact and the system don’t accommodate such
things and it becomes a problem.

Digital India is Achievable but it has its Setoff Challenges: (Aruna Sundararajan, 2016) Aruna
Sundararajan explained on the achievements and concerns around digital India.

Making Digital India a Reality: (Chowdhary, 2016) Sudhir Chowdhary wrote about the views of
Debjani Ghosh vice president, sales & marketing group & MD, Intel South about digital India

Sundar Pichai, Satya Nadella, Elon Musk researched about Digital India and its preparedness to
create jobs opportunities in the information sector. He concluded that creating new jobs should be
continued with shifting more workers into high productivity jobs in order to provide long term push
to the technological sector in India.

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 Microsoft CEO, Satya Nadella intends to become India’s partner in Digital India program. He said
that his company will set up low cost broadband technology services to 5lakhs villages across the
country

Prof. Singh began with the basic overview of what Digital India entails and led a discussion of
conceptual structure of the program and examined the impact of “Digital India” initiative on the
technological sector of India. He concluded that this initiative has to be supplemented with
amendments in labor laws of India to make it a successful campaign.

Arvind Gupta intends to say that Digital India movement will play an important role in effective
delivery of services, monitoring performance, managing projects and improving governance. sector
of India..

An Integrated Office of Innovation & Technology to achieve the same, for problem solving, sharing
applications and knowledge management will be the key to rapid results, given that most departments
work on their own silos. Tracking and managing the projects assumes significance because India has
been busy spending money in buying technology that we have not used effectively or in some cases
not even reached implementation stage. Sharing learning’s and best practices across departments
needs to be driven by this Office of Technology. Gupta and Arora (2015) studied the impact

Gupta and Arora (2015) studied the impact of digital India project on India’s rural sector. The study
found that many schemes have been (2015) studied the impact of digital India project on India’s rural
sector launched in digital India to boost agriculture sector and entrepreneurship development in rural
are Digital India programme has also set the stage for empowerment of rural Indian women

Rani (2016) concluded that the digital India project provides a huge opportunity to use the latest
technology to redefine India the paradigms of service industry. It also pointed out that many projects

may require some transformational process, reengineering, refinements to achieve the desired service
level objectives

Midha (2016) concluded that digital India is a great plan to develop India for knowledge future but
its improper implementation due to inaccessibility and inflexibility to requisite can lead to its failure.
Though digital India programme is facing number of challenges yet if properly implemented it can

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 make the best future of every citizen. So we Indians should work together to shape the knowledge
economy.is generally accepted that many digital library initiatives in India began in the 90s. One of
the earliest articles giving an over view of digital libraries in India was by Rajashekar T.B. (1977);
this lucid article discusses many advantages of digital libraries and issues involved in the creation of
digital libraries.

Srivastava R. and Saxena S. (2004) have also written an overview of digital libraries. Sharma P.C
and Arora I.P. (2005) highlighted the need for digital libraries along with requirements, digitalization
process and future of digital libraries.

Sadagopan S. (2000) discussed the challenges of digital libraries and highlighted the opportunities
available for library research scholars for creating and assessing content in Indian languages.
Mohapatra P.K. (2000) discussed future programmes which include plans for large scale digitization.

The article reaffirmed the evolutionary position of electronic library as the predecessor of digital
libraries by is Deb S. and Kar D.C. (2005). The phenomenon of information hidden in the traditional
library set-up being a barrier to communication, and the potential of digitization as a means to
overcome this phenomenon was discussed by Giri B.

In recent years there have been a number of digital library initiatives in India and there are several
papers that have attempted to study these initiatives. Bhattacharya P. (2004) traced the development
of digital libraries with respect to India and concluded that India’s attempt towards digital library
development has been sporadic and partial.

Similarly Jain P.K. and Babbar P. (2006) have categorized the different Indian digital library
initiatives that fall under three categories viz., government-level, academic institutes and society
organizations. India is rich in various kinds of traditional knowledge that is documented in various
forms and available in some libraries.

Rao A.K. (2005) discusses two such digital library projects viz., Digital Library of Indian Heritage
and Indian Art Preservation Research Project. Balakrishnan (2005) discusses the technological
challenges with regard to the Indian languages and future directions including the possibility of
creating a 21st century equivalent of the public library and that PBS and All India Radio might create
Web contents.

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 Krishnamurthy (2005) gives an overview of digital libraries describing the Digital Library
Initiatives- Phase I Digital Library Initiative- Phase II Projects. He touches upon research initiatives
involved in digital libraries such as interoperability, collection development and management,
preservation, cataloguing and indexing and reference services.

Padmavathi and Mahakuteshwar (2005) worked on Central Food Technological Research

Institute’s (CFTRI) efforts to create a digital library of theses and dissertations. A brief on the digital
library initiatives at the Indian Institute of Astrophysics, Bangalore is discussed by Vagiswari and
Birdie (2003). Kalra (2001) mentions a few digital library initiatives that began in the 1990s but
discusses mostly Web-based searchable databases, bulletin board, list servers and OPACS.

Efforts at The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI) to create an integrated digital library have
been discussed by Deb S. (2006). The concept of hybrid digital library and the steps involved in its
creation are also discussed. The hybrid digital library is a digital library that holds the Meta data for
accessing 30 resources available in cyberspace and in the organization’s library. Deb also discussed
the physical digital library for born-digital documents by TERI and explains integrated digital library
that provides a single window that provides access to both born digital resources and digitized
documents.

