Islamic Scholarly Tradition

 Islam covers entire aspect of life. Intimate knowledge of Allah. Purify after relieving
 Reason for Nabuwat

Islamic Scholarly Tradition

 Body of Prophet’s Teachings

 Development, Preservation, Transmission and practice of hadith.

Ahkam Defining Scholarly Tradition

 5 Articles of faith. (Tawhid, Angels, Books, Prophets, Qiyama)

 Self discipline and Self strength. (Backbiting, Love of the world)
 Conduct Arising from words. (Ibadat/ Worship - Family law, Trade & Finance, Oaths, Crimes,
Constitutional and Administrative Matters, International Law)

Division of Scholarly Tradition

 The Theological Tradition-( Mutakallimeen)

 The Spiritual Tradition- (Auliya-e-Kamileen and Saliheen)
 The Legal Tradition (Fuqaha)

Four Periods of Scholarly Tradition

 Lifetime Of The Prophet

 The Age Of The Sahaba
 The Age Of The Tabi’in
 The Age Of The Taba-Tabi’in

Legal Tradition Consists of

 Shariah Laws
 Making of those Laws

Scholarly Tradition during the lifetime of Holy Prophet

 Prophet was the lawmaker on basis of revealation and on basis of instances which happened at
the time
 Revelation can either be Quranic (Recited) or Sunnah (Not recited)
 Sunnah example can be order of Holy Quran which was revealed to the prophet only
 Sunnah And Quran
 Sunnah may consist of rules that merely confirm and reiterate the Qur`an
 Sunnah may contain explaination of Laws in Quran
 Sunnah can rule where Quran is Silent
 When No Sunnah or Quran
 Expert Legal opinion is taken where Sunnah and Quran are silent known as Tafaqquh
 Can be done by someone Understanding of the Din 
 A Fulltime Activity 
  A Specialist Activity – Not everyone will do this activity 
 Rest of the people will Follow the Specialists in Legal Rulings

Scholarly Tradition During Sahaba

 Mutual Consultation on Matters

 Referred to Consensus
 Passed rulings on base of Qiyas
 Example – Punishment of 80 Lashes for drinking alcohol during Hazrat Ali’s time

Scholarly Tradition During Tabain

 Tabain were students of Sahaba

 Tabi’in took up the role of Teachers

Developments in Scholarly Tradition till Tabain

 Sense of Continuity in the Knowledge being passed down No Longer Undisputed

 The Piecing Together of Knowledge – No Longer Specialist Students
 Encounter with Differences in Opinions of their Tabi’in Teachers
 Fabrication and Textualization of Hadith (transformation from
 Sunnah to Hadith)
 Conflicting Ahadith
 Mutually Contradictory Passages in the Qur`an

Scholarly Tradition During Taba Tabain

 A need for Ascertaining Authenticity and Making Sense of Differences and Multiplicity
 A need to Interpret and Understand the tradition
 A need to come up with Methods to help do so
 Formation of Halaqas of different famous legal specialist