Air Cooled Inverter Chiller

Training
Technical Training
Technical

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Content

9 Product Lineup & Features

9 Components
9 Schematic diagram
9 Inverter technology
9 Control Algorithm
Training
Technical Training

9 Chiller Panel Controller

9 Self diagnosis & Troubleshooting
Technical

9 Installation

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Product Lineup & Features
Training
Technical Training
Technical

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Product Lineup

5ACV100/135/210
5ACV100/135/210 CR
CR
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Technical Training

5ACV55/75
5ACV55/75 CR
CR
Technical

5ACV30
5ACV30 CR
CR

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Capacity

Capacity (kW)
Model
Cooling Heating
5ACV030CR 7.94 9.66
5ACV055CR 14.65 16.12
5ACV075CR 20.52 21.99
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Technical Training

5ACV100CR 27.80 29.30

5ACV135CR 38.54 41.47
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5ACV210CR 58.62 61.55

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Features
New Technology BPHE- True Dual Circuits

Conventional Back to Back Circuits BPHE

Secondary Circuit
Primary Circuit 1 Primary Circuit 2
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5ACV True Dual Circuits BPHE

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Primary Circuit 1 Primary Circuit 2

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Features
Inverter Compressor
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Technical Training

Conventional System
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Inverter System

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Features
Higher Seasonal EER
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Technical Training

Inverter is based on ESEER due to part loading (25%-50%-75%-100%).

Technical

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Features
Elimination of Water Tank
Inverter system provide constant Water Temperature band, or much lesser water
temperature fluctuation. With this, water tank of mini chiller system can be
eliminated

Modular Installation
A network up to 50 chillers in a system is possible. Control on the operation of
chillers will be done through the microprocessor controller. The external water
piping connection can be made either from the left or right side of the unit.
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Technical Training

Safety Protection
• High & Low Pressure Switches
• Anti Freeze Protection Sensor
• Discharge Temperature Sensor
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• Water Pressure Differential Switch
• Anti Freeze Heater on BPHE
• Compressor, Water Pump Overload

• Over Pressure Relief Valve Protector

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Components
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Technical Training
Technical

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Components
Fan guards Coil guards

Variable speed
fan motors
(100%, 70% &
50%)

Heat exchangers
with gold fin as
standard

True dual circuits BPHE

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Technical Training

(Brazed plate heat

exchanger)
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Control box Expansion Water pump

assembly tank ( 8L)

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Components

High pressure switch

(NC) 600 psi – open, EXV (Electronics
480psi – close. expansion valve

Low pressure switch

(NC) 18 psi – open, Chiller panel
28 psi – close. controller
Differential pressure
switch 4 Way valve

Over pressure relief

valve Fixed speed
scroll
Anti freeze heater on compressor
Training
Technical Training

BPHE
(R410A)
Pump OLP (overload
protector) Variable
speed scroll
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Compressor OLP
(overload protector)
compressor
Variable drive system Fixed drive system (R410A)
compartment compartment

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Components
Control box assembly
Uni- 3 phase
directional rectifier PTC starter Fan
(Positive temperature
bridge diode bridge diode coefficient) capacitors

IPM board
(Intelligent power module)

Power board
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Technical Training

Capacitor Main board EMI filter

board Magnetic
PFC capacitor
(Power factor correction) contactors
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Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Schematic diagram
Training
Technical Training
Technical

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Schematic diagram
Inverter chiller schematic diagram
Cond In Cond Out
5ACV100CR Temp 1 Temp 1
(Condenser) (Def Comp 1)
Condenser Coil 1
HP1
Filter
4WV Drier
Disch
Temp 1 LP1
EXV
(Disch Comp 1)
Suct O/A Temp
Temp (Outdoor Air)
(Suction) BPHE Out BPHE In Liq Rvr
Temp Temp
Inv (BPHE Out) (BPHE In)
Comp Acc
Pump
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EWT (Water In)

BPHE FS
HP2 LWT (Water Out)
Cooling Cap Tube Summary Pages-
4WV Screen 3
Disch
Temp 2 LP2 Check valve
(Disch Comp 2) Display Menu-
Defrost Sensor
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Liq
Rvr Filter Display Menu-
Drier Inverter Chiller
Cond Out
Std Temp 2 Heating Cap Tube
Comp Display Menu-
Acc (Def Comp 2)
Condenser Coil 2 Discharge Sensor
Check valve

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Inverter technology
Training
Technical Training
Technical

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Inverter technology
What Inverter can do for us ?

Conventional
System

Inverter System
Training
Technical Training

• Less Start & Stop • Fast Cooling/ Heating

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• Smart Loading/ Unloading

• Better Compressor Reliability

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Inverter technology
Brief Introduction on Inverter Technology
Inverter basic structure
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Technical Training

Inverter control technology convert AC supply to DC

and convert it back to AC. The frequency & voltage of
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each phase can be controlled and applied on

asynchronous motor for variable load control.

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Inverter technology
Rectification circuit
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Technical Training

• To minimize emission effect (EMC) and raise immunity

level (EMS), a LC filter is used.
• PTC resistor acts to cushion start up current to capacitor.
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• Diode bridge inverts AC to DC.

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Inverter technology

DC stage
Training
Technical Training

• PTC capacitor acts to restraint PF losses caused

Technical

by fluctuation of DC voltage.

