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NATIONAL OIL CORPORATION

GENERAL ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION

GES P.07

UNDERGROUND PIPING

Rev Date Description Checked Approved


0 1999 Issued for Implementation DL

Compiled by Teknica (UK) Ltd


GENERAL ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION GES P.07
UNDERGROUND PIPING Page 2 of 15
Rev 0 1999

INDEX

SECTION TITLE PAGE

1.0 SCOPE OF SPECIFICATION 4

1.1 Introduction 4
1.2 Other NOC Specifications 4

2.0 DEFINITIONS 5

2.1 Technical 5
2.2 Contractual 5

3.0 DESIGN 6

3.1 Codes and Standards 6


3.2 Installation 7
3.3 Layout 8
3.4 Trench Excavation and Backfill 9
3.5 Terminations above Ground 9
3.6 Cathodic Protection 10
3.7 Stress and Supports 10
3.8 Pipe Joints Below Ground 10

4.0 MATERIALS 10

4.1 General 10
4.2 Process Plant Cooling Water Systems 11
4.3 Fire Mains 11
4.4 Potable Water 11
4.5 Summary of Materials 11

5.0 FABRICATION 12

5.1 Piping Fabrication Procedure 12

6.0 INSPECTION 12

6.1 Procedures 12
6.2 Scope 12

7.0 TESTING 12

7.1 Required Tests 12


7.2 Test Procedures 13
7.3 Test Certificates 13

INDEX
GENERAL ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION GES P.07
UNDERGROUND PIPING Page 3 of 15
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SECTION TITLE PAGE

8.0 DOCUMENTATION 13

8.1 Introduction 13
8.2 Schedules and Reports 13
8.3 Data and Calculations 13
8.4 Drawings 13
8.5 Fabrication 14

9.0 PRIOR TO SHIPMENT 15

9.1 Protection 15
9.2 Warranty 15
GENERAL ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION GES P.07
UNDERGROUND PIPING Page 4 of 15
Rev 0 1999
1.0 SCOPE OF SPECIFICATION

1.1 Introduction

1.1.1 This specification covers the minimum requirements for the design, fabrication, installation, inspection
and testing of underground piping for refineries, onshore oil and gas installations and processing
facilities, including piping items purchased either directly or as a part of a package.

1.1.2 This specification is limited to below ground process piping, process drains, including fire water
mains, foam lines (where specified) cooling water lines, mains water supply and plant potable water
supply. All piping shall be in accordance with the above ground piping specification GES P.01
"Piping Material Specification" and GES P.02 "Plant Piping Systems" and any additional requirements
of this specification.

1.1.3 This specification only covers underground pressure piping within the pressure/temperature range of
Class 150, ASME B16.5, within the temperature limits of -20°F(-29°C) to 200°F(93°C).

1.1.4 This specification does not cover the general requirements for rainwater, oily water and sanitary sewer
systems, see GES Q.07 for these requirements.

1.1.5 Pipeline systems are outside the scope of this specification and are provided for under GES R.02
"Pipeline Systems".

1.1.6 The Vendor/Contractor shall comply fully with the provisions laid down in this specification. Any
exceptions must be authorised in writing by the Owner.

1.1.7 In the event of any conflict between this specification and any of the applicable codes and standards,
the Vendor/Contractor shall inform the Owner in writing and receive written clarification before
proceeding with the work.

1.1.8 This General Engineering Specification will form part of the Purchase Order/Contract.

1.2 Other NOC Specifications

The following NOC specifications are an integral part of this specification and any exceptions shall be
approved in advance by the Owner:

GES H.04 Firewater Systems

GES P.01 Piping Material Specification

GES P.02 Plant Piping Systems

GES P.06 Plastic and Glass Fibre Piping

GES P.08 Cement Lined Piping

GES P.09 Steel Piping Fabrication (Shop or Field)

GES P.10 Erection and Testing of Steel Piping

GES P.11 Fabrication and Installation of Plastic Lined Piping

GES Q.01 Earthworks (Inc Site Preparation, Pits and Trenches)

GES Q.04 Concrete Structures


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UNDERGROUND PIPING Page 5 of 15
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GES Q.07 Rainwater, Oily Water and Sanitary Sewer Systems

GES X.04 Epoxy Lining of Steel Piping and Vessels

GES X.07 Coating and Wrapping of Buried Pipework

GES X.22 Cathodic Protection Systems for Plant and Pipelines and Well Casings

2.0 DEFINITIONS

2.1 Technical

The technical terms used in this specification are defined as follows:

Design Drawings (Studies)

Conceptual drawings for a plant EPIC (Engineering, Procurement, Installation and Commissioning)
contract may be supplied by the Owner to the Vendor/Contractor or by the Vendor/Contractor to the
Owner, which together with the technical specification defines the scope of work of the Purchase
Order/Contract.