Urs and Raghavan (2001) highlighted about the project Vidyanidhi, the Indian Digital Library of
Electronic theses initiative. They mentioned that Vidyanidhi is a direct consequence of government
policy initiatives and is intended to demonstrate the utility of digital technologies.

Jose A. and Raina R.L. (2005) have drawn up a conceptual model of Networked Digital Libraries
(NDL) for IIMs based on National Digital Library (NDL) programmes initiated in the US. Like the
Networking Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (NDLTD) and Networked Computer Science
Technical Reference Library (NCSTRL).

Malathy S.A. (2005) described creation of digital libraries using satellite technologies and the Green
Stone Digital Library (GSDL) software. Sharma A.and Yurcik W. (2001) has discussed the
Gyandoot Digital Library Intranet, highlighting the challenges and prospects of the rural digital
library.

Ghosh M. (2005) sketches a vision for the public library system based on the concept of ICT for
development. Organizing digital information in the corporate sector using GSDL was discussed by

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 Munnolli S.S. (2004). Some interesting research has been taken up in the area of management of
digital libraries. These works covered issues and strategies involved in management of digital
libraries include hardware

management, software management, collection management, preservation/archiving, financial

management and the access system are focused by Gupta S. and Singh G. (2006).

Development of digital libraries involves substantial planning. Lakshmi K. and Suma P. (1998)
emphasized on planning digital library development, especially planning for IT infrastructure and
financial planning.

Das A.K. and Dutta B. (2004) discussed the need for audit and control of digital library systems.
They identified the elements of audit and control that enhances the capabilities and effectiveness of
digital libraries.

Pandian and Karisiddappa (2002) have suggested a framework for the design and development of
an intranet-based IIM digital system based on a consortia approach. This model proposes digitization
of the IIM resources in a cooperative manner with subscriptions to electronic journals and databases
through a consortia mode.

Yet another consortium approach to digital libraries, in this case primarily of licensed e-resources, is
the INDEST consortium (Arora J. 2001, 2003) development of an institutional repository for the
Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore. While there are about 40 software packages for creating
OAI-complaint (Open Archives Initiative) databases, Greenstone Digital Library (GSDL) software
has been chosen for developing the IISc institutional repository.

While many papers have cursorily discussed the problems, Jeevan V.K.J. and Dhawan S.M. (2002)
focus on the issues in detail. The authors discuss the problems and issues related to integration of
information technologies, digital library tools and software, models for resource development, IT
training needs, content development and copyright management.

Kaur P. and Singh S. (2005) discuss the transformation of traditional libraries into digital libraries
in the Indian context. Another paper on content for digital libraries is by Sreekumar M.G. and
Sunitha T. (2005) who share the experience of creating a state-of-the art digital library information

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 system by seamlessly integrating and aggregating print as well as the diverse distributed digital
content of the Indian Institute of Management, Kozhikode knowledge domain.

Shukla V.N. (2005) discusses content creation as a new trend in IT and stresses the need to develop
digital libraries and not digital collections. Unicode provides a standard scheme for world’s
languages.

Chandrakar R. (2004) discusses Unicode and the related technologies available for localizing
Indian language materials. Gaur R.C.’s paper (2003) entitled “Rethinking the Indian Digital Divide:
The present state of digitization in Indian management libraries” focuses more on library automation
and its facets rather than on digitization or digital libraries. The paper highlights the status of library
automation in the Indian management institutes’ libraries and there is only a passing mention of
digital library initiatives by these libraries; in fact, the study found these initiatives dismal. Murthy
S.S. (2005), however, shares the practical experience of digitization at the National Tuberculosis
Institute, Bangalore.

Libraries provide services. Letha M.M. (2006) has discussed the library portal as a tool for Web-
enabled information services. Gupta R. S. K. et al. (2004) points out that the library website is by
nature a vehicle for delivering digital library services. Another case study describes the building of
digital resources at the Indian National Science Academy (INSA), New Delhi (Munshi U.M. 2003).

Krishnamurthy M. (2005) discusses digital library services in the Indian Statistical Institute (ISI),
Bangalore. According to the author, to create true digital libraries, not just digital collections, will
require librarians to work closely together to create open, distributed, publicly accessible resources,
as well as to establish a collaborative structure to coordinate and guide implementation.

Das A.K., Dutta C. and Sen B.K. (2007) assess the present situation in the development of
indigenous digital libraries focusing on the retrieval features of eight digital libraries in India. This
study shows that information retrieval features of digital libraries vary significantly from each other
due to the use of different content-organization techniques and differing types of digital content.

Arumugam G., Thangaraj M. and Shanti P. (2005) mining and certain algorithms discuss the
concept of data than can mine frequent user access patterns of the library database. Though the title
of the article states that it is about discovering frequent access patterns in a digital library using
association mining, the study itself is not on digital libraries but pertaining to the circulation or

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 transaction database of an automated library. The implications of copyright in the electronic
environment are discussed by Rao S.S. (2003). James T.C. (2005) looks at digital libraries and
copyright including various issues with respect to the different aspects of digitization and the
copyright laws of India.

