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e.g. a boy e.g.

an egg
a one-way road an old car
a European an hour
a uniform an MTR train

- No se usa cuando nos referimos a Iglesias, escuelas, prisiones, hospitales y otros lugares
públicos de reunión en cuanto a su uso genérico como tal.
She goes to school / Ella va a la escuela (es una colegiala)
He is in hospital / Él está en el hospital (ingresado)

- No se usa con los meses, estaciones del año, semanas, años, etc cuando tomamos como
referencia el tiempo actual y con los días de la semana y horas
He came in July / El vino en julio
She came in spring / Ella vino en primavera
On Saturday / El sábado
At half past five / A las cinco y media

- el artículo determinado no se usa cuando nos referimos a personas. (Suele emplearse el


tratamiento como precedente).
Mr Epi / el Sr. Epi
King Arthur / el Rey Arturo
Lord Craig / el Lord Craig

- Cuando nos referimos a países u otros términos geográficos con nombres propios.
England / Inglaterra Sesamo Street / Calle Sesamo New York / Nueva York

Fill in the gaps with a - an.

cake ostrich airplane cat

watch pencil alligator snake

apple egg snowman elephant

shoe icecream train sheep

yacht bird owl ant

yarnbug car brush bear


1. Complete the text below using either a, an or the.

Today is ________ very important day; it's my birthday! I have sent ________
invitations, _________ birthday cake is on _________ table and I am getting ready.
I choose _________ dress to wear and then put on my shoes. It's _________ beautiful
day, _________ sun is shining and there's not _________ cloud in _________ sky.
I can't wait for everyone to arrive. In less than _________ hour, the party will begin.
I look out _________ window and see _________ girl, but she's not one of my friends.
Where is everyone? I hope they are all coming. _________ doorbell rings, I open
_________ door but see only _________ present wrapped in pink paper with
_________ orange bow…
Be - Present Tense
The verb "be" is the most important verb to learn in English. It's also the most
complicated. In the present tense it has three forms: am, is, are. In the past tense, it has
two forms: was and were. The verb "be" is also used to make the passive voice.

Subject + verb
Singular Plural

I am We are
You are You are
He is
She is They are
It is
write it out in your notebook by hand

Subjects: I, you, he, she, it, we, and they… "You" is singular or plural.
After the subject, the verb "be" changes to am, is, or are.
Listen and write it out in your notebook by hand

I am a teacher

You are a student.

He is a man.

She is a woman.

It is an apple.

We arepeople
You arestudents.

They areworkers.

Lesson Two.
To make the verb “Be” Negative, add the word “Not”.

Subject + (be) + not


Singular Plural

I am not We are not


You are not You are not
He is not
She is not They are not
It is not
Listen and write in your notebook.

I am not a student. I'm a teacher.

You are not a teacher. You are a student.

He is not outside. He's inside.

She is notangry.She's happy.

It is not a chair. It's an apple.

We are not students. We are a family.


You are not a family. You are students.

They are not students. They are workers.

Listen and write it out in your notebook by hand contractions:


.

The nonstandard form of the verb "be" in English is ain't. I don't recommend the use of
"ain't," but you will hear it used among native speakers.
Lesson Three
Be - Present Tense Questions. Yes-No Questions: (Be) + Subject + ____?

Listen and write it out in your notebook by hand

Am I a teacher? (Yes, you are.)

Are you a student? (Yes, I am.)

Is he a student? (Yes, he is.)


Is she a student? (Yes, she is.)

Is this a house? (Yes, it is.)

Are we in class? (Yes, you are. )

or

(Yes, we are.)

Are you busy?

(Yes, we are.)

Are they happy?

(Yes, they are.)

Write some Yes/No questions on the board. Complete with Am – Is – Are


Quiz: Making questions with the verb "be" in the present tense

Part A. Part C.

Directions: Complete each question with the verb "be" in the Directions: Complete each sentence with the verb "be" and the
present tense (am, is, or are). (10 points) correct pronoun. (10 points)

1. __________ you a student? 1. __________ __________ at work today? (a woman)

2. __________ the test today? 2. __________ __________ outside? (children)

3. __________ the students in the classroom? 3. __________ __________ online? (first person, singular)

4. __________ I early? 4. __________ __________ hot outside? (the weather)

5. __________ this a good book? 5. __________ __________ on the phone? (a man)

6. __________ your hands clean? 6. __________ ___________ ready? (first person, plural)

7. __________ Bina at work today? 7. __________ __________ any fun? (a game)

8. __________ we on time? 8. __________ __________ charged yet? (batteries)

9. __________ you tired? 9. __________ ___________ any good? (a salad)

10. __________ that clock right? 10. __________ ___________ angry at me? (a person I talk to)
Part B. Part D.

Directions: Complete each question with the verb "be" in the Directions: Make a question with the verb "be" in the preset
present tense (am, is, or are) after the question word. (10 tense Use the picture to the right for ideas. (10 points)
points)

1. Where ___________ I?
1. ________________________________________?

2. When ___________ the movie on?

3. Why ____________ you here?


2. ________________________________________?
4. How ___________ you?

5. What __________ it?


3. ________________________________________?
6. Who ___________ that?

7. What time __________ it?


4. ________________________________________?
8. How many books ___________ on the shelf?

9. How much ___________ the ticket?


5. ________________________________________?
10. How cold ___________ the drinks?
 Complete the sentences with the correct Wh-word .

