MUSIC

Music is…
- A beautiful sound
- Something that makes people feel
comfortable
- Wonderful sounds of rhythm
- Beats mixed together to make a song
- Entertainment
- Sounds made by instruments
- A thing that portrays culture and
creativity
-It is an art that deals with sound
arranged in an orderly and logical
way that makes sense to the
listeners.
 Music
Appreciation
Music Appreciation- the
acquired ability to listen to
music intelligently
3 Important Considerations
1. The ability to appreciate
music is not inborn.
2. It may be acquired by anyone
who makes up his mind to do
so.
3. Conscious effort or
intellectual activity is also
involved.
Tips in Appreciating
Music
1. Use all your senses
- Sense of sight
- Sense of touch- need to feel the
emotions in the composition
- Sense to taste- music has flavor in
it
- Sense of smell- what is the fragrant
of the music
2. Try best not to discriminate
other genre of music
3. Feel the mood of the music
4. Experience music by playing
it, singing it, dance with it, or
simply listen to it
5. Use music in many ways
Mediums of Music
1. Vocal medium. Voice is the
most personal & direct of all
instruments as it comes from
within the body.
2. Musical Instruments
String instruments.
Instruments produce tone
by means of a bow to
horsehairs drawn across the
strings. (violin, viola,
violincello, doublebass).
Woodwind instruments. Blown by
the player. The pitch of the notes
are altered by shortening or
lengthening the column of air
vibrating inside the instrument.
(flute, clarinet).
Percussion instruments.
Sound is produced by hitting the
instrument with stick or by striking
or shaking their parts. (xylophone,
cymbals, chimes, harp, piano, organ).
 Elements of Music

- As with all the arts, Music has its own

language called the Elements of Music.
Pitch.
The degree of highness of
lowness of a sound. It is
determined by the vibrations or
frequency.
Melody.
It is an orderly succession of tones or
musical sounds. It consists of a series of
pitches and duration. A melody may be
compared with a sentence in which words
have been arranged in certain two or more
melodic lines simultaneously played
is counterpoint.
Rhythm.
The flow of music in terms of time.
Aspects:

a. Beat- the steady pulse you feel in music.

The length of a note is measured in beats

b. Tempo: is the speed of a song.

Largo: is slow speed; Andante:
is walking; Allegro: is fast
Rhythm---length of notes and rests in music

Quarter note=1 beat Half note= 2 beats

Dotted half=3 beats Whole= 4 beats

1/8 note = ½ beat (2 8th notes = 1 beat)

1/16 note= ¼ ( 4 16th notes= 1 beat)

Quarter rest=1 beat Half Rest= 2 beats

Whole Rest= (do nothing for the whole measure or 4 beats)