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Inverter technology
Inversion circuit
Training
Technical Training

• Inversion circuits consists of 6 IGBT. (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor)

• By controlling the linkages, different frequency and 3 phase AC voltage
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can be generated.
• IPM (Intelligent Power Module) encased the inversion circuitry, error
detection & protection features.
Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Inverter technology
SPWM ( Sine pulse width modulation )
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Technical Training

By computing the on-off frequency and timing of IGBT, a

series of output voltage pulse widths can be integrated to
form a sine wave for application on VVVF. (Variable Voltage
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Variable Frequency)

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Inverter technology
VVVF (Variable voltage variable frequency)

• Every inverter chiller has its typical characteristic and VVVF (variable
Training
Technical Training

voltage variable frequency) curve.

• To control Asynchronous motor, it is desirable to maintain magnetic
Technical

flux for torque requirement.

• Excessive of magnetic flux will cause excitation and diminish the flux.
• To maintain optimum flux, the voltage varies with frequency.
Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Control Algorithm
Training
Technical Training
Technical

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Control Algorithm
Variable Drive Compressor Control
Cooling mode
Start up condition :
• Pump runs normally for 2 minutes * For example :
Return water temp.= 14 to 16 °C
• 2°C ≤ T – T ≤ 4°C Set temp = 12°C
water return set
ΔT = 2 to 4°C

• No irreversible errors in variable drive and the systems

Training
Technical Training

• Satisfy a delay of 3 minutes before restart #

Note : If fixed drive system starts first, the variable drive system should
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trail after 30 sec.

* Depends on Parameter P2 (flow switch alarm delay at pump start. Min 0s, max 199s, default 120s )
#
Depends on Parameter C2 (compressor min stop time. Min 0s, max 1990s, default 180s)

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Control Algorithm
Cooling mode
Cooling mode selected Æ water pump starts Æ Outdoor
fan starts Æ variable drive compressor starts

Increase to rated
Rated Freq. frequency with the
5ACV100CR=75Hz rate of 1Hz/s
5ACV135CR=95Hz

55Hz

5Hz Inverter compressor will

start from 5Hz to 55Hz
t and maintain this
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frequency for 1 min.

3 min 5 sec 1 min
Variable drive comp ON
OFF
ON
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OFF
Outdoor fan

Outdoor fan will start 5 sec

before compressor start

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Control Algorithm

Cooling mode

Shut down condition :

• Cooling mode terminates, OR

• Variable drive system error occurs, OR

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•T water return – T set ≤ -2°C

For example :
Return water temp.= 10°C
Set temp = 12°C
ΔT = -2°C
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Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Control Algorithm
Heating mode
Start up condition :

• Pump runs normally for 2 minutes *

For example :
Set temp = 40°C
• 2°C ≤ T set - T water return ≤ 4°C Return water temp.= 36 to 38 °C
ΔT = 2 to 4°C

• No irreversible errors in variable drive and the systems

Training
Technical Training

• Satisfy a delay of 3 minutes before restart #

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Note : If fixed drive system starts first, the variable drive system should
trail after 30 sec.
* Depends on Parameter P2 (flow switch alarm delay at pump start. Min 0s, max 199s, default 120s )
#
Depends on Parameter C2 (compressor min stop time. Min 0s, max 1990s, default 180s)

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Control Algorithm
Heating mode
Heating mode selected Æ water pump starts Æ Variable drive 4WV
engages Æ Outdoor fan starts Æ compressor starts Increase to rated
frequency with the
rate of 1Hz/s
Rated Freq.
5ACV100CR=65Hz
5ACV135CR=90Hz
Inverter compressor will
45Hz
start from 5Hz to 45Hz
and maintain this
5Hz
frequency for 1 min.
Training

t
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3 min 10 sec 1 min

Variable drive comp ON

OFF
ON
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Variable 4WV OFF

ON
OFF
Outdoor fan

Variable drive 4WV start 10 5 sec Outdoor fan will start 5 sec
sec before compressor start before compressor start

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Control Algorithm
Heating mode

Shut down condition :

• Heating mode terminates, OR

• Variable drive system error occurs, OR

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Technical Training

•T set - T water return ≤ -2°C For example :

Set temp = 40°C
Water return temp = 42°C
ΔT = -2°C
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Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Control Algorithm
Fixed Drive Compressor Control
Cooling mode
Start up condition :
• Pump runs normally for 2 minutes * For example :
Water return temp = 16°C
•T water return – T set > 4°C Set temp = 12°C
Fixed drive starts first followed by variable drive ΔT = 4°C

• No irreversible errors in fixed drive and the systems

Training
Technical Training

• Satisfy a delay of 3 minutes before restart #

Note : If variable drive system starts first, the fixed drive system will
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only start after the frequency of variable drive drops to 50Hz.