Finally, Ravi S., Chandra R. and Sharma R.K. (2000) look at emerging trends and the future of
digital libraries in terms of their usefulness and cost effectiveness. As the number of digital libraries
grows, the role of the traditional librarian needs to be re-examined in the light of this new
environment.

Sreenivasulu V. (2000) authored one of the earliest papers looking at this aspect with particular
reference to the emergence of the ‘digital librarian’. The paper describes an array of roles for the
digital librarian and discusses the competencies, skills and professional education and training
needed by the digital librarians.

Parvathamma .N (2003) discusses the social and economic issues that need to be considered to
bridge the digital divide between rural and urban populations in order to ensure sustainable
development of India.

These are some of the major research initiatives in digital library area in India. The literature review
brings into the light that there are very few research studies pertaining to the attitudes and
experiences of digital library service providers and users.

It is also felt that the service providers and users constitute to be two critical stakeholders in the
digital library management and hence this topic to understand issues related to management of digital
libraries from the perspective of service providers and users.

Digital India: A Study of New-Age e-Entrepreneurship in India (Arjuna Kumar Sahu1, 2015)
Arjuna Kumar explore Digital India and other initiative like National Digital Literacy Mission
(NDLM) penetration of mobile phone and broadband has raised in significant number and pattern of
users has changed.

New Urban Utopias of Postcolonial India: ‘Entrepreneurial urbanization’ in Dholera smart city,
Gujarat (Datta, 2015) Datta has explored in depth critical analysis on Dholera smart city to suggested

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 how state attempt to attract global capital and enhance economic growth through construction of new
town ships.

Developing Smart Cities using Internet of Things: An Empirical Study (Sarin, 2016) Sarin
explained Digital India program, which aims at setting up e- infrastructure in the nation will enable
faster establishment of the IoT industry.

Technological Innovations in Indian Banking Sector: A Trend Analysis (Sarkar, 2016) Sarkar
analysis IT & Innovation in banking sector has made it more competitive and delivering better
customer services. It has transform banking from cash & paper based to cashless & paperless.

Information Centric Services in Smart Cities: (G.Piro, 2014) G. Piro focus on advance ICT
technology support services (i.e. e-government and public administration, intelligent transportation
system, public safety social, health care, education, building and urban planning, environment and
energy and water management application in Smart cities by upcoming wireless technologies.

Development of Smart Cities in India: Dream to reality (Suresh, 2016) Suresh explores strategies for
planned urbanisation, guideline for smart city development and explain thoughts to transform urban
India.

Indian Banking Sector-Challenges and Opportunities: (Singh, 2016) Singh reviewed Indian
banking sector and analysed the challenges and opportunities in it. Author put his views that Indian
Government needs bigger banks to finance, its social projects, infrastructure funds like Digital India,
Bullet Train etc.

Uniting Mobile Wallet in the Customer Journey: A stride towards digital India (Joshi, 2016)
Joshi analyse the parameters (i.e. understanding and knowledge, legal aspect of mobile wallet) for the
use of mobile wallet, Banks providing this service.must focus to provide awareness about it More
than 75%(more than 100 core) of population using mobile phone and every one of mobile user must
use mobile wallet. Mobile wallet service is important tool of Digital India.

Reviewing Digitization in Health Care Services in India: (Joshi, 2016) Joshi an attempt to
understand conceptual understanding and overview with the present trend in digital health care in
India and world. This study also address issues and challenges in digitization of health care services
in India.

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 A Study on Diffusion of Digital Locker Technology in Vadodara District: (Singh, 2016) Singh
focused on the conceptual understanding of digital locker. The suggested an awareness campaign in
this country about digital locked is required & digital locker is important part of Digital India.

Digital India: Green Tab knowledge café (Bharat Bhagtani, 2016) Bharat analysis the feasibility
of business model of e library through primary research and benefits of it. Author expects it will
reach its breakeven point in two years.

E-Governance-Reforming Government through Technology: (Raghavendra Kulkarni, 2016)

Raghavendra Kulkarni explains and analysis the characterises, advantages and challenges in the

implementation of E-Governance the two main advantages of E Governance are increased

transparency and fast public service delivery.

E-Kranti: Electronic delivery of Services (Sarkar, 2016) Sarkar highlights features & services of
E-Kranti. Demand of IT hardware will increase with the evaluation of this program a practical
approach based on past experience for Ne GP should be implemented for the E governance.

VLDB Prerequisite for the Success of Digital India (Deloitte, 2016): Deloitte share insight into
Indian scale data problems & how technology can be utensil in solving those.

Singapore Payment Roadmaps Enabling the Future of Payments 2020 and Beyond: (KPMG,
2016) KPMG explores the appraisal of the payment ecosystem forms an important component to
support Singapore achieve the smart nation vision & uphold its place as the financial heart of Asia.

E-Governance and Digital India Empowering Indian Citizens through Technology: (Deloitte,
ASSOCHAM, 2015) Deloitte offers a complete assessment of the Digital India initiative finds gaps
and challenges and focus for closing the gaps have been discussed.

Why IT Firms are Shying Away from Govt. Projects: (BUREAU, 2016) BUREU highlights even
though government spending is expected to grow at 10.5 percent which is same as domestic market
growth IT companies showing lack of enthusiasm to government projects. The main reasons are
payment issues and litigation. The companies facing challenges because it is observed change in

56 | P a g e
 requirement during implementation of a project, but contact and the system don’t accommodate such
things and it becomes a problem. Digital India is Achievable but it has its Setoff Challenges: (Aruna
Sundararajan, 2016) Aruna Sundararajan explained on the achievements and concerns around
digital India.