1. are you excited? because I have birthday today.

2. are you today ? I’m fine ,thank you.


3. is your coat ? in the bedroom
4. is she at the moment? at home

5. is your birthday ? in September


6. is Mr. Bean ? 55 years old

7. is that woman? She is our sport teacher.


8. are they working? in the book shop
9. apples do you have ? three apples
10. are the children? in the swimming pool
11. is Rita doing ? She is watching TV now.
12. does your car cost ? 2.000 $ dollars
13. time is it ? It’s nine o’clock.
14. are the kids sad? because they don’t go to the
cinema.
15. is the party? at 5 o’clock
16. friends do you have? I have two good friends.
17. do they go to school? by bus
18. do you eat lunch? in the afternoon
19. is on the desk? a new notebook
20. is in the kitchen? my little brother

Match the questions to the answers.

1. Where is your house? a. because I'm sick.

2. How are you? b. spaghetti.

3. When is the school c. on Herzl Street.


party?

4. Why are you home d. I'm great,thank


today? you.

5. Who is your best friend? e. Anna

6. What is your favorite f. on July 15th


food?
La pronunciación de los verbos regulares en pasado
Los verbos regulares en pasado en inglés siempre terminan en -ed. Hay tres posibles
pronunciaciones de este sufijo según la letra que viene justo antes de -ed.

Grupo 1: Como id en hid


Para el primer grupo de verbos, el sufijo -ed se pronuncia como id en la palabra hid . Es muy fácil
identificar los verbos en este grupo porque la letra que viene justo antes del sufijo -ed siempre es
una d o una t .

Veamos algunos ejemplos de los verbos en este grupo. Toma en cuenta que para la pronunciación
dada en la tercera columna, la sílaba escrita en mayúsculas es la que se enfatiza más.

Verbos que terminan en ted


Forma básica Forma en pasado Pronunciación
want wanted WAHN-tid
visit visited VIH-sih-tid
start started STAR-tid
hate hated HEY-tid
rent rented REHN-tid
arrest arrested uh-REHS-tid
accept accepted ek-SEHP-tid
eliminate eliminated ee-LIHM-ih-ney-tid
repeat repeated ree-PEE-tid
create created cree-EY-tid
debate debated dee-BEY-tid
paint painted PEYN-tid
note noted NO-tid
vote voted VO-tid
rate rated REY-tid
Algunos verbos de los tres grupos sufren cambios ortográficos al añadirles el sufijo -ed a la forma
básica.
Verbos que terminan en ded
Forma básica Forma en pasado Pronunciación

need needed NEE-did

decide decided dee-SIY-did

add added AH-did

provide provided pro-VIY-did

crowd crowded KROW-did

end ended EHN-did

fold folded FOL-did

La forma en pasado de los verbos del Grupo 1 siempre tiene dos o más sílabas. Esto se debe al
hecho de que, para los verbos de este grupo, las terminaciones tedy ded siempre caen dentro de su
propia sílaba.

Grupo 2: Como la t en cat


Para el segundo grupo de verbos, el sufijo -ed se pronuncia como la t en la palabra cat . Pero, ¿por
qué? Porque la última letra antes de -ed en los verbos de este grupo produce un sonido sordo, un
sonido en el que no vibran las cuerdas vocales.

Sonidos sordos:-Ciertas letras y ciertos grupos de letras en inglés tienden a producir un sonido
sordo, que se escucha un poco como el siseo de un gato. Algunas de estas letras y combinaciones
son: c , k , p , ch , ck , gh (como en rough ), sh y ss . Veamos algunos ejemplos de los verbos en
este grupo.
Forma básica Forma en pasado Pronunciación
place placed PLEYST
like liked LIYKT
walk walked WAHKT
talk talked TAHKT
park parked PARKT
help helped HELPT
watch watched WAHCHT
pack packed PAKT
laugh laughed LAFT
wash washed WASHT
push pushed PUSHT
cash cashed CASHT
pass passed PAST
miss missed MIHST
Como se ve en la tabla anterior, muchas de las formas en pasado de los verbos en este grupo tienen
una sola sílaba. La palabra walked , por ejemplo, se pronuncia como WAHKT (una sílaba), y nunca
como WAHK-id (dos sílabas).

Grupo 3: Como la d en bed


Para el tercer y último grupo de verbos, el sufijo -ed se pronuncia como la d en la palabra bed . Esto
es porque la última letra antes de -ed en los verbos de este grupo produce un sonido sonoro, un
sonido en el que sí vibran las cuerdas vocales.

Sonidos sonoros
Ciertas letras y ciertos grupos de letras en inglés tienden a producir un sonido sonoro, que se
escucha un poco como el motor de una moto o como el zumbido de una abeja. Algunas de estas
letras y combinaciones son: b , g , i , l , m , n , r , v , y , z y gh (como en sigh ).

Forma básica Forma en pasado Pronunciación


rob robbed RAHBD
hug hugged HUGD
cry cried CRAYD
die died DAYD
play played PLEYD
scream screamed SCREEMD
loan loaned LOND
roar roared RORD
save saved SEYVD
daze dazed DEYZD
sigh sighed SAYD

Como se ve en la tabla anterior, muchas de las formas en pasado de los verbos en este grupo tienen
una sola sílaba, igual que los verbos en el segundo grupo. La palabra played , por ejemplo, se
pronuncia PLEYD (una sílaba), y nunca PLEY-id (dos sílabas).

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