* Depends on Parameter P2 (flow switch alarm delay at pump start. Min 0s, max 199s, default 120s )
#
Depends on Parameter C2 (compressor min stop time. Min 0s, max 1990s, default 180s)

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Control Algorithm
Cooling mode
Cooling mode selected Æ water pump starts Æ Outdoor
fan starts Æ compressor starts
Fixed drive compressor
starts

ON
Fixed drive comp
OFF
3 min 5 sec 1 min
ON
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Outdoor fan
Technical Training

OFF

Outdoor fan will start 5 sec Outdoor fan will stop after
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before compressor start compressor has stopped for

1 min

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Control Algorithm

Cooling mode

Shut down condition :

• Cooling mode terminates, OR

• Fixed drive system error occurs, OR

Training

•T - T > 2°C and variable frequency drops pass 20Hz

Technical Training

set water return

For example :
Set temp = 12°C
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Water return temp = 10°C

ΔT = 2°C

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Control Algorithm
Heating mode
Start up condition :
• Pump runs normally for 2 minutes *
For example :
Set temp = 40°C
•T set - T water return > 4°C Water return temp = 36°C
ΔT = 4°C
• No irreversible errors in fixed drive and the systems

• Satisfy a delay of 3 minutes before restart #

Training
Technical Training

Note : If variable drive system starts first, the fixed drive system will
start after the variable drive frequency drops to 50Hz.
Technical

* Depends on Parameter P2 (flow switch alarm delay at pump start. Min 0s, max 199s, default 120s )
#
Depends on Parameter C2 (compressor min stop time. Min 0s, max 1990s, default 180s)

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Control Algorithm
Heating mode
Heating mode selected Æ water pump starts Æ Fixed drive 4WV
engages Æ Outdoor fan starts Æ compressor starts

Fixed drive compressor

starts

Fixed drive comp ON

OFF
3 min 10 sec 1 min
ON
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Variable 4WV 5 sec OFF

ON
Outdoor fan OFF
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Fixed drive 4WV start 10 sec Outdoor fan will start 5 sec Outdoor fan and 4WV will
before compressor start before compressor start stop after compressor has
stopped for 1 min

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Control Algorithm
Heating mode

Shut down condition :

• Heating mode terminates, OR

• Fixed drive system error occurs, OR

•T water return -T set > 2°C

Training
Technical Training

For example :
Water return temp = 42°C
Set temp = 40°C
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ΔT = 2°C

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Control Algorithm
Pump Control

Pump start up
When starting the system, pump will run for 2 minutes * before
proceeding to next step.

* Depends on Parameter P2 (flow switch alarm delay at pump start. Min = 0s, Max = 199s,
default = 120s)

Pump shut down

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Technical Training

After both compressors shut down for 1 minute, pump shuts down.
Technical

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Control Algorithm
Pump Control

System error

When errors occur in the system and require system to shut down,
the pump will shut down 1 minute after the system shuts down. If
compressor is not running, the pump shuts down immediately.

Note : When changing operating mode or when temperature reaches

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Technical Training

setting, pump continues to run.

Technical

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Control Algorithm
Auxiliary heater control (Info only)
Start up conditions
• System in heating mode AND Heating No error
• System no error alarm AND Running 1 hour ΔT >5°C
• After heating starts for 1 hour and
T set – T water return > 5°C For example:
Set temp = 40°C
The second time start up is not time –dependent. Water return temp = 34°C
ΔT = 6°C

Switch off conditions

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Technical Training

• System terminates heating mode OR

• Wired handset withdraws auxiliary heating command, OR
• System errors trigger alarm and require shut down, OR
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• When T set – T water return < 2°C

X ΔT < 2°CError
Heating

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Control Algorithm
EXV control (Electronic expansion valve)

• When system operates for the first time, EXV will operate to preset
openings.

• After system operates for 10 minutes, the EXV will preset to superheat
regulation for variable drive system.
Training
Technical Training
Technical

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Control Algorithm
4 way reversible valve control
Select heating mode 4 WV engage 5 sec Heating starts

Stop heating mode compressor stops 4 WV disengage 60 sec

• When selecting heating mode, 4 way valve will engage 5 seconds before
heating start up.
• When heating stops, 4 way valve will disengage 60 seconds after
compressor stops.

Compressor crankcase heater control

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Technical Training

• Fixed drive compressor crankcase heater is driven by the fixed

drive contactor (NC).
• Variable drive compressor crankcase heater is driven by main board
relay.
Technical

• Crankcase heater will be ON whenever compressors are not in

operation.

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Control Algorithm
Outdoor fan control

Control basic

• Fixed drive and variable drive outdoor fan are independently

controlled.

• During start up, fan operates at fixed speed. During operation, fans
operate at variable speed.
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Technical Training

• There are 3 fan speeds in High, Medium and Low fan speed.

• The High fan speed is 680 RPM and 3800CFM for each fan motor.
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• The ratio of fan speed is 100%, 70% and 50% respectively.

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Control Algorithm
Outdoor fan control
Fan control for Cooling
• Within 20 minutes of normal operation, when Te (Outdoor ambient temp.) ≥ 28°C, fan
operates at highest speed.
• Within 20 minutes of normal operation, when Te (Outdoor ambient temp.) <28°C, fan
operates at medium fan.
• After normal operation for 20 minutes, when 40°C < (Ta3, Tb2) < 48°C, the fan
operates to variable speed (PI regulation). The lower the temperature the lower the
speed.
Ta3, Tb2

Ta3 = condenser outlet temp. High fan zone

Training

(Variable drive system)

Technical Training

48°C
Constant fan speed PI control zone
Tb2 = condenser outlet temp. control zone
(Fixed drive system)
40°C
PI = program intelligent
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Te ≥28°C (High fan)

Te < 28°C (Med fan) Low fan zone

20 min

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Control Algorithm
Outdoor fan control
Fan control for Heating
• When Te (Outdoor ambient temp.) < 10°C, fan operates at highest speed.