Detail Engineering Drawings

Working drawings proposed by the Vendor/Contractor prior to commencement of construction.

Pipe Liner

A filled or unfilled thermoplastic or thermosetting resin layer, reinforced or non-reinforced forming


the interior surface of the pipe.

Surge Pressure (Water Hammer)

A short term pressure increase greater than working pressure that is anticipated in a system as a result
of a change in velocity of a fluid, e.g. when valves are opened/closed or when pumps are
started/stopped.

2.2 Contractual

The commercial terms used in this specification are defined as follows:

Owner

The oil or gas company, an associate or subsidiary, who is the end user of the equipment and facilities.

Contractor

The main contractor for a defined piece of work

Sub-Contractor

A company awarded a contract by a Contractor to do part of the work awarded to the Contractor.

Inspection Authority
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UNDERGROUND PIPING Page 6 of 15
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The organisation representing the Owner or Vendor/Contractor that verifies that the equipment and
facilities have been designed, constructed, inspected and tested in accordance with the requirements of
this specification and the Purchase Order/Contract.

Inspector

A qualified individual representing the Owner, Vendor/Contractor or the assigned Inspection


Authority, who verifies that the equipment and facilities have been designed, constructed, inspected
and tested in accordance with the requirements of this specification and the Purchase Order/Contract.

3.0 DESIGN

3.1 Codes and Standards

The governing codes for buried piping are ASME B31.3 "Process Piping" for steel piping and
thermoplastic piping and AWWA C950 "Fibre Glass Pressure Pipe" for GRP piping. These codes
together with the specifications listed in Section 1.2 and the following codes and standards shall be
deemed to be part of this specification. All recommendations shall apply, unless specifically modified
herein.

National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)

NFPA 11 Standard for Low Expansion Foam


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UNDERGROUND PIPING Page 7 of 15
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3.2 Installation

3.2.1 Depth of Cover (To Top of Pipe)

Depth of Cover in Feet (Metres)


Accessible to Traffic Inaccessible to Traffic
Steel Piping
(Coated & Wrapped) 2'(0.6m) 1'(0.3m)
Fire Water Lines

Steel Piping
(Plastic Lined) 2'(0.6m) 1'(0.3m)
Fire Water Lines

Steel Piping
(Coated & Wrapped) 2'(0.6m) 1' (0.3m)
NPS 24 and Below

Steel Piping
(Plastic Lined) 2'(0.6m) 1' (0.3m)
NPS 24 and Below

Steel Piping
(Coated & Wrapped) 3'(0.9m) 2' (0.6m)
Above NPS 24

Steel Piping
(Plastic Lined) 3'(0.9m) 2' (0.6m)
Above NPS 24

Glass-Reinforced
Plastic Pipe 4'(1.2m) 3'(0.9m)
(GRP)

Steel Piping
(Cement Lined) 4'(1.2m) 3'(0.9m)
GENERAL ENGINEERING SPECIFICATION GES P.07
UNDERGROUND PIPING Page 8 of 15
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3.3 Layout

3.3.1 Cooling Water Lines in Process Areas

Buried cooling water piping in Process Areas shall be laid out with consideration to other underground
services in the same vicinity, e.g. sewers and cable trenches. In general, where there is an interference
in elevation between underground services, sewers, which are limited by gravity fall, and cable
trenches, which are normally near or at the grade level, shall take priority in elevation.

Underground lines shall be grouped together, in a common trench where feasible, with a common
bottom of pipe elevation.

Where two or more lines are running parallel, they shall have a minimum distance of 1.0 ft (0.3m)
between the outside diameters of the lines. This dimension may be reduced for short distances in
congested areas.

The minimum clear distance between buried lines, where lines cross, shall be 0.5 ft (0.15m).

The minimum clear distance between buried piping operating at ambient temperatures and electrical
and instrument cables shall be 1.0 ft (0.3m). The minimum clear distance between buried piping
operating above ambient temperatures to a maximum of 140°F (60°C) and electrical and instrument
cables shall be 2.0 ft (0.6m).

