Advanced Energy Design Guide

for Small to Medium Office Buildings

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Achieving 50% Energy Savings Toward a Net Zero Energy Building

Climate Zone Table

© 2011 ASHRAE
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ASHRAE
The American Institute of Architects
Illuminating Engineering Society of North America
U.S. Green Building Council
U.S. Department of Energy
Climate zones for United States counties.
Reproduced from ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 169-2013, Climatic Data for Building Design Standards, © 2013 ASHRAE.

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09b_Chapter4-maps-tables.fm Page 82 Wednesday, April 27, 2011 9:34 AM

82 | Advanced Energy Design Guide for Small to Medium Office Buildings

Climate Zone 1 Recommendation Table for Small to Medium Office Buildings

Item Component Recommendation How-to Tips 3
Insulation entirely above deck R-20.0 c.i. EN2, 17, 19, 21–22
Attic and other R-38.0 EN3, 17, 19, 20–21
Roofs
Metal building R-19.0 + R-10.0 FC EN4, 17, 19, 21
SRI 78 EN1
Mass (HC > 7 Btu/ft2) R-5.7 c.i. EN5, 17, 19, 21
Steel framed R-13.0 + R-7.5 c.i. EN6, 17, 19, 21
Walls Wood framed and other R-13.0 EN7, 17, 19, 21
Metal building R-0.0 + R-9.8 c.i. EN8, 17, 19, 21
Below-grade walls No recommendation EN9, 17, 19, 21–22
Mass R-4.2 c.i. EN10, 17, 19, 21
Floors Steel joint R-19.0 EN11, 17, 19, 21
Wood framed and other R-19.0 EN11, 17, 19, 21
Envelope

Unheated No recommendation None

Slabs EN13–14, 17, 19,
Heated R-7.5 for 12 in.
21–22
Swinging U-0.70 EN15, 17–18
Doors
Nonswinging U-1.45 EN16–17
Vestibules At building entrance No recommendation None
Continuous
Continuous air barrier Entire building envelope EN17
Air Barriers
WWR 20% to 40% EN25; DL6
Area of W and E windows each less than area of
Window orientation EN28, 30
S windows (N in southern hemisphere)
Vertical Exterior sun control (S, E, and W only) PF-0.5 EN26
Fenestration Nonmetal framing windows = U-0.56
Thermal transmittance EN23–24
Metal framing windows = U-0.65
Nonmetal framing windows = 0.25
SHGC EN 24, 29; DL12
Metal framing windows = 0.25
Light-to-solar-gain ratio Minimum VT/SHGC = 1.10 EN34–42
Daylighting
Vertical fenestration EA 0.08 DL7–11
Ceilings = 80%
Interior surface average reflectance Wall surfaces = 70% DL14–15; EL4
Interior Open office partitions = 50%
Finishes
Total partition height = 36 in. maximum - or -
Open office partitions parallel to window walls DL4, 10; EL2, 4
Partition above desk height = min 50% translucent
DL1–5; EL2–3, 5,
LPD 0.75 W/ft2
12–19
24-hour lighting LPD 0.075 W/ft2 EL20
T8 and T5 lamps > 2 ft = 92
Light source lamp efficacy (mean LPW) T8 and T5 lamps ≤ 2 ft = 85 EL6–8
All other > 50
Daylighting / Lighting

4 ft T8 lamp nondimming applications =

NEMA Premium instant start
Ballasts 4 ft T8 lamp dimming applications = EL8
Interior NEMA Premium program start
Lighting Fluorescent and HID sources = electronic
Controls for daylight harvesting in open offices— Dim all general fluorescent lights within primary and
DL16–20; EL1, 11
locate on N and S sides of bldg secondary daylight zones of open offices
Auto ON to 50% = private offices, conference and
meeting rooms, lounge and break rooms, copy
rooms, storage rooms
Automatic controls Auto ON occupancy sensors = restrooms, electrical/ DL13; EL1, 5, 9–10
mechanical rooms, open and private office task
lighting
Time switch control = all other spaces
LPD = 0.075 W/ft2 in LZ3 and LZ4, 0.05 W/ft2 in LZ2
Façade and Landscape lighting EL23
Controls = auto OFF between 12 am and 6 am
LPD = 0.1 W/ft2 in LZ3 and LZ4, 0.06 W/ft2 in LZ2
Parking lots and drives EL21, 24–25
Exterior Controls = auto reduce to 25% (12 am to 6 am)
Lighting LPD = 0.16 W/ft2 LZ3 and LZ4, 0.14 W/ft2 in LZ2
Walkways, plazas, and special feature areas EL22, 24–25
Controls = auto reduce to 25% (12 am to 6 am)
LPD = follow Standard 90.1-2010
All other exterior lighting EL24–25
Controls = auto reduce to 25% (12 am to 6 am)
Laptop computers Minimum 2/3 of total computers PL1–2
Equipment
ENERGY STAR equipment For all computers, equipment, and appliances PL1–2
Choices
Plug Loads

Equipment power density For all computers, equipment, and appliances PL1–2, 4–6
Network control with power saving modes and
Computer power control PL3
control OFF during unoccupied hours
Occupancy sensors Desk plug strip occupancy sensors PL3
Controls
Water coolers and coffee makers control OFF
Timer switches PL3
during unoccupied hours
Vending machine control Yes PL3
*Note: Where the table says “No recommendation,” the user must meet the more stringent of either the applicable version of ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1 or the local code requirements.