Making Digital India a Reality: (Chowdhary, 2016) Sudhir Chowdhary wrote about the views of
Debjani Ghosh vice president, sales & marketing group & MD, Intel South about digital India.

Jain [1] in his study concluded that some projects are under various stages of implementation which
may require some transformational process to achieve desired objectives. Sharma [2] made a study
and described that in this project every civilian has a bright prospect to transform the lives in many
ways that were hard to envision just a couple of year’s ego. It was concluded that more prospects will
open for the youth that will boost the nation’s economy.

Quibria and Tschang [3] in their study states that Governance is well recognized as an area where IT
can have a positive impact. There are two broad classes of uses of IT for improved government

functioning. First, back-office procedures can be made more efficient, so that internal record-
keeping, flows of information, and tracking of decisions and performance can be improved. Second,
when some basic information is stored in digital form, it provides the opportunity for easier access to
that information by citizens. The simplest examples are e-mailing requests or complaints, checking
regulations on a web page, or printing out forms from the web so that a trip to pick up the forms from
a physical office can be avoided. More complicated possibilities are checking actual records, such as
land ownership or transactions.

Still more complicated are cases where information is submitted electronically by the citizen, for
government action or response. The use of IT can increase transparency and accountability, simply
by requiring information, such as basic complaints, to be logged completely and systematically.

Kapur and Ramamurti [4] in their study argue for even broader impacts, extending to industries
such as biotech, chemicals, media and entertainment, and construction all require knowledge services
that go beyond the basic definition of IT-enabled services, and have all benefited from the change in
management approach wrought first within the IT sector.

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 A plethora of sources (Gaikwad & Kate, 2016); Kingsnorth, 2017; Patrutiu Baltes, 2016; Piñeiro-
Otero & Martínez-Rolán, 2016; Slade, 2016; Vien, 2015; Wienclaw, 2017; Zimmer, 2017) within the
body of literature points to Social Media Marketing as being a powerful marketing tool. Social
networking through an online community allows users to communicate with each other.

The social networking platform allows marketing between individuals or organizations to be

facilitated through online information post and messaging (Zimmer, 2017). Wienclaw (2017) cited
Kaplan & Haenlien (2010) definition of social media as “a group of Internetbased applications that
build on the ideological and technological foundations of Web 2.0 and that allow creation and
exchange of user-generated content (p.4).

” Piñeiro-Otero & Martínez-Rolán (2016) commented in his work that social media is an amazing
method used to establish communication between members through dynamic exchanges. Gaikwad &
Kate (2016) elaborated on the importance of social media in marketing by drawing an adjacent link
between social media and word of mouth marketing. Patrutiu Baltes (2016) cited Bafton (2012)
recollection per Fleishman-Hillard, that 79% of consumers follow or like their brands on social
media. Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, YouTube, Instagram and Pinterest were named by Patrutiu
Baltes (2016), as well-known and regularly-used social media platforms. Slade (2016) gave insight

that companies benefit from setting aside a social media marketing budget, to finance using premium
services offered on social media.

Smith (2011) cited Internet World Stats (2010), which pointed out that the world’s internet user
population was projected to exceed 2 billion by 2010. With the rapid advancement of technology in
society, the adoption of digital marketing strategy is more important than ever. Armitage (2015)
explained that digital stratagem should be the cornerstone of an organization “go to” market strategy.

These thoughts are echoed by González Romo, García-Medina & Plaza Romero (2017), which
explained that new technologies have forced companies to reconsider marketing strategies. The
authors continued to explain that the implementation of technology into marketing would help
marketing professionals reach a younger audience that heavily use mobile devices on a regular basis.
The views of Slade (2016) regarding a link between the implementation of innovative technology
and marketing strategy concurred Armitage (2015) and González Romo, García-Medina & Plaza
Romero (2017), by proving insight that technology is rapidly developing and will take businesses out
of there comfort zone.

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 An overabundance amount of literature supports SEO as being a credible, established strategy in
digital marketing (Gaikwad & Kate, 2016; Gifford, 2010; Kingsnorth, 2017; Patrutiu Baltes,
2016; Piñeiro-Otero, Teresa & Martínez-Rolán, Xabier. 2016). Some SEO strategies noted by
Weinclaw (2017), include: adjustment of website content, addition of keywords, proper website
indexing and ensuring that site content is unique. Piñeiro-Otero & Martínez-Rolán (2016) indicated
that 88% of the worldwide access of the web goes through the Google search engine. Gaikwad &
Kate (2016) stated that SEO is a must for online marketing. Search Engine Marketing (SEM)

The Senior Online Marketing Manager of BSkyB and the Internet Advertising Bureau, Helen
Southgate, endorsed affiliate marketing as a trustworthy strategy to generate revenue online for a
business of any size. (Patrutiu Baltes, 2016). Affiliate marketing is a type of marketing practice in
digital marketing, where the affiliates are rewarded by the web-based merchant, via each customer
brought through the affiliate’s marketing exertions

(Patrutiu Baltes, 2016 cited Afiliere, 2008). The findings of Patrutiu Baltes (2016), explained that
Pay Per Click (PPC) affiliate programs and affiliate networks were ways that affiliate marketing
strategies are practiced through the online environment.