• When 10°C ≤ Te (Outdoor ambient temp.) ≤ 12°C, fan operates at medium fan.
• When Te (Outdoor ambient temp.) > 12°C, fan operates at variable speed to PI
regulation. The higher the temperature the lower the speed.

Te Low fan
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Technical Training

PI control PI=program intelligent

12°C

Constant fan speed control zone

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(medium fan)
10°C
Constant fan speed control zone
High fan (high fan) High fan
t

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Control Algorithm
Outdoor fan control
Fan operation during defrosting

Defrost start Defrost end

70 Hz
Variable drive comp
30 Hz 30 Hz
Resume heating
mode
Variable 4WV
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Technical Training

Outdoor fan
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Fan stops 1 minute after the compressor stops.

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Control Algorithm
Anti freeze heater control
Anti freeze on/off control during system standby
• Runs when system in standby mode
• If Te (outdoor ambient temperature) ≤ 5°C and T water return ≤ 5°C, water pump
runs 5 minutes every hour and antifreeze heater will run on and
off together with the water pump.
• If T water return > 6°C water pump and antifreeze heater will stop.
• If Te ≤ 2°C and T water return ≤ 2°C, system enters heating mode
and returns to standby when T water return > 30°C
Training
Technical Training

Run 5 min/hr
Water pump ON

Antifreeze heater
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ON
°C
System enters 2 5 6 30
heating mode Water return temperature/Outdoor ambient temperature

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Control Algorithm
Anti freeze heater control

Anti freeze during cooling

• When T water leaving ≤ 5°C, antifreeze heater will operate until
T water leaving > 7°C.

• When T water leaving ≤ 3°C, alarm will set off until T water leaving > 5°C.
Training
Technical Training

Factory setting for

antifreeze heater = 5°C
Antifreeze heater
alarm set point = 3°C
ON
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°C
3 5 7
Water leaving temperature
Alarm on Alarm off

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Control Algorithm
Defrosting control
Automatic defrosting
Shall satisfying the below automatic defrosting condition for 3 minutes :
• Compressor operates continuously for at least the duration of the
defrosting interval. T = condenser outlet temp. a3
• When Ta3 or Tb2 ≤ 0°C * OR (Variable drive system)
T = condenser outlet temp. (Fixed
• When T water return > 18°C drive system)
b2

* Depends on Parameter D1 (Start defrost temperature. Min -20°C, max 14°C, default 0°C )

Note : Factory defrost interval depends on Parameter D4 (Defrost interval time).

Training
Technical Training

Intelligent defrost interval varies. Under Parameter defrost mode, Intelligent defrost is
set as default under DISABLE mode. Factory standard defrost will be activated when
the parameter is set to ENABLE.
Technical

Manual defrosting
Manual defrosting can be carried out when Ta3 or Tb2 < 7°C

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Control Algorithm
Defrosting control
Defrosting process
Variable drive defrosting process
• When defrosting conditions are met for variable drive, variable drive compressor stops
Æ outdoor fan stops Æ 4WV disengages Æ variable drive starts defrost at 90Hz.
• When variable drive defrosting terminates, variable drive compressor stops Æ 4WV
engages Æ outdoor fan starts Æ variable drive compressor starts Æ Resume heating
operation.
Defrost start Defrost end

90 Hz
Variable drive comp
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Technical Training

Resume heating
30 Hz 30 Hz mode

Variable 4WV ON
OFF
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Outdoor fan ON
OFF

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Control Algorithm
Defrosting control
Defrosting process
Fixed drive defrosting process
• When defrosting conditions are met for fixed drive, fixed drive compressor stops (15
sec) Æ outdoor fan stops (2 sec) Æ 4WV disengages (10 sec) Æ fixed drive compressor
starts defrost
• When fixed drive defrosting terminates, fixed drive compressor stops Æ outdoor fan
starts at high speed for 30 sec Æ 4 WV engages Æ Fixed drive compressor starts Æ
Resume heating operation.

Defrost start Defrost end

Resume heating
mode
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Technical Training

Fixed drive comp

ON
OFF
15 sec 10 sec 10 sec
Outdoor fan ON
OFF
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2 sec
4WV ON
OFF

2 sec 2 sec

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Control Algorithm
Defrosting control
Defrosting process

• As the outdoor fan ducts are independent, defrosting is independent,

system restricts defrosting of fixed drive and variable drive at the
same time.

• When either variable or fixed drive high pressure protection is

triggered, compressor will stop.
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Technical Training

• During defrosting, low pressure operation will not trigger protection.

Technical

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Control Algorithm
Defrosting control

Defrosting termination conditions

When either of the below condition is met, defrosting terminates :

• Ta3 or Tb2 > 14°C *, OR Ta3 = condenser outlet temp.

