EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT FOUNDATION AND STRUCTURE FOR

RECREATIONAL CENTER

ENGLISH 9 /THURSDAY 7:00AM - 10:00AM

GROUP

Background of the Study

The 2015 Gorkha earthquake sequence confirmed that buildings are the most
lethal hazards in times of earthquakes; a detailed damage assessment of more than 200,000
buildings, conducted by NSET in the immediate aftermath of the Gorkha earthquake,
revealed that more than 95% of the people killed during earthquake were inside buildings.
This evidence clearly shows the importance of intervention for improving seismic
performance of buildings, existing and new.

Seismic design provisions and guidelines are the basis for reduction of potentially
devastating losses of life and property from earthquakes. Six tragic earthquakes since
1985, affecting Mexico, Armenia, the United States, Japan, Turkey, and Taiwan, caused
combined property losses exceeding $320 billion and loss of lives exceeding 143,900.
These losses emphasize the need to improve the earthquake resistance of the built
environment in zones of high seismic risk.

The last decade of the twentieth century saw an unprecedented series of

improvements in seismic design provisions and guidelines developed and implemented in
over the world. These improvements, stimulated by important lessons learned from
recent earthquakes, are based on recent evaluations of seismic hazard, advances in
technology, and new concepts involving performance-based design. They provide a new
set of standards for earthquake-resistant design, construction, and retrofit for application
in regions with seismic hazard levels ranging from high to very low.

In 1992, Congress enacted the code derives its mandate from the National
Building Code of the Philippines. The code prescribes requirements which, if followed,
ensure that buildings will not sustain major structural damage when an earthquake
strikes. In effect, it protects homeowners and building occupants. It is developed and
updated regularly by the ASEP and is approved by the Department of Public Works and
Highways (DPWH), the national government agency mandated to enforce structural
standards in the Philippines. years after the Casiguran Earthquake destroyed the Ruby
Tower in Manila. It was later revised by former President Ferdinand Marcos in 1977
through Presidential Decree No. 1096, which allowed updating of structural standards
without a need for new legislation. Updates are integrated by the ASEP when hazard
scenarios, which are not yet factored in when the previous versions of the code were
drafted, crop up. Since 1972, the Structural Code has been updated 6 times. The present
NSCP was written in an “ultimate strength basis.” This means structures following the
code should be able to withstand earthquakes with magnitudes 8 to 9 on the Richter scale,
according to engineer Cesar Pabalan, National Director of Philippine Institute of Civil
Engineers and former ASEP President.

One of the most amazing earthquake-proof structure is the Philippine Arena, the
world's largest domed arena. It is owned by the religious group the Iglesia Ni
Cristo (INC) who has commissioned this 55,000 seating capacity arena for their 100th
founding anniversary three years ago on July 27, 2014. It is the centerpiece of the tourism
enterprise zone called Ciudad De Victoria in Bulacan, Philippines. Philippine Arena's vast
stadium roof, spanning165m in the shortest direction, was engineered to withstand
severe transient loadings such as earthquakes, winds, and typhoons. During an
earthquake tremor, the lateral loads that generate throughout the structure can be up
to 40% of its mass. The gap between the main structure and base foundation system is
composed of lead rubber bearings (LRB) which are a flexible arrangement of materials
with high energy dissipation properties. This allows the base and foundation system to
freely move with the earthquake force while the top structure remains stationary during
dynamic actions.

Indeed, Improving the earthquake resistance of existing buildings is a major

obstacle to the reduction of future earthquake losses worldwide. Recent efforts in the
Philippines have also led to the development and implementation of new standards and
guidelines for existing buildings based on performance-based design concepts applicable
to most building types in regions with different seismic hazard levels. Ongoing
implementation of these provisions together with those for concrete frame and wall
construction is expected to have a significant impact on losses to existing buildings from
future earthquakes in our nation.

As citizens of the Philippines where plate sits along the Pacific ring of fire, the
world's most notorious and active chain of earthquake fault lines. Previous earthquakes
in the country has surmounted up to 8.2 Mw and have claimed thousands of lives because
of poor structures and seismic design of the buildings where that most lethal hazard in
times of earthquakes.

We’ve decide to proposed “EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT FOUNDATION

AND STRUCTURE FOR RECREATIONAL CENTER” since Recreational Center is
a building that is open to the public place for recreational activities needed to insure the
structural safety and makes everyone dangerous free when earthquakes occur.