3/31/2019 Chapter-15_Homework

Chapter-15_Homework
Due: 1:59pm on Monday, March 11, 2019
You will receive no credit for items you complete after the assignment is due. Grading Policy

Microbiology Animation: Host Defenses: Overview

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Then answer the questions.

Part A
A response that is uniquely directed against pathogenic Bordetella pertussis would involve what component?

ANSWER:

Antibodies

The complement system

Inflammation

Skin barrier

Correct

Part B
First line defenses have what aspect in common with each other?
ANSWER:

They involve the production of antibodies.

They are physical barriers against invading pathogens.

They involve unique cells that attack invading pathogens.

They recognize specific pathogens.

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3/31/2019 Chapter-15_Homework

Correct

Part C
Both the innate and adaptive defenses of the immune system work to prevent
ANSWER:

colonization by pathogens.

penetration by invading pathogens.

disease.

the penetration and colonization by pathogens, and the diseases they cause.

Correct

Part D
If a new bacterial pathogen entered a human body through an accidental needle stick, the first cell that would try to kill the
pathogen would likely be

ANSWER:

an antibody-producing cell.

a phagocyte.

a cytotoxic T cell.

Correct

Microbiology Animation: Complement System: Activation

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3/31/2019 Chapter-15_Homework

Then answer the questions.

Part A
Which of the complement pathways employs properdin?
ANSWER:

Classical pathway

Alternative pathway

Lectin pathway

Alternative and lectin pathways all employ properdin.

Classical, alternative, and lectin pathways all employ properdin.

The classical and alternative pathways both require properdin.

Correct

Part B
In the classical pathway, which of the following directly activates cellular responses?
ANSWER:

C3a and C5a

C3a, C5a, and C5bC6C7

C5bC6C7

C4aC2bC3b

C3b

C2aC4b

Correct

Part C
Antibodies from cellular immune responses are used in
ANSWER:

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3/31/2019 Chapter-15_Homework

the classical pathway.

the alternative pathway.

both the classical and alternative pathways.

the lectin pathway.

Correct

Part D
Which of the complement pathways was discovered first?
ANSWER:

The classical pathway

The alternative pathway

The lectin pathway

Correct

Part E
Which of the following are functions of lectins?
ANSWER:

They attach to carbohydrates on some bacterial and viral surfaces.

They act as opsonins for phagocytosis, they attach to carbohydrates on some bacterial and viral surfaces, and
they activate C2 and C4.

They can activate C2 and C4.

They produce antibodies.

They produce factor P (properdin).

They act as opsonins for phagocytosis.

Correct

Microbiology Animation: Inflammation: Steps

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3/31/2019 Chapter-15_Homework

Click here to complete this activity.

Then answer the questions.

Part A
What direct effect do histamines and leukotrienes have on capillaries?
ANSWER:

They allow capillary walls to open and become leaky.

They prevent phagocytes from sticking to the walls of capillaries.

They decrease the diameter of capillaries.

Correct

Part B
Emigration is
ANSWER:

the increase in the diameter of blood vessels.

the production and release of chemicals during inflammation.

the migration of phagocytes through blood vessels to the site of tissue damage.

the attachment of phagocytes to the walls of capillaries.

Correct

Part C
Why is vasodilation important to tissue repair?
ANSWER:

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3/31/2019 Chapter-15_Homework

It allows more nutrients to be delivered to the site of damage.

It allows for an increase in oxygen to the site of damage.

It allows for an increased delivery of oxygen, nutrients, and phagocytes to the site of damage.

It allows more phagocytes to travel to the site of damage.

Correct

Part D
Pus is comprised of

ANSWER:

collected cells from damaged tissue.

excess fluid from leaky blood vessels.

unused histamines and leukotrienes.

dead phagocytes.

Correct

Part E
Which of the following can release histamines?

ANSWER:

Wood from a splinter

Cells from damaged tissues and the complement pathway

Cells from damaged tissues

Invading bacterial cells

The complement system

Correct

Microbiology Animation: Phagocytosis: Mechanism

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3/31/2019 Chapter-15_Homework

Click here to complete this activity.

Then answer the questions.

Part A
What does the plasma membrane of a phagocyte attach to on a microorganism?

ANSWER:

Glycoproteins

Lysosomes

Pseudopods

Phagosomes

Correct

Part B
The process by which a phagocyte moves toward a chemical signal at the site of an infection is called
ANSWER:

chemotaxis.

digestion.

elimination.

exocytosis.

adherence.

Correct

Part C
Which of the following phagocytic processes occurs last in the sequence?
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3/31/2019 Chapter-15_Homework

ANSWER:

Chemotaxis of the phagocyte to the site of infection

Adherence

Formation of the phagolysosome

Exocytosis

Correct

Part D
What is the role of opsonins?

ANSWER:

They are present on the surface of phagocytes.

They attract phagocytes to the location of infection.

They aid in the formation of the phagolysosome.

They create "handles" that make it easier for the pseudopods of phagocytes to attach to the microbe invader.

Correct

Part E
What is a phagolysosome?

ANSWER:

A vesicle containing only digestive enzymes and other antimicrobial compounds.

The structure that results from the fusion of a phagosome and a lysosome.

A vesicle containing only an engulfed invading microorganism.

A protein that covers the surface of an invading microbe, making it easier for the phagocyte to ingest.

Correct

Score Summary:
Your score on this assignment is 100%.
You received 2 out of a possible total of 2 points.

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