Valves in buried lines shall be accessible from installed valve boxes, so that the valve may be operated
either by extension key from grade, or from the floor of the valve box. The valve box shall be
provided with ladder access to the floor,and shall be designed to provide sufficient space at one side of
the valve for access and maintenance. Where a valve is remotely operated, adequate space shall be
provided for the actuator. The concrete valve box shall be designed in accordance with GES Q.04.
Instruments, e.g. flow meters, in buried lines shall be located in installed instrument boxes, which
shall be designed to provide sufficient space for maintenance of the instrument. Provision shall be
made so that the instrument maybe read locally from grade level, in addition to any remote reading
requirements.

3.3.2 Fire Water Mains

Fire water ring mains, particularly when constructed of GRP material, shall generally be buried when
located around process areas and tankage areas for protection from a hydrocarbon fire and located just
off the hard shoulder of access roads, for protection from accidental damage from vehicles.

Valves in buried fire mains shall be installed in accordance with GES H.04, paragraph 3.3.

3.3.3 Foam Lines

Foam lines within a dyked area containing storage tanks for flammable liquids or within 50 ft (15m) of
a tank that is not dyked, shall be buried with a minimum cover of 1 ft (0.3m), in accordance with
NFPA 11.
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UNDERGROUND PIPING Page 9 of 15
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3.4 Trench Excavation and Backfill

Trenches for buried lines, lined or unlined, shall be excavated to the required widths as listed in Table
A below.

TABLE 1 - "Minimum Trench Widths"

Pipe Size (NPS) Minimum Trench Width Inches (m)


4" 18" (0.45m)

6" 20" (0.50m)


8" 22" (0.55m)
10" 24" (0.60m)
12" 26" (0.65m)
14" 28" (0.70m)

16" 30" (0.75m)

18" 32" (0.80m)

20" 36" (0.90m)

24" 40" (1.00m)

30" 46" (1.20m)


36" 52" (1.30m)

42" 58" (1.50m)


48" 64" (1.60m)

The above table covers individual lines. When two or more lines are routed together in a common
trench, then half the above values shall be taken for each outside line in a bank, plus the minimum
spacing between lines, shall be taken when calculating the minimum trench width.

Excavation and backfill for buried lines, lined or unlined, shall generally be in accordance with GES
Q.07, Section 5.2. The minimum soil cover for GRP buried piping shall be not less than 2.5 ft
(0.76m).

Backfilling shall not take place, until field hydrostatic testing is completed and the pipe has been
examined for leaks.

3.5 Terminations Above Ground

All underground pipe connections to above ground location shall terminate with a flange, 1 ft (0.3m)
above grade, to the face of flange.

There shall be no butt welded, socket welded or threaded terminal points above grade.

Where an underground line ties into a horizontal valve manifold above grade and there is insufficient
room for fittings and flanges elevation wise, the terminal flange shall be in the horizontal plane at the
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UNDERGROUND PIPING Page 10 of 15
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manifold elevation. The underground piping contract shall include all above ground piping and
fittings as far as the terminal flange.

Terminal points to above ground equipment such as heat exchangers shall be located so that an
adjustable pipe spool may be installed between the terminal flange and the equipment nozzle.

3.6 Cathodic Protection

Underground steel piping shall be cathodically protected against corrosion in accordance with GES
X.22.

3.7 Stress and Supports

It is not anticipated that there shall be any requirement for evaluation of stresses resulting from
temperature within the scope of this specification. Buried piping is subject to restraint against
movement from soil resistance. The design of underground piping shall nevertheless allow for
horizontal legs in branch lines to compensate for horizontal movement of a header, or vertical
movement of risers connecting to above ground piping. Risers projecting through concrete paving
effectively form an anchor.

Underground lines shall be laid and embedded on an annulus of clean sand in the trench, so that all of
the underground piping is continuously supported. The remainder of the backfill shall be installed so
that the sand pad is not disturbed.

Where GRP bell and spigot pipe is installed, concrete thrust blocks shall be installed in accordance
with the requirements of GES P.06.

3.8 Pipe Joints Below Ground

There shall be no buried flange connections in any buried pipework. Steel pipes, other than
galvanised, will have fully welded joints, galvanised pipework will have threaded joints. GRP
pipework shall have permanently fused joints.

4.0 MATERIALS

4.1 General

Material for underground pressure piping for water systems is dependant upon the quality of the water
supply, the service required and the degree of soil corrosiveness in the plant area.