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Chapter 4—Design Strategies and Recommendations by Climate Zone | 83

Climate Zone 1 Recommendation Table for Small to Medium Office Buildings (Continued)
Item Component Recommendation How-to Tips 3
Gas water heater efficiency Condensing water heaters = 90% efficiency WH1–5
Electric storage EF (≤12 kW, ≥20 gal) EF > 0.99 – 0.0012 × volume (see Table 5-7) WH1–5
SWH

SWH Point-of-use heater selection 0.81 EF or 81% Et WH1–5

Electric heat pump water heater efficiency COP 3.0 (interior heat source) WH1–5
Pipe insulation (d < 1½ in. / d ≥ 1½ in.) 1 in. / 1 ½ in. WH6
Cooling and heating efficiency See Table 5-8 for efficiency HV3
Packaged ESP 0.7 in. w.c. HV3
Single-Zone DOAS air-source heat pump Yes HV10
Air-Source DOAS heating and cooling efficiency See Table 5-10 for efficiency HV10–11
Heat Pumps DOAS energy recovery Yes, see Table 5-11 for effectiveness HV12
DOAS fan—ESP 1.5 in. w.c. maximum HV20
Unit size 5 tons or less None
Cooling = 16.4 EER
Single-stage cooling and heating efficiency HV4
Heating = 5.2 COP
Cooling part load = 17.6 EER
Cooling full load = 15.0 EER
Two-stage cooling and heating efficiency HV4
Heating part load = 5.7 COP
Heating full load = 5.0 COP
WSHPs WSHP fan—ESP 0.5 in. w.c. HV4, 20
with DOAS Condensing boiler efficiency 90% HV14, 30
DOAS water-to-water heat pump See Table 5-10 for efficiency HV10–11
DOAS variable airflow with DCV Yes HV17–18
DOAS energy recovery Yes, see Table 5-11 for effectiveness HV12
65% mechanical efficiency
Motor efficiency per Standard 90.1-2010,
DOAS fan and motor HV23
Table 10.8B
VSD efficiency = 95%
DX efficiency See Table 5-9 for efficiency HV6
Low-temperature air supply and SAT reset 50°F to 58°F HV6, 11, 25, 31
VAV DX Perimeter convector heat source Electric HV6
with Indirect Gas furnace in DX units No recommendation HV6
Gas-Fired or
Economizer No recommendation None
Elextric Internal
Heat and Electric Energy recovery Yes, see Table 5-11 for effectiveness HV12
Perimeter Heat Indirect evaporative cooling No recommendation None
Demand control and ventilation reset Yes HV17–18
HVAC

ESP 2.0 in. w.c. HV7, 20

Air-cooled chiller efficiency 10 EER HV14, 29
VAV CHW Air-cooled chiller IPLV 12.5 IPLV < 150 tons, 12.75 IPLV ≥ 150 tons HV14
(same as VAV
DX except...) Variable-speed pumping Yes HV29
Maximum fan power 0.72 W/cfm HV7, 23, 31
Air-cooled chiller efficiency 10 EER HV14, 29
12.5 IPLV < 150 tons
Air-cooled chiller IPLV HV14
12.75 IPLV ≥ 150 tons
Condensing boiler efficiency 90% HV14, 30
Variable-speed pumping Yes HV29–30
VAV fan-coil units Yes HV8
Fan-Coils
with DOAS Fan-coil unit fan power 0.30 W/cfm HV8
DOAS chilled-water and hot-water coils served by
Yes HV10
same plant as fan-coils
DOAS variable airflow with DCV Yes HV10–11, 17
DOAS energy recovery Yes, see Table 5-11 for effectiveness HV12
65% mechanical efficiency, motor efficiency
DOAS fan and motor HV23
Standard 90.1-2010, Table 10.8B
Air-cooled chiller full-load efficiency 10 EER HV14, 29
Air-cooled chiller IPLV 12.5 IPLV < 150 tons, 12.75 IPLV ≥ 150 tons HV14
Condensing boiler efficiency 90% HV14, 30
Radiant Systems
DOAS heating and cooling efficiency See Table 5-10 for efficiency HV10–11
with DOAS
DOAS variable airflow with DCV Yes HV10–11, 17–18
DOAS energy recovery Yes, see Table 5-11 for effectiveness HV12
DOAS fan—ESP 1.5 in. w.c. HV20
OA damper Motorized damper HV16
Friction rate 0.08 in./100 ft HV20
Ducts and
Sealing Seal Class B HV22
Dampers
Location Interior only HV20
Insulation level R-6.0 HV21
*Note: Where the table says “No recommendation,” the user must meet the more stringent of either the applicable version of ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1 or the local code requirements.

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