• Defrosting time exceed 10 minutes #, OR (Variable drive system)
Tb2 = condenser outlet temp. (Fixed
• T water return < 10°C drive system)
Training
Technical Training

* Depends on Parameter D2 (End defrost temperature. Min=0°C, max=40°C, default =14°C)

# Depends on Parameter D3 (Maximum duration of defrost cycle. Min=1min, max=40min,

default=10min)
Technical

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Control Algorithm
Defrosting control
Defrosting cycle self-adaptive adjustment
The next defrosting cycle depends on that of the previous.
1. Defrosting time < 2 minutes, next cycle 120 minutes
2. Defrosting time 2 to 4 minutes, next cycle 80 minutes
3. Defrosting time 4 to 6 minutes, next cycle 60 minutes
4. Defrosting time 6 to 8 minutes, next cycle 40 minutes
5. Defrosting time > 8 minutes, next cycle 30 minutes

< 2 min 120 min

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Technical Training

2 – 4 min 80 min

4 – 6 min 60 min
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6 – 8 min 40 min

> 8 min 30 min

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Control Algorithm
Control system protection
Compressor over-current protection
Variable drive compressor
• When variable drive compressor current reaches the maximum limit, over-current
protection triggers and the compressor frequency will reduce.
• When the compressor current drops below the limit, frequency variation resumes.
• When compressor current increase rapidly and reaches the maximum limit, the
system will be determined as compressor overload and stop the compressor.

Comp amp
(A) Variable compressor stops
Training

20.5
Technical Training

Frequency step down

18
Maintain frequency
17
Technical

Normal Operation

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Control Algorithm
Control system protection
High discharge temperature protection
Variable drive system
• When variable drive discharge temperature reaches 110°C, system stops.
• When variable drive discharge temp. between 100°C and 110°C, frequency drops.
• When variable drive discharge temperature is less than 97°C and more than 100°C,
frequency increased restricted.
• When discharge temperature falls below 94°C, normal operation resumes.
Compressor
discharge
temperature
System shuts down
110°C
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Technical Training

Frequency step down

100°C
Technical

Maintain frequency

97°C
94°C
Normal operation

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Control Algorithm
Control system protection
High discharge temperature protection
Fixed drive system
• When fixed drive discharge temperature reaches 110°C, system stops.
• When discharge temperature falls below 94°C for 3 minutes, system resumes.

Td = Compressor discharge temperature

Td

110°C Comp Cut

Training
Technical Training

94°C Comp start

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3 min

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Control Algorithm
Control system protection
Outdoor coil high temperature protection

Variable drive system

• During cooling, when Tcoil1 > 60 °C, frequency drops.
• During cooling, when Tcoil1 < 55 °C, system resumes.

Fixed drive system

• During cooling, when Tcoil2 > 64°C, compressor stops.
Training
Technical Training

• During cooling, when Tcoil2 < 51°C, system resumes.

Technical

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Control Algorithm
Control system protection
Low pressure switch protection

• Alarm delayed at compressor startup : 30 sec depends on Parameter P3*.

• No protection during defrosting.
• If variable drive or fixed drive low pressure switch is activated for 5
seconds, alarm will be triggered.
* Parameter P3 (Low pressure alarm delay at compressor start up. Min=0s, max=199s, default=30s)
Training
Technical Training

Note : If low pressure alarm occur more than 3 times within

30 minutes, system shuts down to irreversible error.
Technical

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Control Algorithm
Control system protection
High pressure switch protection

• If fixed drive high pressure switch is activated for 30 sec, alarm will
be triggered.
• If variable drive high pressure switch is activated, frequency of
variable drive compressor will decrease at 1Hz/s. If it is re-activated
for 30 sec, alarm will be triggered.
Training
Technical Training

Note : If high pressure alarm occur more than 3 times within

30 minutes, system shuts down to irreversible error.
Technical

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Control Algorithm
Control system protection

3 phase AC phase sequence protection

If 3 phase AC phase sequence is incorrectly connected,
system will not start and controller will indicate error.
System will resume after rectification.

3 phase AC phase missing protection

Training
Technical Training

If phase missing happens, system will not operate.

Controller will indicate error. System will resume after
rectification.
Technical

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Chiller Panel Controller
Training
Technical Training
Technical

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Chiller Panel Controller

Short cut key Navigation key

LCD Display
Switching
Cool Mode On/Off
Indicator
Switching Heat
Mode Navigation
Key (Up &
On/Off Shortcut Down)
Key
Execute
Training
Technical Training

Instruction Key
Show Alarm
Key Cancel
Instruction Key
Technical

Short cut key can only be used in the summary page!

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Chiller Panel Controller

CMOS Reset
Jumper (JH2)

Backup
Reset some of the
settings to the Battery
DEFAULT value
Training
Technical Training

Chiller Terminal Memorize of Date,

Unit Connection Time & Timer
(CN8) Schedule
Technical

+12Vdc, GND; A, B

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Chiller Panel Controller
Menu structure
Status

Mode

Operation Menu Cool Set

General
Heat Set
Regulator
Manual Defrost
Compressor

Set Parameter [#] Defrost

Change Password Antifreeze

Main Menu Settings Menu [#]
Inverter
Panel Option
Alarm and Contact
Summary Pages Set Panel ID

Clock Setting
Unit Selection
Menu Date Setting
Training

Timer Menu
Technical Training

Time Schedule

Timer

Show Alarms
Alarm Menu
Erase All Alarms
Technical

Defrost Sensor

Discharge Sensor
Display Menu
Comp Run Time [#]