The minimum size for underground water distribution headers shall be NPS 4.

The minimum size of underground branch lines shall be NPS 2.

Transition joints from underground to above ground piping shall be flanged, underground piping shall
have the same flange rating and facing as the above ground piping. Insulating flange sets shall be
installed at the transition joints.

4.2 Process Plant Cooling Water Systems

Underground cooling water lines in process plant areas normally carry treated raw water or
desalinated water, unlined carbon steel welded pipe, externally coated and wrapped, shall be used.
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UNDERGROUND PIPING Page 11 of 15
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Note

If process plants on the coastline use seawater for cooling, then cement lined steel piping shall be used
for this service.

Most soils are likely to be moderate to severely corrosive, carbon steel underground piping in low to
moderately corrosive soils shall be coated and wrapped in accordance with GES X.07. GRP materials
may be selected for highly corrosive soils.

4.3 Firemains

Underground firewater ring mains may use either seawater or raw water from wells. Cement lined or
plastic lined carbon steel pipe, externally coated and wrapped, shall be used for sea water or raw water
with a high salinity content. Epoxy lined carbon steel pipe shall be used for raw water with a low
salinity content.

GRP material may be used as alternative to the above, in areas with highly corrosive soil, for sea water
or raw water with either a high or a low salinity.

4.4 Potable Water

Material for underground potable water lines shall be galvanized carbon steel. Minimum branch size
shall be NPS 2.

4.5 Summary of Materials

Carbon steel underground piping materials shall be in accordance with GES P.01.

Epoxy lining of steel pipe shall be in accordance with GES X.04.

Cement lined or plastic lined piping shall be in accordance with GES P.08 and GES P.11 respectively.

Glass fibre reinforced plastic (GRP) and thermoplastic piping material shall be in accordance with
GES P.06.

The cost effectiveness of using GRP material as opposed to plastic or cement lined steel pipe,
externally coated and wrapped, where there is both an internal and external corrosion problem shall be
assessed by the Vendor/Contractor, selection of material shall be subject to approval by the Owner.
The Vendor/Contractor should consider the relative weakness of GRP piping material in comparison
to steel pipe and the severity of soil corrosion, when making an assessment.

For static water conditions such as fire water mains when the raw water supply is mildly corrosive,
corrosion inhibitors shall be considered and assessed instead of using lined pipe, subject to approval
by the Owner.

5.0 FABRICATION

5.1 Piping Fabrication Procedure

5.1.1 The fabrication of unlined carbon steel underground piping shall be in accordance with GES P.09.

5.1.2 The fabrication of internally epoxy coated or cement lined pipe shall be in accordance with GES P.08.
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5.1.3 The fabrication of plastic lined carbon steel piping shall be in accordance with GES P.11.

5.1.4 The fabrication of glass reinforced plastic and thermoplastic underground piping shall be in
accordance with GES P.06.

5.1.5 All carbon steel buried piping shall be coated and wrapped in accordance with GES X.07.

6.0 INSPECTION

6.1 Procedures

The Vendor/Contractor shall allow the Inspector free access to all areas of fabrication, installation and
testing.

The Vendor/Contractor always has the responsibility to provide adequate quality control and
inspection of materials. Any inspection by the Owner or his Inspector shall not relieve the
Vendor/Contractor of these responsibilities or those under his guarantees.

6.2 Scope

The inspection of carbon steel underground lines, unlined, internally coated, cement lined or plastic
lined are governed by ASME B31.3, and shall be in accordance with the requirements of GES P.09,
GES X.04, GES P.08 and GES P.11 respectively.

The inspection of GRP piping is governed by AWWA C950, and ASME B31.3 Chapter VII and shall
be in accordance with the requirements of GES P.06.

The inspection of thermoplastic piping is governed by ASME B31.3 Chapter VII, and shall be in
accordance with the requirements of GES P.06.

7.0 TESTING

7.1 Required Tests

All underground steel piping, unlined or lined shall be pressure tested in accordance with the
requirements in ASME B31.3.

All underground piping of thermoplastic material shall be tested in accordance with the requirements
of ASME B.31.3 Chapter VII, and the relevant standards in ASTM Section 8.

All underground piping of GRP material shall be tested in accordance with AWWA C950.

Pressure and leak tests shall be carried out in the presence of the Owner's Inspector.