Newsletters Piñeiro-Otero & Martínez-Rolán (2016) pointed to newsletters as being an effective

marketing strategy for companies to implement into their marketing efforts. The authors expressed
the value of a well-designed newsletter with good content. Gaikwad & Kate (2016) concurred with

the thoughts of Piñeiro-Otero & Martínez-Rolán (2016), by elaborating on the significance of

newsletter being used in digital marketing. The addition of professionally crafted pictures and videos
into an electronic newsletter, will result in 50% to 70% more clicks than newsletters constructed
purely using text.

The literature displayed the importance of adding a website into an organization’s marketing efforts.
Peck (2012) noted in an article that an investment in a website for newspaper companies is
beneficial. The Newspaper Association of American (NAA) explained that 63% of adult newspaper
readers visited a newspaper website. With more than half of the newspaper readers visiting their
online site, a report from the company’s 2011 4th quarter, averaged 111 million website visitors.
Vien (2015) explained that an organization could build a website as a marketing tool for free or low
price.

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 The website also needs to have a professional look as explained by Vein (2015), citing statistics
from a Hinge survey that 30% of clients ruled out small firms that have poorly constructed websites.
Social Media Marketing A plethora of sources (Gaikwad & Kate, 2016); Kingsnorth, 2017; Patrutiu
Baltes, 2016; Piñeiro-Otero & Martínez-Rolán, 2016; Slade, 2016; Vien, 2015; Wienclaw, 2017;
Zimmer, 2017) within the body of literature points to Social Media Marketing as being a powerful
marketing tool. Social networking through an online community allows users to communicate with
each other.

The social networking platform allows marketing between individuals or organizations to be

facilitated through online information post and messaging (Zimmer, 2017). Wienclaw (2017) cited
Kaplan & Haenlien (2010) definition of social media as “a group of Internetbased applications that
build on the ideological and technological foundations of Web 2.0 and that allow creation and
exchange of user-generated content (p.4).” Piñeiro-Otero & Martínez-Rolán (2016) commented in his
work that social media is an amazing method used to establish communication between members
through dynamic exchanges. Gaikwad & Kate (2016) elaborated on the importance of social media in
marketing by drawing an adjacent link between social media and word of mouth marketing.

Patrutiu Baltes (2016) cited Bafton (2012) recollection per Fleishman-Hillard, that 79% of
consumers follow or like their brands on social media. Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, YouTube,
Instagram and Pinterest were named by Patrutiu Baltes (2016), as well-known and regularly-used
social media platforms.

Slade (2016) gave insight that companies benefit from setting aside a social media marketing
budget, to finance using premium services offered on social media. E-mail Marketing The literature
review revealed that a digital marketing strategy called E-mail marketing. Piñeiro-Otero & Martínez-
Rolán (2016) defined E-mail marketing as an online system, using e-mail to distribute
announcements and commercial information. E-

mail marketing is a strategy that allows a business or organization to reach a large customer-base
through the distribution of messages and information using an electronic messaging tool The
literature displayed the importance of adding a website into an organization’s marketing efforts. Peck
(2012) noted in an article that an investment in a website for newspaper companies is beneficial. The
Newspaper Association of American (NAA) explained that 63% of adult newspaper readers visited a
newspaper website. With more than half of the newspaper readers visiting their online site, a report

60 | P a g e
 from the company’s 2011 4th quarter, averaged 111 million website visitors. Vien (2015) explained
that an organization could build a website as a marketing tool for free or low price. The website also
needs to have a professional look as explained by Vein (2015), citing statistics from a Hinge survey
that 30% of clients ruled out small firms that have poorly constructed websites. Social Media
Marketing A plethora of sources (Gaikwad & Kate, 2016); Kingsnorth, 2017; Patrutiu Baltes, 2016;
Piñeiro-Otero & Martínez-Rolán, 2016; Slade, 2016; Vien, 2015; Wienclaw, 2017; Zimmer, 2017)
within the body of literature points to Social Media Marketing as being a powerful marketing tool.
Social networking through an online community allows users to communicate with each other.

The social networking platform allows marketing between individuals or organizations to be

facilitated through online information post and messaging (Zimmer, 2017). Wienclaw (2017) cited
Kaplan & Haenlien (2010) definition of social media as “a group of Internetbased applications that
build on the ideological and technological foundations of Web 2.0 and that allow creation and

exchange of user-generated content (p.4).” Piñeiro-Otero & Martínez-Rolán (2016) commented in his
work that social media is an amazing method used to establish communication between members
through dynamic exchanges. Gaikwad & Kate (2016) elaborated on the importance of social media in
marketing by drawing an adjacent link between social media and word of mouth marketing. Patrutiu
Baltes (2016) cited Bafton (2012) recollection per Fleishman-Hillard, that 79% of consumers follow
or like their brands on social media. Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, YouTube, Instagram and Pinterest
were named by Patrutiu Baltes (2016), as well-known and regularly-used social media platforms.