Inverter Chiller

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Chiller Panel Controller
Setting menu
Setting parameter for Inverter
Inverter parameter setting page on the chiller panel controller
SETTINGS MENU
Set Parameter
Change Password
Panel Option
Set Panel ID
Training
Technical Training

1. General V1 Cp Freq : 0Hz

2. Regulator V2 EXV :0
3. Compressor V3 Cp Manual : Disable
4. Condenser Defrost
V4 EXV Manual : Disable
Technical

5. Cool Mode Antifreeze

6. Inverter V5 Def Mode : Disable
7. Alarm & Contact

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Chiller Panel Controller
There are 5 setting parameters for Inverter ( V1 to V5 )
INVERTER Unit Default Min Max Resolution
V1 Compressor frequency Hz Auto 0 120 1
V2 EXV Opening Flag Auto 0 480 1
Compressor manual setting Flag 0 (disable) 0 1 1
V3
0 = disable 1 = enable
EXV Manual setting Flag 0 (disable) 0 1 1
V4
0 = disable 1 = enable
Defrost Mode Flag 0 (disable) 0 1 1
V5
0 = disable 1 = enable

V1 : Compressor frequency
It allows to set the inverter compressor frequency (max frequency varies according
to models)
Training
Technical Training

V2 : EXV (Electronic expansion valve)

It allows to set the EXV opening (0-480 pulsation)
Technical

V3 : Cp Manual
This parameter enable automatic or manual setting for the compressor frequency.
( Enable : manual setting is possible, Disable : frequency auto-run )

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Chiller Panel Controller

INVERTER Unit Default Min Max Resolution

V1 Compressor frequency Hz Auto 0 120 1
V2 EXV Opening Flag Auto 0 480 1
Compressor manual setting Flag 0 (disable) 0 1 1
V3
0 = disable 1 = enable
EXV Manual setting Flag 0 (disable) 0 1 1
V4
0 = disable 1 = enable
Defrost Mode Flag 0 (disable) 0 1 1
V5
0 = disable 1 = enable

V4 : EXV Manual
This parameter enable automatic or manual setting for the EXV opening.
( Enable : manual setting is possible, Disable : EXV opening auto-run )
Training
Technical Training

V5 : Def Mode
This parameter enable automatic intelligent or standard defrosting.
( Enable : manual setting is possible in Parameter D1-D6, Disable : Intelligent
Technical

defrosting [auto-run] )

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Chiller Panel Controller
Display menu
Display menu for Inverter
Inverter display menu page on the chiller panel controller

Screen 1
DISPLAY MENU Inverter Chiller
Defrost Sensor Comp Freq : 75Hz
Discharge Sensor
EXV : 320
Comp. Run Time
Comp Amp : 9.7A
Inverter Chiller
DC Bus : 555V
Training
Technical Training

Screen 2
Inverter Chiller
Suction : 15.5 °C
Technical

BPHE In : 45.9 °C
BPHE Out : 18.3 °C
Condenser : 28.4 °C

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Chiller Panel Controller
Display menu Inverter Chiller
Comp Freq : 75Hz
Display menu for Inverter EXV : 320
Comp Amp : 9.7A
DC Bus : 555V
Compressor Frequency
It shows the operating inverter compressor frequency. (Hz)

EXV
It shows the operating EXV opening (pulse).

Comp Amp
Training
Technical Training

It shows the operating inverter compressor running current. (A)

DC Bus
Technical

It shows the operating DC voltage in the inverter system. (V)

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Chiller Panel Controller
Display menu Inverter Chiller
Suction : 15.5 °C
Display menu for Inverter BPHE In : 45.9 °C
BPHE Out : 18.3 °C
Suction Condenser : 28.4 °C
It shows the inverter compressor suction temperature. (°C)
BPHE In
It shows the refrigerant inlet temperature at the BPHE during cooling
mode. During heating mode, the value represents the refrigerant
outlet temperature at the BPHE. (°C)
Training
Technical Training

BPHE Out
It shows the refrigerant outlet temperature at the BPHE during cooling
mode. During heating mode, the value represents the refrigerant inlet
temperature at the BPHE. (°C)
Technical

Condenser
It shows the inverter condenser coil inlet temperature. (°C)

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Self Diagnosis &
Troubleshooting
Training
Technical Training
Technical

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Self Diagnosis & Troubleshooting
Error Code
Control measure
Reset System 1 System 2
Error display Error description
(default) Pump (Variable Drive) (Fixed drive)
Comp Fan Comp Fan
Phase Missing Phase missing Manual OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF
Phase Seq Error Wrong phase sequencing Manual OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF
Memory Error EEPROM read/write error Auto OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF
Entering Water Sensor Open/Short BPHE water in sensor error Auto OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF
Leaving Water Sensor Open/Short BPHE water out sensor error Auto OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF
Outdoor Air sensor Open/Short Ambient temp sensor error Auto OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF
Water Flow Error Cv contact opened Manual OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF
Cool Mode Antifreeze Leaving water temp. too low Auto OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF
OV/UN Voltage Comp. High Voltage (>490V) <460V, Auto OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF
OV/UN Voltage Comp. Low Voltage (<310V) >340V, Auto OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF
Pump Overload Pump OLP opened Auto OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF
IPM Error IPM over-current or overheat Auto - OFF OFF - -
Comp 1 Overload Comp 1 overload Auto - OFF OFF - -
Comp 1 Discharge Overheat Comp 1 discharge Overheat Auto - OFF OFF - -
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Technical Training