7.2 Test Procedures

7.2.1 Test procedure for unlined steel buried lines shall be in accordance with GES P.10 Section 8.

7.2.2 Test procedures for lined steel buried lines shall be in accordance with GES P.11 Section 8.

7.2.3 Test procedures for internally coated and cement lined piping shall be in accordance with GES X.04
Section 8 and GES P.08 Section 12 respectively.

7.2.4 Test procedures for GRP piping and thermoplastic piping shall be in accordance with GES P.06
Section 8.
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UNDERGROUND PIPING Page 13 of 15
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7.3 Test Certificates

Test certificates for the successful testing of the underground pressure piping shall be submitted by the
Vendor/Contractor in accordance with the appropriate specifications as listed above in the test
procedures.

8.0 DOCUMENTATION

8.1 Introduction

8.1.1 This section covers the documentation required for the design, fabrication, installation and testing of
underground piping.

8.2 Schedules and Reports

The Vendor/Contractor shall supply a schedule showing the documents for review and approval,
proposed sub-contractors, material procurement and a production/fabrication programme.

8.3 Data and Calculations

8.3.1 Project specific instructions will be issued to the Vendor/Contractor with the Purchase Order/Contract,
which describes the data and calculations to be submitted, and the methods of submission.

8.3.2 The Vendor/Contractor shall be responsible for obtaining approvals from the Inspection Authority.

8.3.3 All calculations shall be carried out in clear and logical manner. Where conditions involve the use of
formulae or methods not specified in the Design Codes, the source of these formulae or methods shall
be clearly referenced.

8.3.4 Computer calculations will only be acceptable if all input is shown, together with calculated values of
intermediate terms, factors and options chosen, including final calculated dimensions, stresses or other
values and the computer program has been validated to the satisfaction of the Owner.

8.4 Drawings

Process and Instrumentation diagrams (P&IDs) and piping general arrangements shall be submitted to
the Owner and/or Inspection Authority for review and approval. "Issued for Construction" status
drawings shall be issued after final approval.

8.5 Fabrication

8.5.1 Documentation of all welding, fabrication and construction activities shall be maintained. It is the
responsibility of the Vendor/Contractor to collate all documentation and certification relating to a
specific contract and to generate and issue Data Books in accordance with Contract requirements.

These data books as a minimum requirement shall include the following, where applicable:

(a) Quality plans,

(b) Manufacturer's material certificates of conformity and Test Reports,

(c) Description and location of all repairs,


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UNDERGROUND PIPING Page 14 of 15
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(d) Tie-in temperatures and location of all tie-ins,

(e) All survey data and as-built drawings,

(f) Grade and wall thickness of the pipe and fittings,

(g) Welding procedures,

(h) Welding qualification procedures,

(i) Welding/Material maps,

(j) Notes on land reinstatement, including any drainage modification,

(k) Details of cathodic protection system,

(l) Details of other buried installations crossing the underground piping,

(m) Pressure test procedures,

(n) Pressure test reports,

(o) Inspection reports,

(p) Concession documents,

(q) Release notes.

8.5.2 Following completion of construction work, all appropriate documentation and certification necessary
to complete the contract data shall be collated, checked and authorised by the Inspector prior to
despatch to the Owner. Two (2) copies of the completed Data Books shall be despatched to the
Owner.

The manuals shall be presented in A4 format, securely bound in heavy duty 4 ring binders.

8.5.3 The Vendor/Contractor shall supply one set of reproducible original drawings.

9.0 PRIOR TO SHIPMENT

9.1 Protection of Underground Piping against Damage in Storage, Transport and Handling.

Plastic and GRP Piping and fittings shall not be shipped, stored or handled at temperatures below the
recommended minimum limit established in ASME B31.3, Appendix F, for the specific grade under
consideration.

All pipes, fittings and specials shall be protected against damage in storage, transport and handling,
e.g. by using straw or wood wool pads.

Care must be taken during loading, handling and lifting of any section of pipe. Slings shall be used
for lifting pipes, the use of hooks in pipe ends is not permitted. Pipe and fittings shall be adequately
braced, supported and protected from vibration during transit and tied down to prevent shifting or
distortion of pipe sections.
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9.2 Warranty

The Vendor/Contractor shall warrant all equipment, materials and services supplied against any defect
for a period of 12 months after commissioning or 24 months from the date of delivery to site,
whichever is the shorter period, or for the period stipulated in the Purchase Order/Contract.

Should any item be found defective, the Vendor/Contractor shall be responsible for all costs
associated with restoring the equipment to the standard specified by the Purchase Order/Contract.

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