8th rest= ½ rest

Loudness (Dynamics or
Volume).
- the volume within the song
- anything with a “p” in music
means soft
p is soft (piano)
pp is very soft (pianissimo)
-anything with an “f” means loud (forte)
ff means very loud (fortissimo)
m= medium (mezzo) NEVER used by
itself:
mp= medium soft (mezzo piano)
mf= med. loud (mezzo forte)
pp<ff crescendo gradually getting louder
ff>pp decrescendo (or diminuendo)
gradually getting softer
Timbre.
(Tone color or quality).
-refers to the tone quality or as color
is to art.
Form.
-It is the organization of sounds as
revealed through patterns in
music.
- The shape or structure of
something. The way that
music is organized
History of Classical Music
Traditions
Music is found in every known
culture, past and present,
varying wildly between times
and places.
Scientists conclude that
music is likely to have been
present in the ancestral
population prior to the
dispersal of humans around
the world.
It may have been in existence
for at least 50,000 years and
the first music may have
been invented in Africa and
then evolved to become a
fundamental constituent of
human life.
Music genre - a categorical and
typological construct that
identifies musical sounds as
belonging to a particular
category and type of music that
can be distinguished from other
types of music
- A certain type or category of
something.
1. Art Music
- refers to classical music or
others listed at list of art music
tradition (including non
European classical music)
- may also include certain
forms of jazz (even though jazz
is primarily a form of popular
music).
2. Popular music
- music
belonging to any of a number of
musical styles that are accessible
to the general public and are
disseminated by one or more of
the mass media.
3. Traditional music
- the modern name for what
used to be called “Folk music”
- "Folk music" was expanded to
include a lot of non-traditional
material.
Oral Transmission:
-The music is passed down, or
learned, through singing and
listening and sometimes dancing
Cultural basis:
-The music derives from and is
part of the traditions of a
particular region or culture.
Other music genres
1. Alternative Music
-an umbrella term that refers to
an age of music spanning from
the late-1980s to the mid-1990s.
-the now-famous R.E.M. were
given their first glimmers of
fame on MTV.
2. Bluegrass
- many agree that it started after
World War II.
- An offshoot of Country music,
relying on a variety of stringed
instruments such as the acoustic
guitar, and upright bass to
produce its characteristic tone.
Themes of bluegrass songs are
similar to Country music, usually
focusing on the timeless nature
of the land and its people, rather
than modern advancements.
2. Bluegrass
- The Bluegrass Boys, a band
formed by Bill Monroe in the
late thirties, who some consider
to be the pioneer of this
particular genre.
3. Blues
- The Blues has its roots in
African-American folksongs,
adding in some European
melodies.
3. Blues
- It is usually played with guitar,
banjo, and the harmonica using
techniques from other genres,
such as the gospel technique of
call-and-response, and the
trademark 12-bar rhythm. - An
offshoot of Country music.
Example: song by Tracy
Chapman called "Give Me One
Reason".
4. Contemporary Christian
Music
-The roots of Contemporary
Christian Music are undeniably
from the Jesus movement at the
tail-end of the sixties.
-In the 80’s stand-out Christian
music artists began to emerge,
like Amy Grant.
5. Country Music
- country has roots in Scots-Irish
heritage. Most believe that a mix
of European folk songs, with
African-American blues has
created the basic 'formula' of
country as we now know it.
- Garth Brooks, Brooks and Dunn,
and Reba McEntire
6. Disco Music
-The image of Disco is forever
immortalized in the Saturday Night
Fever movie poster as John Travolta
struck the famous 'disco pose'.
-Its style was conceived from
traditional African-American genres
such as R&B, funk, and soul
Disco Stars: Donna Summer
('Hot Stuff'), CHIC ('Le Freak'),
and The Village People
('YMCA'), whose songs are
anthems of the disco era.
7. Funk Music
-an offshoot of R&B music that
emphasized the finer points of Jazz
and Soul.
-One of the greatest influences of
funk was the new emphasis on the
bass guitar, an instrument hardly
used in rock bands of that era.
- Larry Graham of Sly and the
Family Stone.
- James Brown, whose loud
vocals and emphasis as heard in
songs such as “Papa’s Got a
Brand New Bag” paved the way
for even more hit songs in the
late 1960s
8. Gospel Music
- a reference to a musical style
that takes its roots from African-
American Christian celebrations.
8. Grunge Music
-term Grunge was coined by Mark
Arm, who later formed the popular
group MudHoney in an attempt to
describe this type of music.
-characterized by its strong guitar,
deliberate distortion, and angst-
ridden lyrics.
9. Heavy Metal Music
-Speedy beat, strong electronic guitar
riffs, and an over-emphasis on
volume.
-Metal's style began with groups like
Led Zeppelin and Black Sabbath.
- Jimi Hendrix was one of the greatest
Heavy Metal influences, due to his
out-of-control use of the guitar.
10. Jazz Music
- evolved from the Blues, but is
generally a lot more upbeat and
laid-back.
-most will claim that its greatest
influence stemmed from New
Orleans.
10. Jazz Music
-One of the great Jazz bandleaders
of that time was Paul Whiteman,
who became known as "The King
of Jazz".
11. Opera Music
-music to which a theatrical
dramatic performance is set.
-While opera music may not be
appeal to everyone, it has a
dedicated following of fans who
enjoy nothing more than a night at
the opera.
12. Punk Music
-Punk isn't just a genre of music
but an entire culture. Slang made
the term “punk” a reference to a
juvenile delinquent
-The songs often discussed similar
issues of the Heavy Metal genre
such as the plight of the
underprivelged and war.
13. Rap and Hip Hop
-Hip Hop and Rap, terms that are
often used interchangeably, usually
center around the urban culture of
the inner city
-Hip hop is now an umbrella term
that describes African-American
music with a speedy beat that is
good for dancing.
14. Reggae Music
-Jamaican Reggae is a product of
both R&B and Ska. As was the
case with Ska, some have said that
Jamaican music was the direct
result of bad radio reception.
-Bob Marley, is considered a
legend
15. Regional Music
-refers to music that has
specifically developed in a
particular area and is played
mostly in that native region.
- The music will often feature
instruments unique to that area.
16. R & B Music
-It used to be that rock and roll
record companies would describe
R&B as 'race music' simply
because of the artists being
African-American.
-R&B thrived in the 1950's
-modern artists: Usher to Britney
Spears
17. Rock 'n Roll
- is a generic term, and can refer to
music such as R&B, soul, funk,
punk, heavy metal, hip-hop,
alternative, grunge, and more.
-coined by a Cleveland DJ, and
was used to describe a new sound
of music that featured a strong
back beat and electric guitars.
18. Ska
- The birth of Ska was the result of
many influences of other genres.
-Some believe that much Jamaican
music is merely the result of badly-
tuned radios, and the inability of
reception for various jazz and
R&B songs eventually became
Jamaican music
18. Ska
- Some say that ska has hit its
peak, but its influence still
remains. One of the biggest bands,
The Toasters, still tours today.
19. Soul Music
-refers to the sound that stemmed
from the commercialization of the
R&B industry.
-Sam Cooke was one of the first
of these Soul musicians
19. Soul Music
-Out of the greatest soul hits
came from Aretha Franklin,
whose cover of Otis Redding's
"Respect" earned her the
honorary title of the "Queen of
Soul".