High pressure 1 System 1 high pressure Auto - OFF OFF - -

Low pressure 1 System 1 low pressure Auto - OFF OFF - -
Comp 1 Defrost sensor Open/Short Coil out system 1 sensor error Auto - OFF OFF - -
Comp 1 Suct sensor Open/Short Suction comp system 1 sensor error Auto - OFF OFF - -
Comp 1 Discharge sensor Open/Short Discharge comp system 1 sensor error Auto - OFF OFF - -
Coil 1 Inlet Temp Open/Short Coil in system 1 sensor error Auto - OFF OFF - -
V-Hx Inlet Temp sensor Open/Short BPHE refrigerant in sensor error Auto - OFF OFF - -
Technical

V-Hx Outlet Temp sensor Open/Short BPHE refrigerant out sensor error Auto - OFF OFF - -
Comp 2 Overload Comp 2 overload Auto - - - OFF OFF
High pressure 2 System 2 high pressure Auto - - - OFF OFF
Low pressure 2 System 2 low pressure Auto - - - OFF OFF
Comp 2 Defrost sensor Open/Short Coil out system 2 sensor error Auto - - - OFF OFF
Comp 2 Discharge sensor
Discharge comp system 2 sensor error Auto - - - OFF OFF
Open/Short/Overheat

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Self Diagnosis & Troubleshooting
1. No response after power-on
Yes
No response

Is JP-power/DC- Yes Main board faulty,

OUT output To replace.
Check normal?
Is LED main Yes
board lit? Input
conditions
No

No
Is connection Yes Main board or
between main IPM short circuit,
board and IPM To replace.
Is R,S,T No Check Input normal?
Input voltage
Training

power supply DC-IN (+590VDC)

Technical Training

normal?
No
Yes

Replace power
Technical

Is Power board components

No
board DC-IN Check DC
voltage rectifier circuit
normal?
JP-power DC-OUT
(+12VDC & (+15VDC)
+5VDC) Power board

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Self Diagnosis & Troubleshooting
2. LED on main board normal, but no output.
LED lit, No output

Is output No
condition ok? Rectify

Yes

Is load No
Rectify
ok?
Training
Technical Training

Yes

Is main No
Technical

board’s fuse Rectify

ok?

Replace main board

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Self Diagnosis & Troubleshooting
3. Other functions normal but compressor not functioning
Others OK, Comp
not functioning

Is fuse in DC Yes
loop ok? Check operating conditions

No

No
Is IPM ok? Replace
Training
Technical Training

Yes

Is compressor No
Technical

ok? Replace

Yes

Change fuse

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Self Diagnosis & Troubleshooting
4. Flow switch protection

Water flow error

Short JK4

JK4 on main board Is water Flow switch

No
flow error faulty or pump
persists? stopped.
Training
Technical Training

Yes
Technical

Main board faulty ,

replace main board

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Self Diagnosis & Troubleshooting
5. Over voltage protection

OV/UN Voltage

Is Power Yes
supply > Rectify
490VAC?

No

Is Power No
Training
Technical Training

supply <
460VAC?

Yes
Technical

Power board error,

rectify.

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Self Diagnosis & Troubleshooting
6. Under voltage protection

OV/UN Voltage

Is Power Yes
supply < Rectify
310VAC?

No

Is Power No
Training
Technical Training

supply >
340VAC?

Yes
Technical

Power board error,

rectify.

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Self Diagnosis & Troubleshooting
7. Pump overload protection

Pump overload
JK8 on main board

Is voltage No
of 97, 98
on heat
relay VDC
=0V
Yes

Remove JK8, No
97 & 98, is it
Training
Technical Training

Main board faulty

still
conducting?

Yes
Technical

Pump overload

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Self Diagnosis & Troubleshooting
8. Phase missing
Phase missing

Is Voltage No
between R,S,T Check incoming supply
415VAC ±20%?

Yes

Is J-RST on main Yes

board 415VAC Main board faulty
3 Phase supply
±20%?
Training
Technical Training

No

Disconnect power,
remove J-RST, is Yes
Technical

voltage of socket
415VAC ±20%?

No

To Check/replace EMI filter

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Self Diagnosis & Troubleshooting
9. IPM protection Yes

IPM Error
Is heat sink Yes
temperature Rectify
>100°C?

Yes
Is IPM ok? Replace No

Is IPM No
Main board faulty
No temperature
or wrong signal
>100°C?

Is current at No
Check Yes
rated frequency
Training

compressor
Technical Training

ok?

Is heat No
compound dried Change IPM
Yes
out?
Technical

No
Is IPM Error Yes
persists? Normal
Reapply heat
compound

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Self Diagnosis & Troubleshooting
10. Variable compressor over-current protection

Comp 1
overload

Restart. Set freq. Yes

Comp and current
with handset.
checked, circuit ok.
Check current, is
it ok?