Slade (2016) gave insight that companies benefit from setting aside a social media marketing
budget, to finance using premium services offered on social media. E-mail Marketing The literature
review revealed that a digital marketing strategy called E-mail marketing. Piñeiro-Otero & Martínez-
Rolán (2016) defined E-mail marketing as an online system, using e-mail to distribute
announcements and commercial information. E-

mail marketing is a strategy that allows a business or organization to reach a large customer-base
through the distribution of messages and information using an electronic messaging tool (Zimmer,
2017). Weinclaw (2017) pointed out that theoretically, E-mail marketing is a simplistic concept. The
distribution of coupons, online newsletters, promotional events and advertising materials are among
methods of email marketing. Gaikwad & Kate (2016) brought the term E-mail marketing into focus,
by presenting thoughts that every E-mail directed toward a prospective customer could be viewed as

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 email marketing. Search Engine Optimization (SEO) The implementation of the websites into an
organization’s marketing approach is strategic. There is another layer of innovative strategy that
marketers use to enhance the visibility of websites on the internet among search engines called
Search Engine Optimization (SEO). Wienclaw (2017) defined SEO as “the process of increasing the
probability that a website will be listed in the results of an online search and that it will be placed
prominently in the search results (p.4).”
Weinclaw (2017) pointed out that theoretically, E-mail marketing is a simplistic concept. The
distribution of coupons, online newsletters, promotional events and advertising materials are among
methods of email marketing.

Gaikwad & Kate (2016) brought the term E-mail marketing into focus, by presenting thoughts that
every E-mail directed toward a prospective customer could be viewed as email marketing. Search
Engine Optimization (SEO) The implementation of the websites into an organization’s marketing
approach is strategic. There is another layer of innovative strategy that marketers use to enhance the
visibility of websites on the internet among search engines called Search Engine Optimization

(SEO). Wienclaw (2017) defined SEO as “the process of increasing the probability that a website
will be listed in the results of an online search and that it will be placed prominently in the search
results (p.4).”

The review of literature suggests that efforts to implement e-governance began in the start of this
century in developed countries. For example, Koh, C.E., Prybutok, V.R., Ryan, S. and Ibragimova,
B. (2006) discuss the interaction of information technology, strategic planning processes, and
employees in USA. To implement e-services IT plans should be properly aligned with business
strategies and importance of this aliance should be communicated to employees.

Lam, W. (2005) explores success factors for implementing e-governance in Singapore, among them
integration is very important. 17 barriers to integration were identified in the categories of
technology, strategy, policy and organization. It highlighted that there is a need to involve
stakeholders in change management and strategic planning. It was only a decade ago that the concept
of e-governance came into limelight in developing countries. For example, Singh, G., Pathak, R.D.,
Naz, R. and Belwal, R. (2010) discusses that Egovernance in India, Ethiopia and Fiji can bring in
simple, moral, answerable, reactive, and transparent (SMART) governance.

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 According to the study, based entirely on citizen perception, Egovernance initiatives can be used as
an effective tool to improve policies and processes to increase capability, responsiveness,
accountability and transparency and to bring down corruption in the countries. Governments in
Ethiopia and Fiji are not interested in government-citizen partnerships and thus are non-transparent.
However, for India, government and citizens are awakening to the challenges of e-governance but
still service delivery is non-transparent with possibility of corruption.

Tripathi, R., Gupta, M.P., (2014) talks about growth of e-governance in India. It stresses on the need
to achieve integration stage before transaction stage for one-stop government portal. Kalsi, N.S. and
Kiran, R. (2015) explores the role of ICT in achieving good governance in Punjab, India, the critical
success factors responsible for it and barriers to it. People in Punjab trust in delivery of e-services via
ICT. However, lack of infrastructure, delay, inconvenience caused by repeated visits are the major
factors causing harassment to people.

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 CHAPTER 4

4.3: INTERPRETATION AND DATA ANALYSIS

Q-1) Are you aware of Digital India Project?

a) yes 70
b) no 12
c) indifference 18

Interpretation:
The above pie chart shows the percentage of awareness of ‘Digital India Project’.
70 out of 100 (i.e.70%) respondents are aware about the Digital India Project.
12 out of 100 (i.e12%) respondents have no idea about Digital India Project &
18 out of 100 (i.e.18%) respondents have just heard the name ‘Digital India

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 Q-2) Do you think digital India Project will uplift the standard of living?

a)yes 93
b)no 7

Interpretation:
The above pie chart shows that ‘Digital India Project’ will uplift the standard of living or not?
93 out f 100 (i.e.93%) respondents think that ‘Digital India Project’ will uplift
the standard of living &
7 out of 100 (i.e.7%) respondents think that ‘Digital India Project’ will not able to uplift the
standard of living.

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 Q-3) Do you want to live in a digitalized city?

a)yes 73
b)no 17
c)indifference 10

Interpretation:
The above pie chart shows the percentage between the respondents who want to
live in a digitalized, who don’t want to live in a digitalized city & indifference.

73 out of 100 (i.e.73%) respondents want to live in a digitalized city.

17 out of 100 (i.e.17%) respondents don’t want to live in a digitalized city &
10 out of 100 (i.e.10%) respondents are indifference

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 Q-4) According to you, what is the most important thing to convert India digitally?

a) Literacy to rural people 20

b) Digital Education 21
c) Both 54
d) Any other 5

Interpretation:
The above pie chart shows percentage of the most important thing to convert India Digitally
According to 20 out of 100 (i.e.20%) respondents, literacy to rural people is the most important
thing to convert India digitally.
According to 21 out of 100 (i.e.21) respondents, digital education is the most important thing to
convert India digitally &
54 out of 100 (i.e.54) respondents think both the things are equally important to convert India
digityally.
Whereas, according to 5 out of 100 (i.e.5%) respondents, equal taxation,
high investment, digital governance & IT talent are the most important thing to change India
digitally.

