BIRLA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE, PILANI, K-K BIRLA GOA CAMPUS FIRST SEMESTER, 2012-2013, TEST 1 MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION (EEE C432/INSTR C481) DATE: 15/09/12 MAX. MARKS: 20 DURATION: 60MINS. 1. a. Define static sensitivity with the help of a diagram and define the static sensitivity of zero-order, first order and second order instruments. [2.5] b.Explain the concept of input impedance in the context of the bio-medical sensors! transducers (2.5) 7 Deve: te Gauge factor for strain gauges and interpret the various factors that contribute to the change in resistance in strain gauges in case of metals and semiconductors. (2.3) b. Explain the operation of fiber opties [2.5] 3. a, Explain the operation of a Schmitt trigger with proper diagrams and Derive necessary formulas for the same as a proof of concept. [2.3] b. What is gain bandwidth product and how is it helpful in designing the instruments? 2.5] 4. Explain the reactions and processes involved in the polarization and depolarization of the biological cells for a stimulus and also explain about the various states of an excited cell after the excitation. {5}BIRLA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE, PILANI, K.K BIRLA GOA CAMPUS FIRST SEMESTER, 2012-2013 TEST 2(CLOSED BOOK) MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION (EEE C432/INSTR C481) DATE: 28/10/12 MAX. MARKS: 20 DURATION: 60MINS. Ql a) List out the characteristics of the AC and DC operational amplifiers 2] b) What are the parameters that can introduce errors in the parameter measurement from the source and from the amplifier’s side in medical instrumentation? Provide suitable examples for both using proper circuit diagrams. 13] Q2) a) Mention the major differences in the analog front end of the clinical and laboratory equipments. Provide the advantages and disadvantages of the equipments because of the identified differences 2) b) Explain the necessity of pre-amplifier circuit in Medical instrumentation and functionality of the same with the help of circuitry. [3] Q3) a) Explain the lumped parameter model of the catheter sensor system and explain the necessity of understanding the same for measurement. 7 [2.5] b) Identify the possible artifacts in the cardiac electric signal measurement and using simple block diagrams explain how they are removed in the ECG system. [2.5] Q4) a) Explain the operation of the Impedance pneumograph and the limitations of the same. Identify the methods using which the limitations are removed. [2.5] b) How cross sensitivity issue like temperature drift is removed in the airway flow measurement systems. Explain with proper diagram. [2.5]BIRLA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE, PILANI, K.K BIRLA GOA CAMPUS FIRST SEMESTER, 2012-2013 COMPREHENSIVE EXAMINATION (CLOSED BOOK) MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION (EEE 432/INSTR C481) MAX. MARKS: 80 WEIGHTAGE:40% DURATION: 180MINS. Qi) a) Draw the block diagram of the medical instrumentation system encompassing the latest technology developments with any suitable example b) List all the complexities involved at each stage of medical instrumentation provided in part (a) with an appropriate example in terms of measurement, signal conversion, safety(patient and instrument), and information gathering& processing. Provide diagrams and equations at appropriate places [5 +10} Q2) Explain in detail the characteristics of the electrode-electrolyte interface explaining various potentials generated at the interface.Provide equations at suitable places with an example. 15 Q3)A particular applicetion requires the measurement of the respiration rate using strain gauge(s). a) Provide necessary circuit diagram that measures the respiration rate. Make required ‘assumptions and justify how the design measures the rate. b) Identify and provide the proof using which the linearity of the circuit provided in part a can be increased and temperature compensation is also considered. (6+4] 4) Explain various methods of Non ~ invasive diagnostic measurement in the medical instrumentation in detail. “[10) Qs) a) Draw the circuit diagrams of various leads used in ECG and Wilson's central terminal b) Show that the voltage in lead aVR is 50% greater than that in lead VR(signal between RA and Wilson’s central) at the same instant [a+6] Q6) a) Explain the relationship between IMRR and CMRR using appropriate circuit diagrams b) Explain the reasons for macroshock hazards and methods of removal of the same using diagrams. [4+6)