Bahria University, Islamabad

Department of Computer Science

BS IT 6B
Assignment Number 1
Submitted By; Malik Waqar Younis (01-235162-026)

Question No 1
According to “stats counter” android is mostly used operating system in the world with
37.55% share in OS market while Windows operating system holds just 1.89% less share
than android and is at 35.6%. As android is usually used as Mobile operating system and
Windows is used in PC so there is equal demand of both of the operating systems but
designing and development of mobile operating systems bring some challenges with itself
which are;

 Mobile phones have less storage capacity than PC’s although some manufacturers
are developing phones with high specs but still most of the phones in market has
problem of storage so mobile operating system has to designed and developed in a
way that it could tackle this challenge efficiently.
 Battery capacity of mobile phones is always been the big problem and operating
system needs to be designed in a way that it could use less energy and produce more
work.
 Most of the mobile phone users need multitasking in their devices and to fulfil this
need multicore processors are also being installed in mobile phones so biggest
challenge here for OS is to effectively use those multi processors and provide
multitasking to users.
 Security is another big challenge due to increase threats of cybercrime.
 There are huge number of devices with different screen aspect ratio, different
orientation, size and specification are available in market, mobile OS must be able to
work on these devices by utilizing the maximum resources of particular device.
 More and more AI capable application are being developed for devices, an operating
system must be capable of running these kind of applications on device.

Question No 2
Open source operating system has many advantages for programmers and students as they
are able to update, modify or view code . Lots of people work on open source operating
system for debugging, updates, customization and ease of use which brings updates earlier
than traditional operating systems where only limited number of people work on updates
and maintenance. Open source operating systems are free too which gives advantage to
people of third world countries to use genuine copies of operating system instead of illegally
downloading paid operating system and populating the devices with computer viruses in
process of illegally activating system. Commercial operating system companies usually do
not like the competition that open source operating systems bring because these features
are difficult to compete against. Some open source operating systems do not offer paid
support programs. Some companies avoid open source projects because they need paid
support, so that they have some entity to hold accountable if there is a problem or they
need help fixing an issue.

Question No 3
Scenario
In order to prevent the program to stuck in infinite loop and not returning the control back
to operating system the OS gives a particular time to a process by using timer, after that
certain time OS generate interrupt, terminate that process and take back the control.

Question No 4
Set value of timer, Clear memory, turn off interrupts, modify entries in device status table
and access I/0 device should be privileged.