AE4238: Aero Engine Technology 27th January 2012

Name : ________________________________

Student Number:_________________________

Instructions

1. Please fill in your name and student number correctly.

2. Apart from the given formula sheet, it is not allowed to use other information!
3. Please note that the values of constants and the formulas are provided at the end of formula
sheet.
4. Please write the answers clearly. Unclear calculations/answers will be considered as wrong
answers.
5. Make appropriate assumptions if required. Specify these assumptions boldly in your answer
sheets.
6. You are not allowed to bring your own formula sheet
7. You are not allowed to write anything on the formula sheet

Please observe the above mentioned rules carefully. Non compliance can result in lower or no
grade!

TASK-1 Multiple Choice Questions (10marks)

Q1. Using an inter turbine burner results in

a. Increase in specific thrust and decrease in SFC

b. Decrease in specific thrust and increase in SFC
c. Decrease in specific thrust and decrease in SFC
d. Increase in specific thrust and increase in SFC

Q2. Advanced new generation fighter aircraft like F22 have super cruise capability. This is primarily
due to the fact that

a. Supercruise reduces infrared signatures

b. Supercruise reduces specific fuel consumption
c. Supercruise increases specific thrust
d. All of the above

Q3. Which of the propulsion systems has the highest propulsive efficiency

a. Turbofan Engine
b. Geared Turbofan Engine
c. Turbojet
d. Open Rotor

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Q4. In turbomachinery, what is meant by flow coefficient

a. It is the amount of mass flow through the component

b. It is the ratio of mass flow to the axial velocity
c. It is the ratio of axial velocity to the tangential velocity
d. It is the ratio of axial velocity to the relative velocity

Q5. In a turbine, what does degree of reaction indicate?

a. It is the ratio of enthalpy drop within the rotor and stator

b. It is the ratio of reaction with the flow achieves within the rotor and stator
c. It is the ratio of axial velocity to the tangential velocity
d. All of the above

Q6. What is (are) the advantage (s) of a turbine designed with a low degree of reaction ( < 0.5) as
compared to a high degree of reaction?

a. Low tip leakage flow

b. Low axial forces on the rotor
c. Less number of stages
d. All of the above

Q7. The net thrust of a turbofan engine

a. Increases with flight speed

b. Decreases with flight speed
c. Remains constant with flight speed
d. None of the above

Q8. The SFC of a turbofan engine

a. Increases with flight speed

b. Decreases with flight speed
c. Remains constant with flight speed
d. None of the above

Q9. The net thrust of a turbofan engine

a. Increases with flight altitude

b. Decreases with flight altitude
c. Remains constant with flight altitude
d. None of the above

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Q10.The SFC of a turbofan engine

a. Increases with flight altitude

b. Decreases with flight altitude
c. Remains constant with flight altitude
d. Decreases till tropopause and then increases

TASK-II

Q1. Why is afterburning a thermodynamically inefficient way of increasing thrust in a mixed turbofan
engine. (1 mark)

Q2. Explain the two main mechanism that produce contrails (1 mark)

a.
b.

Q3. The probability of contrail formation within the atmosphere is influenced by some atmospheric
parameters and aircraft parameters, name at least two of them (1 mark)

a.
b.

Q4. What are the three main reasons of pressure drop in a combustion chamber zone (1.5 marks)

a.
b.
c.

Q5. Which are the main design parameters that can lead to a decrease in the specific fuel
consumption of a turbofan engine. (1.5 mark)

a.
b.
c.

Q6. NOx causes global warming as well as global cooling. Explain the mechanisms (2 marks)

a.
b.

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Q7. Explain briefly what are the main advantages and disadvantages of a geared turbofan
architecture as compared to a conventional architecture (2 marks)

Advantages of a geared turbofan architecture

a.
b.
c.
d.

Disadvantages of a geared turbofan architecture

a.
b.
c.
d.

Q8. A conventional gas turbine combustion chamber is dived into three zones: Primary zone,
secondary zone and tertiary/dilution zone. Describe at least two main functions of the primary zone
(2 marks)

a.
b.

Q9. Draw a graph showing the variation in NOx and CO with thrust setting for an aeroengine (2
marks)

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TASK-III

Q1. Draw the velocity triangle at the inlet and exit of the rotor for the compressor stage shown
below. ( 3 marks)

Q2. Draw the T-S diagram of a gas turbine with an intercooler between LPC and HPC. What are the
main advantage and disadvantages of having an intercooler in a gas turbine engine? ( 3 marks)

Advantages
a.
b.

Disadvantages
a.
b.
c.

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Q3. Explain the Rich burn Quick quench Lean burn (RQL) combustion concept (shown below) used in
gas turbines to reduce NOx (3 marks)

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Q4. The variation of thrust with ambient temperature in presence of various limiters is shown below.
Explain the figure shown below (3 marks)

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TASK-IV (12 marks)

For an aircraft engine F100, the following details are given regarding to the first stage of HPT:
• Diameter of blade root : 0.6 m
• Diameter of blade tip : 0.75 m
• Shaft speed: 15000 rpm
• The direction of the absolute entry and exit velocity of the stage is axial across the complete
blade height
• The axial component of the gas velocity is constant through the complete stage
• Stator blade exit angle with respect to axial direction (α2): 70 degrees
• The first stage turbine inlet temperature : 1700 K
• The flow coefficient : 0.5

1. Sketch the velocity-tri-angles at the mean blade height, and mention the values for velocities and
angles
2. Determine the degree of reaction at mean blade height
3. Calculate the specific power
4. Calculate the first stage turbine exit temperature
5. Calculate the loading factor

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