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 Q-5) Do you think rural people can able to adopt the digital change in our country?

a) Yes, they can 65

b) I don’t think so 35

Interpretation:
The above pie chart shows that rural people can able to adopt the digital changes or not.
According to 65 out of 100 (i.e.65%) respondents, rural people can able to
adopt the digital changes in the country &
35 out of 100 (i.e.35%) respondents think that rural people may not able toadopt the digital
changes easily.

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 Q-6) According to you, which sector will get developed most after digitalization in India?

a) IT Sector 35
b) Educational Sector 18
c) Service Sector 27
d) Rural Sector 20

Interpretation:
The above pie chart shows the percentage of the sectors which will get developed most after
digitalization in India.
According to 35 out of 100 (i.e.35%) respondents, IT sector will get
developed most after digitalization in India.
18 out of 100 (i.e.18%) respondents think Education sector will get developed most after
digitalization in India.
27 out of 100 (i.e.27%) respondents think Service sector will get developed most after
digitalization in India
20 out of 100 (i.e.20%) respondents think rural sector will get developed
Most after digitization in india

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 Q-7) After digitalization, which area will become more convenient to you as
compare to their current services?

a) Reservation 15
b) Banking 11
c) Electricity/Water facilities 17
d) Educational institutes 46
e) Any other 11

Interpretation:
The above pie chart shows percentage of the areas which will become more
convenient to people as compare to their current services, after digitalization.
1. .According to 15 out of 100 (i.e.15%) respondents, reservation will become more convenient after
digitalization.
2. .11 out of 100 (i.e.11%) respondents think banking will become more
convenient to them after digitalization.
3. 17 out of 100 (i.e.17%) respondents think electricity/water facilities will
become more convenient to them after digitalization, as compare to their
current services.
4. 46 out of 100 (i.e.46%) respondents think educational institutes will become more convenient after
digitalization, as compare to their current services.
5. Whereas, according to 11 out of 100 (i.e.11%) respondents, all the 4 areas
will become equally convenient as compare to their current services.

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 Q-8) What is your idea of ‘Digital India.’?

a) Internet connection in every rural area 23

b) Digitalization of all government work 20
c) Free wifi at all public places 41
d) Digital Literacy 11
e) Any other 5

Interpretation:
The above pie chart shows the percentage of respondent’s idea of ‘Digital India’.

 23 out of 100 (i.e.23%) respondent’s idea of a digital India is internet

connection in every rural area.
 20 out of 100 (i.e.20%) respondent’s idea of a digital India is digitalizatation of all
government work.
 41 out f 100 (i.e.41%) respondent’s idea of a digital India is free wifi at all public places.
 11 out f 100 (i.e.11%) respondent’s idea of a digital India is digital literacy.
 Whereas, 5 out f 100 (i.e.5%) respondents’ idea of a digital india is all of the above options.

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 Q-9) What rating would you give to this ‘Digital India Project.’?

a) Excellent 24
b) Good 63
c) Fair 9
d) Poor 4

Interpretation:
The above pie chart shows the rating of ‘Digital India Project.’
 24 out of 100 (i.e.24%) respondents rating for ‘Digital India Project’ is
Excellent.
 63 out of 100 (i.e. 63%) respondents rating for ‘Digital India Project’ is Good.
 9 out of 100 (i.e.9%) respondents rating for ‘Digital India Project’ is Fair.
 4 out of 100 (i.e. 4%) respondents rating for ‘Digital India Project’ is Poor.

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 Q-10) Do you think ‘Digital India Project’ will get success?

a) Agree 62
b) Disagree 8
c) Indeiffrence 30

Interpretation:
The above pie chart shows success of ‘Digital India Project’ according to
respondents.
 62 out of 100(i.e. 62%) respondents agree that ‘Digital India Project’ will be successful.
 8 out of 100(i.e. 8% respondents disagree about the success of ‘Digital India Project.’
 Remaining 30 out of 100(i.e. 30% respondents are indifference about the
success of ‘Digital India Project.’

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 CHAPTER 5
5.1 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

1. Most of the people are aware of Digital India Project.

2. Digital India Project will going to uplift the standard of living.
3. People want to live in a city where every work is digitalized.
4. Literacy to every other rural people and providing digital education is very
important thing to convert India Digitally.
5. Rural people can able to adopt the digital changes only if they will be given proper guidance of
digital literacy & knowledge.
6. IT sector will get employment opportunity because this project requires people with fresh IT skills.
There is going to be vast change in development in service sector as well as rural sector.
7. After digitalization, educational institutes will become more convenient as compare to their current
services.
8. Availability of free Wi-Fi at all public places is the idea of Digital India according to most of the
people.
9. According to most of the people, Digital India Project has been rated ‘good.’
10. According to people, Digital India Project will get great success.

