Modified Procedure for Experiment 5: Rate and Order of a Chemical

Reaction

1. Before the start of the experiment, you will have to calibrate the gas
pressure sensor and the temperature probe (if used). Set up the
experiment as shown below. You will set up this experiment four different
times at four different temperatures, 10oC, 25oC (room temperature), 35oC
and 50oC. For 10oC, you must use an ice water bath to lower the
temperature. For 25oC, you do not need to immerse the Erlenmeyer flask
setup into any water because it is room temperature. For both 35oC and
50oC, you have to use a hot water bath so the set-up has to be immersed
into water that has been heated on a hot plate. Check the temperature
with a thermometer or you can use a temperature probe. If you use a
temperature probe, you must calibrate it first.

Figure 1

2. Weigh a known quantity 0.01g of calcium carbonate and place it in the

flask.
Modified Procedure for Experiment 5: Rate and Order of a Chemical
Reaction
3. Place the flask in a water bath and connect a Gas Pressure sensor to
Channel 1 of the Vernier Computer interface. Connect the interface to
the computer using the proper cable.

4. Through a second hole in the stopper, add 1.5 mL of 1.0 – 2.0 M

hydrochloric acid using the 5mL syringe.

5. Start the Logger Pro program on your computer.

6. Prepare to run the reaction and collect pressure data.

7. Gently shake the flask and click to begin the data

collection. Gather data till the pressure does not change.

8. Repeat the experiment at least three more times at the different

temperatures.

9. The data should contain pressure-time graphs for four different

temperatures at which the reaction was performed. Make sure to
save all 4 runs because your data will be processed using the
Logger Pro application.

10. Record the initial pressure and the final pressure for each run at
each temperatures.

11. Include in this section all graphs of raw data, and construct a table
to display raw data and experimental uncertainties.

II. Transforming Data using Logger Pro

1. You will create a new calculated column and make sure to choose the
appropriate run that you will use from the drop down box. Name the
column Run 1 10oC and the short name 10oC.

2. You will have to add an equation to calculate the data. Press functions
and choose ln. ln () will show up. You will add a parenthesis so now you
have ln((). In between the closed parenthesis you will type the final pressure
for run 1. Subtract under parameters, choose pressure. Example: ln((650-
Pressure). You will then divide by the final pressure so ln((650-Pressure)/650).
Press done. All of the values for Run 1 will be calculated and you can then
plot your graph.

3. The graph that you want to plot is ln[PfCO2-PiCO2)/ PfCO2] vs. time. Do a
Modified Procedure for Experiment 5: Rate and Order of a Chemical
Reaction
linear regression of the graph and get the slope of this line. It will give you –k.
Slope=-k. Right click, the analysis box and add uncertainty to the data. Do
a print screen and copy graph to a WORD document names Run 1 10oC.

4. You will repeat the transformation of data for all temperatures.

5. Once you have k for all temperatures, you will plot the ln k vs.
Temperatures. The slope will give you the ability to solve for Ea. Slope=-Eq/R
where R is a constant for gas pressure. You will calculate the activation
energy or Ea for the experiment. (Do this calculation before you leave lab. It
must be signed off by either Dr. Stubbs or Dr. Morris).

III. Tables and Graphs

1. You will have a data table with all raw data included. Final pressure,
initial pressure, temperature, amount of CaCO3, amount of HCl, slope
and y-intercept along with uncertainties.
2. The second data table will include the k’s at each temperature, the
temperatures, ln k.
3. You should have 4 graphs at each temperature where ln[PfCO2-PiCO2)/
PfCO2] is plotted on the y-axis and time is plotted on the x-axis. Each
graph will have a linear fit with slope and y-intercept data plus the
uncertainties.
4. You will have a final graph with ln k on the y-axis and temperature on the
x-axis. You will do a linear fit to this graph and the slope and y-intercept.
Use this slope to calculate the activation energy. This can be done in
Excel.
5. Make sure that you have 2 data tables and 5 graphs included in your lab
report. Make sure to label each graph and table with the appropriate
caption.

IV. Calculations
Show calculations for ln[PfCO2-PiCO2)/ PfCO2], ln k, and activation
energy in your lab reports.