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Quadratic equation is a polynomial equation of order two. The general form of the
quadratic equation is
𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏 + 𝑐
with
𝑎≠0
The letters a, b and c are called coefficients: the quadratic coefficient a is the coefficient of
𝑥 2 , the linear coefficient b is the coefficient of x, and c is a constant coefficient also called
interest-free.
KUADRATIS FORMULA
Kuadratis formula is also known by the name 'abc formula because it is used to
calculate the roots of a quadratic equation that depends on the values of a, b and c of a
quadratic equation. The formula in question has the form
−𝑏 ± √𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
𝑥1,2 =
2𝑎
This formula is used to find the roots of a quadratic equation when it is stated that
𝑦=0
The formula will be obtained from the roots of the equation, so the original equation in the
form
𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐
can be written into
𝑦 = 𝑎(𝑥 − 𝑥1 )(𝑥 − 𝑥2 )
From this last equation can be also written two relationships have been generally known,
namely
𝑏
𝑥1 + 𝑥2 = −
𝑎
and
𝑐
𝑥1 . 𝑥2 = −
𝑎
PROVING THE QUADRATIC FORMULA
𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0
for both sides to get a = 1
𝑏 𝑐
𝑥2 + 𝑥 + = 0
𝑎 𝑎
𝑐
Move to the right-hand side
𝑎
𝑏 𝑐
𝑥2 + 𝑥 = −
𝑎 𝑎
thus completing the square technique can be used on the left.
𝑏 2 𝑏2 𝑐
(𝑥 + ) − 2 = −
2𝑎 4𝑎 𝑎
𝑏2
Move − to the right-hand side
4𝑎2
𝑏 2 𝑏2 𝑐
(𝑥 + ) = 2 −
2𝑎 4𝑎 𝑎
then equate the denominator on the right.
𝑏 2 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
(𝑥 + ) =
2𝑎 4𝑎2
Both sides diakar (raised to half), so mark the squares on the left is missing, and the plus-
minus sign appears on the right.
𝑏 √𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
𝑥+ =±
2𝑎 2𝑎2
𝑏
Move + to the right-hand side
2𝑎
𝑏 √𝑏2 −4𝑎𝑐
𝑥=− ±
2𝑎 2𝑎2
−𝑏 ± √𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
𝑥1,2 =
2𝑎2
Persamaan Kuadrat
Persamaan kuadrat adalah suatu persamaan polinomial berorde dua. Bentuk umum dari
persamaan kuadrat adalah
𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏 + 𝑐
dengan
𝑎≠0
Huruf-huruf a, b dan c disebut sebagai koefisien: koefisien kuadrat a adalah koefisien dari
, koefisien linier b adalah koefisien dari x, dan c adalah koefisien konstan atau disebut juga
suku bebas.
Rumus ini digunakan untuk mencari akar-akar persamaan kuadrat apabila dinyatakan bahwa
Dari rumus tersebut akan diperoleh akar-akar persamaan, sehingga persamaan semula dalam
bentuk
.
Dari persamaan terakhir ini dapat pula dituliskan dua hubungan yang telah umum dikenal,
yaitu
dan
𝑏 2 𝑏2 𝑐
(𝑥 + ) = 2 −
2𝑎 4𝑎 𝑎