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 5.2 RECOMMENDATION

 Indian government need to start providing digital literacy to every other citizen.
 To create impact of Digital India to be realized, we have to use technology to solve problems
faced by Indians and for that we need a very strong culture of grounds-up frugal innovation in
IT.
 Our recommendation to the government would be to set up PPP forums in each of these
segments to invite industry to participate in areas where they have the domain expertise and
interest.
 The government has set the stage with a strong vision and an equally strong show of will to
make it happen. What we need now is for them to focus on setting the right policy
frameworks and processes that make it easy for industry to do business in India and
encourage us to participate in India’s journey towards becoming a digital India.
 What is needed now is an unprecedented focus and the will to make it happen across both
government and industry.
 The one area where this kind of a model is needed with a high level of urgency is in
developing the culture of innovation in India.
 The government must encourage open global standards that will enable India to benefit from
the best technology worldwide.
 The government should also focus on sustainable development and basic facilities of rural
area before providing them digital services. These two have to go hand-in-hand.
 The numbers are mind boggling, but they can be achieved, especially as rapid pace of
innovation is increasingly making technology more favorable for mass scale adoption, which
is a must for the successful realization of Digital India.
 It is recommended that every citizen must realize that such an important and enormous vision
cannot be the government’s job alone. We have to be an equal partner in this journey.

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 5.3 CONCLUSION

Most of the people are aware of Digital India. From the survey, we have concluded that Digital India
Project will definitely uplift the standard of living. People want to live in a digitalized city as it will
provide better lifestyle through digital services. Rural area people will also be able to adopt the
digital changes only if government of India will provide the proper training and digital literacy.
Without a proper digital training, it will be difficult for the Indians to get comfortable with digital
changes in the country.Digital India will be providing lots of job opportunities and will help in
reducing unemployment from the country. Specially IT people will get a good opportunity to
showcase their technical skills.

The job will be mostly white collar job which will raise the standard of living in the country. Service
sector will also undergo vast change as people will able to get all the work done digitally. The time
taken to complete each task will reduce to minimum. It is possible that after digitalization, there will
be Net- Zero imports in the economy by 2020. GDP of country will also be effected by this project.
This project will definitely bring prosperity & upgradation to country but certain drawbacks are there
as it is fully related to technology. Security may become the matter of concern. Other than this, the
error in the system may be lead to a serious problem. People have lots of expectations towards this
project. Government of India has to stand upon the expectations

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 5.4 APPENDIX

I Pawan singh student of valia college of commerce persuing Bachelor of management studies. I
would like to take the survey for my project on ‘Digital India’.
Thank you for taking the time and effort to respond to this questionnaire. Please give
your most candid and thorough response to the questions below. Rest assured that
the information you share here is confidential.

Name:
Age:
Gender:
Occupation:
If student, please mention your stream:
(Note: Please mark the suitable option according to you.)

Q-1) Are you aware of Digital India Project?

a) Yes
b) No
c) I’ve just heard the name.

Q-2) Do you think digital India Project will uplift the standard of living?
a) Yes
b) No

Q-3) Do you want to live in a digitalized city?

a) Yes
b) No
c) Indifference.

Q-4) According to you, what is the most important thing to convert India digitally?
a) Literacy to rural people.
b) Digital education.
c) Both.
(If any other pleases mention):

Q-5) Do you think rural people can able to adopt the digital change in our country?
a) Yes they can.
b) I don’t think so.

Q-6) According to you, which sector will get developed most after digitalization in
India?
a) IT sector.
b) Educational sector.
c) Service sector.
d) Rural sector.

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 Q-7) After digitalization, which area will become more convenient to you as compare
to their current services.
a) Reservation.
b) Banking.
c) Electricity/Water facilities.
d) Educational institute.
(If any other pleases mention):

Q-8) What is your idea of ‘Digital India.’?

a) Internet connection in every rural area.
b) Digitalization of all government work.
c) Free Wifi at all public places.
d) Digital literacy.
(If any other please mention):

Q-9) What rating would you give to this ‘Digital India Project.’?
a) Excellent.
b) Good.
c) Fair.
d) Poor.

Q-10) Do you think ‘Digital India Project’ will get success?

a) Agree.
b) Disagree.
c) Indifference
Thank You.

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 5.5 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Kalsi, N.S. and Kiran, R. (2015), “A strategic framework for good governance through egovernance
optimization: A case study of Punjab in India”, Program: electronic library and information systems, 49(2), 170-
204, DOI 10.1108/PROG-12-2013-0067 Koh, C.E., Prybutok, V.R., Ryan, S. and Ibragimova, B. (2006),

“The importance of strategic readiness in an emerging e-government environment”, Business Process

Management Journal, 12 (1), 22-33, DOI 10.1108/14637150610643733 Lam, W. (2005), “Barriers to E-
Government Integration”,

The Journal of Enterprise Information Management, 18 (5), 511-530, DOI 10.1108/17410390510623981

Schware, R. and Deane, A. (2003), “Deploying e-government programs: the strategic importance of 'I' before
'E' ”, Info, The journal of policy, regulation and strategy for telecommunications, information and media, 5(4),
10 – 19.

Singh, G., Pathak, R.D., Naz, R. and Belwal, R. (2010), “E-governance for improved public sector service delivery
in India, Ethiopia and Fiji”, International Journal of Public Sector Management, 23(3), 254-275. DOI
10.1108/09513551011032473

Tripathi, R., Gupta, M.P., (2014), “Evolution of government portals in India: mapping over stage models”,
Journal of Enterprise Information Management, 27(4), 449-474, DOI 10.1108/JEIM-09-

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