No

Main board or
Training
Technical Training

compressor faulty
Technical

Replace

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Self Diagnosis & Troubleshooting
11. Variable drive high pressure protection

High
Pressure 1

No
Is high pressure
Replace
switch ok?

Yes
Training
Technical Training

Check AC system
for overload
Technical

Rectify

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Self Diagnosis & Troubleshooting
12. Variable drive low pressure protection

Low
Pressure 1

No
Is low pressure
Replace
switch ok?

Yes
Training

Check AC system
Technical Training

for low pressure

Technical

Rectify

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Self Diagnosis & Troubleshooting
13. Variable compressor high discharge temperature protection
Comp 1
Discharge
Overheat

Yes Compressor
> 110 °C ?
stops

Temp sensor ok? No

Replace
(<100°C?)
Training
Technical Training
Technical

Check AC system

Rectify

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Self Diagnosis & Troubleshooting
14. Fixed compressor over-current protection

Comp 2 Overload

Is supply No
voltage ok? Rectify
Check on
compressor No
winding Rectify
resistance, is Yes
it to spec ?
Check current
reading on handset No
Training

Normal
Technical Training

Yes against actual

reading, is it very
Check on big different?
Compressor No
Rectify
insulation, is Yes
it ok?
Technical

Current sensing circuit

Yes error. Replace main
board

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Installation
Training
Technical Training
Technical

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Installation

• Unit Handling
• Unit Placement
• Maintenance Access
• Water Connection
• Power Supply & Electrical Connection
Training
Technical Training

• Piping Cleaning
• Preliminary Checking before Start-up
Technical

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Unit Handling
Training
Technical Training
Technical

5ACV 100/135/210 CR

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Unit Placement

• Air Cooled Chiller are cooled by air, space restriction will reduces the air
flow, decrease the cooling capacity, increase the power input and, in come
cases, prevent the unit from operating because of an excess of
condensation pressure.
• 5ACV equipped with propeller fan, which doesn’t need ductwork on fan
outlet.
• Direct effect of the wind on the discharge surface of the fan should be
avoided.
• Enough clearance around the unit for maintenance works.
Training
Technical Training
Technical

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Minimum clearances

5ACV30/55/75CR 5ACV100/135CR
Training
Technical Training
Technical

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Training
Technical Training
Technical

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Maintenance Access
5ACV30/55/75CR
Training
Technical Training
Technical

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Maintenance Access
5ACV100/135/210 CR
Training
Technical Training
Technical

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Water Piping & Fitting
Install piping with minimum bends and changes in elevation to
! minimize pressure drop. Consider the following;

• Vibration eliminators to reduce vibration and noise transmission to the

building.
• Shut off valves to isolate the unit from the piping system during unit
servicing.
• Manual or automatic air vent valves at the highest points of the chilled
water piping.
Training
Technical Training

• A means of maintaining adequate system water pressure (expansion

tank or regulating valve)
Technical

• Temperature and pressure indicators located at the unit to air in unit

servicing.

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Water Piping & Fitting…cont.
Water connection could be damaged by an excessive stress
! when screwing them. Use a second spanner to compensate
the stress of tightening.

• Safety differential pressure switch is used to ensure adequate water

flow to evaporator before starting up the unit.
• Balancing valve to regulate the amount of water flow rate through the
unit.
Training

It is mandatory to install a strainer at the inlet of the unit.

Technical Training

!
Technical

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Water Piping & Fitting…cont.
Training
Technical Training
Technical

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Power Supply & Electrical Connection
Electrical Data
Training
Technical Training
Technical

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Power Supply & Electrical Connection…Cont.
Recommended Fuses & Cable Size
Training
Technical Training
Technical

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Power Supply & Electrical Connection…Cont.

Before carrying out any operations on the electrical system, make

! sure that the unit is de-energized.

! It is important that the appliance is grounded.

Before connecting the power supply lines, check that the available
voltage value does not exceed the range specified in the electrical
! data being provided in Installation Manual.
Training
Technical Training

It’s recommended to check the correct sequence of the 3 supply

! phases R-S-T before the unit start up.
Technical

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Preliminary Checking before Start-up

• Check the section of power supply and grounding cable.

• Check that any voltage and phase variation in the power supply does not
exceed the prefixed thresholds.
• Check that components of the external water circuit (user equipment, filters,
power supply tank and reservior, if any) have been installed properly, and
according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
• Check that the filling of the hydraulic circuits, and make sure that the fluid
circulation is correct, without any trace of leaks and air bubbles.
• Check that the direction of rotation of the pumps is correct.
Training
Technical Training

• Adjust the liquid distribution network in such a way that the flow rate is within
the specified range.
• Check that the water quality is up to the specification.
Technical

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Piping Cleaning
• Run the clean water through the water inlet and operate the pump to
drain out the dirty water. Clean the strainer after running the pump for 30
minutes.
• Fill up the water circuit after connecting the pipes and equipment. Check
water leakage at all connections and joints. Do not start the unit when the
system is leaking.
• To optimize the capacity of the system, ensure that the system is free of
air bubbles. The air trapped in the system would make the system
unbalanced.
Training
Technical Training
Technical

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller
 Thank You
Training
Technical Training
Technical

Air
Air Cooled
Cooled Inverter
Inverter Chiller
Chiller